Editing Barnum Island, New York

{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name            = Barnum Island, New York
| settlement_type          = [[Hamlet (New York)|Hamlet]] and [[census-designated place]]
| nickname                 = 
| motto                    = <!-- Images -->
| image_skyline            = Barnum Island Sign.jpg
| imagesize                = 
| image_caption            = 
| image_flag               = 
| image_seal               = <!-- Maps -->
| pushpin_map              = New York
| pushpin_label_position   = top
| pushpin_map_caption      = Location within the state of New York
| image_map                = Nassau County New York incorporated and unincorporated areas Barnum Island highlighted.svg
| mapsize                  = 260px
| map_caption              = Location in [[Nassau County, New York|Nassau County]] and the state of [[New York (state)|New York]].

<!-- Location -->
| subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name         = {{flag|United States}}
| subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_name1        = {{flag|New York}}
| subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in New York|County]]
| subdivision_name2        = {{flag|Nassau County, New York|Nassau County}}
| government_footnotes     = 
| government_type          = 
| leader_title             = 
| leader_name              = 
| leader_title1            = 
| leader_name1             = 
| established_title        = 
| established_date         = <!-- Area -->
| area_footnotes           = <ref name="TigerWebMapServer">{{cite web|title=ArcGIS REST Services Directory|url=https://tigerweb.geo.census.gov/arcgis/rest/services/TIGERweb/Places_CouSub_ConCity_SubMCD/MapServer|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=September 20, 2022}}</ref>
| area_magnitude           = 
| area_total_km2           = 3.21
| area_land_km2            = 2.24
| area_water_km2           = 0.97
| area_total_sq_mi         = 1.24
| area_land_sq_mi          = 0.86
| area_water_sq_mi         = 0.37

<!-- Population -->| population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
| population_footnotes     = 
| population_total         = 2590
| population_density_km2   = 1155.44
| population_density_sq_mi = 2994.22
<!-- General information -->
| timezone                 = [[Eastern Time Zone|EST]]
| utc_offset               = -5
| timezone_DST             = EDT
| utc_offset_DST           = -4
| elevation_footnotes      = <ref name=gnis/>
| elevation_ft             = 7
| coordinates              = {{coord|40|36|18|N|73|38|37|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}}<ref name=gnis/>
| postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]
| postal_code              = 11558
| area_code                = [[Area code 516|516]]
| blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
| blank_info               = 36-04550
| blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info              = 2389175<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2389175}}</ref>
| website                  = 
| footnotes                = 
| unit_pref                = Imperial
| subdivision_name3        = [[Hempstead (town), New York|Hempstead]]
| subdivision_type3        = [[Town (New York)|Town]]
| pushpin_label            = Barnum Island, New York
}}
[[File:Barnum Island and Harbor Isle, NY aerial from the west 01A - equalized (9456911500).jpg|thumb|upright=1.3|Aerial view of Barnum Island and [[Harbor Isle, New York|Harbor Isle]] from the west.]]
'''Barnum Island''' is a [[Hamlet (New York)|hamlet]] and [[census-designated place]] (CDP) in [[Nassau County, New York|Nassau County]], [[New York (state)|New York]], United States. The population was 2,590 at the 2020 census. It occupies the eastern portion of an island situated between [[Long Island]] and Long Beach. That island, previously known in its entirety as [[Hog Island (New York)|Hog Island]], consists entirely of the communities of Barnum Island and  [[Island Park, New York|Island Park]].

Barnum Island is an unincorporated area of the [[Hempstead, New York|Town of Hempstead]]. Most of Barnum Island is separated from the [[Island Park, New York|Village of Island Park]] by the [[Long Island Rail Road|LIRR's]] [[Long Beach Branch]] rail line to [[Long Beach, New York|Long Beach]].

Barnum Island has its own fire district and school district, but is under contract with the Village of Island Park for fire and education services for its residents. Barnum Island is included in the Island Park School District and ZIP code (11558).

The [[E.F. Barrett Power Station]] is located within the hamlet.

