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Banknotes of the Norwegian krone
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{{Short description|none}} {{moresources|date=June 2024}} {{Use dmy dates|date=November 2019}} '''Norwegian banknotes''' are circulated, in addition to [[Coins of the Norwegian krone|Norwegian coins]], with a denomination of [[Norwegian krone]]r, as standard units of [[currency]] in [[Norway]]. From 1877, after the establishment of the [[Scandinavian Monetary Union]], Norwegian banknotes of 1000, 500, 200, 100, 50, 10 and 5 kroner have been put into circulation. The first 200 kroner banknote was first published in 1994. The others have been in use since 1877. Banknotes of 5 and 10 kroner were in use until 1963 and 1983 when they were replaced by coins. From 1917 to 1925 and 1940-1950 there was a shortage of small change, and 1 and 2 kroner banknotes were printed as "arbitration coins banknotes." The first edition was canceled in 1926, while the second edition was formally valid right up to 1999. ==History== From 1877, after the establishment of the Scandinavian Monetary Union, and until the present day, Norwegian banknotes have included 1000, 500, 100, and 50 kroner notes. In 1994 the first 200 kroner note was issued. 5 and 10 kroner notes were also used from 1877, but these were replaced by coins in 1963 and 1983 respectively. During [[World War I]] and [[World War II]] and their aftermaths of 1917–1925 and 1940–1950, there was a shortage of change, so 1 krone and 2 kroner notes were printed as "coin notes". The World War I edition was rendered invalid in 1926, whereas the World War II edition technically remained legal tender until 1999. ==Current banknotes== The current design of Series VIII was introduced on 30 May 2017, with plans to be fully implemented by the fourth quarter of 2019. The designs are by The Metric System and [[Snøhetta (company)|Snøhetta]] and use an abstract geometric design influenced by the [[Beaufort scale]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.itsnicethat.com/articles/snohetta|title=Snøhetta's designs for Norway's new banknotes are a pixellated haven|date=9 October 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.norges-bank.no/Upload/Images/Sedler_mynter/nyseddelserie/konkurranse/Norges-Nye-Seddelserie-Havet.pdf |title=Norges nye seddelserie: Havet |access-date=2015-02-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141009191216/http://www.norges-bank.no/Upload/Images/Sedler_mynter/nyseddelserie/konkurranse/Norges-Nye-Seddelserie-Havet.pdf |archive-date=2014-10-09 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ===Series VIII (2017 – present)=== {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; text-align:center;" |- ! Value || Valid from || Invalid<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.norges-bank.no/Sedler-og-mynter/Ny-seddelserie/|title=Ny seddelserie}}</ref> || Theme: "The Sea" - Main obverse motif || Theme: "The Sea" - Main reverse motif |- | 1,000 kr || 14 November 2019 || - || Motif: Wave in the sea. Signal flag: Letter E. || Pixel motif: Horizon. Cubic pattern: 20.8 m/s. Organic pattern: Strong gale. High waves. Dense foam is blown along wind direction. |- | 500 kr || 18 October 2018 || - || Colin Archer, boat design. Anders Beer Wilse, photographer. Linn Krogh Hansen, photographer. Signal flag: Letter G. || Pixel motif on the horizon: Oil platform. Cubic pattern: 13.9 m/s. Organic pattern: High wind. Sea heaps up, white foam from breaking waves. |- | 200 kr || 30 May 2017 || - || Motif: Cod and herring. The background drawing shows mesh from a fishing net. Signal flag: Letter N. || Pixel motif on the horizon: Fishing boat. Cubic pattern: 8 m/s. Organic pattern: Fresh breeze. Wave heights of 1 m or more. |- | 100 kr || 30 May 2017 || - || Motif: The Gokstad ship from the 800s, with the Norwegian-designed X-Bow hull developed by Ulstein Design & Solutions AS in the background. Signal flag: Letter O. || Pixel motif on the horizon: Cargo ship. Cubic pattern: 3.4 m/s. Organic pattern: Gentle breeze. Crests begin to break. |- | 50 kr || 18 October 2018 || - || Motif: Utvær Lighthouse in Sogn og Fjordane, Norway's westernmost