Editing Artesia, Mississippi

{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name            = Artesia, Mississippi
|settlement_type          = [[Town]]
|nickname                 = 
|motto                    =

<!-- Images -->
|image_skyline            = 
|imagesize                = 
|image_caption            = 
|image_flag               = 
|image_seal               =

<!-- Maps -->
|image_map = Lowndes_County_Mississippi_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Artesia_Highlighted.svg
|mapsize                  = 250px
|map_caption              = Location of Artesia, Mississippi
|image_map1               = 
|mapsize1                 = 
|map_caption1             = 
| pushpin_map = Mississippi#USA#North America
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Mississippi
|pushpin_label = Artesia

<!-- Location -->
|subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
|subdivision_name         = United States
|subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_name1        = [[Mississippi]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Mississippi|County]]
|subdivision_name2        = [[Lowndes County, Mississippi|Lowndes]]
|government_footnotes     = 
|government_type          = 
|leader_title             = 
|leader_name              = 
|leader_title1            = 
|leader_name1             = 
|established_title        = 
|established_date         =

<!-- Area -->
|unit_pref  = Imperial
|area_footnotes           = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2020">{{cite web|title=2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_28.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=July 24, 2022}}</ref>
|area_magnitude           = 
|area_total_km2           = 1.88
|area_land_km2            = 1.87
|area_water_km2           = 0.00
|area_total_sq_mi         = 0.72
|area_land_sq_mi          = 0.72
|area_water_sq_mi         = 0.00

<!-- Population -->
|population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
|population_footnotes     = 
|population_total         = 304
|population_density_km2   = 162.37
|population_density_sq_mi = 420.47

<!-- General information -->
|timezone                 = [[North American Central Time Zone|Central (CST)]]
|utc_offset               = -6
|timezone_DST             = CDT
|utc_offset_DST           = -5
|elevation_footnotes      = 
|elevation_m              = 70
|elevation_ft             = 230
|coordinates              = {{coord|33|24|58|N|88|38|43|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}}
|postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]
|postal_code              = 39736
|area_code                = [[Area code 662|662]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 28-02100
|blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info              = 0666384
|website                  = 
|footnotes                = 
|pop_est_as_of = 
|pop_est_footnotes = 
|population_est = 
}}
'''Artesia''' is a town in [[Lowndes County, Mississippi|Lowndes County]], [[Mississippi]]. The population was 304 at the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], down from 440 at the 2010 census.

==History==
Artesia was originally ''Artesia Junction'', a junction point on the [[Mobile and Ohio Railroad]]. During the railroad's construction in the 1850s, an offer was made to the towns of [[Columbus, Mississippi|Columbus]] and [[Aberdeen, Mississippi|Aberdeen]] to route the railroad through the towns, but both towns refused. Columbus reconsidered a few months later; but by that time, the railway had already chosen a route well to the west of the town. However, the railroad did extend a spur line in order to serve Columbus, and that spur line joins the main line at the site of present-day Artesia.

Artesia was the site of a voter suppression incident in 1876 in which a group of heavily armed white men from Starkville came to intimidate black voters in the Republican Club.<ref>{{cite web|title=Full text of "Mississippi: Testimony as to denial of elective franchise in Mississippi at the elections of 1875 and 1876, taken under the resolution of the Senate of December 5, 1876"|url=https://archive.org/stream/mississippitesti00unit/mississippitesti00unit_djvu.txt|access-date=December 17, 2017|date=December 5, 1876}}</ref> Federal troops were called to intervene, which enraged many whites, who depicted the event as a negro riot.<ref>{{cite news|title=The Artesia Affair|url=https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83016926/1876-11-08/ed-1/seq-2/|access-date=December 17, 2017|publisher=The Weekly Clarion|date=November 8, 1876}}</ref>

The name originates from a cluster of [[artesian well]]s that were found in the area.

==Geography==
Artesia is located at {{coord|33|24|58|N|88|38|43|W|type:city}} (33.416077, -88.645249).<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=April 23, 2011|date=February 12, 2011|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}</ref>

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the town has a total area of {{convert|0.8|sqmi|km2}}, of which {{convert|0.7|sqmi|km2}} is land and 1.33% is water.

