Editing Art Garfunkel

{{short description|American singer (born 1941)}}
{{Use American English|date=December 2024}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=December 2024}}
{{Infobox musical artist
| image            = ArtGarfunkelPall230717-17 (cropped).jpg
| caption          = Garfunkel performing in 2017 at the [[London Palladium]]
| birth_name       = Arthur Ira Garfunkel
| birth_date       = {{Birth date and age|1941|11|5}}
| birth_place      = New York City, U.S.
| genre            = {{flatlist|
* [[Folk music|Folk]]
* [[Rock music|rock]]
* [[Pop music|pop]]
}}
| occupation       = {{flatlist|
* Singer
* actor
* poet
}}
| years_active     = 1956–present
| label            = {{flatlist|
* [[Columbia Records|Columbia]]
* [[Manhattan Records|Manhattan]]
* [[Atco Records|Atco]]
}}
| past_member_of  = [[Simon & Garfunkel]]
| spouse            = {{plainlist|
* {{marriage|Linda Grossman|1972|1975|reason=div}}
* {{marriage|Kathryn Cermak|1988}}
}}
| partner           = [[Laurie Bird]] (1974–1979)
| website         = {{URL|artgarfunkel.com}}
|module={{Infobox person|child=yes
| signature        = Art Garfunkel signature.svg}}
}}

'''Arthur Ira Garfunkel''' (born November 5, 1941) is an American singer, actor and poet who is best known for his partnership with [[Paul Simon]] in the [[folk rock]] duo [[Simon & Garfunkel]].

Born in [[Forest Hills, Queens]], New York, Garfunkel became acquainted with Simon through an elementary school play, a production of ''[[Alice in Wonderland]]''. Their combined presence in music began in the 1950s, and throughout the 1960s the duo of Simon & Garfunkel achieved great chart success with tracks such as "[[The Sound of Silence]]", "[[Mrs. Robinson]]" (written for the 1967 film ''[[The Graduate]]''), "[[Scarborough Fair (ballad)#Simon & Garfunkel version|Scarborough Fair]]", "[[The Boxer]]" and "[[Bridge over Troubled Water (song)|Bridge over Troubled Water]]". The last song's title also served as the name of Simon & Garfunkel's [[Bridge over Troubled Water|final album]] in 1970. Simon & Garfunkel split for personal reasons, but the pair have occasionally reunited in the years since. Both men experienced success in solo careers in the years following the duo's breakup.

Highlights of Garfunkel's solo music career include one top 10 hit, three top 20 hits, six top 40 hits, 14 [[Adult contemporary music|Adult Contemporary]] top 30 singles, five Adult Contemporary number ones, two UK number ones and a [[People's Choice Awards|People's Choice Award]]. Through his solo and collaborative work, Garfunkel has earned eight [[Grammy Awards]], including a [[Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award|Lifetime Achievement Award]].<ref name="Grammy">{{Cite web |title=Art Garfunkel |url=https://www.grammy.com/grammys/artists/art-garfunkel |access-date=April 16, 2018 |website=[[Grammy]]}}</ref> In 1990, he and Simon were inducted into the [[Rock and Roll Hall of Fame]]. In 2008, Garfunkel was ranked 86th in ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' magazine's list of the ''100 Greatest Singers of All Time''.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Lethem |first=Jonathan |date=November 27, 2008 |title=100 Greatest Singers of All Time |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/100-greatest-singers-of-all-time-147019/ |url-status=live |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180714074240/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/100-greatest-singers-of-all-time-147019/ |archive-date=July 14, 2018 |access-date=June 30, 2019}}</ref>

==Early life==
Garfunkel was born in [[Forest Hills, Queens]], New York City, to Rose (née Pearlman) and Jacob "Jack" Garfunkel, a traveling salesman. Art was a middle child with two brothers, the older Jules and the younger Jerome. Jacob's parents had immigrated to the United States at the beginning of the twentieth century and settled in Manhattan. Before his career in sales, Jacob worked as an actor in [[Dayton, Ohio]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Fornatale |first=Pete |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3xrGR7hYesYC&q=Jacob+%22Jack%22+Garfunkel&pg=PT24 |title=Simon and Garfunkel's Bookends |date=November 22, 2007 |publisher=St. Martin's Press |isbn=978-1-59486-427-8 |access-date=April 23, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230222190642/https://books.google.com/books?id=3xrGR7hYesYC&q=Jacob+%22Jack%22+Garfunkel&pg=PT24 |archive-date=February 22, 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="ageless">{{Cite news |last=Horan |first=Tom |date=February 17, 2007 |title=Garfunkel's Ageless Art |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |location=London |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/rockandjazzmusic/3663214/Garfunkel%27s-ageless-art.html |url-status=dead |access-date=April 25, 2010 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120911223326/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/rockandjazzmusic/3663214/Garfunkel%27s-ageless-art.html |archive-date=September 11, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Wellisz |first=Chris |date=May 14, 1989 |title=Celebrities' Moms Are Stars for a Day |work=[[Miami Herald]] |url=http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=MH&p_text_direct-0=0EB33C7F03AF8302&p_field_direct-0=document_id |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170216073446/http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=MH&p_text_direct-0=0EB33C7F03AF8302&p_field_direct-0=document_id |archive-date=February 16, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Martin |first=Douglas |date=August 14, 1991 |title=About New York; Just Simon in the Park, to Garfunkel's Disappointment |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/08/14/nyregion/about-new-york-just-simon-in-the-park-to-garfunkel-s-disappointment.html |url-status=live |access-date=June 2, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091120140853/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/08/14/nyregion/about-new-york-just-simon-in-the-park-to-garfunkel-s-disappointment.html |archive-date=November 20, 2009 |quote=Soon, he and Paul Simon, two sons of Forest Hills, Queens, who became bards of the 60's, would stride to the shimmering center of a vast Central Park stage, and a generation growing overweight and apart would for a few fleeting hours feel forever young.}}</ref> Garfunkel is of [[History of the Jews in Romania|Moldavian-Jewish]] descent,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Csillag |first=Ron |date=1998 |title=Art Garfunkel's Feelin' Groovy Again |work=[[Canadian Jewish News]] |url=http://www.artgarfunkel.com/articles/cjn.html |url-status=live |access-date=April 23, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110427211938/http://www.artgarfunkel.com/articles/cjn.html |archive-date=April 27, 2011 |via=Art Garfunkel's official website}}</ref> his paternal grandparents having emigrated from the city of [[Iași]]. When he was young, he often sang in synagogue.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Greenhaus |first=Mike |date=March 3, 2018 |title=Interview: Art Garfunkel on His Reflective Memoir, Paul Simon and Monterey Pop |url=https://relix.com/articles/detail/interview_art_garfunkel_on_his_reflective_memoir_paul_simon_and_monterey_pop/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726093939/https://relix.com/articles/detail/interview_art_garfunkel_on_his_reflective_memoir_paul_simon_and_monterey_pop/ |archive-date=July 26, 2020 |access-date=September 3, 2021 |website=Relix.com}}</ref> His maternal cousin was [[Lou Pearlman]], who ran one of the biggest [[Ponzi]] scams in history,<ref name="msnbc">{{dead link | date = November 2022}} (March 4, 2008). [http://www.today.com/id/23473811 "Boy Band Founder to Plead Guilty in $300M Suit"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200203171119/http://www.today.com/id/23473811 |date=February 3, 2020 }}. [[Associated Press]] (via ''[[Today (American TV program)|Today]]''). Retrieved April 9, 2009.</ref> and founder of the [[Backstreet Boys]] and [[NSYNC]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=November 9, 2000 |title=Art's Sake: Is Garfunkel Headed to Scarborough Fair? No, the Rock and Roll Hall of Famer Is Going to Har Zion |url=http://www.artgarfunkel.com/articles/exponent.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110727132148/http://www.artgarfunkel.com/articles/exponent.html |archive-date=July 27, 2011 |access-date=April 23, 2011 |website=[[The Jewish Exponent]] |via=Art Garfunkel's official website}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Hopkins |first=Tom |date=August 16, 1998 |title=The Art of Garfunkel |work=[[Dayton Daily News]] |url=http://www.artgarfunkel.com/articles/dayton.html |url-status=live |access-date=April 23, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110727132259/http://www.artgarfunkel.com/articles/dayton.html |archive-date=July 27, 2011 |via=ArtGarfunkel.com}}</ref>

According to the ''[[Across America (album)|Across America]]'' DVD, Garfunkel's love of singing originated in the first grade. "When we were lined up in size order, and after everyone else had left, I'd stay behind and enjoy the echo sound of the stairwell tiles and sing '[[Unchained Melody]]' and '[[You'll Never Walk Alone]]', learning to love this goosebumps song from the tender age of five." Later, Garfunkel's father bought him a [[wire recording|wire recorder]], and from then on, Garfunkel spent his afternoons singing, recording, and playing it back, so he could listen for flaws and learn how to improve.

