Editing Bergen, North Holland

{{Infobox settlement
<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->
<!-- Name and transliteration -->
| name                    = Bergen
| settlement_type         = [[List of municipalities of the Netherlands|Municipality]]
<!-- Images, nickname, motto -->
| image_skyline           = Egmond aan Zee - Church B.jpg
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = [[Egmond aan Zee]] town centre
| image_flag              = Bergen (Noord-Holland) vlag.svg
| flag_size               = 100x67px
| flag_alt                = 
| image_shield            = Coat of arms of Bergen (North Holland).svg
| shield_size             = 100x80px
| shield_alt              = 
<!-- Maps, coordinates -->
| image_map               = Map - NL - Municipality code 0373 (2009).svg
| map_alt                 = Highlighted position of Bergen (NH) in a municipal map of North Holland
| map_caption             = Location in North Holland
| coordinates             = {{coord|52|40|N|4|43|E|region:NL|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name        = [[Netherlands]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[Provinces of the Netherlands|Province]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[North Holland]]
| government_footnotes    = <ref name="mayor_now">{{cite web
 |url = https://www.raadbergen-nh.nl/Bestuur/mevr-hetty-hafkamp
 |title = Mevr Hetty Hafkamp
 |trans-title = Mrs. Hetty Hafkamp
 |language = nl
 |publisher = Gemeente Bergen
 |access-date = 24 February 2014
 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140228070124/https://www.raadbergen-nh.nl/Bestuur/mevr-hetty-hafkamp
 |archive-date = 28 February 2014
 |url-status = dead
 }}</ref>
| governing_body          = [[Municipal council (Netherlands)|Municipal council]]
| leader_party            = [[Labour Party (Netherlands)|PvdA]]
| leader_title            = [[Burgemeester|Mayor]]
| leader_name             = Lars Voskuil
<!-- Geographic information -->
| unit_pref               = Metric
<!-- ALL fields with measurements have automatic unit conversion -->
<!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| area_footnotes          = <ref>{{Dutch municipality total area|dataref}}</ref>
<!-- square kilometers -->
| area_total_km2          = {{Dutch municipality total area|Bergen (NH)}}
| area_land_km2           = {{Dutch municipality land area|Bergen (NH)}}
| area_water_km2          = {{Dutch municipality water area|Bergen (NH)}}
| elevation_footnotes     = <ref name="AHN">{{cite web 
 |url = http://www.ahn.nl/postcodetool
 |title = Postcodetool for 1861KG
 |language = nl
 |author = <!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> 
 |work = Actueel Hoogtebestand Nederland
 |publisher = Het Waterschapshuis
 |access-date = 24 February 2014}}</ref>
| elevation_m             = 1
| elevation_max_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| elevation_max_m         =
| elevation_min_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| elevation_min_m         =
<!-- Population, demographics -->
| population_footnotes    = <ref>{{Dutch municipality population|dataref}}</ref>
| population_total        = {{Dutch municipality population|Bergen (NH)}}
| population_as_of        = {{MONTHNAME|{{Dutch municipality population|popbasemonth}}}} {{Dutch municipality population|popbaseyear}}
| population_density_km2  = {{Dutch municipality population density|Bergen (NH)}} <!-- For automatic calculation: auto-->
| population_demonym      = Bergenaar
<!-- Other information -->
| timezone               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset             = +1
| timezone_DST           = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        = [[Postal codes in the Netherlands|Postcode]]
| postal_code             = 1860–1873, 1930–1935
| area_code_type          = [[Telephone numbers in the Netherlands|Area code]]
| area_code               = 072
| website                 = {{URL|1=http://www.bergen-nh.nl}}
| footnotes               =
}}
'''Bergen''' ({{IPA|nl|ˈbɛrɣə(n)|-|383 Bergen.ogg}}) is a municipality and a town in the [[Netherlands]], in the province of [[North Holland]]. Its [[North Sea]] beaches and forests make it a popular destination for tourists. In 2001, the municipality was formed from a merger of the former municipalities of [[Egmond (municipality)|Egmond]], [[Schoorl]], and the smaller community of Bergen proper that had existed since 1811.

Since about 1900, Bergen has been the home of many painters, writers and architects. Some of the work of this "Bergen School" is on exhibit at Museum Kranenburgh. The neighbourhood of Park Meerwijk, constructed in 1915, is made up entirely of villas in [[Amsterdam School]] style. There are regular art fairs in Bergen, as well as an annual music festival (the Holland Music Sessions in August) and arts festival (the Kunsttiendaagse in October).

