Editing Armed Forces of Serbia and Montenegro

{{short description|Military forces of Serbia and Montenegro}}
{{Redirect|Vojska Jugoslavije|other uses|Yugoslav People's Army}}
{{Infobox national military
| name = Armed Forces of Serbia and Montenegro<br />Yugoslav Army
| native_name = {{lang|sr|Војска Србије и Црне Горе}} / {{Transliteration|sr|Vojska Srbije i Crne Gore}} (2003–2006)<br />{{lang|sh|Војска Југославије}} / {{Transliteration|sh|Vojska Jugoslavije}} (1992–2003)
| image = Seal of the Army of Serbia and Montenegro.svg
| alt =
| caption = Serbia and Montenegro Armed Forces' seal
| image2 =
| alt2 =
| caption2 =
| motto =
| founded = {{Start date|1992|05|20}} (as the Yugoslav Army)
| current_form = [[Serbian Armed Forces]]<br />[[Armed Forces of Montenegro]]
| disbanded = {{Start date|2006|06|05}}
| branches = {{Flagicon image|Flag of Serbia and Montenegro (with coat of arms).svg}} [[Ground Forces of Serbia and Montenegro|Ground Forces]]<br />{{Flagicon image|Naval jack of Serbia and Montenegro.svg}} [[Armed Forces of Serbia and Montenegro#Naval forces|War Navy]]<br />{{Flagicon image|Flag of Serbia and Montenegro (with coat of arms).svg}} [[Air Force of Serbia and Montenegro|Air Force]]
| headquarters = [[Belgrade]], [[Republic of Serbia (1992–2006)|Serbia]], [[Serbia and Montenegro]]
| website = <!--{{URL|example.mil}}-->
<!-- Leadership -->| commander-in-chief = {{flagicon image|Flag of the President of Yugoslavia (1993–2003).svg}} [[Svetozar Marović]] (last)
| commander-in-chief_title = [[President of Serbia and Montenegro|President]]
| chief minister = {{flagicon image|Standard of the Prime Minister of Serbia and Montenegro.svg}} [[Dragiša Pešić]] (last)
| chief minister_title = [[Prime Minister of Serbia and Montenegro|Prime Minister]]
| minister = {{flagicon image|Standard of the Minister of Defense of Serbia and Montenegro.svg}} [[Zoran Stanković]] (last)
| minister_title = [[Ministry of Defence (Yugoslavia)|Minister of Defence]]
| commander = {{flagicon image|Standard of the Chief of the General Staff of the Army of Yugoslavia (1995–2003).svg}} [[Lieutenant colonel general|Lt. Col. General]] [[Ljubiša Jokić]] (last)
| commander_title = [[Chief of the General Staff (Yugoslavia)|Chief of the General Staff]]
<!-- Manpower -->| age = 19
| conscription = Yes
| manpower_data =
| manpower_age =
| available =
| available_f =
| fit =
| fit_f =
| reaching =
| reaching_f =
| active = 114,000 (1999)
| ranked =
| reserve = 400,000
(1999)
| deployed = <!-- Financial -->
| amount =
| percent_GDP = <!-- Industrial -->
| domestic_suppliers =
| foreign_suppliers =
| imports =
| exports = <!-- Related articles -->
| history = {{Tree list}}
* [[Yugoslav Wars]]
** [[Bosnian War]]
** [[Kosovo War]]
** [[Preševo Valley conflict]]
** [[Albania–Yugoslav border incident]]
{{Tree list/end}}
| ranks = [[Ranks and insignia of the Armed Forces of Serbia and Montenegro|Ranks and insignia of Serbia and Montenegro]]
}}

