Editing Askham Bryan

{{Short description|Village and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England}}
{{Use British English|date=September 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2023}}
{{Infobox UK place
| country                  = England
| static_image_name        = Askham Bryan Main Street.jpg
| static_image_caption     = Askham Bryan
| coordinates              = {{coord|53.929|-1.159|display=inline,title}}
| official_name            = Askham Bryan
| population               = 564
| population_ref           = ([[2011 United Kingdom census|2011]])<ref name="Nomis">{{NOMIS2011|id=1170211380|title=Askham Bryan Parish|accessdate=30 October 2018}}</ref>
| unitary_england          = [[City of York]]
| lieutenancy_england      = [[North Yorkshire]]
| region                   = Yorkshire and the Humber
| constituency_westminster = [[York Outer (UK Parliament constituency)|York Outer]]
| post_town                = YORK
| postcode_district        = YO23
| postcode_area            = YO
| dial_code                = 01904
| os_grid_reference        = SE553484
}}
'''Askham Bryan''' is a village and [[civil parishes in England|civil parish]] in the [[Unitary authorities of England|unitary authority]] area of [[City of York]] in the north of England, {{convert|6|mi|0}} south-west of [[York]], west of [[Bishopthorpe]], and close to [[Askham Richard]] and [[Copmanthorpe]]. According to the 2001 census the parish had a population of 582, reducing to 564 at the 2011 census.<ref name="Nomis"/>

The village was historically part of the [[West Riding of Yorkshire]] until 1974. It was then a part of the district of [[Selby District]] in [[North Yorkshire]] from 1974 until 1996. Since 1996 it has been part of the City of York unitary authority.<ref>{{cite web|title=History of Askham Bryan, in York and West Riding {{!}} Map and description|url=https://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/place/11226|access-date=28 November 2020|website=visionofbritain.org.uk}}</ref>

Askham Bryan is mentioned in the ''[[Domesday Book]]''. The name comes from ''Ascam'' or ''Ascha'' meaning "enclosure of [[ash tree]]". "Bryan" is [[Bryan FitzAlan, Lord FitzAlan|Bryan FitzAlan]]. He and his heirs held the [[Lord of the Manor|manor]] from the 12th century.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.yorkshire-england.co.uk/PlaceNameMeaningsAtoD.html|title=Name Origin|accessdate=6 November 2010| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20101018115959/http://www.yorkshire-england.co.uk/PlaceNameMeaningsAtoD.html| archivedate= 18 October 2010 <!--DASHBot-->|url-status = live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.surnamedb.com/Surname/Askham|title=Name origins|accessdate=6 November 2010}}</ref>

In the village is Askham Hall and nearby is [[Askham Bryan College]] of Agriculture. The village became a [[Conservation Area]] in 1980.

==History==

The name of the village is derived partly from [[Bryan FitzAlan, Lord FitzAlan|Bryan FitzAlan]], who was granted the lands by the warden of Richmond Castle. Other notable local families to have been titled Lord of the Manor for the village include the Mowbrays, Stapletons, and Greys. The village has sometimes been called East or Great Askham.<ref name=Lewis>{{Cite book|section=Ashurst – Aspull|title=A Topographical Dictionary of England|editor-first=Samuel|editor-last=Lewis|editor-link=Samuel Lewis (publisher)|location=London|year=1848|pages=96–100|via=British History Online|url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/topographical-dict/england/pp96-100|access-date=22 June 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/YKS/ARY/Askhambryan/Askhambryan90.html|title=Name History}}</ref> Harry Croft Esq. was one of the last to be recorded as being Lord of the Manor of Askham Bryan in 1890.

[[File:Water Tower near Askham Bryan - geograph.org.uk - 187994.jpg|thumb|Water Tower on the [[Copmanthorpe]] link road]]

The villages of Askham Bryan and close by Askham Richard were once just one manor around the time of [[Edward the Confessor]] and belonged to [[Edwin, Earl of Mercia]]. When Edwin's lands were confiscated by [[William the Conqueror]], the village was granted to Roger de Mowbray who then passed the manor to his friend, William de Tykhill, a former Warden of Foss Bridge.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.yorkarchaeology.co.uk/bridgemasters/glossary.pdf|title=Nobility|accessdate=6 November 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719154052/http://www.yorkarchaeology.co.uk/bridgemasters/glossary.pdf|archive-date=19 July 2011|url-status = dead}}</ref> It eventually came into the hands of Bryan Fitzalan. During the reign of [[Edward III of England]] (reigned 1327- 1377), the manor passed from the Grey family via marriage to Sir John Deincourt. The last known hereditary Lord of the Manor of Askham Bryan was Sir John Devede in the reign of [[Richard III of England]] (1483–1485).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/YKS/ARY/Askhambryan/Askhambryan90.html|title=History of Landowners|accessdate=6 November 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/collectiorerume00ducagoog/collectiorerume00ducagoog_djvu.txt|title=History of Landowners|accessdate=6 November 2010}}</ref>

==Governance==

Askham Bryan lies in the [[Rural West York]] Ward of the City of York Unitary Authority. It is a part of the UK Parliamentary Constituency of [[York Outer (UK Parliament constituency)|York Outer]].

