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{{short description|District in London, England}} {{about|the London district}} {{use British English|date=February 2017}} {{use dmy dates|date=March 2020}} {{Infobox UK place | country = England | region = London | static_image_name = 7.7.16 London Sunrise 18 (27829797181).jpg | static_image_caption = Peace Pagoda, Battersea Park | coordinates = {{coord|51.470|-0.164|display=inline,title}} | population = 73,345 | population_ref = ([[United Kingdom Census 2011|2011 census]]) | os_grid_reference = TQ2776 | post_town = LONDON | postcode_area = SW | postcode_district = SW8, SW11 | london_borough = Wandsworth | dial_code = 020 | constituency_westminster = [[Battersea (UK Parliament constituency)|Battersea]] }} '''Battersea''' is a large district in south-west [[London]], part of the [[London Borough of Wandsworth]], England. It is centred {{convert|3.5|mi|km|1}} south-west of [[Charing Cross]] and also extends along the south bank of the [[Thames Tideway]]. It includes the {{convert|200|acre|km2|adj=on}} [[Battersea Park]]. ==History== {{see also|History of London|Hundred of Brixton}} Battersea is mentioned in the few surviving [[Anglo-Saxon]] geographical accounts as {{langx|ang|Badrices īeg|lit=Badric's Island|label=none}} and later {{langx|ang|Patrisey}}. As with many former parishes beside tidal flood plains, the lowest land was reclaimed for agriculture by draining marshland and building culverts for streams. By the side of this was the [[River Heathwall|Heathwall]] [[tide mill]] in the north-east, with a very long mill pond regularly draining and filling to the south. Battersea ({{langx|enm|Patricesy}}) appears in the [[Domesday Book]] of 1086 in Surrey within the [[Hundred (county division)|hundred]] of [[Hundred_of_Brixton|Brixton]] ({{langx|enm|Bricsistan}}) as a vast manor held by [[St Peter's Abbey, Westminster]].<ref>[https://opendomesday.org/place/TQ2676/battersea/ Battersea]. Open Domesday. Accessed 19 March 2025.</ref> Its ''Domesday'' assets were: 18 [[hide (unit)|hide]]s and 17 [[ploughland]]s of cultivated land; 7 [[gristmill|mill]]s worth £42 9s 8d per year, {{convert|82|acre}} of [[meadow]], [[woodland]] worth 50 [[hog (swine)|hog]]s. It rendered (in total): £75 9s 8d. Price inflation was close to zero in the 11th and 12th centuries, so netting an annual income of £75 9s 8d would be {{Inflation|UK|75.48333|1209|r=-3|fmt=eq|cursign=£}}.<ref>[http://www.gwp.enta.net/surrnames.htm ''Domesday Book'' for Surrey] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071030192829/http://www.gwp.enta.net/surrnames.htm |date=30 October 2007 }}</ref> The present church, which was completed in 1777, hosted the marriage of [[William Blake]] and [[Catherine Blake|Catherine Boucher]] in 1782. [[Benedict Arnold]], his wife [[Peggy Shippen]] and their daughter were buried in the [[crypt]] of the church. [[Battersea Park]], a {{convert|200|acre|km2|adj=on}} northern rectangle by the Thames, was landscaped and founded for public use in 1858.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tipped.co.uk/listings/224731/battersea-park |title=Battersea Park – Battersea Park Battersea London SW11 4NJ |publisher=Tipped |date=27 October 2008 |access-date=30 April 2013}}</ref> Amenities and leisure buildings have been added to it since. Until 1889, the parish of Battersea was part of the county of [[Surrey]]. In that year a new [[County of London]] came into being and the parish was made part of it. ===Agriculture=== Before the [[Industrial Revolution]], much of the large parish was farmland, providing food for the [[City of London]] and surrounding population centres; and with particular specialisms, such as growing [[lavender]] on [[Lavender Hill]] (nowadays denoted by the road of the same name), [[asparagus]] (sold as "Battersea Bundles") or pig breeding on Pig Hill (later the site of the [[Shaftesbury Park Estate]]). At the end of the 18th century, above {{convert|300|acre|km2}} of land in the parish of Battersea were occupied by some 20 market gardeners, who rented from five to near {{convert|60|acre|ha}} each.<ref>[http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=45371 'Battersea', The Environs of London: volume 1: County of Surrey] (1792), pp. 26–48.<!--Date accessed: 27 February 2009.--></ref> Villages in the wider area: Wandsworth, Earlsfield (hamlet of Garratt), Tooting, Balham – were separated by fields; in common with other suburbs the wealthy of London and the traditional manor successors built their homes in Battersea and neighbouring areas.<ref name=vh>{{cite web |url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=43025 |title=Parishes: Battersea with Penge |editor=H.E. Malden |publisher=Institute of Historical Research |date=1912 |work=A History of the County of Surrey: Volume 4 |access-date=4 November 2014 }}</ref> ===Industry=== [[File:Battersea power station 2.jpg|thumb|right|upright|[[Battersea Power Station]]]] Industry in the area was concentrated to the northwest just outside the Battersea-Wandsworth boundary, at the confluence of the River Thames and the [[River Wandle]], which gave rise to the village of [[Wandsworth]]. This was settled from the 16th century by [[Protestant]] craftsmen – [[Huguenot]]s – fleeing religious persecution in Europe, who planted lavender and gardens and established a range of industries such as mills, breweries and dyeing, bleaching and [[calico]] printing.<ref name=vh/> Industry developed eastwards along the bank of the Thames during the [[Industrial Revolution]] from the 1750s onwards; the Thames provided water for transport, for steam engines and for water-intensive industrial processes. Bridges erected across the Thames encouraged growth; [[Putney Bridge]], a mile to the west, was built in 1729 and rebuilt 1882, and [[Battersea Bridge]] in the centre of the north boundary in 1771. Inland from the river, the rural agricultural community persisted.