North of the town of Bergen are the Schoorlse Duinen, a nature area with the highest and widest dunes of the Netherlands, which reach about 59m (195&nbsp;ft) above sea level, and are more than {{convert|5|km|mi|abbr=on}} wide in some places.

Other points of interest in the municipality include the aquarium in the seaside village of [[Bergen aan Zee]], the Auto Union Museum in Bergen with a collection of [[classic car]]s, and the historical museums Het Sterkenhuis (Bergen) and Museum van Egmond ([[Egmond aan Zee]]).

The town of Bergen has been home to the [[European School, Bergen]], since 1963. In July 2021, the decision was made to move the school to [[Alkmaar]]. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.esbergen.eu/preliminary-decision-relocation-esb/|title = Preliminary decision relocation ESB &#124; European School of Bergen (NL)}}</ref>

==Population centres==
[[File:Gem-BergenNH-OpenTopo.jpg|thumb|Map of Bergen, June 2015]]
The municipality of Bergen consists of the following towns, villages and/or districts: Bergen, [[Aagtdorp]], [[Bergen aan Zee]], [[Bregtdorp]], [[Camperduin]], [[Catrijp]], [[Egmond aan den Hoef]], [[Egmond aan Zee]], [[Egmond-Binnen]], [[Groet]], [[Hargen]], [[Rinnegom]], [[Schoorl]], [[Schoorldam]] (partly), [[Wimmenum]].

==History==
[[File:Nordholland Bergen 2004 200001.jpg|thumb|The ''Ruinekerk'' church]]
The [[Egmond Abbey]], founded in the 10th century, became the most important cultural center of medieval Holland. The abbey was protected by the [[House of Egmond]], which eventually became a powerful noble family. The three towns of Egmond have also been mentioned since the 10th century. Both the Egmond Abbey and [[Egmond Castle]] in [[Egmond aan den Hoef]] were destroyed in 1573 on order of [[William the Silent]] during the [[Dutch Revolt]].
[[File:Kaart van de heerlijkheid Bergen Territorii Bergensis accuratissima descriptio (titel op object), RP-P-AO-9A-1.jpg|thumb|Map of Bergen. mid 1600s]]
The town of Bergen developed around a chapel and is mentioned as far back as the tenth century. An old local legend is the "Miracle of Bergen", which is said to have occurred during the [[St. Elizabeth's flood (1421)|St. Elisabeth's Flood]] of 1421. The story goes that the ''schout'' (sheriff) of Bergen found a chest containing [[Host (Holy Communion)|hosts]] (the thin wafers used in [[Holy Communion]]) from the church of [[Petten]] which had floated to Bergen during the flood. The seawater that penetrated the chest had turned into blood. There is also a second miracle story, thought to have occurred in 1422, whereby hosts turned into blood. On the site where the miracle of Bergen is said to have happened, a chapel was erected. Bergen became a place of pilgrimage, and [[Roman-Catholic]] processions were held at the site for centuries and continue today.

In the fifteenth century, the Ruïnekerk ("Ruined Church") was built on the site of the chapel and at the time was the largest of its kind in the province of North Holland. In 1574, during the [[Eighty Years War]] against [[Spain]], the church was looted and burned down by Dutch Protestants, but was later rebuilt to its current state.

In 1797, the [[Battle of Camperdown]], a major naval action between the British and [[Batavian Republic|Batavian]] (Dutch) fleets, was fought off the coast of [[Camperduin]], part of the municipality of Bergen. It was the most significant action between British and Dutch forces during the [[French Revolutionary Wars]] and resulted in a complete victory for the British, who captured 11 Dutch ships without losing any of their own. And in 1799, a British-Russian army invaded North-Holland. At Bergen, a battle with the [[France|French]]-Batavian armies took place on 19 September. The Russisch Monument in Bergen commemorates this [[Battle of Bergen (1799)|Battle of Bergen]].

Bergen was one of the main stations on the narrow-gauge railway between [[Alkmaar]] and Bergen aan Zee, which ran between 1905 and 1955. One of the locomotives which operated on this line, 'Bello' stood for many years in the town centre as a memorial, and is now preserved at the Museumstoomtram Hoorn - Medemblik.