==Demography==

The population of the village has fluctuated from 332 in 1811<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xmH3o3vZk2AC&pg=PA21|title=Population History|accessdate=6 November 2010|author1=Encyclopaedia|year=1845}}</ref> to 342 inhabitants in 1848<ref name=Lewis/> to about 300 inhabitants in 1890.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/YKS/ARY/Askhambryan/Askhambryan90.html|title=Village Population|accessdate=7 November 2010}}</ref> The population in 2001 stood at 582. In 2011 the population had reduced to 564.<ref>{{NOMIS2011|id=1170211380|title=Askham Bryan Parish|accessdate=4 March 2018}}</ref>

==Geography==
[[File:Nags Head Askham Bryan.jpg|thumb|right|The Nag's Head Pub]]
The soil in and around the village is composed chiefly of gravel and clay.<ref name=Lewis/> The village consists of two main streets, Main Street and Askham Fields Lane, which are surrounded by closes and cul-de-sacs. There is a small duck pond opposite the church which was believed to have been dug as part of a [[medieval]] drainage system. Several species of waterbirds, including [[mallard]], [[moorhen]] and the [[Canada goose]] have been seen on and around the pond. The centre of the village is the oldest part of Askham Bryan but it also includes the 18th century Nag's Head [[pub]], the [[Victorian architecture|Victorian]] Doctor's House and the old school, which was closed in the 1960s when it merged with St. Mary's C. of E. Primary School in [[Askham Richard]]. The Village Hall was built in 1836 and is a former [[Methodist]] Chapel.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/YKS/ARY/Askhambryan/Askhambryan90.html|title=Village History|accessdate=6 November 2010}}</ref>

===Climate===
{{Weather box	
|location = Askham Bryan 32m amsl (1991–2020)
|metric first = Yes
|single line = Yes	
|Jan high C = 7.4
|Feb high C = 8.1
|Mar high C = 10.9
|Apr high C = 13.8
|May high C = 17.1
|Jun high C = 20.0
|Jul high C = 21.6
|Aug high C = 21.8
|Sep high C = 18.9
|Oct high C = 14.4
|Nov high C = 10.8
|Dec high C = 7.4
|year high C = 
|Jan mean C = 4.6
|Feb mean C = 4.7
|Mar mean C = 6.7
|Apr mean C = 9.1
|May mean C = 12.3
|Jun mean C = 15.2
|Jul mean C = 16.8
|Aug mean C = 17.2
|Sep mean C = 14.4
|Oct mean C = 11.0
|Nov mean C = 7.6
|Dec mean C = 4.4
|year mean C = 
|Jan low C = 1.7
|Feb low C = 1.2
|Mar low C = 2.5
|Apr low C = 4.4
|May low C = 7.4
|Jun low C = 10.3
|Jul low C = 12.1
|Aug low C = 12.5
|Sep low C = 9.8
|Oct low C = 7.6
|Nov low C = 4.3
|Dec low C = 1.4
|year low C = 
|unit rain days= 1.0&nbsp;mm
|Jan rain mm = 46.6
|Feb rain mm = 52.0
|Mar rain mm = 28.7
|Apr rain mm = 59.6
|May rain mm = 41.1
|Jun rain mm = 55.2
|Jul rain mm = 62.2
|Aug rain mm = 78.6
|Sep rain mm = 42.4
|Oct rain mm = 76.4
|Nov rain mm = 55.6
|Dec rain mm = 52.3
|year rain mm= 
|Jan rain days = 11.0
|Feb rain days = 10.6
|Mar rain days = 7.4
|Apr rain days = 10.6
|May rain days = 9.0
|Jun rain days = 9.0
|Jul rain days = 9.8
|Aug rain days = 10.8
|Sep rain days = 7.8
|Oct rain days = 13.2
|Nov rain days = 10.0
|Dec rain days = 9.0
|year rain days= 
|source 1 = Meteoclimat<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://climate-datas-weather.dynalias.org/listenormale-1991-2020-1-p183.php#ss
| title = Askham Bryan Climate Period: 1991–2020
| publisher = Meteoclimat
| access-date = 27 January 2021}}</ref>
|date=January 2021}}

==Economy==

The village is mainly a commuter village for nearby cities, though there is still some agriculture. The nearby Askham Bryan College of Agriculture and Horticulture provides some local employment.