<ref name=vh/> Along the Thames, a number of large and, in their field, pre-eminent firms grew; notably the [[Morgan Crucible]] company, which survives to this day and is listed on the [[London Stock Exchange]]; Price's Candles, which also made cycle lamp oil; oil refiner and paint manufacturer [[S. Bowley and Son]]; and Orlando Jones' Starch Factory. The 1874 [[Ordnance Survey]] map of the area shows the following factories, in order, from the site of the as yet unbuilt Wandsworth Bridge to Battersea Park: Starch manufacturer; Silk manufacturer; (St. John's College); (St. Mary's Church); Malt house; Corn mill; Oil and grease works (Prices Candles); Chemical works; Plumbago Crucible works (later the [[Morgan Crucible|Morgan Crucible Company]]); Chemical works; Saltpetre works; Foundry. Between these were numerous wharfs for shipping. In 1929, construction started on [[Battersea Power Station]], being completed in 1939. From the late 18th century to comparatively recent times,{{as of?|date=April 2023}} Battersea was established as an industrial area with all of the issues associated with pollution and poor housing affecting it.{{citation needed|date=December 2023}} Industry declined and moved away from the area in the 1970s; local government sought to address chronic post-war housing problems with large scale clearances and the establishment of planned housing. Some decades after the end of large scale local industry,{{when|date=April 2023}} resurgent demand among magnates and high income earners for parkside and riverside property close to planned Underground links has led to significant construction, {{citation needed|date=May 2023}} Factories have been demolished and replaced with modern apartment buildings. Some of the council owned properties have been sold off and several traditional working men's pubs have become more fashionable bistros. Battersea neighbourhoods close to the railway have some of the most deprived local authority housing in the Borough of Wandsworth, in an area which saw condemned slums after their erection in the Victoria era.<ref>[http://booth.lse.ac.uk/cgi-bin/do.pl?sub=view_booth_and_barth&m.l=3&m.d.l=0&m.p.x=5679&m.p.y=10057&m.p.w=500&m.p.h=309&m.p.l=1&m.t.w=128&m.t.h=80&b.v.x=265&b.v.y=110&b.p.x=9042&b.p.y=14930&b.p.w=500&b.p.h=309&b.p.l=2&b.p.p.l=5 Booth's Poverty Map] [[London School of Economics]] archive. Retrieved 4 November 2014</ref> ===Railway age=== [[File:London V2 Frissell2.jpg|right|thumb|Aftermath of a [[V-2]] bombing at Battersea, 27 January 1945]] Battersea was radically altered by the coming of railways. The [[London and Southampton Railway]] Company engineered their railway line from east to west through Battersea, in 1838, terminating at the original [[Nine Elms railway station]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.scienceandsociety.co.uk/results.asp?image=10301565&wwwflag=2&imagepos=4|title=Image of nine elms station, london, 1838-1848. by Science & Society Picture Library|website=www.scienceandsociety.co.uk}}</ref> at the north-east tip of the area. Over the next 22 years five other lines were built, which continue to carry all of the trains to and from London's [[London Waterloo station|Waterloo]] and [[London Victoria station|Victoria]] termini. An interchange station was built in 1863 towards the north-west of the area, at a junction of the railway. Taking the name of a fashionable village a mile and more away, the station was named '[[Clapham Junction railway station|Clapham Junction]]':<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.yourlocalguardian.co.uk/news/13780930.is-clapham-junction-in-clapham-or-battersea/|title=Why is Clapham Junction not in Clapham?|website=Your Local Guardian|date=24 September 2015 }}</ref> a campaign to rename it ''Battersea Junction'' fizzled out as late as the early twentieth century. During the latter decades of the nineteenth century, Battersea had developed into a major town railway centre with two locomotive works at [[Nine Elms Locomotive Works|Nine Elms]] and [[Longhedge Railway Works (Battersea)|Longhedge]] and three important motive power depots (Nine Elms, Stewarts Lane and Battersea) all in an initial pocket of north Battersea. The effect was precipitate: a population of 6,000 people in 1840 was increased to 168,000 by 1910; and save for the green spaces of [[Battersea Park]], [[Clapham Common]], [[Wandsworth Common]] and some smaller isolated pockets, all other farmland was built over, with, from north to south, industrial buildings and vast railway sheds and sidings (much of which remain), slum housing for workers, especially north of the main east–west railway, and gradually more genteel residential terraced housing further south. The railway station encouraged the government to site its buildings in the area surrounding [[Clapham Junction (area)|Clapham Junction]], where a cluster of new civic buildings including the town hall, library, police station, court and post office was developed along [[Lavender Hill]] in the 1880s and 1890s. The [[Arding & Hobbs]] department store, diagonally opposite the station, was the largest of its type at the time of its construction in 1885; and the streets near the station developed as a regional shopping district. The area was served by a vast music hall{{snd}}The Grand{{snd}}opposite the station (nowadays serving as a nightclub and venue for smaller bands) as well as a large theatre next to the town hall (the Shakespeare Theatre, later redeveloped following bomb damage). All this building around the station shifted the focus of the area southwards, and marginalised Battersea High Street (the main street of the original village) into no more than an extension of Falcon Road.{{citation needed|date=December 2023}} ===Social housing estates=== [[File:Not really built of Lego...... - geograph.org.uk - 183398.jpg|thumb|Doddington and Rollo Estate.]] Battersea has a long and varied history of social housing, and the completion of the [[Shaftesbury Park Estate]] in 1877 was one of the earliest in London or the UK. Additionally, the development of the [[Latchmere Estate]] in 1903 was notable both for [[John Burns]]' involvement and for being the first estate directly built by a council's own workforce and therefore the first true "council estate". Indeed, both of these earlier estates have since been recognised as [[conservation area (United Kingdom)|conservation area]]s due to their historical and architectural significance and are protected from redevelopment.