Editing Arabi, Louisiana

{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name                            = Arabi, Louisiana
| native_name                     = 
| other_name                      = 
| settlement_type                 = [[Census-designated place]]
<!-- images, nickname, motto -->
| image_skyline                   = 
| image_caption                   = 
| image_flag                      = 
| image_shield                    = 
| motto                           = 
| etymology                       = <!-- location -->
| subdivision_type                = Country
| subdivision_name                = United States
| subdivision_type1               = State
| subdivision_name1               = Louisiana
| subdivision_type2               = Parish
| subdivision_name2               = [[St. Bernard Parish, Louisiana|St. Bernard]]
| subdivision_type3               = 
| subdivision_name3               = <!-- maps and coordinates -->
| image_map                       = St. Bernard Parish Louisiana incorporated and unincorporated areas Arabi highlighted.svg
| map_caption                     = Location in [[St. Bernard Parish, Louisiana|St. Bernard Parish]] and the state of [[Louisiana]].
| pushpin_map                     = 
| pushpin_relief                  = 
| pushpin_map_caption             = 
| coordinates                     = {{coord|29|57|27|N|89|59|56|W|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_footnotes           = <!-- established -->
| established_title               = 
| established_date                = <!-- area -->
| area_footnotes                  = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2020">{{cite web|title=2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_22.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=March 20, 2022}}</ref>
| dunam_link                      = 
| area_total_km2                  = 5.26
| area_total_sq_mi                = 2.03
| area_land_sq_mi                 = 1.75
| area_water_sq_mi                = 0.28
<!-- elevation -->| elevation_footnotes             = 
| elevation_m                     = 
| elevation_ft                    = 3
<!-- population -->
| population_as_of                = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
| population_footnotes            = 
| population_total                = 4533
| population_density_sq_mi        = 2582.91
| population_density_km2        = 997.30
| population_demonym              = <!-- time zone(s) -->
| timezone1                       = [[North American Central Time Zone|CST]]
| utc_offset1                     = -6
| timezone1_DST                   = [[North American Central Time Zone|CDT]]
| utc_offset1_DST                 = -5
| timezone2                       = 
| utc_offset2                     = 
| timezone2_DST                   = 
| utc_offset2_DST                 = <!-- postal codes, area code -->
| postal_code_type                = [[Zip Code]]
| postal_code                     = 70032
| area_code_type                  = 
| area_code                       = [[Area code 504|504]]
| geocode                         = 
| iso_code                        = <!-- website, footnotes -->
| website                         = 
| footnotes                       = 
|blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standards|FIPS code]]
|blank_info = 22-02550
|pop_est_as_of = 
|pop_est_footnotes = 
|population_est = 
|unit_pref = Imperial
|area_land_km2 = 4.55
|area_water_km2 = 0.71
}}

'''Arabi''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|ær|ə|b|i}})<ref>{{cite web|url=https://aschmann.net/AmEng/#Au_Louisiana|title=North American English Dialects, Based on Pronunciation Patterns|author=Rick Aschmann|date=2 May 2018|access-date=25 November 2019|website=Aschmann.net}}</ref> is a [[census-designated place]] (CDP) in [[St. Bernard Parish, Louisiana|St. Bernard Parish]], [[Louisiana]], United States. It lies on the eastern bank of the [[Mississippi River]], between the [[Lower 9th Ward]] of [[New Orleans]] and [[Chalmette, Louisiana|Chalmette]] within the [[Greater New Orleans]] [[metropolitan area]]. The population was 4,533 at the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=2020 Race and Population Totals|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=Arabi%20CDP,%20Louisiana%20population&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P1|url-status=live|access-date=2021-10-23|website=United States Census Bureau|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211023193315/https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=Arabi%20CDP,%20Louisiana%20population&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P1 |archive-date=2021-10-23 }}</ref>

