Editing Boxborough, Massachusetts

{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name            = Boxborough, Massachusetts
|nickname                 = 
|motto                    = 
|image_skyline            = Boxborough Town Hall, September 2015, Boxborough MA.jpg
|imagesize                = 250px
|image_caption            = Boxborough Town Hall
|image_seal               = Seal of Boxborough, Massachusetts.png
|image_flag               = 
|image_map                = Middlesex County Massachusetts incorporated and unincorporated areas Boxborough highlighted.svg
|mapsize                  = 250px
|map_caption              = Location in Middlesex County in Massachusetts
|image_map1               = 
|mapsize1                 = 
|map_caption1             = 
|subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
|subdivision_name         = United States
|subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_name1        = [[Massachusetts]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Massachusetts|County]]
|subdivision_name2        = [[Middlesex County, Massachusetts|Middlesex]]
|established_title        = Settled
|established_date         = 1680
|established_title2       = Incorporated
|established_date2        = February 25, 1783
|established_title3       = 
|established_date3        = 
|government_type          = [[Open town meeting]]
|leader_title             = <!--[[Town Administrator|Town<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Administrator]]-->
|leader_name              = 
|leader_title1            = <!--Board of <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Selectmen-->
|leader_name1             = 
|area_magnitude           = 
|area_total_km2           = 27.0
|area_total_sq_mi         = 10.4
|area_land_km2            = 26.8
|area_land_sq_mi          = 10.4
|area_water_km2           = 0.1
|area_water_sq_mi         = 0.1
|population_as_of         = 2020
|settlement_type          = [[New England town|Town]]
|population_total         = 5506
|population_footnotes     = <ref name="Census 2020">{{Cite web |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=0600000US2501707350 |title=Census - Geography Profile: Boxborough town, Middlesex County, Massachusetts |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=November 6, 2021}}</ref>
|population_density_km2   = auto
|population_density_sq_mi = auto
|elevation_m              = 102
|timezone                 = [[Eastern Standard Time Zone|Eastern]]
|utc_offset               = −5
|timezone_DST             = [[Eastern Standard Time Zone|Eastern]]
|utc_offset_DST           = −4
|elevation_ft             = 335
|coordinates              = {{coord|42|29|00|N|71|31|00|W|region:US-MA_city|display=inline,title}}
|website                  = {{URL|boxborough-ma.gov}}
|postal_code_type         = ZIP Code
|postal_code              = 01719
|area_code                = [[Area code 351|351]]/[[Area code 978|978]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 25-07350
|blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info              = 0618218
|footnotes                = 
}}

'''Boxborough''' is  a town in [[Middlesex County, Massachusetts|Middlesex County]], [[Massachusetts]], United States. The population was 5,506 at the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]].<ref name="Census 2020"/> The town name is often simplified to "Boxboro" on highway signs and official documents.

==Geography==
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the town has a total area of {{convert|10.4|sqmi|km2}}, of which {{convert|10.4|sqmi|km2}} is land and {{convert|0.1|sqmi|km2}}, or 0.48%, is water.

Boxborough is bordered by [[Littleton, Massachusetts|Littleton]] to the north, [[Acton, Massachusetts|Acton]] to the east, [[Stow, Massachusetts|Stow]] to the south, and [[Harvard, Massachusetts|Harvard]] to the west. Prior to incorporation in 1783, the area that is now Boxborough was part of Stow, Harvard, and Littleton.<ref>Prior to incorporation in 1835, the area that is now Boxborough was part of [[Stow, Massachusetts|Stow]], [[Harvard, Massachusetts|Harvard]], and [[Littleton, Massachusetts|Littleton]].</ref>

==Demographics==
{{See also|List of Massachusetts locations by per capita income}}

{{Historical populations | type=USA | align=left
 | 1850|395
 | 1860|403
 | 1870|338
 | 1880|319
 | 1890|325
 | 1900|316
 | 1910|317
 | 1920|298
 | 1930|312
 | 1940|376
 | 1950|439
 | 1960|744
 | 1970|1451
 | 1980|3126
 | 1990|3343
 | 2000|4868
 | 2010|4996
 | 2020|5506
 | 2022*|5412
 | footnote=* = population estimate.  {{Historical populations/Massachusetts municipalities references}}<ref>{{cite web | title=City and Town Population Totals: 2020−2022| publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] | access-date=November 25, 2023 | url=https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/popest/2020s-total-cities-and-towns.html}}</ref>
}}

As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=January 31, 2008 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref> of 2000, there were 4,868 people, 1,853 households, and 1,271 families residing in the town.  The population density was {{convert|469.7|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}.  There were 1,906 housing units at an average density of {{convert|183.9|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}.  The racial makeup of the town was 88.82% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.33% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.02% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 8.48% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.37% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 1.97% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 1.13% of the population.

