Editing Arctic Village, Alaska

{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name            = Arctic Village
|native_name              = Vashrąįį K'ǫǫ
|settlement_type          = [[Census-designated place|CDP]]
|nickname                 = 
|motto                    =

<!-- Images -->
|image_skyline            = File:Aerial view of of arctic village adjacent to arctic national wildlife refuge.jpg
|imagesize                = 
|image_caption            = Aerial view of Arctic Village in wintertime.
|image_flag               = 
|image_seal               =

<!-- Maps -->
|image_map                = AKMap-doton-ArcticVillage.PNG
|map_caption              = Location of Arctic Village, Alaska
|mapsize                  = 250x200px
|image_map1               = 
|mapsize1                 = 
|map_caption1             =

<!-- Location -->
|subdivision_type         = Country
|subdivision_name         = United States
|subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_name1        = [[Alaska]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of boroughs and census areas in Alaska|Census Area]]
|subdivision_name2        = [[Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area, Alaska|Yukon-Koyukuk]]
|government_footnotes     = 
|government_type          = 
|leader_title             = [[Alaska Senate|State senator]]
|leader_name              = [[Mike Cronk]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|R]])
|leader_title1            = [[Alaska House of Representatives|State rep.]]
|leader_name1             = [[Rebecca Schwanke]] (R)
|established_title        = 
|established_date         =

<!-- Area -->
|area_magnitude           = 
|area_footnotes           = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2020">{{cite web|title=2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_02.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=October 29, 2021}}</ref>
|area_total_km2           = 181.23
|area_land_km2            = 165.20
|area_water_km2           = 16.03
|area_total_sq_mi         = 69.97
|area_land_sq_mi          = 63.78
|area_water_sq_mi         = 6.19

<!-- Population -->
|population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
|population_footnotes     = 
|population_total         = 151

<!-- General information -->
|timezone                 = [[Alaska Time Zone|Alaska (AKST)]]
|utc_offset               = -9
|timezone_DST             = AKDT
|utc_offset_DST           = -8
|elevation_footnotes      = 
|elevation_m              = 
|elevation_ft             = 
|coordinates              = {{coord|68|7|19|N|145|31|40|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}}
|postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]
|postal_code              = 99722
|area_code                = [[Area code 907|907]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 02-03990
|blank1_name              = 
|blank1_info              = 
|website                  = 
|footnotes                = 
|pop_est_as_of = 
|pop_est_footnotes = 
|population_est = 
|unit_pref = Imperial
|population_density_sq_mi = 2.37
|population_density_km2 = 0.91
}}

'''Arctic Village''' (''Vashrąįį K'ǫǫ''<ref name=uaf>{{Cite web|url=https://www.uaf.edu/anla/collections/map/names/index.xml?__state=FeJzblp1qkMjGWJJkZGH8AgAfhgR6 |title=Alaska Native Place Names &#124; Alaska Native Language Archive|website=www.uaf.edu}}</ref>  in [[Gwich'in language|Gwich'in]]) is an unincorporated [[Alaska Natives|Native American]] village<ref>Arctic Village is recognized by the [[Bureau of Indian Affairs]] as an unincorporated Native Village under the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934. See, Indian Affairs Bureau, Department of the Interior (2005) "Alaska Region: A: Native Village of Arctic Village" ''Federal Register'' March 21, 2005, Volume 70, Number 53, p. 13519</ref> and a [[census-designated place]] (CDP) in [[Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area, Alaska|Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area]], [[Alaska]], United States. As of the [[United States Census, 2010|2010 census]], the population of the CDP was 152. This was unchanged from 2000. The village is located in the large [[Gwich'in language|Gwitch'in]] speaking region of Alaska, and the local dialect is known as Di'haii Gwich’in or shahanh.<ref name=GL>{{Cite web|url=https://gwichin.community.uaf.edu/about-the-gwichin-language/ |website=gwichin.community.uaf.edu |title=About the Gwich'in Language |language=english |access-date=May 5, 2022 }}</ref> As of 1999, over 95% of the community speaks and understands the language. (Kraus, 1999){{Full citation needed|date=March 2009}} As of 2019, the second village chief was against oil drilling because of the impact on caribou.

==History==
Evidence from archaeological investigations indicate that the Arctic Village area may have been settled as early as 4500 BC.<ref name="Tiller-278"/> Around 500 AD the [[Athabaskan languages|Athabascan]] speaking [[Gwich'in]] people (often called Neets'aii Gwich'in or "those who dwell to the north")<ref name="Tiller-278"/> came into the area with seasonal hunting and fishing camps.  About 1900, the village became a permanent settlement.<ref name="Tiller-278"/>

==Geography==
Arctic Village is located at {{coord|68|7|19|N|145|31|40|W|type:city}} (68.121828, -145.527686),<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=April 23, 2011|date=February 12, 2011|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}</ref> on the
east fork of the [[Chandalar River]], about a hundred miles north of [[Fort Yukon]].<ref name="Tiller-278">Tiller, Veronica E. Velarde (2005) "Venetie" ''Tiller's Guide to Indian Country'' BowArrow Publishing Co., Albuquerque, NM, p. 278, {{ISBN|978-1-885931-04-7}}</ref>  The area consists of flat floodlands near the river, but is mostly wooded hills.<ref name="Tiller-278"/>