At his [[bar mitzvah]] in 1954 in the Jewish Center of Kew Gardens Hills, Garfunkel performed as a [[hazzan|cantor]], singing over four hours of his repertoire for his family.<ref name="ageless" /> As a young teen, Garfunkel became ill with a lung infection, leading to a love for basketball. He explained in a 1998 interview: "In the summer of '55, I had a lung infection. I couldn't run around, but I loved basketball and there was a hoop nearby. Much of the summer I spent methodically hitting 96, 98 [[foul shots]] out of 100. Then 102! I never played on a team after junior high school. Just 3 against 3, half court pick up games in the schoolyard."<ref name="artgarfunkel.com">{{Cite web |year=1998 |title=Art Answers Fan Questions |url=http://www.artgarfunkel.com/articles/may1998.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110727132553/http://www.artgarfunkel.com/articles/may1998.html |archive-date=July 27, 2011 |access-date=April 23, 2011 |publisher=Art Garfunkel's official website}}</ref> He met future singing partner [[Paul Simon]] in the sixth grade at PS 164, when they were both cast in the elementary school graduation play, ''[[Alice in Wonderland]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lester |first=Paul |date=June 11, 2015 |title=Art Garfunkel: The Truth About Me and Paul |url=http://www.thejc.com/lifestyle/lifestyle-features/137646/art-garfunkel-the-truth-about-me-and-paul |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122130941/https://www.thejc.com/lifestyle/lifestyle-features/137646/art-garfunkel-the-truth-about-me-and-paul |archive-date=January 22, 2021 |access-date=October 18, 2015 |website=[[The Jewish Chronicle]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Eliot |first=Marc |url=https://archive.org/details/paulsimonlife0000elio |title=Paul Simon: A Life |publisher=Wiley |year=2010 |isbn=978-0-470-43363-8 |url-access=registration}}</ref> It has been said by Garfunkel that Simon first became interested in singing after hearing Garfunkel sing a rendition of [[Nat King Cole]]'s "[[Too Young (Sidney Lippman and Sylvia Dee song)|Too Young]]" in a school talent show.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Zollo |first=Paul |date=1990 |title=Song Talk Interview |url=http://www.artgarfunkel.com/articles/songtalk.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140303023027/http://www.artgarfunkel.com/articles/songtalk.html |archive-date=March 3, 2014 |access-date=July 25, 2014 |website=ArtGarfunkel.com}}</ref>

Between 1956 and 1962, the two performed together as "Tom & Jerry", a moniker coined by their label Big Records, occasionally performing at school dances.<ref name="simonandgarfunkel.com">{{Cite news |title=Simon & Garfunkel Career Timeline – The Official Simon & Garfunkel Site |work=The Official Simon & Garfunkel Site |publisher=Simonandgarfunkel.com |url=http://www.simonandgarfunkel.com/us/timeline |url-status=live |access-date=July 25, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151119065401/http://www.simonandgarfunkel.com/us/timeline |archive-date=November 19, 2015}}</ref> Their idols were [[The Everly Brothers]], whom they imitated in their use of close two-part [[vocal harmony]]. In 1957, Simon & Garfunkel recorded the song "Hey, Schoolgirl" under the name Tom & Jerry.<ref name="simonandgarfunkel.com" /> The single reached number 49 on the pop charts.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Stevenson |first=James |date=September 2, 1967 |title=On the Road with Simon and Garfunkel |url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/1967/09/02/simon-and-garfunkel |url-status=live |department=The Talk of the Town |magazine=[[The New Yorker]] |page=25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200803200429/https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/1967/09/02/simon-and-garfunkel |archive-date=August 3, 2020 |access-date=April 16, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Holden |first=Stephen |author-link=Stephen Holden |date=October 15, 1981 |title=Art Garfunkel: Scissors Cut |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/albumreviews/scissors-cut-19811015 |url-status=dead |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171124182339/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/albumreviews/scissors-cut-19811015 |archive-date=November 24, 2017 |access-date=July 25, 2014}}</ref> After Tom & Jerry came to a close, Garfunkel released two singles under the name Artie Garr: "Dream Alone"/"Beat Love" and "Forgive Me"/"Private World" with [[Warwick Records (United States)|Warwick]] and Octavia Records respectively.<ref name=":0" /> Both singles would fail to chart.<ref name=":0" />

After graduating from [[Forest Hills High School (New York)|Forest Hills High School]] alongside Simon, Garfunkel initially majored in architecture at [[Columbia College (New York)|Columbia University]], where he was a brother in the [[Alpha Epsilon Pi]] [[fraternities and sororities|fraternity]] and lived in [[Carman Hall]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Some of Our More Famous Alumni |url=http://undergrad.aepialpha.org/alumni.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724230539/http://undergrad.aepialpha.org/alumni.php |archive-date=July 24, 2011 |access-date=April 23, 2011 |publisher=Alpha Epsilon Pi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=March 25, 2005 |title=Where the Stars Slept at CU |work=[[Columbia Daily Spectator]] |url=https://spectatorarchive.library.columbia.edu/?a=d&d=cs20050325-03.2.17&srpos=12&e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-%22Julia+Stiles%22------ |access-date=January 12, 2022 |via=SpectatorArchive.Library.Columbia.edu}}</ref> Garfunkel was a team member in tennis, skiing, fencing, and bowling at the college and also joined the all-male [[a cappella]] group on campus, the Columbia Kingsmen.<ref name="artgarfunkel.com" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=John Legend – Ivy League Celebrities |url=http://xfinity.comcast.net/slideshow/entertainment-ivyleague/8/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121022004836/http://xfinity.comcast.net/slideshow/entertainment-ivyleague/8/ |archive-date=October 22, 2012 |access-date=December 27, 2012 |website=Xfinity.comcast.net}}</ref> While at Columbia his roommate, [[Sanford Greenberg]], developed [[glaucoma]] and went blind. Garfunkel assisted him in his homework by reading his textbooks to Greenberg, who went on to graduate with honors.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shea |first=Rich |date=October 30, 2012 |title=A $2 Million Bridge over Troubled Waters – Eye on the Cure |url=http://www.blindness.org/blog/index.php/a-2-million-bridge-over-trouble-waters/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180924033358/https://www.blindness.org/blog/index.php/a-2-million-bridge-over-trouble-waters/ |archive-date=September 24, 2018 |access-date=January 25, 2018 |website=Blindness.org |language=en-US}}</ref> Another roommate of his was [[Tishman Speyer]] founder [[Jerry Speyer]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hond |first=Paul |date=2016 |title=Old Friends |url=https://magazine.columbia.edu/article/old-friends |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221231004114/https://magazine.columbia.edu/article/old-friends |archive-date=December 31, 2022 |access-date=January 21, 2023 |website=Columbia Magazine |language=en}}</ref> Greenberg later gave Garfunkel $500 to go and record a demo of "The Sound of Silence".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Brody |first=William R. |date=May 26, 2005 |title=Johns Hopkins University {{!}} Commencement 2005 |url=http://pages.jh.edu/news/commence05/speeches/brody.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180126071006/http://pages.jh.edu/news/commence05/speeches/brody.html |archive-date=January 26, 2018 |access-date=January 25, 2018 |website=pages.jh.edu}}</ref> Garfunkel ultimately earned a BA in [[History of art|art history]] in 1965,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Arthur Ira Garfunkel |url=http://c250.columbia.edu/c250_celebrates/remarkable_columbians/art_garfunkel.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121102020443/http://c250.columbia.edu/c250_celebrates/remarkable_columbians/art_garfunkel.html |archive-date=November 2, 2012 |access-date=September 19, 2012 |publisher=C250.columbia.edu}}</ref><ref>Columbia University alumni directory</ref> followed by an MA in [[mathematics education]] from [[Teachers College, Columbia University]] in 1967. He also completed coursework toward a doctorate in the latter discipline at [[Teachers College, Columbia University]] during the peak of Simon & Garfunkel's commercial success; however, he later dropped out.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lester |first=Paul |date=June 24, 2015 |title=Interview Art Garfunkel: 'Weird Is a Fair Word for Me' |url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2015/jun/24/art-garfunkel-paul-simon-jack-nicholson-bridge-over-troubled-water-interview |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160129200031/http://www.theguardian.com/music/2015/jun/24/art-garfunkel-paul-simon-jack-nicholson-bridge-over-troubled-water-interview |archive-date=January 29, 2016 |access-date=February 22, 2023 |website=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref name="Herman, January 1977">{{Cite news |last=Herman |first=Jan |date=February 6, 1977 |title=TV Makes You Famous; Rock'n Roll Makes You Rich |agency=[[Gannett News Service]] |url=http://www.artgarfunkel.com/articles/gannett.html |url-status=live |access-date=April 23, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210106070834/http://www.artgarfunkel.com/articles/gannett.html |archive-date=January 6, 2021 |via=Art Garfunkel's official website}}</ref>