The '''Armed Forces of Serbia and Montenegro''' ({{lang-sh-Cyrl-Latn|Војска Србије и Црне Горе|Vojska Srbije i Crne Gore}}, [{{lang|sh|ВСЦГ}}/{{lang|sh|VSCG}}]) included ground forces with internal and border troops, [[navy|naval forces]], [[air force|air and air defense forces]], and [[civil defense]]. From 1992 to 2003, the ''VSCG'' was called the '''Yugoslav Army''' ({{lang-sh-Cyrl-Latn|link=no|separator=" / "|Војска Југославије, BJ |Vojska Jugoslavije, VJ}}, {{Literal translation|Army [of] Yugoslavia}}),<ref>{{cite web | author= Biljana Vankovska | date= 2000 |url=https://ciaotest.cc.columbia.edu/wps/vab03/ |title=Civil-Military Relations in the Third Yugoslavia | publisher= Copenhagen Peace Research Institute |via=Columbia University |type=working paper |access-date=15 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220509194850/https://ciaotest.cc.columbia.edu/wps/vab03/ |archive-date=9 May 2022 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|date=2000|first=Tim|last=Judah|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B4YbP0fPcMYC&pg=PA332|title=The Serbs|page=325|publisher=Yale University Press |isbn=0-300-08507-9 |quote=JNA (now simply called the Yugoslav Army)}}</ref> created from the remnants of the [[Yugoslav People's Army]] (JNA), the military of [[SFR Yugoslavia]] until the country disbanded. The [[rump state]], then named [[Federal Republic of Yugoslavia]], participated in the Yugoslav Wars with limited direct intervention of its own armed forces. Following the end of the Wars and the constitutional reforms of 2003 by which the state was renamed "Serbia and Montenegro", the military accordingly changed its name. The military was heavily involved in combating Albanian separatists during the [[Kosovo War]] and [[Preševo Valley conflict]], and also engaged [[NATO]] warplanes during the 1999 [[NATO bombing of Yugoslavia]].

Upon the dissolution of Serbia and Montenegro with the [[Montenegrin independence referendum, 2006|Montenegrin independence referendum]] (2006), a fraction of the joint military was given to Montenegro, with the bulk of the force remaining in [[Serbia]]. Montenegro inherited the navy as Serbia is landlocked.

==Organization==
{{Multiple image
|image1=Vojska Jugoslavije - KoV.svg
|caption1=Pre-2003 emblem of the Ground Forces
|image2=Vojska Jugoslavije - RViPVO.svg
|caption2=Pre-2003 emblem of the Air Force}}

===VJ===
The Army (or Armed Forces) of Yugoslavia (VJ) was organized into the following:

====Ground Forces====
* 1st Army
** Novi Sad Corps
** Belgrade Command
** Kragujevac Corps
** Independent units
* 2nd Army
** Podgorica Corps
** Užice Corps
** Independent units
* 3rd Army
** Niš Corps
** Leskovac Corps
** Priština Corps
** Independent units

====Navy====
* War Command
* Flotilla
* 81st
* 83rd
* 85th
* 108th
* 110th
* 82nd
* 69th
* 367th
* 9th
* 10th
* 27th
* 61st
* 223rd
* 9th

====Air Force====
{{main|Air_Force_of_Serbia_and_Montenegro#Organization}}

===VSCG===
====Ground Forces====
{{main|Ground Forces of Serbia and Montenegro}}

==Inventory==
[[File:Vojska Jugoslavije.svg|right|200px|thumb|Official seal of the Yugoslav Forces, prior to its renaming.]]

===Ground Forces===

;Armoured vehicles
* [[M-84]]
* [[T-55]]A-~750
* [[BVP M-80|M-80A]]
* [[BTR-50]]
* [[BRDM-2]]
* [[BOV (APC)|BOV]]

;Artillery
* [[130 mm towed field gun M1954 (M-46)|M-46]]
* [[M101 howitzer|M-56]]
* [[M84 NORA - 152mm Field Gun-Howitzer|M-84 Nora-A]]
* [[122 mm howitzer 2A18 (D-30)|D-30]]
* [[2S1 Gvozdika]]
* [[M-63 Plamen|M-63]]
* [[M-77 Oganj|M-77]]