==History==
Arabi was established in the 19th century as a suburb of New Orleans, along the east bank of the [[Mississippi River]]. Arabi was part of Orleans Parish; however, a law passed in the 1880s stated that slaughterhouses could not be located within the City of New Orleans.<ref name="kaltenbaugh">{{cite book | first = Louise Pauline | last = Kaltenbaugh |date=January 1970 | title = A Study of the Place-Names of St. Bernard Parish, Louisiana | pages = 32 | publisher = [[University of New Orleans]] | location = [[New Orleans, Louisiana]] | url = http://uno.louislibraries.org/uhtbin/cgisirsi/x/0/0/5?searchdata6=kaltenbaugh%20and%20bernard}}</ref>  An 1851 map calls the area Jacksonburgh, a name believe to be derived from [[Andrew Jackson]].<ref name="kaltenbaugh2">Referenced by Katlenbaugh:{{cite book | last = Anon. | year = 1851–1852 | title = Plan of Levee Ward and Draining District No.1, comprising the Parish of St. Bernard, the Part East of the Mississippi of the Parish of Plaquemine. | publisher = Originally preserved in the National Archives, Washington, D.C.  | id = National Archives Reference no. 77/2315}}</ref> It is speculated by the publication that the town is named after Arabi Pasha (a mis-transliteration of his actual name [[Ahmed Urabi]]) who burned Alexandria, Egypt in 1882 while engaged in a revolt against the British administration in Egypt.{{citation needed|date=November 2022}}

Arabi began as the community known as '''Stockyard Landing''', because of the many [[Feedlot|stockyards]] and slaughterhouses located there. In the rear yards of some of houses in Old Arabi, there are remnants of blood traps from the area. When excavation for swimming pools was done, residents found dishes from New Orleans hotels and restaurants whose table scraps were once used to feed animals.{{Citation needed|date=October 2024}}

Business interests of the stockyards wanted to be free from control of New Orleans and persuaded the state of Louisiana to transfer dominion of the area downriver from [[Jackson Barracks]] to St. Bernard Parish in 1875.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.lahighered.org/assets/tour-of-historic-saint-bernard-hyland%2Cbill.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2018-12-15 |archive-date=2018-12-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215070046/http://www.lahighered.org/assets/tour-of-historic-saint-bernard-hyland%2Cbill.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>

===Toponymy===
The area was apparently named after the residents of the area who burned the courthouse down in the 1890s,<ref name="kaltenbaugh-wpa">Referenced by Katlenbaugh: {{cite book | last = Writers' Program of the Works Projects Administration | year = 1941 | title = Louisiana, a guide to the state | pages = 489 | publisher = [[Federal Writers' Project|FWP]] | location = [[New Orleans, Louisiana]] | isbn = 0-403-02169-3 }}</ref> according to an account published by the [[Federal Writers' Project|FWP]] in 1941, "reputedly because the incendiary activities of an Arabian sheik were at that time much in the news."  The New York Times makes mention of the media frenzy in 1882 with a note that "The New Orleans ''Picayune'' has discovered that [[Ahmed Orabi|Arabi Pasha]] once sold confectionery in that city. But the ''Picayune'' has a habit of occasionally discovering things that are not so."<ref name="nyt-confectionary">{{cite news  | title=General Notes  | work=[[The New York Times]]  | pages=1  |date=August 7, 1882  | id={{ProQuest|94009230}} }}{{Subscription required}}.</ref>

It is speculated by the publication that the town is named after Arabi Pasha (a mis-transliteration of his actual name [[Ahmed 'Urabi]]) who torched [[Alexandria, Egypt]] in 1882<ref name="nyt">{{cite news | title=The Ruined Egyptian City: Dreadful Scenes Enacted in Alexandria, British attempts to restore order -- The flames still in control -- No certain news about Arabi Pasha -- Anxiety at Port Said -- Assisting the Khadive to restore control  | work=[[The New York Times]]  | pages=1  |date=July 15, 1882 }}</ref> while engaged in a revolt against the British administration in Egypt. The community felt that the revolt he was leading was a kindred spirit to their own revolt from New Orleans.{{Citation needed|date=October 2024}}

===Gambling era (1907–1952)===
In 1907, Friscoville Avenue was developed in Arabi. Because of a ban on gambling in the city limits of [[Orleans Parish]], the area gambling center with approximately five gambling halls was located along the 100 block of Friscoville Avenue.<ref name="friscoville">{{cite news  | first = John  | last = Burke  | title=Picture from the Past  | newspaper=[[Times-Picayune]]  | page=D10  |date=January 1, 1995}}</ref> Being just outside the Orleans Parish line, Friscoville was at the time easily accessible by the Canal Street Car Line.

