Editing Brighton, Alabama

{{Short description|City in Alabama, United States}}
{{Use American English|date=September 2024}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name            = Brighton
|settlement_type          = [[City]]
|image_skyline            = 
|imagesize                = 
|image_caption            = 
|image_seal               = 
|image_map                = File:Jefferson County Alabama Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Brighton Highlighted 0109400.svg
|mapsize                  = 250px
|map_caption              = Location of Brighton in Jefferson County, Alabama.
|subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
|subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Alabama|County]]
|subdivision_name         = [[United States]]
|subdivision_name1        = [[Alabama]]
|subdivision_name2        = [[Jefferson County, Alabama|Jefferson]]
|government_type          = 
|leader_title             = 
|leader_name              = 
|established_date         = 
|area_magnitude           = 
|area_total_sq_mi         = 1.42
|area_land_sq_mi          = 1.42
|area_water_sq_mi         = 0.00
|elevation_ft             = 515
|elevation_footnotes      = <ref name=gnis/>
|population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
|population_footnotes     = 
|population_total         = 2337
|population_metro         = 
|population_density_sq_mi = 1651.59
|timezone                 = [[Central Time Zone (North America)|Central (CST)]]
|utc_offset               = -6
|coordinates              = {{coord|33|26|22|N|86|56|43|W|region:US-AL|display=inline,title}}
|timezone_DST             = CDT
|utc_offset_DST           = -5
|postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]
|postal_code              = 35020
|area_code                = [[Area codes 205 and 659|205 & 659]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 01-09400
|blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info              = 2403925<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2403925}}</ref>
|website                  = 
|footnotes                 = 
|pop_est_as_of = 
|pop_est_footnotes = 
|population_est = 
|unit_pref = Imperial
|area_footnotes = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2020">{{cite web|title=2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_01.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=October 29, 2021}}</ref>
|area_total_km2 = 3.66
|area_land_km2 = 3.66
|area_water_km2 = 0.00
|population_density_km2 = 637.81
}}

'''Brighton''' is a city near [[Birmingham, Alabama]], [[United States]] and located just east of [[Hueytown, Alabama|Hueytown]]. At the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], the population was 2,337. It is part of the [[Birmingham–Hoover Metropolitan Area|Birmingham-Hoover Metropolitan Statistical Area]], which in 2010 had a population of about 1,128,047, approximately one-quarter of Alabama's population.

It is one of four cities in [[Jefferson County, AL|Jefferson County]] named after cities in Great Britain. Many of the city's early settlers were of English descent; they named the town after the English tourist and resort city of [[Brighton, UK|Brighton]], which is located on the English Channel.

==Geography==
Brighton is located at {{coord|33.4395512|-86.9454040|type:city_region:US|format=dms|display=inline}}.<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/gazette.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=April 23, 2011|date=February 12, 2011|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}</ref>

According to the [[United States Census Bureau|U.S. Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|1.4|sqmi|km2}}, all land.

==History==
Brighton was not settled by European Americans until the late 19th century.  Brighton was officially founded in 1892, when developer G.B. Edwards subdivided a tract of land and sold lots. It was named after Brighton, East Sussex in England UK. It was situated along a [[steam dummy|dummy railroad]] line built in 1889 by the Bessemer & Birmingham Railroad Company to connect those two growing industrial cities.

The Old Huntsville Road was renamed as Main Street and the city was incorporated in 1901. By that year, at least 100 families were living in Brighton. The town had a population of 1,502 by the 1910 census, with seventeen commercial establishments, including eight grocery stores.

The city's fortunes have been closely linked to those of [[Woodward Iron Company]]. Together with coal mining in this area, the iron company was integral to the industrial development in this part of Alabama, which is based on the much larger cities of Birmingham, Bessemer, and Gadsden. After industrial restructuring in the late 1970s and when the iron company moved out, the town has declined in population since its peak in 1980.

Brighton Cemetery, which is still operating, contains the graves of persons of Scottish, English and German descent who came to work at Woodward.<ref>Marjorie L. White, ''The Birmingham District, An Industrial History and Guide'' (1981), pp. 141-142</ref>

In August 1908, coal miner and union leader William Miller, who was black, was accused of blowing up the home of a white mine operator Finley Fuller. It was during a period of labor unrest as mine workers tried to organize unions. Miller was [[Lynching in the United States|lynched]] by a white mob that dragged him out of the Brighton jail. They hanged and killed him not far from Brighton City Hall. Later, it was found that whites opposed to unionization had bombed Fuller's home; by linking the crime to a black man, they intended to increase general opposition to the union's drive for better wages.<ref name="gray">[http://www.al.com/news/birmingham/index.ssf/2015/12/marker_honors_alabama_miner_ly.html Jeremy Gray, "Marker honors Alabama coal miner lynched in 1908"], AL.com, December 14, 2015; accessed April 13, 2018</ref>

In 2015, after the [[Equal Justice Initiative]] (EJI) published its study ''Lynching in America: Confronting the Legacy of Racial Terror'', the city of Brighton resolved to place a historical marker to commemorate Miller for his work with the union and as a victim of lynching. They worked in cooperation with EJI and placed the marker in a ceremony near City Hall. Brighton was the first city in Alabama to install such a memorial. In a related effort, scholarships will be awarded to high school students for writing essays about Alabama's racial history.<ref name="gray"/><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ooyuz.com/geturl?aid=9560040 |title=Marker honors Alabama coal miner lynched in 1908 &#124; AL.com : Related Articles &#124; OOYUZ |access-date=February 3, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160204194420/http://www.ooyuz.com/geturl?aid=9560040 |archive-date=February 4, 2016 |url-status=usurped }}</ref>

==City government==
Brighton has a [[Mayor–council government]]. It operates both police and fire departments.

