Editing Bagheria

{{Expand Italian|date=March 2022|topic=geo}}
{{Infobox Italian comune
| name                = Bagheria
| official_name       = Città di Bagheria
| native_name         = {{native name|scn|Baarìa}}
| image_skyline       = Barques de pêche sur la plage d' Aspra (1).jpg
| imagesize           = 
| image_alt           = 
| image_caption       = Fishing boats in Aspra
| image_shield        = Bagheria-Stemma.png
| shield_alt          = 
| image_map           = 
| map_alt             = 
| map_caption         = 
| pushpin_label_position = 
| pushpin_map_alt     = 
| coordinates         = {{coord|38|04|49|N|13|30|31|E|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_footnotes = 
| region              = [[Sicily]]
| metropolitan_city   = [[Metropolitan City of Palermo|Palermo]] (PA)
| frazioni            = [[Aspra, Sicily]]
| mayor_party         = 
| mayor               = Filippo Tripoli 
| area_footnotes      = 
| area_total_km2      = 29
| population_footnotes = 
| population_total    = 53 149
| population_as_of    = 31 December 2020
| pop_density_footnotes = 
| population_demonym  = Bagheresi (''Baarioti'' in [[Sicilian language|Sicilian]])
| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m         = 76
| twin1               = 
| twin1_country       = 
|istat=| saint               = San Giuseppe
| day                 = March 19
| postal_code         = 90011
| area_code           = 091
| website             = {{official website|http://www.comune.bagheria.pa.it}}
| footnotes           = 
}}
'''Bagheria''' ({{IPA|it|baɡeˈriːa}}; {{langx|scn|Baarìa}} {{IPA|scn|baːˈɾiːa|}}) is a city and ''[[comune]]'' in the [[Metropolitan City of Palermo]] in [[Sicily]],  located approximately 10km to the east of the city centre.

==Etymology==
According to some sources, the name ''Bagheria'' (by way of old [[Sicilian language|Sicilian]] ''Baarìa'') originates from the [[Phoenician language|Phoenician]] term ''Bayharia'' meaning "land that descends toward the sea." 

==History==
Since its founding, the town has gone by the names of ''Bayharia'', ''Baharia'', and ''Baarìa''. In 1658 [[Giuseppe Branciforti]], Prince of [[Butera]] and  former [[Viceroy of Sicily]], built a large [[villa]] and established the region as the preferred location for the vacation homes of Palermo's elites. Villas like the fortified Villa San Marco (designed by Andrea Cirrincione) with angled bastions and a drawbridge soon followed. The area experienced a boom in villa building roughly coinciding with the period of Savoyard (1713–21) and Habsburg (1721–30) rule and continuing for several decades thereafter. The two most striking baroque residences, Villa Valguarnera and Villa Palagonia were designed by the architect [[Tommaso Napoli]] in 1712 and 1715 respectively. Both were completed only decades later. Napoli had been influenced by his experiences in Rome and Vienna and this is reflected in his designs. Other architects and clients like Giuseppe Mariani and the Prince of [[Aragona]] also looked to prints of Roman exemplars when constructing the Villa Aragona (now Cutò) in 1714.<ref>A. Belvedere, Il Palazzo Cutò di Bagheria (Palermo 1995)</ref>

By 1763, tastes were changing. The Villa Villarosa, supervised by the young G. V. Marvuglia, was directly modeled on more neoclassical plans published by [[Jean-François de Neufforge]] in 1760.<ref>E.H. Neil, "Architects and architecture in 17th & 18th century Palermo," in Annali di Architettura n.7 (1995) pp.159-176.</ref> In 1769, one of the descendants of the original Prince of Butera redesigned his estate into a well-planned town, allowing him to collect rents from the inhabitants. Bagheria was a preferred stopping point for Europeans pursuing the Grand Tour in Sicily including [[Patrick Brydone]], [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe]], [[John Soane]], [[Karl Friedrich Schinkel]] and many others.<ref>P.Brydone, A Tour through Sicily and Malta (London 1773)</ref>

In the 20th and 21st centuries, the [[Baroque architecture|Baroque]] and [[Neoclassical architecture]] of Bagheria was largely obscured by unregulated building.

==Main sights==
[[File:Photo Aspra natural arch 1964 - Touring Club Italiano 2.2223.jpg|thumb|Aspra (Bagheria) natural arch]]
* '''[[Villa Palagonia]]''', renowned for its complex external staircase, curved [[Facade (Architecture)|façade]]s, and [[marble]]. Designed by [[Tommaso Napoli|Tommaso Maria Napoli]], it is today open to the public.
* Other notable building include Villa Butera, Villa Valguarnera, Villa Trabia, [[Villa Spedalotto]], Villa San Cataldo, Villa Villarosa, Villa San Marco, Villa Filangeri, Villa Sant'Isidoro, Villa Ramacca, Villa Serradifalco, Villa Larderia, Villa Campofranco.
* The Museum of the painter [[Renato Guttuso]] with a permanent exhibition of his work is placed in Villa Cattolica. A famous collection of old sicilian toys, il Museo del Giocattolo di Pietro Piraino, is placed in Villa Cuto.

==Religion==
Although the official [[feast day]] of [[Saint Joseph]], the town's [[patron saint]], is March 19, it is celebrated in Bagheria the first Sunday of August; religious celebrations are held throughout the week leading up to Sunday, when more solemn ceremonies are initiated; the following Monday evening festivities conclude with a [[fireworks display]].

==Culture and notable people==
Bagheria was the birthplace of many well-known 20th century figures: poet [[Ignazio Buttitta]], politician [[Michelangelo Galioto]], photographer [[Ferdinando Scianna]], artists [[Renato Guttuso]] and [[Nino Garajo]] (1918—1977, Rome), gangster [[Joe Aiello]], and film director [[Giuseppe Tornatore]].
Tornatore portrayed his love for his town in the multiple award-winning film [[Nuovo Cinema Paradiso]] in 1989 and the 2009 film ''[[Baarìa (film)|Baarìa]]'', featuring the history of the town from the 1930s to the 1980s through the life of a local family.

The town is also depicted in the 1990 film ''[[The Godfather Part III]]''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.movie-locations.com/movies/g/godfather3.html |title=Film locations for The Godfather Part 3 |publisher=Movie-locations.com |access-date=2011-04-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171220083958/http://www.movie-locations.com/movies/g/godfather3.html |archive-date=2017-12-20 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Bagheria is the setting of Dacia Maraini's eponymous autobiographical work.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/392021.Bagheria|title=Bagheria}}</ref>

[[Diego D'Amico]] (1893-1947), who represented the Christian Democrats in the Constituent Assembly of Italy from 1946 to 1947, was from Bagheria.

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{commonscat|Bagheria}}
* {{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Bagheria}}

{{Metropolitan City of Palermo}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Bagheria| ]]
[[Category:Sicilian Baroque]]