==Career==
===Simon and Garfunkel===
{{Main|Simon & Garfunkel}}
[[File:Simon and Garfunkel Madison Square Garden 1972.jpg|alt=Art Garfunkel and Paul Simon singing on stage at Madison Square Garden in 1972. |thumb|upright=1.3|Garfunkel with Paul Simon at Madison Square Garden, 1972]]
In 1963, Garfunkel and Simon (who graduated from [[Queens College]] before dropping out of [[Brooklyn Law School]]) reformed their duo under their own names as "Simon and Garfunkel". They released their first album, ''[[Wednesday Morning, 3 A.M.]]'' on [[Columbia Records]] in October 1964.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Simon & Garfunkel: Wednesday Morning, 3AM – Album Cover Location |url=http://www.popspotsnyc.com/simonandgarfunkel/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210128132359/https://www.popspotsnyc.com/simonandgarfunkel/ |archive-date=January 28, 2021 |access-date=July 25, 2014 |publisher=Popspotsnyc.com}}</ref> It was not a critical or commercial success, and the duo split. The next year, producer [[Tom Wilson (record producer)|Tom Wilson]] lifted the song "[[The Sound of Silence]]" from the record, dubbed an electric backing onto it,<ref name="Wednesday Morning, 3 A.M.">{{Cite web |last=Bruce Eder |title=Wednesday Morning, 3 A.M. |url=http://allmusic.com/album/wednesday-morning-3-am-r17998/review |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230222190643/https://www.allmusic.com/album/wednesday-morning-3-am-mw0000191731 |archive-date=February 22, 2023 |access-date=May 4, 2011 |website=[[AllMusic]]}}</ref> and released it as a single that went to number one on the ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' pop charts.

Simon had gone to the United Kingdom in 1965 after the initial failure of ''Wednesday Morning, 3 A.M.'', to pursue a solo career. He briefly teamed with songwriter [[Bruce Woodley]] of [[The Seekers]]. After "The Sound of Silence" had started to enjoy commercial success, he returned to the US to reunite with Garfunkel. The duo recorded four more influential albums: ''[[Sounds of Silence]]''; ''[[Parsley, Sage, Rosemary and Thyme]]''; ''[[Bookends (album)|Bookends]]''; and the hugely successful ''[[Bridge over Troubled Water]]''.

They contributed to the soundtrack of the 1967 [[Mike Nichols]] film ''[[The Graduate]]'' (starring [[Dustin Hoffman]] and [[Anne Bancroft]]). While writing "[[Mrs. Robinson]]", Simon originally considered the title "Mrs. Roosevelt".<ref name="Mrs. Roosevelt">{{Cite web |title=Mrs. Robinson by Simon & Garfunkel |url=http://www.songfacts.com/detail.php?id=1283 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110614063544/http://www.songfacts.com/detail.php?id=1283 |archive-date=June 14, 2011 |access-date=May 4, 2011 |website=Songfacts}}</ref> When Garfunkel reported this indecision over the song's name to the director, Nichols replied, "Don't be ridiculous! We're making a movie here! It's Mrs. Robinson!"<ref>{{Cite AV media notes |title=Old Friends |title-link=Old Friends (1997 Simon and Garfunkel album) |others=[[Simon & Garfunkel]] |year=1997 |first=David |last=Fricke |author-link=David Fricke |type=Liner notes |publisher=[[Columbia Records|Columbia]]/[[Legacy Recordings]]}}</ref>
Simon & Garfunkel traveled together to England in the fall of 1968. They made a concert appearance at Kraft Hall, which was broadcast on the BBC and featured Garfunkel's solo performance of "[[For Emily, Whenever I May Find Her]]". He received a standing ovation.

While Garfunkel was not a songwriter, he did write the poem "Canticle" as a re-write of Simon's "Side of A Hill" from his debut album, for "[[Scarborough Fair/Canticle]]".<ref name="Side of a hill">{{Cite web |title=Paul Simon |url=http://www.paul-simon.info/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110430084427/http://paul-simon.info/ |archive-date=April 30, 2011 |access-date=May 4, 2011 |website=Paul-Simon.info}}</ref> He worked as the vocal arranger for the duo, working out by whom the songs would be sung and how each song was produced. He is also credited as having written the arrangement on "[[The Boxer]]" and creating "Voices of Old People" (an audio montage) on ''[[Bookends (album)|Bookends]]''.

Citing personal differences and divergence in career interests, they split following the release of their most critically acclaimed album, ''Bridge over Troubled Water'', in 1970. Each pursued solo projects after 1970. They occasionally reunited, as in 1975 for their Top Ten single "[[My Little Town]]", which Simon originally wrote for Garfunkel, claiming Garfunkel's solo output was lacking "bite". The song was included on their respective solo albums: Simon's ''[[Still Crazy After All These Years]]'' and Garfunkel's ''[[Breakaway (Art Garfunkel album)|Breakaway]]''. Contrary to popular belief, the song is not autobiographical of Simon's early life but of Garfunkel's childhood in Queens.<ref>"The Boy in the Bubble" by Patrick Humphries, page 96.</ref> In 1981, they got together again for a [[The Concert in Central Park|concert in Central Park]], followed by a world tour and an aborted reunion album ''Think Too Much'', which was eventually released, by Simon without Garfunkel, as ''[[Hearts and Bones]]''. They were inducted into the [[Rock and Roll Hall of Fame]] in 1990.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Simon and Garfunkel – Rock & Roll Hall of Fame |url=https://www.rockhall.com/inductees/simon-and-garfunkel |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210817152416/https://www.rockhall.com/inductees/simon-and-garfunkel |archive-date=August 17, 2021 |access-date=April 30, 2020 |website=RockHall.com}}</ref>

In 2003, they reunited when they received a [[Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award]], leading to a US tour: the acclaimed "Old Friends" concert series. It was followed by another in 2004, which culminated in a free concert at the [[Colosseum]] in Rome. The concert drew 600,000 people.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Paul Simon News on Yahoo! Music |url=http://music.yahoo.com/read/news/12175339 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050404201404/http://music.yahoo.com/read/news/12175339 |archive-date=April 4, 2005 |website=[[Yahoo! Music]]}}</ref>