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1910= 1502
|1920= 3665
|1930= 1708
|1940= 1377
|1950= 1689
|1960= 2884
|1970= 2277
|1980= 5308
|1990= 4518
|2000= 3640
|2010= 2945
|2020= 2337
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|author=United States Census Bureau|author-link=United States Census Bureau|access-date=August 10, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130302111640/http://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|archive-date=March 2, 2013}}</ref><br>2013 Estimate<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2013/SUB-EST2013-3.html|title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2013|access-date=June 7, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140522161634/http://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2013/SUB-EST2013-3.html|archive-date=May 22, 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref>
}}

===2020 census===
{| class="wikitable"
|+Brighton racial composition<ref>{{Cite web|title=Explore Census Data|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?g=1600000US0109400&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2|access-date=December 11, 2021|website=data.census.gov}}</ref>
!Race
!Num.
!Perc.
|-
|[[White (U.S. Census)|White]] (non-Hispanic)
|81
|3.47%
|-
|[[African American (U.S. Census)|Black or African American]] (non-Hispanic)
|1,805
|77.24%
|-
|[[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]]
|3
|0.13%
|-
|[[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]]
|5
|0.21%
|-
|[[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]]
|1
|0.05%
|-
|[[Race (United States Census)|Other/Mixed]]
|45
|1.93%
|-
|[[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]]
|398
|17.03%
|}
As of the [[2020 United States census]], there were 2,337 people, 1,180 households, and 519 families residing in the city.

===2010 census===
At the [[2010 United States Census|2010 census]], there were 2,945 people, 1,105 households, and 696 families living in the city. The population density was {{convert|789.3|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 1,360 housing units at an average density of {{convert|971.4|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The [[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census#2010 census|racial makeup]] of the city was 81.0% Black or African American, 6.5% White, 1.0% Native American, 0.0% Asian, 0.0% Pacific Islander, 10.8% from other races, and 0.9% from two or more races. 13.8% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

Of the 1,105 households 21.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 24.6% were married couples living together, 31.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.0% were non-families. 32.8% of households were one person and 12.4% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.64 and the average family size was 3.39.

The age distribution was 22.8% under the age of 18, 11.5% from 18 to 24, 23.4% from 25 to 44, 27.2% from 45 to 64, and 15.1% 65 or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 102.1 males.

The median household income was $25,929 and the median family income  was $31,472. Males had a median income of $20,838 versus $28,250 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,858. About 14.1% of families and 16.6% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 19.6% of those under age 18 and 21.9% of those age 65 or over.

===2000 census===
At the [[2000 United States Census|2000 census]], there were 3,640 people, 1,413 households, and 921 families living in the city. The population density was {{convert|2,599.1|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 1,636 housing units at an average density of {{convert|1,168.2|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The [[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census#2010 census|racial makeup]] of the city was 9.01% White, 89.12% Black or African American, 0.38% Native American, 0.03% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 0.88% from other races, and 0.55% from two or more races. 1.73% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

Of the 1,413 households 25.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 29.9% were married couples living together, 29.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.8% were non-families. 32.5% of households were one person and 14.7% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.57 and the average family size was 3.29.

The age distribution was 25.5% under the age of 18, 10.3% from 18 to 24, 26.0% from 25 to 44, 21.8% from 45 to 64, and 16.3% 65 or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 87.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 78.9 males.

The median household income was $21,364 and the median family income  was $27,926. Males had a median income of $24,018 versus $20,192 for females. The per capita income for the city was $11,002. About 20.2% of families and 27.2% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 38.3% of those under age 18 and 20.3% of those age 65 or over.

==Notable people==
*[[Charles Avery (pianist)|Charles Avery]] (1892–1974), blues and boogie-woogie pianist<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.discogs.com/artist/959870-Charles-Avery|title=Charles Avery|website=Discogs.com|access-date=November 13, 2022}}</ref>
*[[Parnell Dickinson]], former professional football player
*[[Albert Hall (actor)|Albert Hall]], stage, TV and film actor
*[[Henry Panion]], music director for Stevie Wonder, Whitney Houston, and the Winans
*[[Josephus C. Vines]], mayor of Brighton
*[[Dennis Weatherby]], inventor, scientist, and university administrator
*[[Linda Love (Linda Burroughs)]], International Blues Singer and actress
*[[Asmar A. Baraka (former Alex Banks, Jr.)]], former professional football player
*[[Douglas Bender]],former professional baseball player

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Jefferson County, Alabama}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Cities in Alabama]]
[[Category:Cities in Jefferson County, Alabama]]
[[Category:Birmingham metropolitan area, Alabama]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1892]]