The clubs were frequently raided by the authorities. One such raid was noted by the Associated Press in 1928, under governor [[Huey P. Long]]. Upon learning of the re-opening of two clubs in Arabi, he delivered the request to have the clubs raided by the National Guard in person:{{Citation needed|date=October 2024}}

<blockquote>Names of 225 persons found in the two places, the Jai-Alai Fronton and the Arabi Club, located just outside the New Orleans city limits, were taken for future reference. The patrons, many of whom were women, were released after being questioned.</blockquote>
<blockquote>Neil Simmes, staff photographer for the Time Picayune, was attacked and beaten by about fifty men as he attempted to take a picture. Guardsmen rescued him. He was unconscious when found. Three officers and five men went to the [[Jai Alai|Jai-Alai]] Club and two officers and five men to the Arabi Club. The establishments face each other on the same street.</blockquote>
<blockquote>Heavily armed, the soldiers entered the clubs, women screamed and several fainted. A shot rang out, believed to have been fired by a sentry on guard to warn the gamblers of what was taking place. There was a quick grab for money on the gaming tables. Order was restored in a few moments.
In a bonfire this afternoon the gambling paraphernalia that was flammable was burned. The remainder was hacked to bits with axes....<ref name="gambling">{{cite news  | title=Louisiana Troops Raid Big Gambling Clubs; Governor Directs Drive Snaring 225 Patrons  | work=[[The New York Times]]  | pages=1  |date=August 13, 1928}}</ref></blockquote>

These establishments continued to operate until 1952, when they were shut down as part of a statewide crackdown on illegal gambling after the appointment of [[United States Army]] [[Colonel (United States)|Colonel]] [[Francis Grevemberg]] as superintendent of the [[Louisiana State Police]].{{Citation needed|date=October 2024}}

===Historic areas===
[[Image:Arabi20FebLeBeau1.jpg|thumb|right|250px|"Le Beau" began as a plantation house in 1854, and was later a hotel and gambling venue. Destroyed by arson in 2013.]]

The ''[[St. Bernard Voice]]'', a local paper, began publishing in the late 19th century, and still is produced from a small building on [[Mehle Street]], near the Mississippi river in what was the original settlement.{{Citation needed|date=October 2024}}

Most of the area was declared a [[historic districts in the United States|historic district]] in the  1970s, including the original St. Bernard Jail, and the remains of the [[LeBeau Plantation]] (destroyed by arson November 22, 2013).{{Citation needed|date=October 2024}}

===Hurricane Betsy===
[[Hurricane Betsy]] swept over the New Orleans area on the evening of September 9, 1965. Betsy caused a strong storm surge in the [[Mississippi River Gulf Outlet]], a deep-water shipping channel to the east and south of New Orleans. Arabi and Chalmette are in St. Bernard Parish east and below New Orleans on the east bank of the Mississippi River. All of St. Bernard parish is sandwiched between the MRGO and the Mississippi River.{{Citation needed|date=October 2024}}

The storm surge over topped levees along the channel and on both sides of its terminus at the Industrial Canal in the Ninth Ward. There may have also been a breach of the Back Protection levee along Florida Avenue. The flooding covered areas of Gentilly and both the upper and lower Ninth Ward of New Orleans. The flooding spread to the east and inundated most of Arabi (except for areas of high ground near the river.) In Arabi, Betsy began to die down around 3am. Many residents, thinking the worst had passed, went to sleep around this time. The flooding reached Arabi Park around 4am waking the exhausted survivors to another phase of the disaster. Between 4am and 6am, the water rose between six and eight feet. By dawn, the water was making its way across the railroad grade between Arabi Park and Carolyn Park and flowing into Chalmette.{{Citation needed|date=October 2024}}

For days the survivors huddled in a few two-story buildings surrounded by water, with little or no supplies, power, running water or communications. There was no search and rescue or military presence. Eventually, they evacuated themselves by using their own fishing boats. They headed for higher ground which meant St. Claude Avenue (closer to the Mississippi River) in Arabi and the Kaiser Aluminum plant in Chalmette.{{Citation needed|date=October 2024}}