===1970–1975: Hiatus and first album===
During a three-year hiatus after Simon & Garfunkel's breakup, Garfunkel starred in two Mike Nichols films, ''[[Catch-22 (film)|Catch-22]]'' (1970) and ''[[Carnal Knowledge (film)|Carnal Knowledge]]'' (1971). He also spent late 1971 to early 1972 working as a mathematics teacher teaching geometry to high school [[sophomore]]s at the short-lived Litchfield Academy in Connecticut.<ref name="artgarfunkel.com" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Stevenson |first=Bud |date=September 5, 2014 |title=Houdini, Garfunkel and Me |url=http://www.dailyrepublic.com/opinion/localopinioncolumnists/houdini-garfunkel-and-me/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160221060751/http://www.dailyrepublic.com/opinion/localopinioncolumnists/houdini-garfunkel-and-me/ |archive-date=February 21, 2016 |access-date=November 15, 2017 |website=[[Daily Republic]]}}</ref>

In late 1972, with Simon & Garfunkel having released their ''[[Simon and Garfunkel's Greatest Hits|Greatest Hits]]'' album and briefly reuniting to perform a benefit concert for presidential candidate [[George McGovern]], Garfunkel felt ready to return to his musical career. His first album was 1973's ''[[Angel Clare]]'', which contained "[[All I Know]]", "I Shall Sing" and "Travelling Boy" as singles. The album was received with mixed reviews, reaching number 5 in the U.S. In 1974, Garfunkel released the hit single "[[Second Avenue (song)|Second Avenue]]".

On his next album, 1975's ''[[Breakaway (Art Garfunkel album)|Breakaway]]'', Garfunkel briefly reunited with Simon for the 1975 hit "[[My Little Town]]". The album also included the singles "Break Away" (B-Side: "[[Disney Girls (Art Garfunkel song)|Disney Girls]]") and "[[I Only Have Eyes for You]]" (a 1934 song written by [[Harry Warren]]),<ref>{{Cite web |title=Call Me a Fool |url=http://www.harrywarren.org/songs/0195b.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130103213950/http://www.harrywarren.org/songs/0195b.htm |archive-date=January 3, 2013 |access-date=December 27, 2012 |website=HarryWarren.org}}</ref> which is noted as Garfunkel's first UK number one.

===1976–1979: Solo efforts ===
In 1976, Garfunkel recorded both background and duet vocals for several artists, including [[Stephen Bishop (singer)|Stephen Bishop]]'s ''Careless'' album, [[James Taylor]]'s ''[[In the Pocket (James Taylor album)|In The Pocket]]'' album and [[JD Souther]]'s ''[[Black Rose (J. D. Souther album)|Black Rose]]'' album. From December 1976 to September 1977, Garfunkel worked on his next album.

Garfunkel's next release was the 1977 album ''[[Watermark (Art Garfunkel album)|Watermark]]'' (US No. 19, UK No. 26). It failed to make an impression on the public upon release. Its main single, "Crying in My Sleep" ("Mr. Shuck 'N' Jive") (UK No. 25) didn't reach the US Top 40. After a two-month hiatus, it was re-released in January 1978, with Garfunkel's cover of [[Sam Cooke]]'s "[[Wonderful World (Sam Cooke song)|(What a) Wonderful World]]" (B-Side: "Wooden Planes"), reaching number one on the Adult Contemporary chart and seventeen on the pop chart. Paul Simon and mutual friend [[James Taylor]] had contributed backing vocals to the song, which was a huge hit on the US A.C. charts. In 1978, Garfunkel toured the U.S. and Canada extensively with noted guitarist [[Arlen Roth]], [[John Barlow Jarvis]] on piano, and [[Leah Kunkel]] on second vocals.

Garfunkel's last release of the 1970s was the 1979 album ''[[Fate for Breakfast]]'' (US No. 67, UK No. 2). It was his first US flop. The album's first single, "In A Little While (I'll Be on My Way)" (B-Side: "And I Know") (US AC No. 12) failed to break the top forty, as did his second single, "[[Since I Don't Have You]]" (B-Side: "When Someone Doesn't Want You") (US No. 53, US AC No. 5, UK No. 38). The album was a huge success in the UK, scoring a number one hit with "[[Bright Eyes (Art Garfunkel song)|Bright Eyes]]" (B-Side: "Sail on a Rainbow") (US AC No. 29, UK No. 1) (a song written by [[Mike Batt]]). A version of "Bright Eyes" also appeared in the movie ''[[Watership Down (film)|Watership Down]]''.

Garfunkel's girlfriend since 1974, [[Laurie Bird]], died by suicide in June 1979 at their Manhattan apartment, three months after the album's release in March. Garfunkel later admitted that the incident left him in a deep depression.<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 18, 2018 |title=Penny Marshall's Ex-Boyfriend Art Garfunkel Once Credited Her for Pulling Him out of a Deep Depression |url=https://www.inquisitr.com/5214929/penny-marshalls-boyfriend-art-garfunkel-depression/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126160026/https://www.inquisitr.com/5214929/penny-marshalls-boyfriend-art-garfunkel-depression/ |archive-date=January 26, 2021 |access-date=April 2, 2021 |website=[[Inquisitr]]}}</ref>

===1980–1995: Depression and withdrawal===
[[File:Art-Garfunkel.jpg|thumb|Garfunkel in a concert in [[Dublin]], {{circa|1982}}]]

In 1980, he sang on the [[Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young]] song "[[Daylight Again]]", featured on the album of the same name.

Garfunkel's next album was a low point in his career. The 1981 album, ''[[Scissors Cut]]'' (US No. 113, UK No. 51) (dedicated to Bird), contained three singles, "A Heart in New York" (B-Side: "Is This Love") (US No. 66, US AC No. 10), "Scissors Cut", and "Hang On In". The latter two failed to chart.

Following disappointing sales of ''Scissors Cut'', Garfunkel reunited with Simon for ''[[The Concert in Central Park]]'' and a world tour. They had significant disagreements during the tour. In 1984, ''Stereo Review Magazine'' reported that Simon mixed out Garfunkel's voice from a new album. It was initially slated to be a Simon & Garfunkel studio reunion, but was ultimately released as a Simon solo album (''[[Hearts and Bones]]''). In 1986, Garfunkel played the part of the butcher on the [[Mike Batt]] [[concept album]] ''[[The Hunting of the Snark (musical)|The Hunting of the Snark]]''.

Garfunkel released his first compilation album in 1984, ''[[The Art Garfunkel Album]]'' (UK No. 12), never released in the US,<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 11, 2001 |title=The Art Garfunkel Album – (1984 – Columbia Records – This Album Was Not Released in the U.S.) |url=http://www.artgarfunkel.com/cds/artgar.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111201131734/http://www.artgarfunkel.com/cds/artgar.html |archive-date=December 1, 2011 |access-date=November 21, 2011 |website=ArtGarfunkel.com}}</ref> which contained the minor hit "Sometimes When I'm Dreaming" (UK No. 77, US AC No. 25).

Garfunkel again left the music scene when his father died. In the fall of 1985, he met his future wife, Kathryn "Kim" Cermak; they were married in September 1988.<ref name="Bio">{{Cite web |title=1985–1989 |url=http://www.artgarfunkel.com/chrono/1989-1985.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130828010231/http://www.artgarfunkel.com/chrono/1989-1985.html |archive-date=August 28, 2013 |website=ArtGarfunkel.com}}</ref> Garfunkel's retirement lasted until his 1988 album, ''[[Lefty (album)|Lefty]]'' (US, No. 134), which produced three singles, "[[So Much in Love]]" (US No. 76, US AC No. 11), "When a Man Loves a Woman", and "This Is the Moment".

