Editing Bradford, Rhode Island

{{Use American English|date=January 2025}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name            = Bradford, Rhode Island
|settlement_type          = [[Census-designated place|CDP]]
|nickname                 = 
|motto                    =

<!-- Images -->
|image_skyline            = BRADFORD VILLAGE HISTORIC DISTRICT, WASHINGTON COUNTY, RI.jpg
|imagesize                = 250px
|image_caption            = Solomon P. Wells House in the historic district
|image_flag               = 
|image_seal               =

<!-- Maps -->
|pushpin_map              = Rhode Island
|pushpin_label_position   = left 
|pushpin_map_caption      = Location in the state of Rhode Island
|pushpin_mapsize          = 
|image_map                = 
|mapsize                  = 
|map_caption              = 
|image_map1               = 
|mapsize1                 = 
|map_caption1             =

<!-- Location -->
|subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
|subdivision_name         = United States
|subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_name1        = [[Rhode Island]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Rhode Island|County]]
|subdivision_name2        = [[Washington County, Rhode Island|Washington]]

<!-- Government -->
|government_footnotes     = 
|government_type          = 
|leader_title             = 
|leader_name              = 
|leader_title1            = 
|leader_name1             = 
|established_title        = 
|established_date         =

<!-- Area -->
|area_footnotes           = <ref name="TigerWebMapServer">{{cite web|title=ArcGIS REST Services Directory|url=https://tigerweb.geo.census.gov/arcgis/rest/services/TIGERweb/Places_CouSub_ConCity_SubMCD/MapServer/5/query?where=STATE='44'&outFields=NAME,STATE,PLACE,AREALAND,AREAWATER,LSADC,CENTLAT,CENTLON&orderByFields=PLACE&returnGeometry=false&returnTrueCurves=false&f=json|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=October 12, 2022}}</ref>
|area_magnitude           = 
|area_total_km2           = 4.75
|area_land_km2            = 4.71
|area_water_km2           = 0.04
|area_total_sq_mi         = 1.83
|area_land_sq_mi          = 1.82
|area_water_sq_mi         = 0.01

<!-- Population -->
|population_as_of         = [[2020 United States Census|2020]]
|population_footnotes     = <ref name="USCensusDecennial2020CenPopScriptOnly">{{cite web|url=https://api.census.gov/data/2020/dec/pl?get=P1_001N,NAME&for=place:*&in=state:44&key=5ccd0821c15d9f4520e2dcc0f8d92b2ec9336108|title=Census Population API|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=October 12, 2022}}</ref>
|population_total         = 1457
|population_density_km2   = 309.55
|population_density_sq_mi = 801.87

<!-- General information -->
|timezone                 = [[North American Eastern Time Zone|Eastern (EST)]]
|utc_offset               = -5
|timezone_DST             = EDT
|utc_offset_DST           = -4
|elevation_footnotes      = 
|elevation_m              = 12
|elevation_ft             = 39
|coordinates              = {{coord|41|24|2|N|71|44|51|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}}
|postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]
|postal_code              = 02808
|area_code                = [[Area code 401|401]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 44-08020<ref name="GR2">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |accessdate=January 31, 2008 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref>
|blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info              = 1217668<ref name="GR3">{{cite web|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov|accessdate=January 31, 2008|title=US Board on Geographic Names|publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]]|date=October 25, 2007}}</ref>
|website                  = 
|footnotes                = 
|pop_est_as_of            = 
|pop_est_footnotes        = 
|population_est           = 
|unit_pref = Imperial
}}
{{Infobox NRHP
| name         = Bradford Village Historic District
| nrhp_type    = hd
| nocat        = yes
| image        =
| caption      =
| location     = [[Westerly, Rhode Island|Westerly]] and [[Hopkinton, Rhode Island|Hopkinton]]
| locmapin     = Rhode Island#USA

| mapframe             = yes
| mapframe-marker      = building
| mapframe-zoom        = 12
|mapframe-caption      = Interactive map showing the location for Bradford Village Historic District

| area         =
| built        = 1732
| architect    = Sherman, R.A., Sons & Co.
| architecture = Bungalow/Craftsman, Tudor Revival, Greek Revival
| added        = May 30, 1996
| refnum       = 96000573
<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|2007a}}</ref>
}}

'''Bradford''' is a [[census-designated place]] (CDP) and [[historic district (United States)|historic district]] in the towns of [[Westerly, Rhode Island|Westerly]] and [[Hopkinton, Rhode Island|Hopkinton]] in [[Washington County, Rhode Island]], United States. The population was 1,406 at the [[United States Census, 2010|2010 census]]. The '''Bradford Village Historic District''' was listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]] in 1996 as a {{convert|224|acre|adj=on}} area including 149 [[contributing buildings]], one other contributing site, and one other contributing structure. The CDP as defined by the [[United States Census Bureau]] is located only in Westerly.