The CDP has a total area of {{convert|69.9|sqmi|km2}}, of which, {{convert|61.71|sqmi|km2}} is land and {{convert|8.12|sqmi|km2}} (11.63%) is water.<ref name="Tiller-278"/><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20061024071901/http://www.census.gov/tiger/tms/gazetteer/places2k.txt "Census 2000 U.S. Gazetteer File: Places"], [[United States Census Bureau]]</ref>

==Climate==
Arctic Village has a [[subarctic climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Dfc''). On September 30, 1970, Arctic Village recorded a low temperature of {{cvt|-13|°F}}, which is the lowest recorded temperature in Alaska in the month of September. Arctic village heats up very quickly during the months of May and June, peaking in July at an average daily high at {{cvt|68.9|°F}}, while temperatures start to fall rapidly by the end of July, and even more so during the months of August and September. Summer temperatures are surprisingly mild considering its location North of [[68th parallel north|68 degrees latitude]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?ak0396|title=ARCTIC VILLAGE, ALASKA - Climate Summary|website=wrcc.dri.edu|access-date=April 19, 2020}}</ref>

{{Weather box
| collapsed =
| location = Arctic Village, Alaska
| single line = Y
| Jan record high F = 38
| Feb record high F = 28
| Mar record high F = 43
| Apr record high F = 64
| May record high F = 77
| Jun record high F = 89
| Jul record high F = 87
| Aug record high F = 78
| Sep record high F = 72
| Oct record high F = 42
| Nov record high F = 40
| Dec record high F = 49
|year record high F = 
| Jan high F = -13.3
| Feb high F = -6.2
| Mar high F = 13.0
| Apr high F = 29.9
| May high F = 49.6
| Jun high F = 64.8
| Jul high F = 68.9
| Aug high F = 59.7
| Sep high F = 42.0
| Oct high F = 20.9
| Nov high F = -1.1
| Dec high F = -6.5
|year high F = 
|Jan mean F = -23.2
|Feb mean F = -18.3
|Mar mean F = -2.1
|Apr mean F = 14.1
|May mean F = 38.3
|Jun mean F = 54.5
|Jul mean F = 57.8
|Aug mean F = 49.1
|Sep mean F = 32.4
|Oct mean F = 11.0
|Nov mean F = -10.5
|Dec mean F = -12.5
|year mean F = 
| Jan low F = -33.1
| Feb low F = -30.3
| Mar low F = -17.1
| Apr low F = -1.8
| May low F = 26.9
| Jun low F = 44.1
| Jul low F = 46.6
| Aug low F = 38.5
| Sep low F = 22.8
| Oct low F = 1.0
| Nov low F = -19.9
| Dec low F = -22.4
|year low F = 
| Jan record low F = −68
| Feb record low F = −66
| Mar record low F = −62
| Apr record low F = −43
| May record low F = -21
| Jun record low F = 24
| Jul record low F = 27
| Aug record low F = 17
| Sep record low F = -13
| Oct record low F = -35
| Nov record low F = −56
| Dec record low F = −57
|year record low F = 
|precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation inch = 0.44
| Feb precipitation inch = 0.26
| Mar precipitation inch = 0.41
| Apr precipitation inch = 0.23
| May precipitation inch = 0.61
| Jun precipitation inch = 1.41
| Jul precipitation inch = 1.68
| Aug precipitation inch = 1.42
| Sep precipitation inch = 1.38
| Oct precipitation inch = 0.60
| Nov precipitation inch = 0.45
| Dec precipitation inch = 0.40
|year precipitation inch =

|Jan snow inch = 4.4
|Feb snow inch = 4.4
|Mar snow inch = 6.4
|Apr snow inch = 4.0
|May snow inch = 2.3
|Jun snow inch = 1.5
|Jul snow inch = 0.0
|Aug snow inch = 0.1
|Sep snow inch = 4.7
|Oct snow inch = 8.0
|Nov snow inch = 6.7
|Dec snow inch = 6.8
|year snow inch = 
|source 1 = WRCC <ref name="climate">[https://wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?ak0396 Arctic Village, Alaska - Period of Record : 8/1/1962 to 9/30/1996] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170508165522/http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?ak0396 |date=May 8, 2017 }}. Retrieved November 10, 2019.</ref>
|date=November 2019}}