===1996–2006: Resurgence===
Garfunkel's live 1996 concert ''[[Across America (album)|Across America]]'' (UK No. 35), recorded at the registry hall on [[Ellis Island]], featured musical guests [[James Taylor]], Garfunkel's wife, Kim, and their son James.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Strauss |first=Neil |date=April 16, 1996 |title=Pop Review; Pausing from His Trek, Art Garfunkel Performs |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/04/16/arts/pop-review-pausing-from-his-trek-art-garfunkel-performs.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230213173745/https://www.nytimes.com/1996/04/16/arts/pop-review-pausing-from-his-trek-art-garfunkel-performs.html |archive-date=February 13, 2023 |access-date=February 13, 2023 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref>

Garfunkel performed the theme song for the 1991 television series ''[[Brooklyn Bridge (TV series)|Brooklyn Bridge]]'' and "The Ballad of Buster Baxter" for a 1998 episode of the children's educational television series ''[[Arthur (TV series)|Arthur]]'', where he was depicted as a singing moose.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Art Garfunkel Website {{!}} 1998 |url=http://www.artgarfunkel.com/chrono/1998.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071222070958/http://www.artgarfunkel.com/chrono/1998.html |archive-date=December 22, 2007}}</ref> Garfunkel's performance of [[Monty Python]] member [[Eric Idle]]'s "[[Always Look on the Bright Side of Life]]" was used in the end credits of the 1997 film ''[[As Good as It Gets]]''.

In 2003, Garfunkel made his debut as a songwriter on his ''[[Everything Waits to Be Noticed]]'' album. Teaming up with singer-songwriters [[Maia Sharp]] and Buddy Mondlock, the album contained several songs which were originally poems written by Garfunkel.

In 2003, Simon and Garfunkel reunited again for a successful world tour that extended into 2004.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Knopper |first=Steve |date=August 9, 2004 |title=Simon Garfunkel Conquer – Music News |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/simon-garfunkel-conquer-20040809 |url-status=dead |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170718205914/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/simon-garfunkel-conquer-20040809 |archive-date=July 18, 2017 |access-date=November 21, 2011}}</ref> That same year, his song "Sometimes When I'm Dreaming" from ''The Art Garfunkel Album'' (1984) (written by [[Mike Batt]]) was re-recorded by [[ABBA]] singer [[Agnetha Fältskog]] on her album ''[[My Colouring Book]]''.

In 2006, Garfunkel signed with [[Rhino Records]] (revived [[Atco Records]]), releasing his first Rhino/Atco album ''[[Some Enchanted Evening (Art Garfunkel album)|Some Enchanted Evening]]'' in the United States on January 30, 2007.<ref>{{Cite press release |title=New Art Garfunkel CD – Rhino Press Release #455 |date=November 17, 2006 |publisher=[[Rhino Records]] |url=http://www.rhino.com/rzine/pressrelease.lasso?PRID=455 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090620150759/http://www.rhino.com/rzine/pressrelease.lasso?PRID=455 |archive-date=June 20, 2009}}</ref> The album was a dedicated celebration of pop standards of Garfunkel's childhood.

===2008–present: Recent events and vocal problems===
[[File:Art Garfunkel 2013.jpg|thumb|Art Garfunkel in New York City, 2013]]

In 2009, Garfunkel appeared as himself on the HBO television show ''[[Flight of the Conchords (TV series)|Flight of the Conchords]]'' episode entitled "Prime Minister".

Garfunkel continued to tour in 2009 with four musicians and his son.<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 11, 2001 |title=Concerts |url=http://www.artgarfunkel.com/concerts.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111205045002/http://www.artgarfunkel.com/concerts.html |archive-date=December 5, 2011 |access-date=November 21, 2011 |website=ArtGarfunkel.com}}</ref>

On February 13, 2009, Simon and his band re-opened New York's Beacon Theatre, which had been closed for seven months for renovation. As an encore, Simon brought out "my old friend, Art Garfunkel". They sang three songs: "Sound of Silence", "The Boxer", and "Old Friends".

On April 2, 2009, the duo announced a tour of Australia, New Zealand, and Japan for summer 2009.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Australia and New Zealand Snare the World's Only Confirmed Concerts for Simon & Garfunkel in 2009 |url=http://www.simonandgarfunkel.com/news.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101130120351/http://simonandgarfunkel.com/news.html |archive-date=November 30, 2010}}</ref> In late October, they participated together in the 25th anniversary of [[Rock and Roll Hall of Fame]] concerts at New York's [[Madison Square Garden]]. Other artists on the bill included [[Bruce Springsteen & The E Street Band]], [[U2]], [[Metallica]], [[Aretha Franklin]], [[Stevie Wonder]], and [[Crosby, Stills, & Nash]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Rock & Roll Hall of Fame celebrates its 25th anniversary with two groundbreaking concerts |url=http://www.simonandgarfunkel.com/news.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101130120351/http://simonandgarfunkel.com/news.html |archive-date=November 30, 2010}}</ref>

In January 2010, Garfunkel developed vocal problems following damage to his [[vocal cords]] as the result of an incident in which he had briefly [[choked]] on a piece of lobster.<ref name="Greene2015">{{Cite magazine |last=Greene |first=Andy |date=September 22, 2015 |title=Flashback: Simon and Garfunkel Play Together for Possibly the Last Time |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/flashback-simon-and-garfunkel-play-together-for-possibly-the-last-time-39629/ |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210428190558/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/flashback-simon-and-garfunkel-play-together-for-possibly-the-last-time-39629/ |archive-date=April 28, 2021}}</ref> In March 2010, Simon & Garfunkel announced a 13-date tour. According to a press release, the set list would focus on their classic catalog as well as songs from each of their solo careers.<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=March 8, 2010 |title=Simon and Garfunkel Confirm Spring North American Tour |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/rockdaily/index.php/2010/03/08/simon-garfunkel-confirm-spring-north-american-tour/ |url-status=dead |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100311061339/http://www.rollingstone.com/rockdaily/index.php/2010/03/08/simon-garfunkel-confirm-spring-north-american-tour/ |archive-date=March 11, 2010}}</ref> The first date in the tour was on April 24, a headlining set at the 2010 [[New Orleans Jazz & Heritage Festival]]. Due to his vocal cord injury, singing proved difficult for Garfunkel. "I was terrible, and crazy nervous. I leaned on Paul Simon and the affection of the crowd", he told ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' several years later.<ref name="Art2014">{{Cite magazine |last=Greene |first=Andy |date=February 19, 2014 |title=Art Garfunkel Is Ecstatic: 'My Voice Is 96 Percent Back' |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/art-garfunkel-is-ecstatic-my-voice-is-96-percent-back-20140219 |url-status=dead |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] |location=New York City |issn=0035-791X |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141229102641/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/art-garfunkel-is-ecstatic-my-voice-is-96-percent-back-20140219 |archive-date=December 29, 2014 |access-date=September 21, 2014}}</ref> Several months later on June 10, they performed "[[Mrs. Robinson]]" at an [[AFI Life Achievement Award]] tribute to director [[Mike Nichols]], in what proved to be their last performance together to date.<ref name="Greene2015" /> On June 17, Simon & Garfunkel canceled the tour, previously rescheduled for July 2010, which was postponed indefinitely while Garfunkel attempted to recover from a [[vocal cord paresis]].<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Prince |first=David J. |date=June 18, 2010 |title=Simon & Garfunkel Cancel Summer Tour |url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/photos/live/957720/simon-garfunkel-cancel-summer-tour |url-status=live |magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100618001103/http://www.billboard.com/#/ |archive-date=June 18, 2010 |access-date=June 18, 2010}}</ref>

In November 2010, Garfunkel said that because of quitting smoking he was recovering from paresis and would be touring in 2011.<ref name="RS 2010">{{Cite magazine |last=Andy Greene |date=November 5, 2010 |title=Art Garfunkel Plans Return of Simon Garfunkel As His Voice Mends – Music News |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/51942/231353 |url-status=dead |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101107082024/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/51942/231353 |archive-date=November 7, 2010 |access-date=November 21, 2011}}</ref>