Bradford was named for [[Bradford, West Yorkshire]], England.

== Geography ==
Bradford is located at {{Coord|41|24|2|N|71|44|51|W|type:city}} (41.400657, -71.747607).<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=April 23, 2011|date=February 12, 2011|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}</ref>

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the village has a total area of {{convert|4.9|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}, all land.

== Demographics ==
{{US Census population
|2020= 1457
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=http://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|accessdate=June 4, 2016}}</ref>
}}

===2020 census===
The [[2020 United States census]] counted 1,457 people, 556 households, and 312 families in Bradford. The population density was {{convert|801.9|/mi2|/km2}}. There were 580 housing units at an average density of {{convert|319.2|/mi2|/km2|disp=preunit|units&nbsp;|units|}}.<ref name=:0>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table DP1: PROFILE OF GENERAL POPULATION AND HOUSING CHARACTERISTICS |url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALDP2020.DP1?q=Bradford%20CDP,%20Rhode%20Island%20dp1 |access-date=December 29, 2023 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |publisher=United States Census Bureau |title=Gazetteer Files |url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/2020/geo/gazetter-file.html |access-date=December 30, 2023 |website=Census.gov}}</ref> The racial makeup was 84.76% (1,235) [[White (U.S. Census)|white]] or [[European American]] (83.73% [[Non-Hispanic White|non-Hispanic white]]), 1.58% (23) [[African American (U.S. Census)|black]] or [[African American|African-American]], 2.06% (30) [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]], 2.26% (33) [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.27% (4) [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]] or [[Native Hawaiian]], 1.51% (22) from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 7.55% (110) from [[Multiracial Americans|two or more races]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table P1: RACE |url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALPL2020.P1?q=Bradford%20CDP,%20Rhode%20Island%20p1&y=2020 |access-date=December 29, 2023 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race was 3.64% (53) of the population.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table P2: HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE |url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALPL2020.P2?q=Bradford%20CDP,%20Rhode%20Island%20p2&y=2020 |access-date=December 29, 2023 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref>

Of the 556 households, 28.4% had children under the age of 18; 47.8% were married couples living together; 26.1% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. 23.4% of households consisted of individuals and 9.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.<ref name=:0 /> The average household size was 2.4 and the average family size was 2.9.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1101: HOUSEHOLDS AND FAMILIES |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1101?q=Bradford%20CDP,%20Rhode%20Island%20s1101%20&y=2020 |access-date=December 29, 2023 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> The percent of those with a bachelor's degree or higher was estimated to be 18.1% of the population.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1501: EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1501?q=Bradford%20CDP,%20Rhode%20Island%20s1501%20&y=2020 |access-date=December 29, 2023 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref>

22.1% of the population was under the age of 18, 8.6% from 18 to 24, 26.0% from 25 to 44, 31.4% from 45 to 64, and 11.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39.6 years. For every 100 females, the population had 95.3 males.<ref name=:0 /> For every 100 females ages 18 and older, there were 97.4 males.<ref name=:0 />

The 2016-2020 5-year [[American Community Survey]] estimates show that the median household income was $64,737 (with a margin of error of +/- $37,689) and the median family income was $83,750 (+/- $14,858). Males had a median income of $38,711 (+/- $11,469).<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1903: MEDIAN INCOME IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS (IN 2020 INFLATION-ADJUSTED DOLLARS) |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1903?q=Bradford%20CDP,%20Rhode%20Island%20s1903%20&y=2020 |access-date=December 29, 2023 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> The median income for those above 16 years old was $33,417 (+/- $11,630).<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S2001: EARNINGS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS (IN 2020 INFLATION-ADJUSTED DOLLARS) |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S2001?q=Bradford%20CDP,%20Rhode%20Island%20s2001%20&y=2020 |access-date=December 29, 2023 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> Approximately, 13.5% of families and 18.3% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 59.6% of those under the age of 18 and 0.0% of those ages 65 or over.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1701: POVERTY STATUS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1701?q=Bradford%20CDP,%20Rhode%20Island%20s1701%20&y=2020 |access-date=December 29, 2023 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1702: POVERTY STATUS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS OF FAMILIES |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1702?q=Bradford%20CDP,%20Rhode%20Island%20s1702&y=2020 |access-date=December 29, 2023 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref>

===2000 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2" /> of 2000, there were 1,497 people, 482 households, and 397 families residing in the village. The [[population density]] was {{convert|795.0|/mi2|/km2|abbr=on}}. There were 496 housing units at an average density of {{convert|263.4|/mi2|/km2|disp=preunit|units&nbsp;|units|}}. The racial makeup of the village was 96.33% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.67% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.73% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|American Indian]], 0.60% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.40% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 1.27% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] were 1.94% of the population.