<ref>{{cite web |title=Latchmere Estate Conservation Area |url=https://www.wandsworth.gov.uk/media/1604/latchmereplusappraisalplusms.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200606113209/https://www.wandsworth.gov.uk/media/1604/latchmereplusappraisalplusms.pdf |archive-date=2020-06-06 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Shaftsebury Park Estate Conservation Area |url=https://www.wandsworth.gov.uk/planning-and-building-control/permitted-development-and-article-4-directions/article-4-directions/shaftesbury-park-estate-conservation-area/}}</ref> Battersea also has a large area of mid-20th century public housing estates, almost all located north of the main railway lines and spanning from [[Fairfield (Wandsworth ward)|Fairfield]] in the west to Queenstown in the east.<ref>[http://www.wandsworth-pct.nhs.uk/pdf/public%20health/reports/locality%20Merged%20profiles.pdf Battersea Profile] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080229080650/http://www.wandsworth-pct.nhs.uk/pdf/public%20health/reports/locality%20Merged%20profiles.pdf |date=29 February 2008}}, from Wandsworth Primary Care Trust, citing Census 2001</ref> There are four particularly large estates. The [[Winstanley Estate]], perhaps being the most renowned of them all, is known as being the birthplace to the garage collective [[So Solid Crew]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/london/london-housing-estate-where-so-solid-crew-formed-set-for-demolition-9141056.html|title=London housing estate where So Solid Crew formed set for demolition|author=Mark Blunden|date=20 February 2014|work=London Evening Standard}}</ref> Winstanley is close to Clapham Junction railway station in the northern perimeter of Battersea, and is currently being considered for comprehensive redevelopment as one of the London Mayor's new Housing Zones.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.london.gov.uk/media/mayor-press-releases/2015/02/mayor-names-londons-first-housing-zones|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151025003341/https://www.london.gov.uk/media/mayor-press-releases/2015/02/mayor-names-londons-first-housing-zones|title=Mayor names London's first Housing Zones – Clapham Junction to Battersea Riverside zone|archive-date=25 October 2015}}</ref> Further north towards Chelsea is the [[Surrey Lane Estate]], and on Battersea Park Road is the Doddington and Rollo Estate. East, toward Vauxhall, is the [[Patmore Estate]] which is in close proximity to the Battersea Power Station. Other smaller estates include: York Road (see [[Winstanley Estate]]), Ashley Crescent, Badric Court, Carey Gardens, Chatham Road, Ethelburga, Falcon Road, Gideon Road, Honeywell Road, Kambala, Peabody, Robertson Street, Savona, Somerset, Wilditch and Wynter Street.{{citation needed|date=December 2023}} ===World War I: The Battersea Battalion=== {{main|10th (Service) Battalion, Queen's (Royal West Surrey Regiment) (Battersea)}} On the outbreak of [[World War I]] in August 1914 [[Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener|Earl Kitchener of Khartoum]], issued his famous call to arms: 'Your King and Country Need You'. But the flood of volunteers overwhelmed the ability of the Army to absorb them, and units began to be raised by local initiative rather than at regimental depots, often from men from particular localities or backgrounds who wished to serve together: these were known as '[[Pals battalions]]'. The 'Pals' phenomenon quickly spread across the country, as local recruiting committees offered complete units. Encouraged by this response, Kitchener approached the 28 [[Metropolitan boroughs of the County of London]], and the 'Great Metropolitan Recruiting Campaign' went ahead in April 1915, with each mayor asked to raise a unit of local men.<ref name = McCue>Paul McCue, ''Wandsworth and Battersea Battalions in the Great War, 1915–1918'', Barnsley: Pen & Sword, 2010, ISBN 978-1-84884194-9, pp. 10–1, 165–240.</ref> One such unit was raised on 3 June 1915 by the [[Metropolitan Borough of Battersea|Mayor and Borough of Battersea]] as the [[10th (Service) Battalion, Queen's (Royal West Surrey Regiment) (Battersea)]]. (Although Battersea was by then in the County of London, the [[Queen's (Royal West Surrey Regiment)]] was still the [[British Army|Regular Army]] regiment covering South London, while the [[London Regiment (1908–1938)|London Regiment]], including the [[23rd (County of London) Battalion, London Regiment|23rd Battalion]] based at Clapham Junction, consisted entirely of part-time soldiers of the [[Territorial Force]] (TF).)<ref name = McCue/><ref name = Wylly>Colonel H.C. Wylly, ''History of the Queen's Royal (West Surrey) Regiment in the Great War'', Aldershot: Gale & Polden, 1925/Uckfield, Naval & Military Press, 2003, ISBN 978-1-84342539-7, pp. 252–66.</ref> The Battersea Battalion served alongside Pals battalions from [[Lambeth]] (11th Queens), [[Bermondsey]] (12th [[East Surrey Regiment|East Surreys]]) and [[Lewisham]] (10th [[Queen's Own Royal West Kent Regiment|West Kents]]) in [[41st Division (United Kingdom)|41st Division]] on the [[Western Front (World War I)|Western Front]], including the battles of the [[Battle of the Somme|Somme]], [[Battle of Messines (1917)|Messines]], and [[Battle of Passchendaele|Ypres]], on the [[Italian front (World War I)|Italian Front]], and then back in the west against the [[German spring offensive]] and in the final victorious [[Hundred Days Offensive]]. The Battersea Battalion was kept up to strength with dismounted cavalrymen from the [[Surrey Yeomanry]] (TF), based at [[Clapham Park]]. After the [[Armistice with Germany|Armistice]] it took part in the [[Occupation of the Rhineland]] and was finally disbanded in 1920.<ref name = McCue/><ref name = Wylly/> ==Governance== {{See also|History of local government in London}} [[File:Batterseaarms.PNG|thumb|250px|Arms granted to the [[Metropolitan Borough of Battersea]] in 1955]] [[File:Battersea Met. B Ward Map 1916.svg|thumb|250px|A map showing the wards of Battersea Metropolitan Borough as they appeared in 1916.]] {{Annotated image | image = SW_postcode_area_map.svg | image-width = 600 | image-left = -270 | image-top = -100 | width = 240 | height = 250 | float = right | annotations = <!