He tried to resume touring in August 2012 just after releasing a 34-song retrospective, ''The Singer''.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ahearn |first=Victoria |date=August 27, 2012 |title=Art Garfunkel Wrestles with Musical Future |work=[[Vancouver Sun]] |agency=[[The Canadian Press]] |url=https://vancouversun.com/entertainment/music/Garfunkel+wrestles+with+musical+future/7150984/story.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120910083557/http://www.vancouversun.com/entertainment/music/Garfunkel%2Bwrestles%2Bwith%2Bmusical%2Bfuture/7150984/story.html |archive-date=September 10, 2012}}</ref> Garfunkel scheduled 19 solo shows in the United States and Sweden between August and December 2012. 16 of the shows were canceled. Garfunkel was due to perform at Night of The Proms in [[Gothenburg]] and [[Malmö]], Sweden, on September 28 and 29, 2012, but canceled at the last minute due to an "unforeseen vocal issue".<ref name="THR 20121001">{{Cite magazine |date=October 1, 2012 |title=Art Garfunkel a No-Show for Two Concerts in Sweden |url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/art-garfunkel-cancels-shows-sweden-375538 |url-status=live |magazine=The Hollywood Reporter |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728111204/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/art-garfunkel-cancels-shows-sweden-375538 |archive-date=July 28, 2020 |access-date=March 14, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=September 30, 2012 |title=Art Garfunkel saknas – Kultur & Nöjen – Sydsvenskan-Nyheter Dygnet Runt |url=http://www.sydsvenskan.se/kultur--nojen/art-garfunkel-saknas/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121204014011/http://www.sydsvenskan.se/kultur--nojen/art-garfunkel-saknas/ |archive-date=December 4, 2012 |access-date=December 27, 2012 |publisher=Sydsvenskan.se}}</ref> Speaking about his voice in February 2013, Garfunkel said "It's getting mostly better; I'm pretty much there" and that he was starting to book small shows again.<ref name="TGC 20130212">{{Cite news |last=Michaels, Sean |date=February 12, 2013 |title=Art Garfunkel implicates film director Mike Nichols in split with Paul Simon |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2013/feb/12/art-garfunkel-paul-simon |url-status=live |access-date=March 14, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140430000203/http://www.theguardian.com/music/2013/feb/12/art-garfunkel-paul-simon |archive-date=April 30, 2014}}</ref> In 2014, he resumed touring, with Tab Laven accompanying him on acoustic guitar, his voice restored.

On the September 30, 2015, episode of ''[[The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon]]'', Garfunkel took part in the spoof "Black Simon & Garfunkel" skit with members of [[The Roots]].

The Simon and Garfunkel song "[[America (Simon & Garfunkel song)|America]]" was used by [[Bernie Sanders]] during his [[Bernie Sanders 2016 presidential campaign|2016 presidential campaign]];<ref>{{Citation |title=America {{!}} Bernie Sanders | date=January 21, 2016 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2nwRiuh1Cug |access-date=August 5, 2023 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |title=The Late Show With Stephen Colbert: A Simon & Garfunkel Tune For Every Candidate | date=January 27, 2016 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wDqyRsGNMaE |access-date=August 5, 2023 |language=en}}</ref> Garfunkel appreciated Sanders' fight against wealth inequality.<ref>{{Citation |title=CNN: Art Garfunkel on Sanders ad using "America" | date=January 23, 2016 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R6UzS8K7IxA |access-date=August 5, 2023 |language=en}}</ref>

On September 26, 2017, Knopf Doubleday published in hardcover Garfunkel's memoir ''What Is It All but Luminous: Notes from an Underground Man''. Penguin Random House has published it in softcover and audiobook.<ref>{{Cite web |title=What Is It All but Luminous by Art Garfunkel |url=https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/236102/what-is-it-all-but-luminous-by-art-garfunkel/9780385352475 |url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502160404/https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/236102/what-is-it-all-but-luminous-by-art-garfunkel/9780385352475 |archive-date=May 2, 2019 |access-date=May 2, 2019 |website=PenguinRandomhouse.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
On April 10, 2023, Garfunkel canceled his remaining concert dates and his management announced "that he has decided not to return to touring for the foreseeable future."

In the fall of 2024, Garfunkel announced the release of a new studio album, "Father And Son", a duets album with his son, Art Garfunkel Jr. "Father And Son" was released on November 8, 2024. The album features twelve cover songs, including "Blackbird", "Blue Moon", "Vincent", and one Simon & Garfunkel song, a new recording of "Old Friends".

===Poetry===
Garfunkel, an avid reader and [[bibliophile]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 11, 2001 |title=Official website |url=http://www.artgarfunkel.com/library/list33.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140727163242/http://www.artgarfunkel.com/library/list33.html |archive-date=July 27, 2014 |access-date=July 25, 2014 |publisher=Art Garfunkel}}</ref> has said that while growing up the Garfunkel household was not a literary family and that it was not until entering Columbia University in 1959 that he began to "read a million books and became a reader." Thus began his interest in poetry.<ref name="ReferenceA">{{Cite web |date=September 11, 2001 |title=Official website |url=http://www.artgarfunkel.com/articles/1989.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222001644/http://www.artgarfunkel.com/articles/1989.html |archive-date=February 22, 2014 |access-date=July 25, 2014 |publisher=Art Garfunkel}}</ref>

Garfunkel's poetic career began in 1981 while on the Simon & Garfunkel 1981–1982 tour in Switzerland. He was riding a motorcycle and began writing a poem describing the countryside. In 1989, ''Still Water'', Garfunkel's collection of prose poetry, was released to acclaim. Topics included his depression over the loss of his father; Laurie Bird, his companion who committed suicide; his friendship with Paul Simon; and the joy of returning to music.<ref name="ReferenceA" />

Garfunkel's website contains a year-by-year listing of every book he has read since 1968.<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 11, 2001 |title=Official website |url=http://www.artgarfunkel.com/library/list1.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111120192041/http://www.artgarfunkel.com/library/list1.html |archive-date=November 20, 2011 |access-date=November 21, 2011 |publisher=Art Garfunkel}}</ref> Currently the list contains more than 1,000 books. He has also read the entire Random House Dictionary. Garfunkel has an interest in the philosopher [[Jean-Jacques Rousseau]], having read his book ''[[Confessions (Jean-Jacques Rousseau)|Confessions]]'' at least three times (according to Garfunkel's website, the book was the 1st, 252nd, and 1,000th book he read).

===Acting===
Garfunkel pursued an acting career in the early 1970s, appearing in two [[Mike Nichols]] films: ''[[Catch-22 (film)|Catch-22]]'' (1970), in which he played a supporting role as the 19-year-old naive [[Nately|Lieutenant Nately]], and ''[[Carnal Knowledge (film)|Carnal Knowledge]]'' (1971), a co-starring role in which he played the idealistic character Sandy. His role as Sandy secured him a nomination for Best Supporting Actor at the 1972 [[Golden Globe Awards]].

He later appeared in [[Nicolas Roeg]]'s ''[[Bad Timing]]'' (1980) as Alex Linden, an American [[psychiatrist]] who serves as the film's main [[antagonist]]. The film received the [[Toronto International Film Festival|Toronto Festival of Festivals]]' highest honor, the People's Choice Award, and the [[London Film Critics' Circle]] Award for Best Director.

He appeared in ''[[Good to Go (film)|Good to Go]]'' (1986), directed by Blain Novak, starring as a Washington, D.C., journalist who struggles to clear his name after being framed for rape and murder. Garfunkel then appeared in the medical crime drama ''[[Boxing Helena]]'' (1993), directed by [[Jennifer Lynch]], as Lawrence Augustine.

Garfunkel's most recent film is ''[[The Rebound]]'' (2010), directed by [[Bart Freundlich]]. He played Harry Finklestein, the slightly senile and comic-relief father of the film's main character.