There were 482 households, out of which 51.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.5% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 16.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 17.6% were non-families. 13.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.10 and the average family size was 3.39.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 35.7% under the age of 18, 7.1% from 18 to 24, 34.1% from 25 to 44, 15.9% from 45 to 64, and 7.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 30 years. For every 100 females, there were 103.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.3 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $42,130, and the median income for a family was $40,370. Males had a median income of $36,250 versus $24,353 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the village was $14,004. About 12.4% of families and 13.1% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 17.4% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.

== Environmental contamination ==

Bradford is a working-class village in southwest Rhode Island where the Bradford Dyeing Association (BDA) has operated for nearly 100 years. BDA is the largest producer of battle dress uniform fabrics to the U.S. Dept. of Defense.<ref>[http://www.bdadye.com/about_us.html Bradford Dyeing Association – About our company<!-- Bot generated title -->] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080106101745/http://www.bdadye.com/about_us.html |date=January 6, 2008 }}</ref>

In violation of the federal Clean Air and Clean Water Acts, the BDA plant polluted the Pawcatuck River and fouled the local air. The RI DEM (Department of Environmental Management) was not responding to local complaints about the contamination so the Bradford Coalition 2 Stop Pollution, a community group of homeowners and tenants, lobbied to reduce BDA's pollution.<ref>[http://www.geocities.com/altoncommunityaction/sun827.doc http://www.geocities.com/altoncommunityaction/sun827.doc]{{dead link|date=October 2010|bot=AnomieBOT}}</ref>

A civil lawsuit was successfully filed in 2005 in collaboration with the TAC (Toxic Action Center),<ref>[http://www.lawyersandsettlements.com/settlements/06652/fabric-pollution.html Bradford Dyeing Association Inc. Pollution Fines<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> RIPIRG (Rhode Island Public Interest Research Group) and Sierra Club. The BDA settled in November 2005, agreeing to pay $150,000 in fines and make improvements on the textile mill to reduce pollution. The plant will build taller smokestacks, install a soot-reducing device and better manage its sewage sludge pond.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.toxicaction.org/ |title=Toxicaction.org |access-date=December 31, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170921172249/http://toxicaction.org/ |archive-date=September 21, 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

“State and federal environmental regulators had given BDA a free pass for years,” explained RIPIRG Advocate Matthew Auten. “By requiring the company to significantly upgrade its air pollution and water pollution controls, this settlement demonstrates the important role that citizens can and often must play in enforcing our [[environmental law]]s.”<ref>[http://www.nelconline.org/nelc.asp?id2=30680 National Environmental Law Center<!-- Bot generated title -->] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070710220850/http://www.nelconline.org/nelc.asp?id2=30680 |date=July 10, 2007 }}</ref>

In 2011, BDA's success was already in decline <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.progressive-charlestown.com/2011/07/bradford-dyeing-is-dying.html|title = Bradford Dyeing is dying}}</ref> and as of 2019, the association was shut down and site sold.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thewesterlysun.com/news/westerly/bradford-mill-property-reported-sold-for-325-000/article_df6cc528-a990-11e9-869e-3f4a14c2cdb1.html|title = Bradford mill property reported sold for $325,000| date=July 21, 2019 }}</ref>

==See also==
{{Portal|Rhode Island}}
*[[National Register of Historic Places listings in Washington County, Rhode Island]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{commons category|Bradford, Rhode Island}}

{{Washington County, Rhode Island}}
{{National Register of Historic Places}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Historic districts in Washington County, Rhode Island]]
[[Category:Westerly, Rhode Island]]
[[Category:Hopkinton, Rhode Island]]
[[Category:Census-designated places in Washington County, Rhode Island]]
[[Category:Villages in Washington County, Rhode Island]]
[[Category:Providence metropolitan area]]
[[Category:Villages in Rhode Island]]
[[Category:Census-designated places in Rhode Island]]
[[Category:Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Rhode Island]]
[[Category:1732 establishments in the Thirteen Colonies]]