There were 1,853 households, out of which 42.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.2% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 5.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.4% were non-families. Of all households, 25.9% were made up of individuals, and 3.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.  The average household size was 2.63 and the average family size was 3.25.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 30.5% under the age of 18, 5.1% from 18 to 24, 34.3% from 25 to 44, 25.3% from 45 to 64, and 4.7% who were 65 years of age or older.  The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 104.1 males.  For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 102.0 males.

According to the 2010 Census, the median income for a household in the town was $115,639 and the average income for a household was $147,625. The per capita income for the town was $59,551.  About 1.5% of families and 2.8% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 3.8% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.

==Education==

Boxborough is part of the [[Acton Boxborough Regional School District]] (ABRSD) along with [[Acton, Massachusetts|Acton]]. The town has one elementary school serving K–6, the Blanchard Memorial School. Middle school students then attend the R.J. Grey Junior High School from grades 7–8. High school students then attend [[Acton-Boxborough Regional High School]] from grades 9–12.

[[Acton-Boxborough Regional High School]] (ABRHS) is highly ranked within Massachusetts and nationwide. The U.S. Department of Education designated the institution as a Blue Ribbon School in 2009.<ref>[http://www.wickedlocal.com/acton/news/education/x593052417/Acton-Boxborough-Regional-High-named-Blue-Ribbon-school Acton-Boxborough Regional High named Blue Ribbon school - Acton, MA - The Beacon] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121108105437/http://www.wickedlocal.com/acton/news/education/x593052417/Acton-Boxborough-Regional-High-named-Blue-Ribbon-school |date=November 8, 2012 }}</ref> In 2008, Newsweek magazine ranked ABRHS as one of the best high schools in the country. Also, the school has ranked in the top ten for the National Academic Decathlon.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://usad.org/Competition/Winners.asp |title=United States Academic Decathlon : 2008 Nationals Champs! |access-date=April 28, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090418194147/http://www.usad.org/competition/winners.asp |archive-date=April 18, 2009 }}</ref>

== History ==

=== Early history ===

The area which became the town of Boxborough was first inhabited by the Native Americans of the [[Nipmuc]] and [[Pennacook]] tribes. It was probably visited by colonists as early as the mid seventeenth century, before the neighboring towns of [[Stow, Massachusetts|Stow]] (1683) and [[Acton, Massachusetts|Acton]] (1735) were founded. However, the land in Boxborough was not settled until the beginning of the eighteenth century by farmers looking for fertile land to establish farms. Over the next decades, this area would become one of the most productive agricultural farming areas in the county. Several men from the area served in the [[Seven Years' War]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|title=Boxborough: A New England Town and Its People|url=https://archive.org/details/boxboroughneweng00hage|last=Hager|first=Lucie Caroline|publisher=J.W. Lewis & co.|year=1891|location=Philadelphia|pages=[https://archive.org/details/boxboroughneweng00hage/page/12 12]–13}}</ref>

=== Revolutionary War ===

On April 19, 1775, 21 men from Boxborough met at the Boaz Brown house on Hill road before marching with the companies of Littleton and Acton to the [[Battles of Lexington and Concord]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.boxboroughminutemen.org/|title=Boxborough Minutemen Company|website=www.boxboroughminutemen.org|access-date=May 10, 2016}}</ref> Most of these men, previously farmers, would go on to serve the colonial militia for the remainder of the war.<ref name=":1" />

Sons of Simon Blanchard, descendant of some of the earliest settlers of Boxborough (and killed during the [[Battle of the Plains of Abraham]] in 1759 during the Seven Years' War), Calvin and Luther Blanchard, are two prominent revolutionary veterans. Luther marched with Captain [[Isaac Davis (soldier)|Isaac Davis's]] company of Acton to the Battle of Concord, serving as a fifer. At the North Bridge, several minute-men companies engaged with the British troops in a conflict remembered as the [[shot heard round the world]], eventually forcing the redcoats to retreat. Blanchard is remembered by some historians as the first man wounded, but it is hard to confirm considering the nature of the battle. He received a musket-shot to the chest.<ref name=":1" /> Historian [[Lucie Caroline Hager|Lucie Hager]] documents Luther's witty interaction with a Concord woman who was tending his wound:

<blockquote>''Nurse:'' "A little more and you've been killed."<br />
''Luther:'' Yes, and a little more and it would not have touched me."<ref name=":1" /></blockquote>

