Editing Attica, Kansas

{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Short description|City in Harper County, Kansas}}
{{Infobox settlement
|name                     = Attica, Kansas
|settlement_type          = [[City]]

<!-- Images -->
|image_skyline            =
|image_caption            =
|image_flag               =
|image_seal               =

<!-- Maps -->
|image_map                = Harper_County_Kansas_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Attica_Highlighted.svg
|map_caption              = Location within [[Harper County, Kansas|Harper County]] and [[Kansas]]
|image_map1               = Map of Harper Co, Ks, USA.png
|map_caption1             = [[Kansas Department of Transportation|KDOT]] map of [[Harper County, Kansas|Harper County]] ([[:File:Kansas official transportation map legend.png|legend]])

<!-- Location -->
|coordinates_footnotes    = <ref name="GNIS"/>
|coordinates              = {{coord|37|14|33|N|98|13|39|W|region:US-KS_type:city|display=inline,title}}
|subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
|subdivision_name         = United States
|subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_name1        = [[Kansas]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Kansas|County]]
|subdivision_name2        = [[Harper County, Kansas|Harper]]
|subdivision_type3        = [[List of townships in Kansas|Township]]
|subdivision_name3        =

<!-- Established -->
|established_title        = Founded
|established_date         = 1884
|established_title1       = [[Platted]]
|established_date1        =
|established_title2       = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]]
|established_date2        = 1885
|named_for                = [[Attica]]

<!-- Government -->
|government_footnotes     =
|government_type          = <!-- [[Mayor–council government|Mayor–Council]] -->
|leader_title             = [[Mayor]]
|leader_name              =

<!-- Area -->
|area_footnotes           = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2019">{{cite web|title=2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2019_Gazetteer/2019_gaz_place_20.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=July 24, 2020}}</ref>
|area_total_sq_mi         = 0.63
|area_land_sq_mi          = 0.63
|area_water_sq_mi         = 0.00
|area_total_km2           = 1.64
|area_land_km2            = 1.64
|area_water_km2           = 0.00
|unit_pref                = Imperial

<!-- Elevation -->
|elevation_footnotes      = <ref name="GNIS"/>
|elevation_ft             = 1453

<!-- Population -->
|population_footnotes     = <ref name="Census-2020-Profile"/>
|population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
|population_total         = 516
|pop_est_footnotes        =
|pop_est_as_of            =
|population_est           =
|population_density_sq_mi = auto
|population_density_km2   = auto

<!-- General information -->
|timezone                 = [[Central Time Zone|CST]]
|utc_offset               = -6
|timezone_DST             = CDT
|utc_offset_DST           = -5
|postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]
|postal_code              = 67009
|area_code_type           = [[North American Numbering Plan|Area code]]
|area_code                = [[Area code 620|620]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 20-03100 
|blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS ID]]
|blank1_info              = 2394019<ref name="GNIS">{{GNIS|2394019}}</ref>
|website                  = {{URL|https://cityofatticaks.com/|cityofatticaks.com}}
}}

'''Attica''' is a city in [[Harper County, Kansas|Harper County]], [[Kansas]], United States.<ref name="GNIS"/>  As of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], the population of the city was 516.<ref name="Census-2020-Profile">{{cite web |title=Profile of Attica, Kansas in 2020 |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=1600000US2003100 |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=March 24, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220324194931/https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=1600000US2003100 |archive-date=March 24, 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref>  The town was named after the historical region of [[Attica]], in Greece.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5zdAAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA202 | title=Biennial Report of the Board of Directors of the Kansas State Historical Society | publisher=Kansas State Printing Plant | author=Kansas State Historical Society | year=1916 | pages=202}}</ref>

==History==
Land for the community was purchased in late June 1884 and became the end of the [[Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railway]].  The town was incorporated on February 16, 1885, with a population of 1,500 people.  The population grew further until the [[Cherokee Outlet]] in northern Oklahoma was opened by a [[Land run]] in 1893, at which point many people moved south to that territory.<ref name=attica-centennial-book>{{cite book|last=Attica Centennial Committee|title=Honoring the Past While Preparing for the Future: 1884 - 1984|publisher=Taylor Publishing Company|location=Dallas, TX}}</ref>