==Voice classification==
Garfunkel is a [[tenor]] who usually sang the higher parts in Simon & Garfunkel's harmonies.<ref name="Telegraph2012">{{Cite news |last=McCormick |first=Neil |date=October 17, 2012 |title=Art Garfunkel: Who Am I If I Am Not a Singer? |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/rockandpopfeatures/9614997/Art-Garfunkel-Who-am-I-if-I-am-not-a-singer.html |url-status=live |url-access=subscription |access-date=March 7, 2016 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/rockandpopfeatures/9614997/Art-Garfunkel-Who-am-I-if-I-am-not-a-singer.html |archive-date=January 11, 2022}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Garfunkel's voice changed almost imperceptibly until his late fifties, when it began to lower after years of smoking.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Official website |url=http://www.artgarfunkel.com/articles/canadian.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141016122550/http://www.artgarfunkel.com/articles/canadian.html |archive-date=October 16, 2014 |access-date=July 25, 2014 |publisher=Art Garfunkel}}</ref> He quit smoking around 2010 to aid his recovery from [[vocal cord paresis]].<ref name="RS 2010" />

==Personal life==
Garfunkel married Linda Marie Grossman (b. 1944), an architect,<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=October 23, 1972 |title=Milestones |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,878085,00.html |url-status=dead |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101022194944/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,878085,00.html |archive-date=October 22, 2010 |access-date=September 19, 2012}}</ref> in [[Nashville, Tennessee|Nashville]] on October 1, 1972, and they divorced in 1975. He has claimed that not only did he not love her, he did not even like her much.<ref>{{Cite web |date=July 24, 2000 |title=He and Paul Simon Split Up in Acrimony Nearly 30 Years Ago, but Art Garfunkel, Soon to Make a Rare Appearance in Britain, Still Wonders What Would Have Happened Had He and Simon Stayed Together |url=http://www.artgarfunkel.com/articles/telegraph.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111104182653/http://www.artgarfunkel.com/articles/telegraph.html |archive-date=November 4, 2011 |access-date=November 21, 2011 |website=Official website |publisher=Art Garfunkel |type=article}}</ref>

He was romantically involved with actress and photographer [[Laurie Bird]] from March 1974 until her suicide in 1979<ref>{{Cite web |title=Official website |url=http://www.artgarfunkel.com/chrono/1975-1979.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150219060138/http://www.artgarfunkel.com/chrono/1975-1979.html |archive-date=February 19, 2015 |access-date=November 21, 2011 |publisher=Art Garfunkel}}</ref> from an overdose of [[Valium]]<ref>{{cite book|last=Atkinson|first=Michael|author-link=Michael Atkinson (writer)|title=[[Exile Cinema|Exile Cinema: Filmmakers at Work beyond Hollywood]]|location=[[Albany, New York]]|publisher=[[State University of New York Press|SUNY Press]]|year=2008|isbn=978-0-7914-7861-5|oclc=878707252|page=185}}</ref> in the New York apartment they shared. Garfunkel was deeply affected by her death, and said: "She was beautiful, in a lonesome, haunted way, and I adored her. But I wasn't ready for marriage and she was not very comfortable being Laurie. She wasn't happy with herself. Her mother committed suicide at 26, and so did she."<ref name="Telegraph">{{cite news|last1=Shelden|first1=Michael|title=Can Art get the harmony back?|accessdate=June 7, 2016|date=January 27, 2003|work=[[The Daily Telegraph|The Telegraph]]|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/rockandjazzmusic/3589084/Can-Art-get-the-harmony-back.html}}</ref>

In late 1985, Garfunkel met former model Kathryn (Kim) Cermak (b. 1958; Czech spelling ''Čermák'') while shooting ''[[Good to Go (film)|Good to Go]]''. They married on September 18, 1988, and have two sons born in 1990 and 2005, via surrogate mother.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Baker |first=KC |date=November 7, 2005 |title=Art Garfunkel a Father Again at 64 |url=http://www.people.com/people/article/0,26334,1138395,00.html |magazine=[[People (magazine)|People]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160413142941/http://www.people.com/people/article/0,26334,1138395,00.html |archive-date=April 13, 2016 |access-date=November 21, 2011}}</ref> Arthur Jr. is also a singer, and released two German-language tribute albums with Simon & Garfunkel's greatest hits.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Zipperlen |first=René |date=November 16, 2021 |title=Simon & Garfunkel als deutscher Schlager? Art macht Ernst |language=German |work=[[Badische Zeitung]] |url=https://www.badische-zeitung.de/simon-und-garfunkel-als-deutscher-schlager-art-macht-ernst--206498564.html |url-status=live |access-date=March 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220331171129/https://www.badische-zeitung.de/simon-und-garfunkel-als-deutscher-schlager-art-macht-ernst--206498564.html |archive-date=March 31, 2022}}</ref> Garfunkel and Garfunkel Jr. collaborated on "Father and Son" in 2024; "My dad chose more of the songs from the 1940s," the younger singer explained,"and I was more of the 1980s selection. The 'Father and Son' recording was my suggestion, and my father did a great job with it."<ref>{{Cite web |title= 
Garfunkel and Garfunkel Jr. -Interview |url=https://pennyblackmusic.co.uk/Home/DetailsMobile?id=28265 |access-date=13 February 2025 |website=Penny Black Music|language=en-US}}</ref>

Garfunkel senior has undertaken several long walks in his lifetime, writing poetry along the way. In the early 1980s, he walked across Japan in a number of weeks.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Official website |url=http://www.artgarfunkel.com/chrono/1980-1985.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160814164147/http://www.artgarfunkel.com/chrono/1980-1985.html |archive-date=August 14, 2016 |access-date=July 7, 2016 |publisher=Art Garfunkel}}</ref> From 1983 to 1997, Garfunkel walked across the United States,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Official website |url=http://www.artgarfunkel.com/walks.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160530113617/http://www.artgarfunkel.com/walks.html |archive-date=May 30, 2016 |access-date=July 7, 2016 |publisher=Art Garfunkel}}</ref> taking 40 excursions to complete the route from New York City to the Pacific coast of Oregon. In May 1998, Garfunkel launched an instalment walk across Europe,<ref>{{Cite web |title=EuroWalk |url=http://www.artgarfunkel.com/europe_walk.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160814071618/http://www.artgarfunkel.com/europe_walk.html |archive-date=August 14, 2016 |access-date=July 7, 2016 |publisher=Art Garfunkel}}</ref> from a start in Ireland to his final stop in Istanbul in 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |title=EuroWalk |url=http://www.artgarfunkel.com/europe_walk.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160814071618/http://www.artgarfunkel.com/europe_walk.html |archive-date=August 14, 2016 |access-date=July 7, 2016 |website=Art Garfunkel Official website}}</ref>

Despite being a native New Yorker, Garfunkel is a lifelong [[Philadelphia Phillies]] fan, having written on his website: "I never followed the crowd. So as a Queens kid, I didn't want to be a [[Brooklyn Dodgers|Dodger]], a [[New York Yankees|Yankee]], or [[New York Giants (baseball)|Giant]] fan. One day when I was 8 I went to Ebbets Field and saw the Phillies with their red pinstripes, [[Robin Roberts (baseball)|Robin Roberts]], [[Willie Jones (third baseman)|Pudinhead Jones]]. Somehow this was for me. The rest is loyalty. Decades of pain."<ref>{{Cite news |last=Cridlin |first=Jay |date=October 21, 2008 |title=Know Your Phamous Phillies Phans |work=[[Tampa Bay Times]] |url=http://www.tampabay.com/features/popculture/know-your-phamous-phillies-phans/864985 |access-date=February 26, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170227064120/http://www.tampabay.com/features/popculture/know-your-phamous-phillies-phans/864985 |archive-date=February 27, 2017}}</ref>

In 2017, Garfunkel came out as bisexual in his memoir What Is It All but Luminous: Notes from an Underground Man, saying "I was an angel singer, a homework nut; an underground man-lover of all beautiful asses, beautiful faces, beautiful bodies, boys and girls." <ref>Art Garfunkel, What Is It All But Luminous: Notes from an Underground Man (New York: Knopf, 2017), ISBN 978-0-3853-5247-5</ref>

Garfunkel has been arrested twice for the possession of [[cannabis (drug)|marijuana]]: once in early 2004 and again in August 2005.<ref>{{Cite news |date=August 31, 2005 |title=Garfunkel Arrested over Marijuana Possession |work=[[ABC News Online]] |agency=[[Reuters]] |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/newsitems/200508/s1449644.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101229232325/http://www.abc.net.au/news/newsitems/200508/s1449644.htm |archive-date=December 29, 2010}}</ref>