==History==
Previously called [[Hog Island (New York)|Hog Island]], after the feral pigs introduced by early European explorers to the Native Americans, it was later renamed for [[Sarah Ann Barnum|Sarah Ann Baldwin Barnum]]. It was also sometimes called Jekyl Island, after the name of the development company that bought it from the county.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|last=Island|first=Jekyl|date=1922-04-23|title=A 700-Acre Development (Barnum Island)|pages=127|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/10742989/a_700acre_development_barnum_island/|access-date=2017-05-04|via=[[Newspapers.com]] {{open access}}}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=1901-07-10|title=Jekyl Island named (headline typo says Jeykl Island)|pages=10|work=The Brooklyn Daily Eagle|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/10750736/jekyl_island_named_headline_typo_says/|access-date=2017-05-04|via=[[Newspapers.com]] {{open access}}}}</ref>

Between 1851 and 1870, Sarah Ann's husband Peter owned large parcels of land on Long Island, though his primary business was a Manhattan clothier. Sarah Ann arranged the purchase of Hog Island for use as a "poor farm" – a self-supporting almshouse, a social innovation for that period, and the island was renamed in her honor.<ref name="Newsday">{{cite news|last1=Amon|first1=Rhoda|title=Life Was No Circus|newspaper=Newsday|url=http://www.newsday.com/community/guide/lihistory/ny-past418,0,5407611.story?coll=ny-lihistory-navigation|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930235321/http://www.newsday.com/community/guide/lihistory/ny-past418%2C0%2C5407611.story?coll=ny-lihistory-navigation|archive-date=September 30, 2007}}
</ref><ref>[http://www.kpsearch.com/DF/Villageofislandpark-n/history.htm Village of Island Park - History]</ref>

Local lore connects the island's name to [[P.T. Barnum]], the circus impresario, but this is incorrect, and likely  due to confusion between "PT" and "PC" (Peter C.).<ref name="Newsday" />

The county discontinued the almshouse and sold the island to the Jekyl Island Realty Company in 1898 for $40,000. The company renamed it ''Jekyl Island.'' The island changed hands several times in 1909, Jekyl sold it to a syndicate of developers for $120,000, who in turn sold it for $650,000 in 1911. (There may have been an interim sale in 1910 as well.)<ref>{{Cite news|date=1909-08-31|title=Jekyl Company Dissolves|pages=8|work=The Brooklyn Daily Eagle|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/10751137/the_brooklyn_daily_eagle/|access-date=2017-05-04|via=[[Newspapers.com]] {{open access}}}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=1911-05-06|title=Barnum Island Sold|pages=9|work=The Brooklyn Daily Eagle|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/10751323/barnum_island_sold/|access-date=2017-05-04|via=[[Newspapers.com]] {{open access}}}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last=Rather|first=John|date=2001-05-27|title=If You're Thinking of Living In/Island Park; Homey, Near the Water and Within Reach|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/05/27/realestate/if-you-re-thinking-living-island-park-homey-near-water-within-reach.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150527175319/http://www.nytimes.com/2001/05/27/realestate/if-you-re-thinking-living-island-park-homey-near-water-within-reach.html|archive-date=2015-05-27|access-date=2017-05-05|website=www.webcitation.org}}</ref> Minimal development at that time included construction of several canals, before work was abandoned. One of those canals divides the Harbor Isle section from Island Park.

New developers bought the island in 1921, and started building about 10,000 properties built in the 700 acre Island Park section in the center of the island starting in 1922.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> It was in use as a summer resort by 1925.,<ref name=":1" /> Island Park was incorporated as a village in 1926.

The rest of the island remains unincorporated, with the western portion known as [[Harbor Isle, New York|Harbor Island]], and the eastern portion retaining the name Barnum Island. However, all three make up the original Hog Island/Barnum Island, and are part of the Town of Hempstead.

The entire island was flooded with two to eight feet of water and sewage by [[Hurricane Sandy]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=March 2014|title=Barnum Island/Oceanside/the Village of Island Park/Harbor Isle NY Rising Community Reconstruction Plan|url=https://stormrecovery.ny.gov/sites/default/files/crp/community/documents/bi-o-vip-hi_final-20140701_high.pdf}}</ref>

==Geography==
[[File:Barnum-island-ny-map.png|thumb|left|U.S. Census Map]]
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the CDP has a total area of {{convert|1.3|sqmi|1}}, of which {{convert|0.9|sqmi|1}} is land and {{convert|0.4|sqmi|1}} (28.24%) is water.{{citation needed|date=August 2014}}

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|2020= 2590
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=http://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|accessdate=June 4, 2016}}</ref>
}}
{{Update after|2030}}
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2022-04-12 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref> of 2020, there were 2,590 people, 1,062 housing units, and 958 households residing in the CDP. The population density was {{convert|2,877.7|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 1,062 housing units at an average density of {{convert|1,180|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the CDP was 68.03% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 2.97% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.73% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 6.06% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.00% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 9.22% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 9.53% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 19.45% of the population.