Most of Attica is in Section 3 of Township 32 South of Range 9 West (S3-T32S-R9W) of the 6th [[Principal Meridian]].  The land for Attica was purchased from the Osage Land Trust, which also held the surrounding farmland. According to documents from Attica, the Osage Land Trust was held by the US government for the [[Osage Nation|Osage]] tribe.  Settlers could buy tracts of 160 acres (quarter-sections) for $1.25 / acre, and the money would go to the tribe.  For reference, some of that land sold in 1909 for $12/acre.<ref name=attica-centennial-book/>

On May 12, 2004, the town was damaged by an F2 [[tornado]] that was received widespread coverage on local and national television.<ref>{{Cite web |last=US Department of Commerce |first=NOAA |title=May 12th 2004 strong tornadoes |url=https://www.weather.gov/ict/event_20040512 |access-date=2022-12-28 |website=www.weather.gov |language=EN-US}}</ref>

==Geography==
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|0.64|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, all  land.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web|title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |accessdate=2012-07-06 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120112090031/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archivedate=January 12, 2012 }}</ref>

===Climate===
The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters.  According to the [[Köppen Climate Classification]] system, Attica has a [[humid subtropical climate]], abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.<ref>[http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=134041&cityname=Attica%2C+Kansas%2C+United+States+of+America&units= Climate Summary for Attica, Kansas]</ref>

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|align=left
|1890= 553
|1900= 311
|1910= 737
|1920= 744
|1930= 756
|1940= 708
|1950= 622
|1960= 845
|1970= 639
|1980= 730
|1990= 716
|2000= 636
|2010= 626
|2020= 516
|estyear=
|estimate=
|estref=
|align-fn=center
|footnote=[https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html U.S. Decennial Census]
}}
===2020 census===
The [[2020 United States census]] counted 516 people, 218 households, and 127 families in Attica.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table P16: HOUSEHOLD TYPE |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=Attica%20city,%20Kansas%20p16&y=2020 |access-date=2023-12-31 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><ref name=:0 /> The population density was 813.9 per square mile (314.2/km{{sup|2}}). There were 280 housing units at an average density of 441.6 per square mile (170.5/km{{sup|2}}).<ref name=:0>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table DP1: PROFILE OF GENERAL POPULATION AND HOUSING CHARACTERISTICS |url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALDP2020.DP1?q=Attica%20city,%20Kansas%20dp1 |access-date=2023-12-31 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |publisher=United States Census Bureau |title=Gazetteer Files |url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/2020/geo/gazetter-file.html |access-date=2023-12-30 |website=Census.gov}}</ref> The racial makeup was 90.12% (465) [[White (U.S. Census)|white]] or [[European American]] (87.02% [[Non-Hispanic White|non-Hispanic white]]), 0.0% (0) [[African American (U.S. Census)|black]] or [[African American|African-American]], 2.13% (11) [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]], 0.39% (2) [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.0% (0) [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]] or [[Native Hawaiian]], 1.55% (8) from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 5.81% (30) from [[Multiracial Americans|two or more races]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table P1: RACE |url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALPL2020.P1?q=Attica%20city,%20Kansas%20p1&y=2020 |access-date=2023-12-31 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race was 5.81% (30) of the population.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table P2: HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE |url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALPL2020.P2?q=Attica%20city,%20Kansas%20p2&y=2020 |access-date=2023-12-31 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref>

Of the 218 households, 31.7% had children under the age of 18; 39.9% were married couples living together; 28.4% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. 38.5% of households consisted of individuals and 18.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.<ref name=:0 /> The average household size was 2.5 and the average family size was 3.0.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1101: HOUSEHOLDS AND FAMILIES |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1101?q=Attica%20city,%20Kansas%20s1101%20&y=2020 |access-date=2023-12-31 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> The percent of those with a bachelor’s degree or higher was estimated to be 9.9% of the population.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1501: EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1501?q=Attica%20city,%20Kansas%20s1501%20&y=2020 |access-date=2023-12-31 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref>