;Air Defence
* [[Bofors 40 mm Automatic Gun L/70|Bofors 40 mm gun L/70]]
* [[M53/59 Praga]] – 100–200
* [[Strela 2|SA-7]]
* [[9K34 Strela-3|SA-14]]
* [[9K38 Igla|SA-18]]
* [[SA-9]]
* [[SA-13]]
* [[S-125|SA-3]]
* [[2K12 Kub|SA-6]]

;Infantry weapons
* [[CZ-99]] Pistol 9&nbsp;mm
* [[Zastava M70|M70A/M70B1]] Assault Rifles 7.62&nbsp;mm
* [[M93 Black Arrow]] Long Range Rifle
* [[Zastava BGA 30mm|BGA]]
* [[Zastava M76|M76]] 7.9&nbsp;mm Sniper rifle
* [[Zastava M72|M72]] 7.62&nbsp;mm Machine gun
* [[Zastava M84|M84]] 7.62&nbsp;mm Machine gun
* [[Zastava M87|M87]] 12.7&nbsp;mm Heavy Machine gun<ref>[http://www.odbrana.mod.gov.rs/odbrana050/Arsenal%2010.pdf "Arsenal" magazine, 15 October 2007] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090326134425/http://www.odbrana.mod.gov.rs/odbrana050/Arsenal%2010.pdf |date=26 March 2009 }} {{in lang|sr}}</ref>
* [[AT-3 Sagger]]
* [[AT-4 Spigot]]
* [[M79 Rocket Launcher|M79 "Osa"]] 90&nbsp;mm
* [[M80 Rocket Launcher|M80 "Zolja"]] 64&nbsp;mm rocket grenade launcher

==Air Force==
 {{Main|Air Force of Serbia and Montenegro}}

The inventory included [[MiG-21]] (fighter/recon/trainer), [[MiG-29]] (fighter/trainer), [[Soko J-22]] (ground/recon/trainer), [[Soko G-2]] (fighter/bomber/trainer), [[Soko G-4]] (fighter/bomber/target/trainer, [[Antonov An-2]] (cargo), [[Antonov An-26]] (cargo), [[Yakovlev Yak-40]] (VIP), [[Mil Mi-8]] (multirole), [[Mil Mi-14]] (anti-submarine), [[Kamov Ka-25]] (anti-submarine), [[Kamov Ka-28]] (anti-submarine), [[Aérospatiale Gazelle]] (attack/utility/recon).

==Navy {{anchor|Naval forces}}==
{{Infobox military unit
| unit_name                     = War Navy of the Army of Yugoslavia (1992–2003)<br />War Navy of Serbia and Montenegro (2003–2006)
| native_name                   = {{Lang|sh|Ратна морнарица Војске Југославије}} (1992–2003)<br />{{Lang|sh|Ратна Морнарица Србије и Црне Горе}} (2003–2006)
| image                         = Seal of the Yugoslav Navy (1992–2003).svg
| caption                       = Emblem of the Navy from 1992 to 2003
| dates                         = May 1992 – June 2006
| country                       = {{Flag|Serbia and Montenegro}}
| march                         = "{{Lang|sh|Mi smo ratna mornarica!}}" ({{Langx|en|"We are the War Navy!"}})<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4IzfvNoVxGs|title = Yugoslavian Navy March &#124; Mi smo ratna mornarica! &#124; We are war navy!|website = [[YouTube]]| date=24 December 2018 }}</ref>
| garrison                      = {{Nowrap|Kotor, [[Republic of Montenegro (1992–2006)|Montenegro]], Serbia and Montenegro}}
| identification_symbol         = [[File:Naval Ensign of Serbia and Montenegro.svg|155px|center|border]]
| identification_symbol_label   = Ensign
| identification_symbol_2       = [[File:Naval jack of Serbia and Montenegro.svg|155px|center|border]]
| identification_symbol_2_label = Jack
}}

