Editing Black's Law Dictionary

{{Short description|Popular American law dictionary}}
{{infobox book
| image             = Blacks-Law-Dictionary.jpg
| caption           = Image of the 7th edition
| editor            = [[Bryan A. Garner]]<br>(1999–present)
| country           = United States
| language          = English
| publisher         = [[West (publisher)|West]] ([[Thomson Reuters]])
| pub_date          = 1891 (1st)<br>1910 (2nd)<br>1933 (3rd)<br>1951 (4th)<br>1968 (4thR)<br>1979 (5th)<br>1990 (6th)<br>1999 (7th)<br>2004 (8th)<br>2009 (9th)<br>2014 (10th)<br>2019 (11th)<br>2024 (12th)
| isbn              = 978-1-5392-2975-9
| website           = {{URL|https://legal.thomsonreuters.com/en/products/law-books/blacks-law-dictionary|''Black's Law Dictionary''}}
}}
'''''Black's Law Dictionary''''' is the most frequently used [[legal dictionary]] in the [[United States]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://library.law.yale.edu/us-legal-dictionaries|title=Yale Law School Lillian Goldman Law Library|access-date=2022-10-16|archive-date=2020-11-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124063521/https://library.law.yale.edu/us-legal-dictionaries|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Henry Campbell Black]] (1860–1927) was the author of the first two editions of the dictionary.

==History==
The first edition was published in 1891 by [[West Publishing]], with the full title ''A Dictionary of Law: containing definitions of the terms and phrases of American and English jurisprudence, ancient and modern, including the principal terms of international constitutional and commercial law, with a collection of legal maxims and numerous select titles from the civil law and other foreign systems''. A second edition was published in 1910 as ''A Law Dictionary''.<ref>{{OCLC|33831602}}</ref> Black died in 1927 and future editions were titled ''Black's Law Dictionary''.

The sixth and earlier editions of the book additionally provided case citations for the term cited, which was viewed by lawyers as its most useful feature, providing a useful starting point with leading cases. The development of the Internet made legal research easier therefore many state- or circuit-specific case citations and outdated or overruled case citations were omitted from the seventh edition in 1999. The eighth edition introduced a unique system of perpetually updated case citations and cross-references to legal encyclopedias. The current edition is the twelfth, published in 2024.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://legal.thomsonreuters.com/en/products/law-books/blacks-law-dictionary|title = Black's Law Dictionary}}</ref>

As many legal terms are derived from a [[Latin]] [[root word]], the dictionary provides a pronunciation guide for such terms.<ref>Macleod, P. R. (1997). Latin in legal writing: an inquiry into the use of Latin in the modern legal world. ''BCL Rev.'', ''39'', 235.</ref> In addition, the applicable entries provide pronunciation transcriptions pursuant to those found among North American practitioners of law or medicine.

==Availability==
An online version of the tenth edition can be accessed through the paid [[Westlaw]] legal information service, and is available as an application for iOS devices.<ref>{{cite web |title=Black's Law Dictionary App |url=https://lawschool.westlaw.com/Marketing/Display/MI/543 |website=Westlaw |publisher=Thomson Reuters |access-date=30 October 2021}}</ref>

The second edition of ''Black's Law Dictionary'', published in 1910, is now in the [[public domain]] and is widely reproduced online. References to [[case law]] are out-of-date, and that edition of the dictionary omits legal terms that have since come into use and does not reflect contemporary changes in how legal terms are used.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Whisner |first1=Mary |title=Dictionaries Make Strange Bedfellows |journal=Language of the Law |date=20 February 2009 |pages=93–108}}</ref>