-- empty or not, this must be included --> | caption = A traditional, such as Metropolitan Borough scope of Battersea is slightly exceeded by SW8 and SW11 postcodes }} The tradition of local government in England was based in part of [[Manorialism|Manor]], and later on the [[Parish]]. Battersea's governance can be traced back to 693, when the manor was held by the nunnery of St. Mary at [[Barking Abbey]]. After the [[Norman conquest of England|Norman Conquest]] of 1066, control of the manor passed to [[Westminster Abbey]], ending at the time of the [[Dissolution of the Monasteries]] in 1540. Battersea was one of only three of the Abbey's [[demesne]] directly supervised by monks, rather than being let to tenants. Local control rested with an officer appointed by the abbey, variously termed a [[beadle]], [[reeve (England)|reeve]] or [[Serjeanty|sergeant]], whose responsibility it was supervise the farm servants of the manor, and to enforce and direct customary work performed by manorial tenants.<ref name="SoL49">{{cite book|title=Survey of London - Battersea: Public, Commercial and Cultural|editor-first=Andrew |editor-last=Saint |date=2013 |publisher=Yale University Press |isbn=978-0-300-19616-0|chapter=1|pages=1–51|chapter-url=https://www.ucl.ac.uk/bartlett/architecture/sites/bartlett/files/49_introduction.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190426023424/https://www.ucl.ac.uk/bartlett/architecture/sites/bartlett/files/49_introduction.pdf |archive-date=2019-04-26 |url-status=live}}</ref> After 1540, [[the Crown]] assumed ownership of the manor, and let it on short leases to a succession of individuals, until in about 1590 it came into the hands of the St. John family of [[Lydiard Tregoze]] in Wiltshire, who later became the St John Baronets of Lydiard Tregoze and ultimately the [[Viscount Bolingbroke|Viscounts Bolingbroke]]. Bolingbrokes exercised control of the manor for some 173 years, showing varying levels of interest and competence in running the estate's affairs, until in 1763 the disastrously dissolute [[Frederick St John, 2nd Viscount Bolingbroke]] sold the manor to help to settle his many debts. Battersea now passed into the [[Earl Spencer (peerage)|Spencer family]] - [[John Spencer, 1st Earl Spencer]] being related to Frederick's wife.<ref name="SoL49"/> The Survey of London identified the period of Frederick's tenure with the development of the [[Vestry]] in Battersea; absent a competent lord of the manor, this local secular and ecclesiastical government took it upon itself to establish a [[workhouse]] in 1733, and met monthly from 1742.<ref name="SoL49"/> The period of Spencer ownership of the manor saw important land ownership changes introduced to the area. The family had many estates, such as at [[Althorp]] in Northamptonshire and [[Wiseton]] in Nottinghamshire. Locally, their interests were concentrated on [[Wimbledon, London|Wimbledon]]. During their tenure, large tracts of land were sold, notably around 1761, and from 1835 to 1838, leading to the development of a plurality of smaller estates, which had implications for the later development of the area.<ref name="SoL49"/> The scope of governance throughout this period was relatively slight. Lords of the manor were responsible for church appointments and maintenance of the fabric of the church; for drainage, and for the direction of the duties of the manor's tenants. From time to time work was done under manorial direction on the Thames foreshore; and a Spencer was responsible for the construction of first local bridge across the Thames, [[Battersea Bridge]] from 1771 to 1772. And albeit Battersea saw some slow change over the first seven centuries of the second millennium, it was not until a later period that an imperative for greater local government arose.<ref name="SoL49"/> The vestry of Battersea continued to increase in importance from 1742, notably concerning itself with [[Poor relief|Poor Law]] administration and drainage. Responsibility for the latter was removed from the vestry in 1855 with the establishment of Metropolitan Boards of Work under the [[Metropolis Management Act 1855]]; a Metropolitan Board concerned itself with cross-London drainage and sewerage, whilst a local Wandsworth Metropolitan Board assumed responsibility for minor sewers and the connection of houses to sewerage systems. It was during the tenure of the Wandsworth board that much of Battersea was developed; but such was the pace of development in Battersea that by 1887 it had a population sufficient to win the case for renewed local autonomy under the Metropolis Management (Battersea and Westminster) Act of 1887. The Battersea vestry continued through to 1899, when it became the [[Metropolitan Borough of Battersea]] as a result of the [[London Government Act 1899]].<ref name="SoL49"/> In 1965, the Metropolitan Borough of Battersea was combined with the neighbouring [[Metropolitan Borough of Wandsworth]] to form the [[London Borough of Wandsworth]]. The former [[Battersea Town Hall]], opened in 1893, is now the [[Battersea Arts Centre]]. In the period from 1880 onwards, Battersea was known as a centre of radical politics in the United Kingdom. [[John Burns]] founded a branch of the [[Social Democratic Federation]], Britain's first organised socialist political party, in the borough and after the turmoil of dock strikes affecting the populace of north Battersea, was elected to represent the borough in the newly formed [[London County Council]]. In 1892, he expanded his role, being elected to Parliament for Battersea North as one of the first [[Independent Labour Party]] members of Parliament. Battersea's radical reputation gave rise to the [[Brown Dog affair]], when in 1904 the National Anti-Vivisection Society sought permission to erect a drinking fountain celebrating the life of a dog killed by [[vivisection]]. The fountain, forming a plinth for the statue of a brown dog, was installed in the [[Latchmere Recreation Ground, Battersea|Latchmere Recreation Ground]], became a cause célèbre, fought over in riots and battles between medical students and the local populace until its removal in 1910. The borough elected the first black mayor<ref name="Roberts"/> in London in 1913 when [[John Archer (British politician)|John Archer]] took office, and in 1922 elected the [[Bombay]]-born [[Communist Party of Great Britain|Communist Party]] member [[Shapurji Saklatvala]] as MP for Battersea; one of only two communist members of Parliament.