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|align=left
|1910= 40
|1930= 40
|1940= 24
|1950= 53
|1960= 110
|1970= 85
|1980= 111
|1990= 96
|2000= 152
|2010= 152
|2020= 151
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=U.S. Decennial Census|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 6, 2013}}</ref>
}}
Arctic Village first appeared on the 1910 U.S. Census as the unincorporated village of "Arctic."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/41033927n358-359ch10.pdf|format=PDF|title=Supplement for Alaska|website=2.census.gov|access-date=June 24, 2022}}</ref> It did not appear on the 1920 census.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/41084484v1ch5.pdf|format=PDF|title=Population|website=2.census.gov|access-date=June 24, 2022}}</ref> It returned as "Arctic" from 1930<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/00476569ch2.pdf|format=PDF|title=Alaska|website=2.census.gov|access-date=June 24, 2022}}</ref> through 1960.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/37721577v1p3ch2.pdf|format=PDF|title=Number of Inhabitants|website=2.census.gov|access-date=June 24, 2022}}</ref> In 1970, it then returned under its present name of Arctic Village.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/1970a_ak-01.pdf|title=1970 Census of Population|website=2.census.gov|access-date=June 24, 2022}}</ref> It was made a census-designated place (CDP) in 1980.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/1980a_akABCD-01.pdf|title=Number of Inhabitants : Alaska|website=2.census.gov|access-date=June 24, 2022}}</ref> Curiously, it reported the same population in 1910 and 1930 (40 residents), and in 2000<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/prod/cen2000/phc-1-3.pdf |title=2000 Census of Population and Housing - Alaska |author=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=October 14, 2019 |archive-date=March 18, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210318011024/https://www.census.gov/prod/cen2000/phc-1-3.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> and 2010 it reported the same population of 152.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/cph-1-3.pdf |title=2010 Census of Population and Housing - Alaska |publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office |access-date=October 14, 2019 |archive-date=February 2, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190202175838/https://www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/cph-1-3.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>

As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=January 31, 2008 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref> of 2000, there were 152 people, 52 households, and 30 families residing in the CDP. The [[population density]] was {{convert|2.5|pd/sqmi}}. There were 67 housing units at an average density of {{cvt|1.1|/sqmi}}. The racial makeup of the CDP was 7.89% [[Race (United States Census)|White]], 86.18% [[Race (United States Census)|Native American]], and 5.92% from two or more races. 0.66% of the population were [[Race (United States Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Race (United States Census)|Latino]] of any race.

There were 52 households, out of which 44.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 25.0% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 21.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.4% were non-families. 32.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 3.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.92 and the average family size was 3.58.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 41.4% under the age of 18, 9.9% from 18 to 24, 28.9% from 25 to 44, 17.8% from 45 to 64, and 2.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 24 years. For every 100 females, there were 114.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 128.2 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $20,250, and the median income for a family was $19,000. Males had a median income of $21,875 versus $10,000 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the CDP was $10,761. About 30.8% of families and 46.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 53.1% of those under the age of eighteen and none of those 65 or over.

[[File:Episcopal Church at Arctic Village.jpg|thumb|Episcopal church at Arctic Village.]]

==Education==
[[Yukon Flats School District]] operates the Arctic Village School.<ref>"[http://www.yukonflats.net/Yukon-Flats-School-Locations.html Mailing Addresses and Contact Information ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220050341/http://www.yukonflats.net/Yukon-Flats-School-Locations.html |date=2016-12-20 }}." [[Yukon Flats School District]]. Retrieved on December 4, 2016.</ref>

==Politics==
As of 2019, David Smith Jr. was the second tribal chief of Arctic Village; he opposes oil drilling because of the impact on caribou.<ref name="npr">{{Cite news |last=Elizabeth Harball |date=July 3, 2019 |title=As Oil Drilling Nears In Arctic Refuge, 2 Alaska Villages See Different Futures |url=https://www.npr.org/2019/07/03/738145007/as-oil-drilling-nears-in-arctic-refuge-2-alaska-villages-see-different-futures |publisher=NPR}}</ref>

==In popular culture==

===Literature===
* [[J. C. Hutchins]]' ''7th Son, Book 2, Deceit'' features Arctic Village as a location containing a clue concerning the antagonist's plans.
* Erin Hunter's book ''[[Seekers (novel series)|Seekers: The Last Wilderness]] ''features Arctic Village as a setting in the book. This is where Ujurak is healed by a native and is also captured by a senator.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Portal|Alaska}}
{{Commons category-inline}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161229212613/https://www.commerce.alaska.gov/dcra/DCRAExternal/community/Details/730fbd9e-539c-4aa5-821c-3f8e435c7ee2 Arctic Village] at the Community Database Online from the [[Alaska Department of Commerce, Community and Economic Development|Alaska Division of Community and Regional Affairs]]
* [http://chamorrobible.org/gpw/gpw-20060825.htm Chandalar River Valley Mountain, north of Arctic Village]

{{Yukon–Koyukuk Census Area, Alaska}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Census-designated places in Alaska]]
[[Category:Census-designated places in Unorganized Borough, Alaska]]
[[Category:Census-designated places in Yukon–Koyukuk Census Area, Alaska]]
[[Category:Gwich'in]]
[[Category:Populated places of the Arctic United States]]
[[Category:Road-inaccessible communities of Alaska]]