==Nominations==
* 1972 [[Golden Globe Awards]], [[Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture|Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture]], for ''[[Carnal Knowledge (film)|Carnal Knowledge]]''
* 1998 [[Grammy Awards]], [[Grammy Award for Best Musical Album for Children|Best Musical Album for Children]], for ''[[Songs from a Parent to a Child]]''

==Awards==
* 1969 [[Grammy Awards]], [[Record of the Year]], for "[[Mrs. Robinson]]" as part of ([[Simon & Garfunkel]])
* 1969 [[Grammy Awards]], [[Grammy Award for Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals|Best Contemporary Pop Performance]], for "Mrs. Robinson" as part of ([[Simon & Garfunkel]])
* 1970 [[Grammy Awards]], [[Grammy Award for Album of the Year|Album of the Year]], for ''[[Bridge over Troubled Water]]'' ([[Simon & Garfunkel]])
* 1970 [[Grammy Awards]], [[Record of the Year]], for "[[Bridge over Troubled Water (song)|Bridge over Troubled Water]]"
* 1970 [[Grammy Awards]], [[Best Arrangement Accompanying Vocalist(s)]], for ''Bridge over Troubled Water''
* 1977 Britannia Award, Best International Pop LP and Single, 1952–77, for "Bridge over Troubled Water"
* 2015 German Sustainability Award<ref>{{Cite web |title=nachhaltigkeitspreis (Nachhaltigkeitspreis) |url=https://www.nachhaltigkeitspreis.de/category/preistraeger/006_ehrenpreistraeger/#intern |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161020080848/https://www.nachhaltigkeitspreis.de/category/preistraeger/006_ehrenpreistraeger/#intern |archive-date=October 20, 2016 |website=Nachhaltigkeitspreis.de}}</ref>

==Work on Broadway==
* ''Rock 'N Roll! The First 5,000 Years'' (1982) – [[revue]] – featured singer for [[Mrs. Robinson]]
* ''[[Mike Nichols]] and [[Elaine May]]: Together Again on Broadway'' (1992) – concert – performer
* ''[[The Graduate]]'' (2002) – play – featured songwriter

==Discography==
{{main|Art Garfunkel discography}} {{see also|Simon & Garfunkel discography}}
* ''[[Angel Clare]]'' (1973)
* ''[[Breakaway (Art Garfunkel album)|Breakaway]]'' (1975)
* ''[[Watermark (Art Garfunkel album)|Watermark]]'' (1977)
* ''[[Fate for Breakfast]]'' (1979)
* ''[[Scissors Cut]]'' (1981)
* ''[[The Animals' Christmas]]'' (1986) <small>(with [[Amy Grant]])</small>
* ''[[Lefty (album)|Lefty]]'' (1988)
* ''[[Songs from a Parent to a Child]]'' (1997)
* ''[[Everything Waits to Be Noticed]]'' (2002) <small>(with [[Maia Sharp]] and Buddy Mondlock)</small>
* ''[[Some Enchanted Evening (Art Garfunkel album)|Some Enchanted Evening]]'' (2007)
* ''Father and Son'' (2024) <small>(with Art Garfunkel Jr.)</small>

==Filmography==
{| class="wikitable"
! Year
! Film or television series
! Role
! Notes
|-
| 1970
|scope="row"| ''[[Catch-22 (film)|Catch-22]]''
| Lieutenant Edward J. Nately III
| Debut screen role
|-
| 1971
|scope="row"| ''[[Carnal Knowledge (film)|Carnal Knowledge]]''
| Dr. Sandy Kaufman
| Nomination for [[Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture]]
|-
| 1973
|scope="row"| ''Acts of Love and Other Comedies''
| Nick
| Television film
|-
| 1975
|scope="row"| ''[[Saturday Night Live]]''
| Himself
| Episode: "Season 1 Episode 2"
|-
| 1980
|scope="row"| ''[[Bad Timing]]''
| Dr. Alex Linden
|
|-
| 1980
|scope="row"| ''[[Laverne & Shirley]]''
| The Mighty Oak
| Episode: "The Beatnik Show"
|-
| 1986
|scope="row"| ''[[Good to Go (film)|Good to Go]]''
| S.D. Blass
|
|-
| 1990
|scope="row"| ''[[Mother Goose Rock 'n' Rhyme]]''
| Georgie Porgie
| Television film
|-
| 1993
|scope="row"| ''[[Boxing Helena]]''
| Dr. Lawrence Augustine
|
|-
| 1994
|scope="row"| ''[[Frasier]]''
| Chester (voice)
| Episode: "Adventures in Paradise: Part 1"
|-
| 1998
|scope="row"| ''[[54 (film)|54]]''
| Himself
|Cameo
|-
|1998
|scope="row"| ''[[Arthur (TV series)|Arthur]]''
| Singing Moose (voice)
| Episode: "The Ballad of Buster Baxter"
|-
| 2001
|scope="row"| ''[[Longshot (film)|Longshot]]''
| Himself
|Cameo
|-
| 2003
|scope="row"| ''[[American Dreams]]''
| Mr. Greenwood
| Episode: "False Start"
|-
| 2009
|scope="row"| ''[[Flight of the Conchords (TV series)|Flight of the Conchords]]''
| Himself
| Episode: "[[Prime Minister (Flight of the Conchords)|Prime Minister]]"
|-
| 2009
|scope="row"| ''[[The Rebound]]''
| Harry Finklestein
| 
|-
| 2011
|scope="row"| ''[[Beatles Stories]]''
| Himself
| Documentary
|-
| 2017
|scope="row"| ''Cecile on the Phone''
| Dr. Saltzman
| Short film
|}

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==Sources==
{{refbegin}}
* {{Cite book |last=Garfunkel |first=Art |title=Still Water: Prose Poems |date=August 1989 |publisher=Dutton and Dial |isbn=978-0-525-24795-1}}
* {{Cite book |last=Cohen |first=Mitchell S. |title=Simon & Garfunkel: A Biography in Words & Pictures |publisher=Sire Books |year=1977}}
* {{Cite book |last=Humphries |first=Patrick |title=Bookends: The Simon and Garfunkel Story |date=August 1983 |publisher=Proteus |isbn=978-0-86276-063-2}}
* {{Cite book |last=Svenson |first=John |title=Simon and Garfunkel: A Musical Autobiography |date=November 15, 1984 |publisher=W.H.Allen |isbn=978-0-491-03490-6}}
* {{Cite book |last=Matthew-Walker |first=Robert |title=Simon and Garfunkel |publisher=[[Hippocrene Books]] |year=1984 |isbn=978-0-88254-729-9}}
* {{Cite book |last1=Morella |first1=Joseph |title=Simon and Garfunkel: Old Friends: A Dual Biography |last2=Patricia Barey |date=October 1991 |publisher=Carol Publishing Corporation |isbn=978-1-55972-089-2 |edition=1st}}
* {{Cite book |last=Kingston |first=Victoria |title=Simon & Garfunkel: The Definitive Biography |date=May 1997 |publisher=Trans-Atlantic Publications |isbn=978-0-330-34970-3}}
* {{Cite book |last=Fornatale |first=Pete |title=Simon & Garfunkel's Bookends |date=October 30, 2007 |publisher=Rodale Books |isbn=978-1-59486-427-8 |edition=1st}}
{{refend}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Art Garfunkel}}
{{wikiquote}}
* {{Official website}}
* {{Discogs artist}}
* {{IMDb name}}
*{{MusicBrainz artist}}
* {{URL|http://c250.columbia.edu/c250_celebrates/remarkable_columbians/art_garfunkel.html|Arthur Ira Garfunkel}} – Columbians Ahead of Their Time, article at Columbia University.
* {{Webarchive|title=The Life and Music, Thus Far, of Art Garfunkel – An Interview|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080108122419/http://www.quirkee.com/content/view/1471/46/|date=January 8, 2008}}

{{Art Garfunkel|state=expanded}}
{{Navboxes
| title = Awards for Art Garfunkel
| list =
{{Grammy Award for Record of the Year}}
{{1990 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame}}
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}}
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{{Authority control}}

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