==Demographics==

=== 2020 census ===
As of the 2020 census, there were 304 people, 159 households, and 185 families.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Artesia town, Mississippi |url=https://data.census.gov/profile/Artesia_town,_Mississippi?g=160XX00US2802100 |access-date=April 15, 2023 |website=United States Census Bureau}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+'''Artesia, Mississippi – Racial and ethnic composition'''<br><small>{{nobold|''Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.''}}</small>
!Race / Ethnicity <small>(''NH = Non-Hispanic'')</small>
!Pop 2000<ref name=2000CensusP004>{{Cite web|title=P004 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – Artesia town, Mississippi|url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALSF12000.P004?g=160XX00US2802100|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
!Pop 2010<ref name=2010CensusP2>{{Cite web|title=P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Artesia town, Mississippi|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=160XX00US2802100&tid=DECENNIALPL2010.P2|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
!{{partial|Pop 2020}}<ref name=2020CensusP2>{{Cite web|title=P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Artesia town, Mississippi|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=160XX00US2802100&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
!% 20010
!% 2010
!{{partial|% 2020}}
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino whites|White]] alone (NH)
|96
|56
|style='background: #ffffe6; |33
|19.28%
|12.73%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |10.86%
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans|Black or African American]] alone (NH)
|395
|372
|style='background: #ffffe6; |258
|79.32%
|84.55%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |84.87%
|-
|[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]] alone (NH)
|0
|0
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0
|0.00%
|0.00%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.00%
|-
|[[Asian Americans|Asian]] alone (NH)
|0
|5
|style='background: #ffffe6; |1
|0.00%
|1.14%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.33%
|-
|[[Pacific Islander Americans|Pacific Islander]] alone (NH)
|2
|0
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0
|0.40%
|0.00%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.00%
|-
|[[Race and ethnicity in the United States census|Some Other Race]] alone (NH)
|0
|0
|style='background: #ffffe6; |1
|0.00%
|0.00%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.33%
|-
|[[Multiracial Americans|Mixed Race or Multi-Racial]] (NH)
|1
|5
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0
|0.20%
|1.14%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.00%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] (any race)
|4
|2
|style='background: #ffffe6; |11
|0.80%
|0.45%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |3.62%
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''498'''
|'''440'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''304'''
|'''100.00%'''
|'''100.00%'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''100.00%'''
|}

=== 2010 census ===
As of the [[2010 United States Census]], there were 440 people living in the town. 84.5% were [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 13.0% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 1.1% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.2% from some other race and 1.1% [[Multiracial American|of two or more races]]. 0.5% were [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race.

As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=January 31, 2008 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref> of 2000, there were 498 people, 176 households, and 124 families living in the town. The population density was {{convert|671.8|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 196 housing units at an average density of {{convert|264.4|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the town was 79.32% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 19.88% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.20% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.40% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], and 0.20% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 0.80% of the population.

There were 176 households, out of which 39.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 34.7% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 30.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.0% were non-families. 27.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.83 and the average family size was 3.50.

{{US Census population
|1880= 150
|1890= 313
|1900= 343
|1910= 535
|1920= 583
|1930= 612
|1940= 521
|1950= 594
|1960= 469
|1970= 444
|1980= 526
|1990= 484
|2000= 498
|2010= 440
|2020= 304
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015}}</ref>
}}
In the town, the population was spread out, with 33.7% under the age of 18, 10.4% from 18 to 24, 27.5% from 25 to 44, 18.1% from 45 to 64, and 10.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 28 years. For every 100 females, there were 86.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 83.3 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $18,438, and the median income for a family was $21,429. Males had a median income of $20,000 versus $13,750 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the town was $8,716. About 42.2% of families and 43.0% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 60.0% of those under age 18 and 13.0% of those age 65 or over.

==Education==
The Town of Artesia is served by the [[Lowndes County School District (Mississippi)|Lowndes County School District]].

==Notable person==
* [[Jim Roberts (baseball)|Jim Roberts]], former [[pitcher]] for the [[Brooklyn Robins]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Jim Roberts Stats |url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/r/roberji01.shtml |website=baseball-reference.com |access-date=April 9, 2023}}</ref>

==References==
<references />

{{Lowndes County, Mississippi}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Towns in Lowndes County, Mississippi]]
[[Category:Towns in Mississippi]]