==Transport==

[[York Pullman]] buses serve Askham Bryan 2/3 times a day (Monday-Saturday) in each direction as part of route 37 between York and Tadcaster.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.northyorkstravel.info/timetable/37aug17.pdf |title=Route 37 timetable |publisher=northyorkstravel.info |date=29 August 2017 |accessdate=30 October 2018}}</ref>

==Education==

The old Victorian school is the first building encountered when entering the village from the east. Built in 1856 by a charitable body known as the "Friends and Guardians of the Poor of the Village of Askham Bryan", it was later adopted by the Church of England. In 1862, the school had 69 children, later dwindling to 12 in 1967. In 1972, after 115 years as a school, the Askham Bryan Church of England school was sold to become a private residence.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/_/X_HW0AEACAAJ?hl=en&kptab=overview|title=Askham Bryan Remembered a Picture History of the Village by J. Mary Carbert|accessdate=2 February 2025}}</ref> 

As of 2010, Primary Education is catered for at St Mary's Church of England Voluntary Community School in nearby Askham Richard.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.skillspace.com/LearningSystem/PortalHome/Portal.asp?Institution=stmarys&parameter1=&parameter2=&Campus=&TimeNow=11/4/2010+11:29:55+PM|title=Village School|accessdate=6 November 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716081638/http://www.skillspace.com/LearningSystem/PortalHome/Portal.asp?Institution=stmarys&parameter1=&parameter2=&Campus=&TimeNow=11%2F4%2F2010+11%3A29%3A55+PM|archive-date=16 July 2011|url-status = dead}}</ref> For secondary education, the village is in the catchment area of York High School on Cornlands Road in nearby Acomb, though most pupils choose to attend Tadcaster Grammar School in whose catchment area it remains despite the village falling within the City of York boundaries. There is a daily bus service available to the Grammar School.<ref>{{cite web|title=Guide to School Catchment Areas|url=https://www.york.gov.uk/downloads/file/237/guide_to_school_catchment_areas|website=york.gov.uk|accessdate=5 December 2017|page=64}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.yorkpullmanbus.co.uk/school-transport/home-to-school-transport-city-of-york/tadcaster-grammar-school|title=School Transport|access-date=2 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208130042/http://www.yorkpullmanbus.co.uk/school-transport/home-to-school-transport-city-of-york/tadcaster-grammar-school|archive-date=8 December 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Nearby is Askham Bryan College of Agriculture and Horticulture. The college was originally known as the Yorkshire Institute of Agriculture, which opened in 1948. It became Askham Bryan College of Agriculture and Horticulture in 1967. It now includes equine management, animal management, land management, business, food production, engineering and bioscience.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.askham-Bryan.ac.uk/about_the_college|title=Education|accessdate=6 November 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080325054453/http://www.askham-bryan.ac.uk/about_the_college|archive-date=25 March 2008|url-status = dead}}</ref> The college lay on coach transport to many Yorkshire destinations, including Northallerton, for students.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.askham-bryan.ac.uk/uploads/files/Askham_Bryan_College_Transport_2014-15_(2).pdf|title=College Transport}}</ref>

== Sports ==

Askham Bryan Cricket Club fondly called as ABCC, is cricket club based in Askham Bryan, York. The Club have two teams in the York Vale<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.abcricket.co.uk/ |title=Askham Bryan Cricket Club |accessdate=17 April 2013}}</ref> league, first XI in division 1 and the second XI in division 4. Askham Bryan Cricket Club has been competing in one form or another for roughly 100 years.

==Religion==
[[File:Askham Bryan.jpg|thumb|right|St Nicholas Church]]
The parish [[St Nicholas' Church, Askham Bryan|church of St Nicholas]] can be found near the centre of the village and dates back to the 11th century and is of an original [[Norman architecture|Norman]] design though with a working 17th century [[bell tower]].<ref name=Lewis/>{{Failed verification|date=May 2021}} The church is a Grade I [[listed building]]<ref>{{NHLE|num=1132520|desc=Church of St Nicholas|access-date=13 May 2021}}</ref> and the [[war memorial]] in the churchyard is Grade II listed.<ref>{{NHLE|num=1454748|desc=Askham Bryan War Memorial|access-date=13 May 2021}}</ref>
{{clear}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Askham Bryan}}
* {{OpenDomesday|SE5548|askham-bryan|Askham &#91;Bryan&#93;}}
*{{Genuki|county=ARY|Askham Bryan|Askhambryan|}}

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[[Category:Villages in the City of York]]
[[Category:Civil parishes in North Yorkshire]]