point. Signal flag: Letter R. || Pixel motif on the horizon: Lighthouse on the horizon. Cubic pattern: 1.6 metres per second (m/s). Organic pattern: Light breeze, gentle waves. |} Series VIII banknotes are printed by Oberthur Fiduciaire in France. Banknote order quantities<ref>{{cite web|title=Table 11: Banknotes |url=https://www.norges-bank.no/contentassets/edf825ad6c124244abad3814741ce226/notes_coins_statistics_2018.htm }}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; text-align:center;" |- ! Value || 2016 || 2017 || 2018 ||2019||2020 |- | 1,000 kr ||0 || 0 || 0 ||-||- |- | 500 kr ||0 || 0 || 75,610,000 ||-||- |- | 200 kr ||4,440,000||82,480,000|| 0 ||-||- |- | 100 kr || 260,000 || 67,200,000 || 0 ||-||- |- | 50 kr ||0 || 51,340,000 || 0 ||-||- |- | total ||4,700,000 || 201,020,000|| 75,610,000 ||-||- |} ==Historical banknotes== All Norwegian notes issued since 1877 are listed below in reverse chronological order. The notes have been issued in series starting with series I in 1877 and going on series VII from 1994. As of 2012 only series VII is in circulation, while series VI is convertible at the central bank until 1 November 2012. The [[world war]]s created a great need for cash. In 1917 a law was passed to allow for 1 krone and 2 kroner "coin notes" in response to a pledge from the [[Norges Bank|Bank of Norway]] to the Ministry of Finance: :'' The board of directors at the Bank of Norway has in writing on the 8th September 1917 informed the Ministry that the shortage of change has now become outright intolerable. One company after another complain that they cannot arrange the agreed salaries for their workers, and the merchants cannot change their customers' banknotes.'' Subsequently, coin notes were printed until 1925 but were invalidated already in 1926 when the economy had stabilized after [[World War I]]. Coin notes of 1 krone and 2 kroner were also printed during [[World War II]] (1940−45) and up until 1950. These were not invalidated after the war. However, the complete series II printed 1901−45 was rendered invalid on 9 September 1945 and those who could not readily justify their amount of cash were only given limited compensation in new money. This was done to diminish the impact of [[war profiteering]]. 5 kroner and 10 kroner notes were used from 1877 but were replaced by coins in 1963 and 1983, respectively, based on cost-benefit analyses. Apart from the World War I coin notes in 1926 and the series II notes in 1945, all Norwegian banknotes from series I through series V, including 5 kroner and 10 kroner notes, plus the World War II coin notes, were technically valid – i.e. convertible at the Bank of Norway – all the way until 1998 (series I) and 1999 (series III, IV, V, and the World War II coin notes). The 1000 kroner and 500 kroner notes of series V were valid until 2001 and 2002 respectively. ===Series VII (1994-2020)=== {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; text-align:center;" |- ! Value || Printed || Invalid<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.norges-bank.no/Sedler-og-mynter/Ny-seddelserie/Nar-kommer-de-nye-sedlene/|title=Når kommer de nye sedlene?}}</ref> || Main obverse motif || Main reverse motif |- | 1,000 kr || 2001−2019 || 2020 || [[Edvard Munch]], painter || Excerpt from Munch's wall painting ''The Sun'' |- | 500 kr || 1999−2018 || 2019 || [[Sigrid Undset]], author, Nobel laureate || A [[wreath]] symbolising volume 1 ''The Wreath'' from Undset's trilogy ''Kristin Lavransdatter'' |- | 200 kr || 1994−2017 || 2018 || [[Kristian Birkeland]], scientist || The [[north pole]] region with [[aurora borealis]] and [[Birkeland currents]] |- | 100 kr || 1995−2017 || 2018 || [[Kirsten Flagstad]], opera singer || Main hall of [[Folketeatret]], formerly the venue of the [[Norwegian National Opera]] |- | 50 kr || 1996−2018 || 2019 || [[Peter Christen Asbjørnsen]], folktale collector || [[Nymphaeaceae|Water lilies]] in [[Tarn (lake)|tarn]], inspired by the [[Folklore|folktale]] ''Summer night in [[Krokskogen|Krogskoven]]'' |} ;50 kroner note (outdated) {{multiple image | align = right | image1 = VII-50-forside-200.jpg | width1 = 200 | alt1 = | caption1 = 50 kroner (2003), obverse | image2 = VII-50-bakside.jpg | width2 = 220 | alt2 = | caption2 = 50 kroner note (2003), reverse | footer = }} The 50 kroner note (1997) portrays [[Peter Christen Asbjørnsen]] (1812–1885), writer and collector of Norwegian [[Folklore|folktale]]s. Since 1999 the serial number has been printed with [[ultraviolet]] [[fluorescence]]. The previous edition (1984), no longer valid, portrays [[Aasmund Olavsson Vinje]] (1818–1879), poet, author, and proponent of [[Nynorsk]]. This was the first Norwegian banknote featuring the Nynorsk name of Norway, ''Noreg'' (compare with [[Bokmål]]: ''Norge''). The wear and tear on the 50 kroner notes has become so harsh in recent years, possibly from people not regarding them as very valuable any more, so that their maintenance cost is becoming a problem for the [[Norges Bank|Bank of Norway]]. The 50 kroner note may well be replaced by a 50 kroner coin in the not too distant future. ;100 kroner note (outdated) {{multiple image | align = left | image1 = VII-100-forside-200.jpg | width1 = 220 | alt1 = | caption1 = 100 kroner (1995), obverse | image2 = VII-100-bakside.jpg | width2 = 200 | alt2 = | caption2 = 100 kroner (1995), reverse | footer = }} The 100 kroner note (1997) portrays [[Kirsten Flagstad]] (1895–1962), [[opera]] singer and first director of the [[Norwegian National Opera]]. In 2003 this note was upgraded with a [[hologram|holographic]] metal foil stripe. The previous edition (1979), no longer valid, was the first Norwegian banknote featuring a woman: [[Camilla Collett]] (1813–1895), author, [[feminism|feminist activist]], sister of [[Henrik Wergeland]] (author and poet), and daughter of [[Nicolai Wergeland]] (priest and co-founder of the [[Constitution of Norway|Norwegian constitution]]). Camilla actually replaced her brother on the 100 kroner note, where he had been the motif since 1949. ;200 kroner note (outdated) {{multiple image | align = right | image1 = VII-200-forside-200.jpg | width1 = 220 | alt1 = | caption1 = 200 kroner (2002), obverse | image2 = VII-200-bakside.jpg | width2 = 200 | alt2 = | caption2 = 200 kroner (2002), reverse | footer = }} After considerable inflation during the 1970s and 1980s,<ref name=NB>{{cite web|last=Norges Bank|title=Withdrawn notes and coins|url=http://www.norges-bank.no/en/notes-and-coins/withdrawn-notes-and-coins/|publisher=Norges Bank|access-date=12 January 2013}}</ref> there was need for a denomination between 100 kroner and 1000 kroner in addition to 500 kroner, and so the first Norwegian 200 kroner note was issued in 1994. It portrays [[Kristian Birkeland]] (1867–1917), [[magnetism]] researcher, inventor, and co-founder of [[Norsk Hydro]]. In 2002 this note was upgraded with a holographic metal foil stripe. The front of the 200 kroner note shows a portrait of Kristian Birkeland against a stylized pattern of the [[aurora borealis]] and a very large [[snow]]flake. Birkeland's [[terrella]] experiment, which consisted of a small, magnetized sphere representing the [[Earth]] suspended in an [[vacuum|evacuated]] box, is shown on the left. When subjected to an [[electron beam]] a glow of light would appear around the [[Poles of astronomical bodies#Magnetic poles|magnetic poles]] of the terrella, simulating the aurora. The back of the 200 kroner note shows a map of the north polar regions including [[Scandinavia]] to the right and northern [[Canada]] to the left. A ring encircling the magnetic dip pole (located near [[Resolute, Nunavut|Resolute]], Canada) symbolizes the location of auroral phenomena including the satellite-determined statistical location of [[Birkeland current]]s. Birkeland's original depiction of field-aligned currents published in 1908 is shown in the lower right corner. ;500 kroner note (outdated) {{multiple image | align = left | image1 = VII-500-forside-200.jpg | width1 = 220 | alt1 = | caption1 = 500 kroner (1999), obverse | image2 = VII-500-bakside.jpg | width2 = 200 | alt2 = | caption2 = 500 kroner (1999), reverse | footer = }} The 500 kroner note (1999) portrays [[Sigrid Undset]] (1882–1949), author and winner of the [[Nobel Prize in Literature]] in 1927. The note features a holographic metal foil stripe and other security measures. The previous edition (1991), no longer valid, portrays [[Edvard Grieg]] (1843–1907), world-renowned [[Norwegian romantic nationalism|national romantic]] composer and pianist. The use of the 500 kroner note has increased in recent years, especially after it was introduced to [[automatic teller machine]]s along with the 200 kroner note. Conversely, the 100 kroner note has been partly displaced from ATMs, and its use has decreased.