===Hurricane Katrina===
On August 29, 2005, [[Hurricane Katrina]] caused an even more massive storm surge which inundated all of Arabi, with water reaching higher than {{convert|20|ft|m}} in some areas.{{Citation needed|date=October 2024}}

Much as occurred in Hurricane Betsy, locals who had elected to remain had noticed the winds had begun dying, this time shortly after dawn. Several stories have been noted of locals talking on cell phones with evacuated relatives as late as 8:30-9:00&nbsp;a.m. CDT, stating they felt the worst was over. The first wave of water struck shortly after 9:00&nbsp;a.m. and quickly surged all the way to the levee of the [[Mississippi River]]. Areas that had suffered less than 3–4&nbsp;feet of water after Betsy were submerged as much as {{convert|10|ft|m}}.{{Citation needed|date=October 2024}}

In the [[Arabi Park]] area, the surge crossed over elevated railroad tracks and the resultant wave washed many homes off of their foundations, and completely destroyed others. Again, as in Hurricane Betsy the locals immediately began evacuating themselves and their neighbors using private boats. They brought them to the Mississippi river levee, which for several days was the only dry ground on the east side of the river for many miles. Local officials including U.S. Wildlife and Fisheries agents stationed in the parish moved quickly to seal off the area and supply food and water to the survivors. A makeshift evacuation was begun by confiscating small ferry boats, and moving the people to the west bank of the river at [[Algiers Point]], where buses were used to move them out of the area. Most of this activity was not covered by the media due to the greater coverage of nearby New Orleans.{{Citation needed|date=October 2024}}

===2022 tornadoes===

==== March ====
On March 22, 2022, an [[2022 New Orleans tornado|intense EF3 tornado]] struck Arabi just after 7:30&nbsp;p.m. CDT, resulting in widespread damage along Friscoville Avenue, St. Bernard Highway, and Judge Perez Drive. Numerous homes were severely damaged or destroyed, cars were tossed, and many trees and power poles were snapped. Arabi Elementary School was damaged as well, and a brewery and a church were also destroyed. The tornado had originated near [[Gretna, Louisiana|Gretna]] before passing through Arabi and continuing to [[New Orleans East]]. One person was killed, and several others were injured. Large metal transmission towers sustained major damage, and Arabi was left without power for days after the tornado.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Storm Events Database - Event Details {{!}} National Centers for Environmental Information |url=https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=1014021 |access-date=2022-12-21 |website=www.ncdc.noaa.gov}}</ref>

==== December ====
On December 14, 2022, just nine months after the EF3 tornado struck the area, a [[Tornado outbreak of December 12–15, 2022#December 14 event|strong EF2 tornado]] struck Arabi at around 4:00&nbsp;p.m. CDT, again causing severe damage to the area. Homes in Arabi sustained significant structural damage, trees and power lines were downed, and the same brewery that was destroyed in the March tornado was destroyed once again. No fatalities occurred, though six people were injured.<ref>{{Cite web |last=herzmann |first=daryl |title=IEM :: PNS from NWS LIX |url=https://mesonet.agron.iastate.edu/wx/afos/p.php?pil=PNSLIX&e=202212162217 |access-date=2022-12-21 |website=mesonet.agron.iastate.edu |language=en}}</ref>

==Geography==
Arabi is located at {{Coord|29|57|27|N|89|59|56|W|type:city}} (29.957554, -89.998994).<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2011-04-23|date=2011-02-12|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}</ref>

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the CDP has a total area of {{convert|2.1|sqmi|km2}}, of which {{convert|1.8|sqmi|km2}} is land and {{convert|0.3|sqmi|km2}} is water.{{Citation needed|date=October 2024}}

== Demographics ==
{{US Census population
|2000= 8093
|2010= 3635
|2020= 4533
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=http://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|accessdate=June 4, 2016}}</ref>
}}

