Editing Berenice I

{{Infobox royalty
| name         = Berenice I
| title        = [[Queen consort]] of [[Ancient Egypt|Egypt]]
| image        = Berenice I transp.png
| caption      = Berenice I from ''[[Promptuarii Iconum Insigniorum]]''
| reign        = 
| coronation   = 
| full name    = 
| predecessor  = 
| successor    = 
| spouse       = [[Philip (first husband of Berenice I of Egypt)|Philip]], a Macedonian nobleman <br /> [[Ptolemy I Soter]]
| issue        = '''With [[Philip (first husband of Berenice I of Egypt)|Philip]]:'''<br /> [[Magas of Cyrene|Magas]] King of Cyrene <br /> [[Antigone of Epirus|Antigone]] (later queen of Epirus)<br /> [[Theoxena of Syracuse|Theoxena]] <br /> '''With [[Ptolemy I Soter]]:''' <br />[[Arsinoe II]] <br /> [[Philotera]] <br /> [[Ptolemy II Philadelphus]]
| royal house  = 
| dynasty      = [[Ptolemaic dynasty|Ptolemaic]]
| father       = [[Magas of Macedon|Magas]]
| mother       = [[Antigone of Macedon|Antigone]]
| birth_date   = c. 340 BC
| birth_place  = Macedonia
| death_date   = between 279 and 268 BC
| death_place  = Egypt
| date of burial = 
| place of burial = 
}}

'''Berenice I''' ({{langx|grc|Βερενίκη}}; c. 340 BC – between 279 and 268 BC) was Queen of Egypt by marriage to [[Ptolemy I Soter]]. She became the second queen, after [[Eurydice of Egypt|Eurydice]], of the [[Ptolemaic dynasty]] of [[Ancient Egypt|Egypt]].

==Life==
===Family===
Berenice was originally from [[Eordaea]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Carney |first1=Elizabeth |title=Arsinoe of Egypt and Macedon |page=20 |quote= Intriguingly, thanks to Posidippus (AB 88), we now know that Berenice, like her second husband Ptolemy I, may have been from Eordaea too.}}</ref> She was the daughter of princess [[Antigone of Macedon]], and an obscure local, a [[Macedonia (ancient kingdom)|Macedonian]] nobleman called [[Magas of Macedon|Magas]].<ref name="tyndalehouse.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.tyndalehouse.com/egypt/ptolemies/berenice_i_fr.htm |title=Ptolemaic Dynasty -- Berenice I |access-date=2011-09-11 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111005211349/http://www.tyndalehouse.com/egypt/ptolemies/berenice_i_fr.htm |archive-date=2011-10-05 }}</ref>  Her maternal grandfather was a nobleman called [[Cassander (brother of Antipater)|Cassander]] who was the brother of [[Antipater]], the regent for Alexander's empire,<ref name="tyndalehouse.com"/> and through her mother was a relation to his family.

===First marriage===
In 325 BC, Berenice married an obscure local nobleman and military officer called [[Philip (first husband of Berenice I of Egypt)|Philip]].<ref name="tyndalehouse.com"/>  Philip was previously married and had other children.

Through her first marriage, she became the mother of King [[Magas of Cyrene]], [[Antigone of Epirus|Antigone]], who married King [[Pyrrhus of Epirus]]; and a daughter called [[Theoxena of Syracuse|Theoxena]].<ref name="tyndalehouse.com"/>

Magas dedicated an inscription to himself and his father, when he served as a priest of [[Apollo]].<ref name="livius.org">{{Cite web |url=https://www.livius.org/be-bm/berenice/berenice_i.html |title=Berenice I |access-date=2020-03-26 |archive-date=2016-03-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160317111031/http://www.livius.org/be-bm/berenice/berenice_i.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Pyrrhus gave her name to a new city called ''Berenicis''.

Philip died around 318 BC.

===Queen of Egypt===
[[File:Ptolemy I and Berenike I.jpg|thumb|right|Berenice I with her second husband [[Ptolemy I Soter]]]]
[[File:Ptolemaeus I&Berenike I.jpg|thumb|Portraits of Berenice I and Ptolemy I Soter on a golden octodrachm minted in Alexandria in c. 265 BC]]
After the death of her first husband, Berenice travelled to Egypt with her children as a lady-in-waiting for her mother's first cousin [[Eurydice of Egypt|Eurydice]] who was the wife of Ptolemy I. Ptolemy I was one of the generals of King [[Alexander the Great]] and founder of the [[Ptolemaic dynasty]] of [[Ancient Egypt]].

Berenice became involved in a relationship with Ptolemy I, who married her in 317 BC. Berenice became the mother of [[Arsinoe II]], [[Philotera]], and a son, [[Ptolemy II Philadelphus]].<ref name="livius.org"/>

Her son Ptolemy II was recognized as his father's heir in preference to Eurydice's children to Ptolemy I.

During his reign, Ptolemy II built a port on the [[Red Sea]] and named it [[Berenice Troglodytica|Berenice]] after his mother.

After she died, Ptolemy II and later [[Ptolemy IV Philopator]] decreed divine honors to her ([[Theocritus]], ''Idylls'' xv. and xvii.).<ref name="livius.org"/>

==Issue==
With her first spouse Philip, she became the mother of:<ref name="tyndalehouse.com"/>
* King [[Magas of Cyrene]]
* [[Antigone of Epirus|Antigone]], who married King [[Pyrrhus of Epirus]]
* [[Theoxena of Syracuse|Theoxena]]
With her second spouse Ptolemy I, she became the mother of:<ref name="livius.org"/>
* [[Arsinoe II]], who married first [[Lysimachus]], then her half-brother [[Ptolemy Keraunos]] and finally her full brother Ptolemy II.
* [[Philotera]] c.312-c.275 BC, deified.
* [[Ptolemy II Philadelphus]], Pharaoh of Egypt.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

*{{EB1911|wstitle=Berenice (princesses)|display=Berenice|volume=3|page=769}}

==Further reading==
*{{cite book | author=Waterfield, Robin |title=Dividing the Spoils: The War for Alexander the Great's Empire | location=New York | publisher= Oxford University Press| year=2011 | type = hardback | isbn=978-0-19-957392-9 | pages = 273 pages}}

{{Queens of Ancient Egypt}}
{{Ancient Olympic winners|state=collapsed}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Berenice 01 Of Egypt}}
[[Category:Queens consort of the Ptolemaic dynasty]]
[[Category:3rd-century BC Egyptian people]]
[[Category:4th-century BC Egyptian women]]
[[Category:3rd-century BC Egyptian women]]
[[Category:Ancient Greek sportspeople]]
[[Category:Sportswomen in antiquity]]
[[Category:Ancient Eordaeans]]
[[Category:African queen mothers]]
[[Category:Wives of Ptolemy I Soter]]