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.norges-bank.no/en/notes-and-coins/statistics/ |title=Norges Bank |publisher=Norges-bank.no |access-date=2011-09-05 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110810204819/http://www.norges-bank.no/en/notes-and-coins/statistics/ |archive-date=2011-08-10 }}</ref> ;1000 kroner note (outdated) {{multiple image | align = right | image1 = VII-1000-forside-200.jpg | width1 = 220 | alt1 = | caption1 = 1000 kroner (2001), obverse | image2 = VII-1000-bakside.jpg | width2 = 200 | alt2 = | caption2 = 1000 kroner (2001), reverse | footer = }} The 1000 kroner note (2001) portrays [[Edvard Munch]] (1863–1944), [[expressionism|expressionist]] painter and graphic artist. The note features a holographic metal foil stripe and other security measures. The previous edition (1990), no longer valid, portrays [[Christian Magnus Falsen]] (1782–1830), a co-founder of the [[Constitution of Norway|Norwegian constitution]]. The most valuable Norwegian banknote has always been the 1000 kroner note, but its value has been decimated during the years. In 100 years from 1904 to 2004 the value of 1000 kroner has decreased 55−fold, from more than 4000 loaves of [[bread]] to less than 70 loaves. (The price of a bread in 2004 was approximately 15 kroner, and the [[consumer price index]] in said period increased from 2.0 to 113.3.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ssb.no/emner/08/02/10/kpi/tab-01.html |title=Tabell 1. Konsumprisindeksen fra 1865. 1998 = 100 |language=no |publisher=Ssb.no |access-date=2010-09-19| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20101005035610/http://www.ssb.no/emner/08/02/10/kpi/tab-01.html| archive-date= 5 October 2010 | url-status= live}}</ref>) ===Series VI (1979–2001)=== {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; text-align:center;" |- ! Value || Printed || Invalid || Main obverse motif || Main reverse motif |- | 1,000 kr || 1990−2001 || 2012 || [[Christian Magnus Falsen]], constitution co-founder || 17th century [[oven]] [[Plate (dishware)|plate]] |- | 500 kr || 1991−2000 || 2012 || [[Edvard Grieg]], composer, pianist || Old [[Ornamental plant|flower ornament]] |- | 100 kr || 1979−97 || 2012 || [[Camilla Collett]], author || 15th century [[silver]] [[buckle]] |- | 50 kr || 1985−97 || 2012 || [[Aasmund Olavsson Vinje]], author, poet || Detail from the [[Hylestad church]] portal |} ===Series V (1962-1985)=== {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; text-align:center;" |- ! Value || Printed || Invalid || Main obverse motif || Main reverse motif |- | 1,000 kr || 1975−81 || 2001 || [[Henrik Ibsen]], playwright || [[Peder Balke]]'s painting ''[[Vardø Lighthouse|Lighthouse at Vardø]]'' |- | 500 kr || 1978−85 || 2002 || [[Niels Henrik Abel]], mathematician || Original main buildings of the [[University of Oslo]] |- | 100 kr || 1962−77 || 1999 || [[Henrik Wergeland]], author, poet || [[Oscar Wergeland]]'s painting ''[[Constitution of Norway|Constituent Assembly at Eidsvoll]]'' |- | 50 kr || 1966−83 || 1999 || [[Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson]], author, Nobel laureate || [[Borgund stave church]] |- | 10 kr || 1972−84 || 1999 || [[Fridtjof Nansen]], humanist, Nobel laureate || [[Nils Erik Flakstad (sculptor)|Nils Flakstad]]'s sculpture ''The Fisherman'' |} ===Series IV (1948-1976)=== {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; text-align:center;" |- ! Value || Printed || Invalid || Main obverse motif || Main reverse motif |- | 1,000 kr || 1949−75 || 1999 || Henrik Ibsen, playwright || [[Edvard Munch]]'s painting ''The Tale'' |- | 500 kr || 1948−76 || 1999 || Niels Henrik Abel, mathematician || Purpose-made industrial motif by [[Reidar Aulie]] |- | 100 kr || 1949−62 || 1999 || Henrik Wergeland, author, poet || [[Erik Werenskiold]]'s painting ''[[Timber rafting|Timber Rafters]]'' |- | 50 kr || 1950−65 || 1999 || Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson, author, Nobel laureate || [[Hugo Lous Mohr]]'s painting ''[[Cereal|Harvesting Cereal]]'' |- | 10 kr || 1954−73 || 1999 || [[Christian Michelsen]], shipowner, Prime Minister 1905−1907 || Ships making headway, from drawing by [[Henrik Sørensen]], and the god [[Mercury (mythology)|Mercury]] |- | 5 kr || 1955−63 || 1999 || Fridtjof Nansen, humanist, Nobel laureate || Fishing village in [[Lofoten]], from painting by [[Axel Revold]] |} ===Series III (1945-1955)=== {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; text-align:center;" |- ! Value || Printed || Invalid || style="width:40%;"| Main obverse motif || style="width:40%;"| Main reverse motif |- | 1,000 kr || 1945−49 || 1999 || [[Wilhelm Frimann Koren Christie]], Speaker of the Storting 1815 and 1818 || [[Nidaros Cathedral]] |- | 100 kr || 1945−50 || 1999 || [[Coat of Arms of Norway|Norwegian Coat of Arms]] || «[[Norges Bank|Bank of Norway]]» and denomination |- | 50 kr || 1945−51 || 1999 || Norwegian Coat of Arms || «Bank of Norway» and denomination |- | 10 kr || 1945−54 || 1999 || Norwegian Coat of Arms || Denomination |- | 5 kr || 1945−55 || 1999 || Norwegian Coat of Arms || «Bank of Norway» and denomination |} ===="Coin notes" (1940-1950)==== {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; text-align:center;" |- ! Value || Printed || Invalid || style="width:40%;"| Main obverse motif || style="width:40%;"| Main reverse motif |- | 2 kr || 1940−50 || 1999 || «[[Norges Bank|Bank of Norway]]» and denomination || Denomination |- | 1 kr || 1940−50 || 1999 || «Bank of Norway» and denomination || Denomination |} ===Series II (1901-1945)=== {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; text-align:center;" |- ! Value || Printed || Invalid || style="width:40%;"| Main obverse motif || style="width:40%;"| Main reverse motif |- | 1,000 kr || 1901−45 || 1945 || [[Wilhelm Frimann Koren Christie]] and [[Peter Tordenskjold|Peter Wessel Tordenskiold]], admiral || [[Nidaros Cathedral]] in [[Trondheim]] |- | 500 kr || 1901−45 || 1945 || Christie || [[Akershus Fortress|Akershus Castle]] in [[Oslo]] |- | 100 kr || 1901−45 || 1945 || Christie and Tordenskiold || [[Haakon's Hall]] in [[Bergen, Norway|Bergen]] |- | 50 kr || 1901−45 || 1945 || Christie || [[Constituent Assembly Building at Eidsvoll]] |- | 10 kr || 1901−45 || 1945 || Christie and Tordenskiold || An ''[[Olav I of Norway|Olav]] Rose'' |- | 5 kr || 1901−45 || 1945 || Christie || An ''Olav Rose'' |} ===="Coin notes" (1917-1925)==== {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; text-align:center;" |- ! Value || Printed || Invalid || style="width:40%;"| Main obverse motif || style="width:40%;"| Main reverse motif |- | 2 kr || 1918−25 || 1926 || «Bank of Norway» and denomination || [[Coat of Arms of Norway|Norwegian Coat of Arms]] on an ''[[Olav I of Norway|Olav]] Rose'' |- | 1 kr || 1917−25 || 1926 || «Bank of Norway» and denomination || Norwegian Coat of Arms on an ''Olav Rose'' |} ===Series I (1877–1901)=== {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; text-align:center;" |- ! Value || Printed || Invalid || style="width:40%;"| Main obverse motif || style="width:40%;"| Main reverse motif |- | 1,000 kr || 1877−1901 || 1918 || [[Oscar II of Sweden|Oscar II]], king of Sweden and Norway || Denomination |- | 500 kr || 1877−1901 || 1918 || Oscar II || Denomination |- | 100 kr || 1877−1901 || 1918 || Oscar II || Denomination |- | 50 kr || 1877−1901 || 1918 || Oscar II || Denomination |- | 10 kr || 1877−1901 || 1918 || Oscar II || Denomination |- | 5 kr || 1877−1901 || 1918 || Oscar II || Denomination |} '''Source''': [http://www.norges-bank.no/en/notes-and-coins/banknotes/ Bank of Norway] ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== {{commons category-inline}} * [http://www.norges-bank.no/en/notes-and-coins/banknotes/ Information on Norwegian banknotes (Bank of Norway)] {{DEFAULTSORT:Banknotes Of The Norwegian Krone}} [[Category:Banknotes of Europe|Norwegian krone]] [[Category:Currencies of Norway]]
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