<ref name="Roberts"/> Battersea is currently divided into five Wandsworth wards. The Member of Parliament for the [[Battersea (UK Parliament constituency)|Battersea constituency]] since 8 June 2017 has been Labour MP [[Marsha de Cordova]]. ==Geography== Battersea is on the curved south bank of the [[River Thames]].<ref name=map>[http://www.british-history.ac.uk/image.aspx?compid=43023&filename=fig1.gif&pubid=304 Map] [[Victoria County History]], London, H.E. Malden (Ed), 1911</ref> ===Riverside=== Battersea's northern limit is thus the [[Tideway]], the Thames below [[Teddington]]. Battersea's riverside is just over {{convert|3|mi}} long. Immediately to the west is [[Wandsworth Town]]. To the north-east are [[Vauxhall]] and then [[Lambeth]], including [[Waterloo, London|Waterloo]]. ===Other boundaries=== Battersea at one end of its riverside has a western corner at a point 350 metres east-north-east of [[Wandsworth Bridge]] and Battersea tapers [[boxing the compass|SSE]] to almost a point, roughly {{convert|3|mi|km|spell=in}} from Battersea's northeastern corner – but {{convert|2|mi|km|spell=in}} from the western corner. ===Neighbouring districts=== To the east are [[South Lambeth]] and [[Stockwell]]; to the south is [[Balham]]; to the south-east is [[Clapham]]; and to the west is [[Wandsworth Town]], south of which is [[Wandsworth]]. Two large neighbourhoods within the larger Battersea are: * [[Clapham Junction (area)|Clapham Junction]] (the central and most commercial part of Battersea),<ref>[http://www.yourlocalguardian.co.uk/news/13780930.Why_is_Clapham_Junction_not_in_Clapham_/ Is Clapham Junction in Clapham or Battersea?] ''Your Local Guardian'' 23 September 2015</ref> * [[Nine Elms]] (to the north-east, east of [[Battersea Park]]) ==Crime== Some parts of Battersea have become known for drug-dealing. The [[Winstanley Estate|Winstanley and York Road]] council estates have developed a reputation for such offences and were included in a zero-tolerance drug exclusion zone in 2007.<ref name="independent">[https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/special-report-class-b-for-battersea-5328349.html 'Battersea', Special report: Class B for Battersea] (2007), pp.1.</ref> ==Demography== {{as of|2011}}, Battersea had a population of 73,345.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hidden-london.com/gazetteer/battersea/|title=Battersea – Hidden London}}</ref> The district was 52.2% of [[White British]] origin,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ukcensusdata.com/wandsworth-e09000032#sthash.HUiTIMVM.dpbs|title=Wandsworth|author=Good Stuff IT Services|work=UK Census Data}}</ref> as against an average for Wandsworth of 53.3%. ==Landmarks== [[File:Battersea Dogs and Cats Home - geograph.org.uk - 727844.jpg|thumb|right|230px|Battersea Dogs home (with gasworks alongside)]] [[File:Clapham Junction South London.JPG|thumb|230px|Clapham Junction station, Battersea]] [[File:Asda and Boots, Battersea - geograph.org.uk - 607911.jpg|thumb|230px|Large Asda supermarket next to and visible from Clapham Junction Railway Station]] [[File:London Heliport - Battersea - London - 2 helicopters awaiting takeoff - evening - 030604.jpg|thumb|230px|London Heliport, Battersea]] Within the bounds of modern Battersea are (from east to west): *[[New Covent Garden Market]], a major fruit and vegetable wholesale market, resited from [[Covent Garden]] in 1974. (Also considered by many to be in [[Nine Elms]]). *[[Battersea Power Station]], an iconic edifice designed by [[Giles Gilbert Scott|Sir Giles Gilbert Scott]], built between 1929 and 1939 (featured, with flying pig, on the sleeve art of [[Pink Floyd]]'s album ''[[Animals (Pink Floyd album)|Animals]]''). Since 2021, the power station's disused shell has housed a mass entertainments and commercial complex, with dedicated transport links provided by [[Battersea Power Station tube station]], which terminates an extension of the [[Northern line]] from [[Kennington]] via [[Nine Elms tube station]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tfl.gov.uk/travel-information/improvements-and-projects/northern-line-extension?cid=fs173#on-this-page-3|title=Northern line extension|work=tfl.gov.uk}}</ref> *[[Battersea Dogs and Cats Home]], formerly ''Battersea Dogs Home'' and prior to that the ''Temporary Home for Lost and Starving Dogs'', established in [[Holloway, London|Holloway]] in 1860 and moved to Battersea in 1871. It is the United Kingdom's most famous refuge for stray dogs. Also the main location for ITV 1's ''[[Paul O'Grady: For the Love of Dogs]]''<ref name="Roberts">Chris Roberts, Heavy Words Lightly Thrown: The Reason Behind Rhyme, Thorndike Press,2006 ({{ISBN|0-7862-8517-6}})</ref> *[[Battersea Park]], a 200-acre green space laid out by Sir [[James Pennethorne]] between 1846 and 1864 and opened in 1858, and home to a [[zoo]] and the London [[Peace Pagoda]]. *[[Shaftesbury Park Estate]], conservation area consisting of over a thousand Victorian houses preserved in their original style. *[[Battersea Arts Centre]], in the former Battersea [[Seat of local government|Town Hall]] *[[Northcote Road]], a bustling and famous local shopping street with its own market at the centre of the so-called [[Nappy Valley]]. * Clapham Junction railway station, by at least one measure – passenger interchanges<ref>Delta Rail, [http://www.rail-reg.gov.uk/server/show/nav.1529 2008–09 station usage report] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120704101059/http://www.rail-reg.gov.uk/server/show/nav.1529 |date=4 July 2012 }}, Office of the Rail Regulation website</ref>— the busiest station in the United Kingdom and named after the neighbouring town of [[Clapham]] although