23.1% of the population was under the age of 18, 6.6% from 18 to 24, 17.2% from 25 to 44, 24.0% from 45 to 64, and 29.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 47.6 years. For every 100 females, there were 106.4 males.<ref name=:0 /> For every 100 females ages 18 and older, there were 113.4 males.<ref name=:0 />

The 2016-2020 5-year [[American Community Survey]] estimates show that the median household income was $36,359 (with a margin of error of +/- $3,984) and the median family income was $42,083 (+/- $10,067).<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1903: MEDIAN INCOME IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS (IN 2020 INFLATION-ADJUSTED DOLLARS) |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1903?q=Attica%20city,%20Kansas%20s1903%20&y=2020 |access-date=2023-12-31 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> Males had a median income of $40,938 (+/- $8,912) versus $21,750 (+/- $1,364) for females. The median income for those above 16 years old was $26,167 (+/- $3,414).<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S2001: EARNINGS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS (IN 2020 INFLATION-ADJUSTED DOLLARS) |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S2001?q=Attica%20city,%20Kansas%20s2001%20&y=2020 |access-date=2023-12-31 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> Approximately, 14.7% of families and 18.1% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 17.8% of those under the age of 18 and 17.4% of those ages 65 or over.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1701: POVERTY STATUS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1701?q=Attica%20city,%20Kansas%20s1701%20&y=2020 |access-date=2023-12-31 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1702: POVERTY STATUS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS OF FAMILIES |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1702?q=Attica%20city,%20Kansas%20s1702&y=2020 |access-date=2023-12-31 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref>

===2010 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=2012-07-06}}</ref> of 2010, there were 626 people, 246 households, and 155 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was {{convert|978.1|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 298 housing units at an average density of {{convert|465.6|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 95.7% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.8% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 1.4% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 1.3% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 0.8% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 4.2% of the population.

There were 246 households, of which 27.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.2% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 7.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 37.0% were non-families. 32.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.36 and the average family size was 2.98.

The median age in the city was 42 years. 24.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.4% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 20.1% were from 25 to 44; 22.7% were from 45 to 64; and 25.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.1% male and 51.9% female.

===2000 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |accessdate=2008-01-31 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref> of 2000, there were 636 people, 254 households, and 154 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|1,097.8|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 297 housing units at an average density of {{convert|512.6|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the city was 98.58% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.94% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.16% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.16% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], and 0.16% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 0.63% of the population.

There were 254 households, out of which 23.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.8% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 6.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.0% were non-families. 37.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 19.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.15 and the average family size was 2.82.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 19.7% under the age of 18, 6.9% from 18 to 24, 19.8% from 25 to 44, 21.9% from 45 to 64, and 31.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 48 years. For every 100 females, there were 83.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 78.0 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $31,012, and the median income for a family was $34,643. Males had a median income of $30,833 versus $20,000 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $14,733. About 5.8% of families and 9.1% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 10.4% of those under age 18 and 9.7% of those age 65 or over.

==Education==
The community is served by [[Attica USD 511]] public school district.  The Attica High School mascot is Bulldogs.<ref>{{cite web | title = Attica USD 511| publisher = USD 511| url = http://www.usd511.net/| accessdate = 7 January 2017}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
{{See also|Harper County, Kansas#Further reading|l1=List of books about Harper County, Kansas}}

==External list==
{{Commons category}}
* [https://cityofatticaks.com/ City of Attica]
* [https://www.lkm.org/members/?id=41260536 Attica - Directory of Public Officials]
* [https://www.ksdot.org/Assets/wwwksdotorg/bureaus/burTransPlan/maps/city-pdf/attica.pdf Attica city map], KDOT

{{Harper County, Kansas}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Cities in Kansas]]
[[Category:Cities in Harper County, Kansas]]
[[Category:1884 establishments in Kansas]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1884]]