Luther died three days later, ostensibly of the wounds he received in these battles. He is buried at the Old Burial Ground in [[Littleton, Massachusetts]]. A picture of Luther is featured on the Boxborough seal. Calvin survived the war and went on to be involved in early Boxborough politics. It is after descendants of this same Blanchard family that Blanchard Memorial School was named.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Petitions, Remonstrances and Acts relating to Littleton and Boxborough, 1782 to 1869|url=https://archive.org/details/petitionsremonst00sand|last=Sanderson|first=G. A.|publisher=George E. Crosby & co.|year=1890|location=Boston}}</ref>

=== Founding ===

A closer church served as the motivation for establishing a new district; those who lived in the extreme parts of this area found it difficult to travel all the way to church every week (the community had been built on [[Puritans|Puritan]] ideals, attending church was required at this time). Perhaps the key players in this movement, fresh from fighting in the Revolutionary War, were pursuing further independence.<ref name=":1" />

Boxborough was formed from Harvard, Littleton, and Stow. A member of [[Middlesex County, Massachusetts|Middlesex County]], Boxborough established a new county line between Middlesex and Worcester.<ref name=":0" />  On January 31, 1775, men of this area formed a "Sartain Society" which agreed to purchase the Harvard Old meeting-house to act as a town hall and a church.<ref name=":1" />

The people of Boxborough were denied registration to be an independent district three times before being accepted in 1782, then incorporated on February 25, 1783. At first, Boxborough didn't send a representative to the General Court, instead continuing to help elect a representative from Stow.<ref name=":0" />

Besides the Blanchard family, several other early settlers of Boxborough were instrumental in its establishment as an independent district. John Wetherbee and his family built houses in what would become Boxborough as early as 1717, and some historians consider John the first settler of the area.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":3" /> Silas Wetherbee, born a generation later, fought for a Stow company during the Revolution, and gave the land on which the new meeting-house and church was built after the war.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":4">{{Cite web|url=http://www.boxboroughminutemen.org/about/about.htm|title=About|website=www.boxboroughminutemen.org|access-date=May 10, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425173245/http://www.boxboroughminutemen.org/about/about.htm|archive-date=April 25, 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> Silas was not just a veteran and financial backer, but was also elected as an original selectman. The Wetherbee Family continues to influence Boxborough politics for a century to come.

The Taylor brothers were also some of the first settlers in the area. Silas Taylor served as a captain in the Revolutionary War before serving as the first clerk of the district of Boxborough, as well as an original selectman and assessor. Phinehas Taylor Jr. also served as a captain in the War, going on to serve as the original treasurer and deer-reeve of the district.<ref name=":1" />

Other old Boxborough families include the Hager Family, the Wood Family, and the Stone family, each of which settled in the area before its incorporation and had men serve during the Revolutionary War.<ref name=":1" /> Bennet Wood and Joseph Stone served as the first official Boxborough government, serving as the committee for the Sartain Society, along with moderator Henry Cooledge.<ref name=":4" /> Joseph Stone, originally from Harvard, was deeply involved in the area, serving as justice of the peace and a deacon of the congregational church until his death.<ref name=":1" /> The Wood Family was also influential in the early politics of Littleton; Bennet's father, Jeremiah, served as collector, selectman, and eventually treasurer.<ref name=":1" />  
[[File:North Cemetery, Boxborough MA.jpg|thumb|Old North Cemetery]]
Most of these influential Boxborians were buried in the Old North Cemetery, which has graves dating back to the eighteenth century.

==Attractions==
On October 16, 2005, the Boxborough Historical Society opened the Boxborough Museum.  The museum is located at 575 Middle Road and is open several Sundays a year. Boxborough is also known for Steele Farm, a popular location for sledding and hikes, with dog-friendly conservation trails.

There is a good example of a [[esker|glacial esker]], over one mile in length, located in the Beaver Valley Preserve.

An annual Harvest Fair is held in September, celebrating Boxborough's agricultural legacy.

Boxborough is home to several historical landmarks and sites on the Freedom Trail. The Silas Taylor Farm can be found on Flagg Hill. The Silas Wethebee House (est. 1770), or Walnut Farm, can be seen today on Hill Road as part of the "Path of the Patriots."<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=http://www.freedomsway.org/towns/boxborough/boxborough.html|title=Boxborough, MA: Path of the Patriots|date=2010|website=Freedom's Way|access-date=May 10, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160429203710/http://www.freedomsway.org/towns/boxborough/boxborough.html|archive-date=April 29, 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref>

=== Conservation areas and playing fields ===

Boxborough has fourteen distinct state, non-profit, conservation or municipal tracts of lands with trails suitable for a number of non-motorized activities.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.boxborough-ma.gov/conservation-commission/pages/conservation-land-maps |title=Conservation Land Maps &#124; Boxborough MA |access-date=September 19, 2014 |archive-date=November 24, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141124140332/http://www.boxborough-ma.gov/conservation-commission/pages/conservation-land-maps |url-status=dead }}</ref> These are maintained by town volunteers and the town employees (mostly where mowing is required).