it lies in the geographic heart of Battersea, SW11. *[[Arding & Hobbs]] building, completed in 1912, occupied by [[TK Maxx]] and [[Debenhams]] until the latter's dissolution in June 2021. As of December 2022, the Grade II listed building was undergoing renovation back to its 1920s glory by its owner, the commercial property specialists W.RE, which held extensive consultation with local people in 2020. *Large [[Asda]] supermarket, adjacent to Clapham Junction station. *[[92 St John's Hill]], Grade II listed building. *[[St Mary's Church, Battersea]]. [[Benedict Arnold]] is buried here. Four stained glass windows celebrate Arnold, [[William Blake]], [[William Curtis]] and [[J. M. W. Turner]]. *[[Sir Walter St John's School]], now Thomas's day school, was founded in 1700. Parts of the present building date back to 1859. *[[Royal Academy of Dance]], containing several studios and associated with the [[University of Surrey]]. *The [[London Heliport]], London's busiest [[heliport]], sited on the Thames a half-mile north of Clapham Junction station. *[[Price's Candles]] on York Road, was the largest manufacturers of candles in the UK; now it has been converted into office space from which [[Hanne & Co]] Solicitors firm operates.{{citation needed|date=December 2023}} *[[Newton Preparatory School]], in an Edwardian building (with modern extension) formerly occupied by [[Clapham College]], Notre Dame School and Raywood Street School. *[[Falconbrook Primary School]], resides in a large Victorian building, situated in the [[Winstanley Estate]], Battersea. ==Transport== === National Rail === Battersea is served by three stations, all of which are in [[Oyster card|London Travelcard Zone 2]]: ==== Battersea Park ==== {{rws|Battersea Park}} is served by some [[Southern (train operating company)|Southern]] trains. Trains northbound terminate at [[London Victoria station|London Victoria]], which is the next stop along the line. Southbound, Southern's ''[[Rapid transit|metro]]'' services run to Clapham Junction, [[Wandsworth Common railway station|Wandsworth Common]], and {{rws|Balham}}. After Balham, trains head towards {{rws|East Croydon}}, {{rws|Epsom}}, {{rws|London Bridge}} and {{rws|Sutton}}. The [[Battersea Park railway station (1860-1870)|first station]] to carry the name "Battersea Park" was opened by the [[London, Brighton and South Coast Railway]] (LB&SCR) as ''Battersea'' on 1 October 1860 and was located at the southern end of what is now Grosvenor Bridge. It closed on 1 November 1870.<ref>London's Disused Stations Volume 6 by J.E.Connor</ref><ref>Chronology of Londons Railways by H.V.Borley</ref> The LB&SCR opened another station on a high-level line on 1 May 1867 called [[Battersea Park railway station|Battersea Park]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Turner|first=John Howard|title=The London Brighton and South Coast Railway 3 Completion and Maturity|publisher=[[Batsford]]|year=1978|isbn=0-7134-1389-1|page=99}}</ref> Another station existed closed to the current station called [[Battersea Park Road railway station]] by the [[London, Chatham and Dover Railway]] in 1867 and closed in 1916. ==== Clapham Junction ==== The largest railway station in Battersea is [[Clapham Junction railway station|Clapham Junction]], which lies to the south-west of the district. It is a busy interchange and serves destinations across London, the [[Southern England|South]] and [[South West England]]. Train operators from Clapham Junction include: * [[London Overground]], which operates trains northbound towards {{rws|Stratford}}, calling at major destinations such as {{rws|Shepherd's Bush}}, {{rws|Willesden Junction}}, {{rws|Camden Road}}, and {{rws|Hackney Central}}. London Overground also runs trains eastbound towards {{rws|Dalston}}, passing through [[Clapham]], {{rws|Denmark Hill}}, {{rws|Peckham Rye}}, {{rws|Canada Water}} and {{rws|Whitechapel}} along the way. * Southern, which principally operates northbound services towards London Victoria. Southbound services run to destinations such as Balham, {{rws|Brighton}}, {{rws|East Croydon}}, {{rws|Epsom}} and {{rws|Gatwick Airport}} ({{Rint|air}}). Southern also operates a service to {{rws|Milton Keynes}} from East Croydon. * [[South Western Railway (train operating company)|South Western Railway]], which runs services towards [[London Waterloo station|London Waterloo]] and {{rws|Vauxhall}} northbound. Major destinations to the south-west include {{rws|Wimbledon}}, {{rws|Richmond|London}}, {{rws|Kingston|England}}, {{rws|Reading}}, {{rws|Guildford}}, {{rws|Southampton Central}}, {{rws|Bournemouth}} and {{rws|Salisbury}}. In terms of the number of train movements, Clapham Junction is Europe's busiest railway station. It opened on 21 May 1838.<ref>The west London Railway and the W.L.E.R, H.V.Borley & R.W.Kidner, 1981 reprint, The Oakwood Press, Usk Monmouthshire. {{ISBN|0-85361-174-2}}</ref> ==== Queenstown Road (Battersea) ==== [[Queenstown Road (Battersea) railway station|Queenstown Road (Battersea)]] is served by some [[South Western Railway (train operating company)|South Western Railway]] trains. Northbound, most trains call at Vauxhall en route to London Waterloo. Southbound passengers can travel to Richmond, {{rws|Twickenham}}, {{rws|Hounslow}} and {{rws|Windsor & Eton}}.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.southwesternrailway.com/plan-my-journey/our-network|title=Network map {{!}} South Western Railway|website=Southwesternrailway.com|access-date=26 March 2020}}</ref> Queenstown Road opened up the line on 1 November 1877 by the [[London and South Western Railway]], as ''Queen's Road (Battersea)''.<ref name="Butt">{{cite book|last=Butt|first=R.V.J.|title=The Directory of Railway Stations|publisher=Patrick Stephens Ltd|year=1995|isbn=1-85260-508-1|location=Yeovil|page=193|id=R508}}</ref> [[British Rail]] renamed the station to ''Queenstown Road (Battersea)'' on 12 May 1980.<ref name="Butt" /> === London Underground === As part of [[Northern line extension to Battersea]], Battersea is connected to the [[London Underground]] network at {{stl|London Underground|Battersea Power Station}} in September 2021.