There were 958 households, out of which 58.9% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 11.1% had a female householder with no spouse present, and 28.0% had a male householder with no spouse present.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 6.2% under the age of 5, 18.0% under the age of 18, 82.0% was 18 years or older and 19.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 47 years. For every 100 females, there were 148.2 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $102,955. About 7.9% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 19.9% of those under age 18 and 3.9% of those age 65 or over.

==Nunley's Ferris wheel==
Nunley's [[Ferris wheel]], formerly located at [[Nunley's]] Carousel and Amusement Park on the [[Baldwin, Nassau County, New York|Baldwin]]-[[Freeport, NY|Freeport]], New York border, is now located in Barnum Island, in [[Baldwin, Nassau County, New York|Baldwin, New York]]. [[Nassau County, New York|Nassau County]] purchased Nunley's Carousel in 1995, restored it, and reopened it in 2009 at the [[Cradle of Aviation Museum]] in [[Garden City, New York]]. Other Nunley's rides and games were sold at auction after the park closed in 1995 and are now scattered all over the country.<ref>{{cite book|title=Nunley's Amusement Park|author=Berman, Marisa L.|isbn=9780738598222|publisher=Arcadia Publishing|date=2013|pages=113–114|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PRvEwMtS7MkC&q=nunley%27s+ferris+wheel+barnum+island&pg=PA114}}</ref>

==Education==
Barnum Island is in [[Island Park Union Free School District]].<!--UNI 15480--><ref name=Districtmapandlist>{{cite map|author=Geography Division|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st36_ny/schooldistrict_maps/c36059_nassau/DC20SD_C36059.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220721193819/https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st36_ny/schooldistrict_maps/c36059_nassau/DC20SD_C36059.pdf|date=January 12, 2021|archive-date=July 21, 2022|url-status=live|title=2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Nassau County, NY|publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]]|accessdate=2024-10-12}} - [https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st36_ny/schooldistrict_maps/c36059_nassau/DC20SD_C36059_SD2MS.txt Text list] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220721193916/https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st36_ny/schooldistrict_maps/c36059_nassau/DC20SD_C36059_SD2MS.txt |date=July 21, 2022 }}</ref> High school students go to [[Long Beach High School (New York)|Long Beach High School]] of the [[Long Beach City School District]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ips.k12.ny.us/about_district|title=About District|publisher=[[Island Park Union Free School District]]|access-date=2025-03-22|quote=High school aged students [...] attend Long Beach High School.}}</ref>

From circa 1968<!--2018 - 50 , source text: "After almost 50 years" --> to 2008, the Island Park district sent high school students only to [[West Hempstead High School]], operated by the [[West Hempstead Union Free School District]]. From circa 2008 to 2018,<!--Source text: "It’s been nearly a decade since[...]"--> people living in the Island Park district could select between Long Beach and West Hempstead for high school education. In 2018 the Island Park school district stopped paying for Island Park residents to have the West Hempstead choice, and this was effective the 2019-2020 school year.<ref>{{cite news|last=Kolodny|first=Sarah|url=https://www.nbcnewyork.com:443/news/local/island-park-to-conclude-sending-students-to-west-hempstead-high-school/1729603/|title=Island Park to Stop Sending Students to West Hempstead High School |publisher=[[NBC New York]]|date=2018-08-03|access-date=2024-03-22}}</ref>

==References==
<references />

{{HempsteadNY}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Hempstead, New York]]
[[Category:Census-designated places in New York (state)]]
[[Category:Hamlets in New York (state)]]
[[Category:Census-designated places in Nassau County, New York]]
[[Category:Hamlets in Nassau County, New York]]
[[Category:Populated coastal places in New York (state)]]