Flerra Meadows provides soccer fields, as well as a small playground and pond. Liberty Fields has a baseball diamond, multiple soccer fields and a conservation trail in the woods.

The Boxborough [[Mamil]]s, a cycling group, meets regularly at Flerra Meadows for community bike rides in Boxborough and neighboring towns.

== Reenactments and commemorations ==

=== Boxborough Minutemen Company ===

The Boxborough Minutemen Company is a historical society founded in Boxborough in 1967 with the goal of preserving the memory of the town's role in the American Revolution, as well as serving the community. The Minutemen sponsor local activities and businesses, give out scholarships, and participate in historical reenactments.<ref name=":2" />

The legacy of the revolution has lived on through several groups similar to the Minutemen Company dating back to the end of the eighteenth century. Following the Revolutionary War, the "Slam Bang Company" was founded by patriotic men of Boxborough, eventually dissolving into the "Boxborough Light Infantry Company." The goals of these groups seem purely honorary, though it is recorded that they met three times a year for annual military training through the nineteenth century.<ref name=":1" />

=== Fifer's Day ===

<!-- Deleted image removed: [[File:Fifersday.JPG|thumb|Members of the Boxborough Minutemen Company march with local students]] -->
Boxborough is known for its annual Fifer's Day celebration, put on by the Minutemen, which commemorates Luther Blanchard. Fifer's Day is held every June at Flerra Meadows in Boxborough. It begins with a {{convert|4|mi|km|adj=on}} road race, followed by a parade and many different festivities. Booths with hamburgers, hot dogs, snow cones etc. line the field and games, bands and volleyball tournaments complete the afternoon. Other Fifer's Day activities typically include pony rides, air balloon rides, and fire engine demonstrations.

==Notable people==
<!-- EDITORS’ NOTE: 
If you add a notable person, please keep list in alphabetical order by last name.-->

* [[Allen Bourbeau]], Harvard University, played with [[United States men's national ice hockey team|Team USA]] at the [[Ice hockey at the 1988 Winter Olympics|1988 Winter Olympics]]
* [[Callahan Burke]], professional ice hockey player for the [[Colorado Avalanche]]
* [[Ted Crowley]], [[National Hockey League|NHL]] professional [[ice hockey|hockey]] player; grew up on Guggins Lane
* [[Lucie Caroline Hager]] (1853–1903), author
* [[Adil Najam]], member of the United Nations' [[Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change]] (IPCC) which was awarded the 2007 Nobel Prize for Peace
* [[Bill Rodgers (athlete)|Bill Rodgers]], runner, winner of the [[Boston Marathon]] and [[New York City Marathon]]
* [[Isadore Singer]], mathematician, recipient of the [[Abel Prize]]
* [[Bob Sweeney (ice hockey)|Bob Sweeney]], NHL professional hockey player and brother-in-law of [[Madeline Amy Sweeney]]
* [[Fred Wesley Wentworth]] (1864–1943), architect known for his many buildings in [[Downtown Paterson|Downtown]] [[Paterson, New Jersey]]<ref>{{Citation   | last = Polton   | first = Richard E   | title = The Life and Times of Fred Wesley Wentworth: The Architect Who Shaped Paterson, NJ and Its People   | publisher = Pine Hill Architectural Press, LLC   | year = 2012   | url = http://www.fredwesleywentworth.com/   | isbn = 9780813560786   | access-date = November 26, 2014 | archive-date = November 12, 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191112051126/http://www.fredwesleywentworth.com/   | url-status = dead   }}</ref>
* [[Jessamyn West (librarian)|Jessamyn West]], librarian, grew up in Boxborough

==References==

{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Boxborough, Massachusetts}}
*[http://www.boxborough-ma.gov/ Town of Boxborough official website]
*[https://www.boxboroughhistoricalsociety.org/ Boxborough Historical Society]
*[http://www.mass.gov/portal/cities-towns/boxborough.html State government data for Boxborough]

{{Middlesex County, Massachusetts}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Boxborough, Massachusetts| ]]
[[Category:Towns in Middlesex County, Massachusetts]]
[[Category:Towns in Massachusetts]]