<ref>{{cite news |last=Paton |first=James |date=20 September 2021 |title=London Bets $1.5 billion Tube Extension Will Spur Jobs, Business |url=https://www.bnnbloomberg.ca/london-bets-1-5-billion-tube-extension-will-spur-jobs-business-1.1654487 |work=Bloomberg News |access-date=20 September 2021}}</ref> === Buses === [[London Buses|London Bus]] routes [[London Buses route 44|44]], [[London Buses route 137|137]], [[London Buses route 156|156]], [[London Buses route 211|211]], [[London Buses route 344|344]], [[London Buses route 436|436]], [[London Buses route 19|19]], [[London Buses route 49|49]], [[London Buses route 319|319]], [[London Buses route 345|345]] and [[London Buses route 452|452]] serve the Battersea area during the daytime. Night buses [[London Buses route N19|N19]], [[London Buses route N137|N137]] and [[London Buses route N44|N44]], as well as the 344 and 345 routes, run overnight. === Cycling === [[Cycling infrastructure]] in Battersea is provided by the London Borough of Wandsworth and [[Transport for London]] (TfL).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://content.tfl.gov.uk/bus-route-maps/battersea-park-a4-301119.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200223143336/http://content.tfl.gov.uk/bus-route-maps/battersea-park-a4-301119.pdf |archive-date=2020-02-23 |url-status=live|title=Buses from Battersea Park|website= Transport for London (TfL)|access-date=26 March 2020}}</ref> * [[List of cycle routes in London|Cycle Superhighway 8]] passes through Battersea. The route runs unbroken from [[Wandsworth|Wandsworth Town]] to [[Millbank]], which is near the [[Palace of Westminster]]. It is a signposted route, and runs through the district largely along A3205/Battersea Park Road. To the east, however, the route turns northwards (along A3216/Queenstown Road), leaving Battersea over [[Chelsea Bridge]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tfl.gov.uk/maps/cycle|title=Cycle|website=[[Transport for London]]|language=en|access-date=26 March 2020}}</ref> * A cycle lane links Battersea to [[Vauxhall]] along A3205/Nine Elms Lane. ==In popular culture== Battersea features in the books of [[Michael de Larrabeiti]], who was born and brought up in the area: ''[[A Rose Beyond the Thames]]'' recounts the working-class Battersea of the 1940s and 1950s; ''[[The Borrible Trilogy]]'' presents a fictional Battersea, home to fantasy creatures known as the Borribles. The station makes a brief appearance in The [[Beatles]]' second film, ''[[Help! (film)|Help!]]'', in 1965. It also appears during the first daylight attack on London sequence in the 1969 movie Battle of Britain, in the movie as in real life used as a navigational landmark by the attacking Luftwaffe bombers.''[[The Optimists of Nine Elms]]'', a 1973 film starring [[Peter Sellers]], is set in Battersea. Battersea is also the setting for [[Penelope Fitzgerald]]'s 1979 [[Booker Prize]]–winning novel, ''[[Offshore (novel)|Offshore]]''. Kitty Neale's ''Nobody's Girl'' is set in a fictional café and the surrounding Battersea High Street Market. [[Nell Dunn]]'s 1963 novel ''[[Up the Junction]]'' (later adapted for both television and cinema) depicts contemporary life in the industrial slums of Battersea near [[Clapham Junction (area)|Clapham Junction]]. Battersea provides the backdrop for the real world scenes in the audio book and app series ''[[Rockford's Rock Opera]]''. [[Michael Flanders]], half of the 1960s comedy duo ''Flanders and Swann'', often made fun of [[Donald Swann]] for living in Battersea. [[Morrissey]] mentions Battersea in his song "[[You're the One for Me, Fatty]]". [[Babyshambles]] recorded the song "Bollywood to Battersea" for a 2005 charity album ''[[Help!: A Day in the Life]]''. [[Hooverphonic]] recorded the song "Battersea" for the 1999 album ''[[Blue Wonder Power Milk]]''. Battersea is the setting for [[Joan Aiken]]'s ''[[Black Hearts in Battersea]]'', the second published volume in the [[Wolves Chronicles]]. [[Battersea Power Station]] is featured on the cover of the [[Pink Floyd]] album ''[[Animals (Pink Floyd album)|Animals]]''. A number of race courses in the [[Nintendo DS]] version of the 2009 racing video game ''[[Dirt 2]]'' are set in the general area of Battersea. Its famous abandoned power station is also the site of a few race tracks in a few console and PC games from the ''[[Dirt (series)|Dirt]]'' series. ==Prominent people== {{more citations needed|section|date=September 2020}} The following people have lived, or currently live, in Battersea: * [[Ben Adams]]{{snd}}musician from the group [[a1 (group)|a1]] * Maulana Musa Aiyub Limbada – Imam of Battersea Mosque (The Islamic Culture & Education Centre, Falcon Road) from February 1999 – July 2015 * [[Adele]]{{snd}}singer-songwriter * [[James Aldridge]]{{snd}}writer and journalist * [[Lionel Barber]] * [[Jane Moore]]{{snd}}journalist, Loose Women panellist. * [[L. S. Bevington]]{{snd}}anarchist poet and essayist, was born and grew up in a Quaker family on St Johns Hill * [[Ronnie Biggs]]{{snd}}criminal who took part in the [[Great Train Robbery (1963)|Great Train Robbery]] * [[Johnny Briggs (actor)|Johnny Briggs]]{{snd}}actor, best known for playing Mike Baldwin in ''[[Coronation Street]]''<ref>{{cite web |title=Coronation Street star Johnny Briggs dies aged 85 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-56229247 |website=BBC News |access-date=28 February 2021 |date=28 February 2021}}</ref> * [[Ada Buisson]]{{snd}}author and novelist * [[Kathleen Byron]]{{snd}}actress * [[Emma Chambers]]{{snd}}actress, known for her role as 'Alice' in ''[[The Vicar of Dibley]]'' * [[G. K. Chesterton]]{{snd}}writer * [[Adrian Chiles]]{{snd}}television presenter * [[Noël Coward]]{{snd}}dramatist, actor and cabaret artist<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.twickenham-museum.org.uk/detail.php?aid=61&ctid=1&cid=13|title=Noël Coward, Dramatist, actor and cabaret artist - Twickenham Museum|website=www.twickenham-museum.org.uk}}</ref> * [[Brian Cox (physicist)|Brian Cox]]{{snd}}physicist, host of science shows for the [[BBC]] * [[Colin Douglas (actor)|Colin Douglas]]{{snd}}stage and television actor * [[Nell Dunn]]{{snd}}playwright * [[Howard Eastman]]{{snd}}boxer * [[Craig Eastmond]]{{snd}}footballer * [[Hero Fiennes-Tiffin]]{{snd}}model and actor * [[Edwin Flavell (Royal Air Force officer)]]{{snd}}pilot of the first British aircraft to drop a live atomic bomb * [[Freddie Foreman]]{{snd}}criminal and associate of the [[Kray Twins]], born in Sheepcote Lane * [[Bob Geldof]]{{snd}}singer and songwriter<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/hay-festival/8483290/Bob-Geldof-My-children-think-Im-a-tiresome-loser.