The Navy, officially called the '''War Navy of the Army of Yugoslavia''' ({{Lang-sh-Cyrl-Latn|Ратна морнарица Војске Југославије|Ratna mornarica Vojske Jugoslavije, RMVJ}}) from 1992 to 2003 and the '''War Navy of Serbia and Montenegro''' ({{Lang-sh-Cyrl-Latn|Ратна Морнарица Србије и Црне Горе|Ratna Mornarica Srbije i Crne Gore|War Navy of Serbia and Montenegro}}) from 2003 to 2006, was based in [[Kotor]] and was largely made of vessels inherited from the pre-1992 [[Yugoslav Navy|Yugoslav War Navy]] ({{Lang-sh-Cyrl-Latn|Југословенска ратна морнарица|Jugoslovenska ratna mornarica|Yugoslav War Navy}}).<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_w6fI4PvO28C&dq=%22Federal+Yugoslav+Navy%22&pg=PA49|isbn=9780160392757|title=Hearings on National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1993--H.R. 5006 and Oversight of Previously Authorized Programs Before the Committee on Armed Services, House of Representatives, One Hundred Second Congress, Second Session: Seapower and Strategic and Critical Materials Subcommittee Hearings on Seapower : Hearings Held February 5, March 17, 24, April 2, 9, and 30, 1992|year=1992|publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-Wv-AQAAQBAJ&q=%22FEDERAL+YUGOSLAV+NAVY%22&pg=PT343 |title = Naval Strategy and Power in the Mediterranean: Past, Present and Future|isbn = 9781136713163|last1 = Hattendorf|first1 = John B.|date = 2013-11-05| publisher=Routledge }}</ref> During [[NATO]]'s [[Operation Allied Force]] in 1999, the Navy took control over civilian shipping around [[Kotor]], despite NATO's blockade<ref>{{Cite news |last=Myers |first=Steven Lee |date=1999-05-05 |title=CRISIS IN THE BALKANS: THE BLOCKADE; Leaders of NATO Reject Proposal by General Clark to Fire on Ships That Defy Oil Embargo |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1999/05/05/world/crisis-balkans-blockade-leaders-nato-reject-proposal-general-clark-fire-ships.html |access-date=2023-03-21 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> and in several actions the navy's warships fired at NATO aircraft that were on their way to strike Yugoslav targets.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Husarska |first=Anna |last2= |first2= |date=1999-04-17 |title=Opinion {{!}} Between Milosevic and the West, Montenegro's Balance of Fear |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1999/04/17/opinion/IHT-between-milosevic-and-the-west-montenegros-balance-of-fear.html |access-date=2023-03-21 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> The Navy claimed to have shot down three [[Unmanned Aerial Vehicle|UAV]]s over [[Boka Kotorska]]. The images of the remains of one of them were displayed online.<ref>{{Cite web |title=UAV REMAINS IN YUGOSLAVIA |url=https://web.archive.org/web/1999010101011/https://www.yumodelclub.tripod.com/war_over_yugoslav/uavgalery.htm |access-date=2023-03-21 |website=yumodelclub.tripod.com}}</ref>
* [[Koni class frigate|''Koni''-class frigate]] (2)
* [[Kotor class frigate|''Kotor''-class frigate]] (2)
* [[Heroj-class submarine|''Heroj''-class submarine]] (3)
* [[Sava-class submarine|''Sava''-class submarine]] (2)
* [[Una-class submarine|''Una''-class submarine]] (5)
* [[Končar-class missile boat|''Končar''-class missile boat]] (6)
* [[Osa class missile boat]] (10)
* Jadran sailboat
* [[Neštin-class river minesweeper|Neštin class minesweeper]] (7)
* Kozara river ship

==Intelligence==
* [[Security Administration (FR Yugoslavia)|Security Administration]]