===2020 census===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+'''Arabi CDP, Louisiana – Racial and ethnic composition'''<br><small>{{nobold|''Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.''}}</small>
!Race / Ethnicity <small>(''NH = Non-Hispanic'')</small>
!Pop 2000<ref name=2000CensusP004>{{Cite web|title=P004: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – Arabi CDP, Louisiana |url=https://data.census.gov/table?g=160XX00US2202550&tid=DECENNIALSF12000.P004|website=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date= }}</ref>
!Pop 2010<ref name=2010CensusP2>{{Cite web|title=P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Arabi CDP, Louisiana |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=160XX00US2202550&tid=DECENNIALPL2010.P2|website=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date= }}</ref>
!{{partial|Pop 2020}}<ref name=2020CensusP2>{{Cite web|title=P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Arabi CDP, Louisiana |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=160XX00US2202550&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2|website=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date= }}</ref>
!% 2000
!% 2010
!{{partial|% 2020}}
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino whites|White]] alone (NH)
|7,447
|2,709
|style='background: #ffffe6; |2,739
|92.02%
|74.53%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |60.42%
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans|Black or African American]] alone (NH)
|72
|360
|style='background: #ffffe6; |721
|0.89%
|9.90%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |15.91%
|-
|[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]] alone (NH)
|25
|32
|style='background: #ffffe6; |15
|0.31%
|0.88%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.33%
|-
|[[Asian Americans|Asian]] alone (NH)
|60
|44
|style='background: #ffffe6; |133
|0.74%
|1.21%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |2.93%
|-
|[[Native Hawaiian]] or [[Pacific Islander Americans|Pacific Islander]] alone (NH)
|0
|0
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0
|0.00%
|0.00%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.00%
|-
|[[Race and ethnicity in the United States census|Other race]] alone (NH)
|8
|23
|style='background: #ffffe6; |40
|0.10%
|0.63%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.88%
|-
|[[Multiracial Americans|Mixed race or Multiracial]] (NH)
|68
|99
|style='background: #ffffe6; |240
|0.84%
|2.72%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |5.29%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] (any race)
|413
|368
|style='background: #ffffe6; |645
|5.10%
|10.12%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |14.23%
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''8,093'''
|'''3,635'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''4,533'''
|'''100.00%'''
|'''100.00%'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''100.00%'''
|}

As of the [[2020 United States census]], there were 4,533 people, 1,683 households, and 961 families residing in the CDP.

=== Religion ===
The [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New Orleans]] operates area Catholic churches. In 2008 it closed St. Louise Marillac Church in Arabi.<ref name=BarryRefuge>{{cite web|author=Barry, Dan|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2010/07/03/us/03land.html|title=In a Refuge Haunted by Katrina, BP Swirls In|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=2010-07-03|access-date=2020-05-28}}</ref> It, along with three other churches, were consolidated into Our Lady of Prompt Succor Church in Chalmette.<ref>{{cite web|author=Daffin, Melinda|url=https://www.nola.com/archive/article_a56caa1b-a245-5b3c-94b1-62b97a29c710.html|title=24 closed Catholic churches of New Orleans: vintage photos from The Times-Picayune |newspaper=[[The Times Picayune]]|date=2017-03-07|access-date=2020-05-28}}</ref> The archdiocese razed the church in 2009.<ref name=BarryRefuge/>

==Education==
Residents are zoned to schools in the [[St. Bernard Parish Public Schools]].{{Citation needed|date=October 2024}}

As of 2007, [[Chalmette High School]] serves the population.

==Notable people==
*[[Patrick Scheuermann]], Director of NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center
* [[Christina Cuenca]], [[Miss Louisiana USA]] 2006
* [[Al Copeland]], founder of Popeyes Chicken & Biscuits
* [[Juvenile (rapper)|Juvenile]], Southern rapper
* [[Kenneth L. Odinet Sr.]], state representative for District 103, 1988-2008
* [[Edward Ripoll]], state representative for District 103, 1984–1988
{{Commons category|Arabi, Louisiana}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{St. Bernard Parish, Louisiana}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Census-designated places in Louisiana]]
[[Category:Census-designated places in St. Bernard Parish, Louisiana]]
[[Category:Census-designated places in the New Orleans metropolitan area]]
[[Category:Hurricane Rita]]
[[Category:Hurricane Katrina]]
[[Category:Louisiana populated places on the Mississippi River]]