== Local government ==
Since the [[2022 Dutch municipal elections|2022 election]] the municipal council of Bergen has been divided as follows:<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 March 2022 |title=Bergen municipal election 2022 |url=https://www.verkiezingsuitslagen.nl/verkiezingen/detail/GR20220316/731122 |access-date=30 January 2024|website=www.verkiezingsuitslagen.nl|language=nl}}</ref>

* ONS DORP – 5 seats
* KIES Lokaal – 4 seats
* [[People's Party for Freedom and Democracy|VVD]] – 3 seats
* [[Christian Democratic Appeal|CDA]] – 3 seats
* [[GroenLinks]] – 3 seats
* [[Democrats 66|D66]] – 2 seats
* [[Labour Party (Netherlands)|PvdA]] – 1 seat

== Notable people ==
[[File:Jan van Scorel by Anthonis Mor van Dashorst.jpg|125px|thumb|Jan van Scorel, 1560]]
[[File:Adriaan.vanDis.jpg|125px|thumb|Adriaan van Dis, 1983]]
* Saint [[Adalbert of Egmond]] (died ca. 710 in Egmond), Northumbrian Anglo-Saxon missionary
* [[Egmond family]] (1310 – 1574), one of the principal noble families of the [[County of Holland]]
* [[Arnold, Duke of Guelders]] (1410 in Egmond-Binnen – 1473), [[Duke of Guelders]] and [[Count of Zutphen]]
* [[Jan van Scorel]] (1495 in Schoorl – 1562), Dutch painter
* [[Pierre Gole]] (1620 in Bergen – 1684), cabinetmaker and designer
* [[Adriaan Roland Holst]] (1888 – 1976 in Bergen), writer and poet, lived in Bergen from 1918 
* [[Charley Toorop]] (1891 – 1955 in Bergen), painter and lithographer, lived in Bergen from 1932 
* [[Edgar Fernhout]] (1912 in Bergen – 1974), Dutch painter
* [[Simeon ten Holt]] (1923 in Bergen – 2012), Dutch contemporary classical composer
* [[Saskia Weishut-Snapper]] (born 1938), a Dutch fiber artist, grew up in Bergen
* [[Elly de Waard]] (born 1940 in Bergen), poet and music reviewer
* [[Adriaan van Dis]] (born 1946 in Bergen aan Zee), Dutch author
* [[Thé Lau]] (1952 in Bergen – 2015), Dutch musician and writer
* [[Saskia Noort]] (born 1967 in Bergen), Dutch crime-writer and freelance journalist
* [[Jan Roos (journalist)|Jan Roos]] (born 1977 in Bergen), journalist and politician
* [[Jim Bakkum]] (born 1987 in Egmond-Binnen), singer, actor, and TV personality <ref> [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1383969/ IMDb Database] retrieved 28 March 2020 </ref>
*[[Maan de Steenwinkel]] (born 1997 in Bergen), singer, winner of ''[[The Voice of Holland]]''
[[File:Marja Bak Wokke ED63474.jpg|125px|thumb|Marja Wokke, 2012]]
=== Sport ===
* [[Gerard du Prie]] (1937 in Egmond aan Zee – 2020), strongman and powerlifter
* [[Marja Wokke]] (born 1957 in Bergen), former marathon runner
* [[Kees van Wonderen]] (born 1969 in Bergen), retired Dutch footballer with 358 club caps
* [[Teun de Nooijer]] (born 1976 in Egmond aan den Hoef), field hockey play and multiple Olympic team medalist
* [[Martina Wegman]] (born 1989 in Schoorl), Dutch [[Canoe slalom|slalom canoeist]]

== Gallery ==
<gallery mode=packed>
File:Egmond aan Zee, the Voorstraat, view to the Nederlands Hervormde Kerk.jpg|Egmond aan Zee, the Voorstraat, view to the Nederlands Hervormde Kerk
File:Egmond-Binnen - luchtfoto 20191024-02.jpg|Egmond-Binnen
File:Breelaan 132, Bergen 01.jpg|Breelaan 132, Bergen
File:The beach of Hargen aan Zee (25797391648).jpg|The beach of Hargen aan Zee
</gallery>

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
*{{commons category-inline}}
*{{wikivoyage-inline|Bergen (North Holland)|Bergen, North Holland}}
*[http://www.bergen-nh.nl/ Official website]

{{Geographic location
 | Centre    = Bergen
 | North     = [[Schagen]]
 | East      = [[Dijk en Waard]]<br>[[Alkmaar]]<br>[[Heiloo]]
 | South     = [[Castricum]]
 | West      = ''[[North Sea]]''
}}
{{Dutch municipality Bergen, North Holland}}
{{North Holland Province}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Bergen, North Holland| ]]
[[Category:Municipalities of North Holland]]
[[Category:Populated places in North Holland]]