==Bibliography==
*''Black's Law Dictionary'' 12th ed. ([[West Group]], 2024), [[Bryan A. Garner]], editor, {{ISBN|979-8-35029089-9}}
*''Black's Law Dictionary'' 11th ed. ([[West Group]], 2019), [[Bryan A. Garner]], editor, {{ISBN|978-1-5392-2975-9}}
*''Black's Law Dictionary'' 10th ed. (West Group, 2014), [[Bryan A. Garner]], editor, {{ISBN|978-0-314-61300-4}}
* ''Black's Law Dictionary'' 9th ed. (West Group, 2009), [[Bryan A. Garner]], editor, {{ISBN|0-314-19949-7}}
* ''Black's Law Dictionary'' 8th ed. (West Group, 2004), [[Bryan A. Garner]], editor, {{ISBN|0-314-15199-0}}
* ''Black's Law Dictionary'' 7th ed. (West Group, 1999), [[Bryan A. Garner]], editor, {{ISBN|0-314-22864-0}}
* ''Black's Law Dictionary'' 6th ed. (West Publishing, 1990) {{ISBN|90-6544-631-1}}
* ''Black's Law Dictionary'' 5th ed. (West Publishing, 1979) {{ISBN|0-8299-2041-2}}
* ''Black's Law Dictionary'' Revised 4th ed. (St. Paul: West, 1968)
* ''Black's Law Dictionary'' 4th ed. (St. Paul: West, 1951)
* ''Black's Law Dictionary'' 3rd ed. (West Publishing Co., 1933) (the first edition after Henry C. Black's death)
* ''A Law Dictionary'' 2nd ed. (St. Paul, Minn.: West Publishing, 1910) {{ISBN|1-886363-10-2}}. [https://books.google.com/books?id=R2c8AAAAIAAJ Public domain] (accessible for free through [[Google Books]])
* ''A Dictionary of Law'' 1st ed. (St. Paul, Minn.: West Publishing, 1891) {{ISBN|0-9630106-0-3}}

===Pocket editions===
<!-- * ''Black's Law Dictionary'' 5th pocket ed. (West Group, 2014), [[Bryan A. Garner]], editor,  -->
* ''Black's Law Dictionary'' 6th pocket ed. (West Group, 2021), [[Bryan A. Garner]], editor, {{ISBN|9781731931610}}
* ''Black's Law Dictionary'' 5th pocket ed. (West Group, 2016), [[Bryan A. Garner]], editor, {{ISBN|0-314-84489-9}}
* ''Black's Law Dictionary'' 4th pocket ed. (West Group, 2011), [[Bryan A. Garner]], editor, {{ISBN|0-314-27544-4}}
* ''Black's Law Dictionary'' 3rd pocket ed. (West Group, 2006), [[Bryan A. Garner]], editor, {{ISBN|0-314-15862-6}}
* ''Black's Law Dictionary'' 2nd pocket ed. (West Group, 2001), [[Bryan A. Garner]], editor, {{ISBN|0-314-25791-8}}
* ''Black's Law Dictionary'' 1st pocket ed. (West Group, 1996), [[Bryan A. Garner]], editor, {{ISBN|0-314-06690-X}}

===Non-English editions===
* ''Blackův právnický slovník''. Complete translation of 6th edition into Czech. Victoria Publishing, Prague, 1993. {{ISBN|80-85605-23-6}}.
* Āqāʼī, Bahman. ''Farhang-i ḥuqūqī-i Bahman: Ingilīsī-Fārsī: bar asās-i Black's law dictionary'' (1999)<ref>[https://archive.today/20120805202213/http://www2.lib.ncsu.edu/catalog/record/NCSU1542020 NCSU Libraries]</ref> (in Fārsī)
* Muqtadirah-yi Qaumī Zabān. ''Qānūnī, Angrezī-Urdu lug̲h̲at: Blaiks lāʼ dikshanarī se māk̲h̲ūz (Based on Black's law dictionary) / nigrān, Fatiḥ Muḥammad Malik'' (2002)<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://search1.library.utoronto.ca/UTL/index?Ntt=Black's+Law+Dictionary&Ntk=Title&Ntx=mode%2Bmatchallpartial&formName=search_form_simple&N=0&Nu=p_work_normalized&Np=1 |title=University of Toronto Library |access-date=2011-10-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120112195510/http://search1.library.utoronto.ca/UTL/index?Ntt=Black's+Law+Dictionary&Ntk=Title&Ntx=mode%2Bmatchallpartial&formName=search_form_simple&N=0&Nu=p_work_normalized&Np=1 |archive-date=2012-01-12 |url-status=dead }}</ref> {{ISBN|969-474-084-3}}. {{in lang|ur}}

==See also==
* ''[[Bouvier's Law Dictionary]]''
* [[Legal terminology textbook]]
* [[List of legal abbreviations]]
* [[Wex]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.worldcat.org/wcpa/servlet/org.oclc.lac.ui.EditionsServlet?oclcnum=44045815 WorldCat listing for all nine editions]
* [http://worldcat.org/oclc/52593933&referer=brief_results Libraries with the Urdu edition]
* [http://worldcat.org/oclc/52992657&referer=brief_results Libraries with the Persian edition]
* [https://archive.org/details/BlacksLaw2dEd ''Black's Law Dictionary'', 2nd Edition (1910)] at the Internet Archive
[[Category:West (publisher)]]
[[Category:1891 non-fiction books]]
[[Category:Law dictionaries]]