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/hay-festival/8483290/Bob-Geldof-My-children-think-Im-a-tiresome-loser.html |archive-date=12 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=Bob Geldof: 'My children think I'm a tiresome loser'|first=Bryony|last=Gordon|date=3 May 2011|via=www.telegraph.co.uk}}{{cbignore}}</ref> * [[Pixie Geldof]]{{snd}}socialite and model * [[Graham Greene]]{{snd}}writer, playwright, critic * [[Rich Hall]]{{snd}}comedian * [[Reginald Hammond]]{{snd}}first-class cricketer and Royal Navy officer * [[Pamela Hansford Johnson]]{{snd}}writer * [[Ainsley Harriott]]{{snd}}chef * [[Lauran Hibberd]]{{snd}}musician<ref>{{cite web |last1=Shah |first1=Rishi |title="I've always secretly been a pop-punk kid" |url=https://www.kerrang.com/lauran-hibberd-interview-pop-punk-weezer-nostalgia-second-album-girlfriend-material-all-time-low-alex-gaskarth-underoath-drummer-aaron-gillespie |website=Kerrang |publisher=Wasted Talent Ltd |access-date=1 May 2024}}</ref> * [[Harry Hill]]{{snd}}comedian * [[Ada Florence Kinton]]{{snd}}artist and Salvation Army officer * [[Derek Laud]]{{snd}}political lobbyist and ''Big Brother'' contestant * [[Simon Le Bon]]{{snd}}musician * [[Katie Leung]]{{snd}}actress, best known for playing [[Cho Chang]] in Harry Potter films * [[Monie Love]]{{snd}}mc and radio personality * [[Kate Maberly]]{{snd}}actress * [[Terry Manning]]{{snd}}music producer * [[Noel McKoy]]{{snd}}singer and songwriter * [[Buster Merryfield]]{{snd}}actor, best known as Uncle Albert in ''[[Only Fools and Horses]]'' * [[Dannii Minogue]]{{snd}}musician<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.express.co.uk/dayandnight/269210/Dannii-Minogue-keeping-baby-Ethan-in-Melbourne|title=Dannii Minogue keeping baby Ethan in Melbourne|date=5 September 2011|website=Express.co.uk}}</ref> * [[Seán O'Casey]]{{snd}}writer * [[John O'Farrell (author)|John O'Farrell]]{{snd}}writer<ref>{{cite web|url=http://thecroydoncitizen.com/politics-society/john-ofarrell-interview/|title="Rebels don't make jokes about how excellent it is to have bishops in the House of Lords": An interview with John O'Farrell|work=The Croydon Citizen}}</ref> * [[William Page (historian)|William Page]]{{snd}}historian and general editor of the [[Victoria County History]] * [[Polly Paulusma]]{{snd}}musician * [[Mervyn Peake]]{{snd}}author<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.literaryreview.co.uk/fleming_07_11.html |title=Literary Review – Fergus Fleming on Mervyn Peake |work=literaryreview.co.uk |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131112094652/http://www.literaryreview.co.uk/fleming_07_11.html |archive-date=12 November 2013 }}</ref> * [[Rupert Penry-Jones]]{{snd}}actor * [[Gordon Ramsay]]{{snd}}chef * [[Joely Richardson]]{{snd}}actress * [[J.K. Rowling]]{{snd}}author<ref>[https://www.standard.co.uk/news/name-of-asda-store-rekindles-the-clapham-or-battersea-row-6530235.html Name of Asda store rekindles the 'Clapham or Battersea' row – London Evening Standard]. Standard.co.uk (29 October 2010). Retrieved on 24 August 2013.</ref> * [[Greg Rusedski]]{{snd}}tennis player * [[John Scott (sociologist)|John Scott]]{{snd}}sociologist and [[Fellow of the British Academy]] * [[Peter Serafinowicz]]{{snd}}comedian * [[George Shearing]]{{snd}}pianist * [[Ed Sheeran]]{{snd}}musician * [[Timothy Spall]]{{snd}}actor<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/starsandstories/11170201/Timothy-Spall-Turner-had-a-god-given-genius.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/starsandstories/11170201/Timothy-Spall-Turner-had-a-god-given-genius.html |archive-date=12 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=Timothy Spall: 'Turner had a god-given genius'|date=18 October 2014|work=Telegraph.co.uk|last1=Gritten|first1=David}}{{cbignore}}</ref> * [[Henry St John, 1st Viscount Bolingbroke]] * [[Donald Swann]]{{snd}}musician (of [[Flanders and Swann]]) * [[Gabriel Thomson]]{{snd}}stars in ''[[My Family]]'' * [[Baroness Trumpington]]{{snd}}member of the [[House of Lords]] * [[Paul Joseph Watson]]{{snd}}YouTube personality and radio host * [[Arthur Webb (co-operator)]]{{snd}}Building Society Movement * [[William Wilberforce]]{{snd}}prominent campaigner against the [[History of slavery|slave trade]] * [[Edward Adrian Wilson]]{{snd}}English physician, polar explorer, natural historian, painter and ornithologist ==See also== * [[Nappy Valley]] * [[Seax of Beagnoth]] ==References== {{Reflist}} ==Further reading== * Patrick Loobey, ''Battersea Past''. Historical Publications Ltd., 2002. {{ISBN|0-948667-76-1}}. * Peter Mason, ''The Brown Dog Affair''. Two Sevens Publishing, 1997. {{ISBN|0-9529854-0-3}}. * Martin Knight, ''Battersea Girl''. Mainstream Publishing, 2006. {{ISBN|1-84596-150-1}}. ==External links== {{Commons category|Battersea}} * {{Cite EB1911 |wstitle=Battersea |volume=3 |page=531 |short=1}} * [http://www.wandsworth.gov.uk/ Wandsworth Council] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20171025185657/https://battersea.co.uk/ Battersea.co.uk - Battersea Information] {{geographic location | title = '''Neighbouring areas''' | Northwest = [[Fulham]] | North = [[Chelsea, London|Chelsea]] | Northeast = [[Pimlico]] | West = [[Wandsworth]] | Centre = Battersea | East = [[Nine Elms]] and [[Stockwell]] | Southwest = [[Wandsworth]] and [[Balham]] | South = [[Balham]] and [[Clapham]] | Southeast = [[Clapham]] }} {{LB Wandsworth}} {{London Districts}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Battersea| ]] [[Category:Areas of London]] [[Category:Districts of the London Borough of Wandsworth]] [[Category:Districts of London on the River Thames]]
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