==Operational experience==
* [[Croatian War]] and [[Bosnian War]] (1992–1995), unofficially, logistical support and supplies
* [[Insurgency in Kosovo (1995–98)|Insurgency in Kosovo]] (27 May 1995 – 28 February 1998), belligerent, counter-terrorism
* [[Kosovo War]] (28 March 1998 – 11 June 1999), including [[NATO bombing of Yugoslavia]] (23 March – 10 June 1999), belligerent
* [[Insurgency in the Preševo Valley]] (12 June 1999 – 1 June 2001), belligerent, counter-terrorism

==Statistics==
 [[image:Yu MBT M-84 01.jpg|thumb|right|200px|The [[M-84]] Main Battle Tank]]
Civilians fit for military service were estimated at 4,888,595 (2001 est.). The 2002 estimate for military expenditures as percent of [[Gross domestic product|GDP]] was 4.6%. Significant reforms were undertaken in the military of Serbia and Montenegro. In 2002 the Serbo-Montenegrin Military force numbered around 117,500 soldiers, supported by some 450,000 reserves. The 100,000 strong Army had 1,500 main battle tanks and 687 armed infantry vehicles. The Navy had 3,500 personnel, of whom 900 were marines. The entire Navy was composed totally out of 6 [[submarine]]s, 3 [[frigate]]s, 41 patrol & coastal ships and 14 "other" vessels. The Air force 14,000 personnel had 192 combat aircraft and 72 armed helicopters.

===Branches===
* Army or Ground Forces (Kopnena vojska – KoV VSCG)
* Air Force and Air Defense (Ratno Vazduhoplovstvo i Protivvazdušna odbrana – RV i PVO VSCG)
* Navy (Ratna Mornarica – RM VSCG)

'''Military manpower – military age:''' 19 years of age (2003 est.)

'''Military manpower – availability:'''
<br />''males age 15–49:'' 3,579,620 (2003 est.)

'''Military manpower – fit for military service:'''
<br />''males age 15–49:'' 3,077,660 (2003 est.)

'''Military manpower – reaching military age annually:'''
<br />''males:'' 101,547 (2003 est.)

'''Military expenditures – [[dollar]] figure:''' $954 million (2002)

'''Military expenditures – percent of [[Gross domestic product|GDP]]:''' 4.6% (2002. est.)

==International deployment==
The VJ was in Croatia until October 20, 1992.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.upi.com/Archives/1992/10/18/Last-Yugoslav-army-troops-withdrawing-from-Croatia/7791719380800/|title=Last Yugoslav army troops withdrawing from Croatia|website=UPI}}</ref>

The VSCG was part of [[MONUC]], the UN mission in the [[Democratic Republic of the Congo|Congo]]. The VSCG was also part of [[UNAMSIL]], the UN mission into [[Sierra Leone]].

Last chief of staff of the Military of Serbia and Montenegro was general [[Ljubiša Jokić]].

==See also==
{{Portal|Serbia}}
* [[Armed Forces of Montenegro]]
* [[Serbian Armed Forces]]
* [[Yugoslav People's Army]]
* [[Destruction of Albanian heritage in Kosovo]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Wiktionary|Yugoslav Army}}
* [http://web.archive.org/web/1/www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/serbia/army.htm Yugoslav Ground Forces]
* [http://web.archive.org/web/1/www.vojska.net/military/scg/ Serbian and Montenegrin Armed Forces / Vojska Srbije i Crne Gore – VSCG]
* [http://web.archive.org/web/1/www.vojska.net/military/srj/ Army of Yugoslavia / Vojska Jugoslavije]
* [http://web.archive.org/web/1/www.axisglobe.com/article.asp?article=369 The Great Secret of Serbian Military Affair], which covers the time when Serbia and Montenegro was in the state union
* [http://web.archive.org/web/1/www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Europe/Serbia-and-Montenegro-ARMED-FORCES.html Encyclopedia of the Nations]

{{Armed Forces of Serbia and Montenegro}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Military of Serbia and Montenegro]]
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1992]]
[[Category:Disbanded armed forces|Serbia]]
[[Category:Military units and formations disestablished in 2006]]
[[Category:Military history of the Mediterranean]]