Editing Anglia Railways

{{Short description|1997–2004 East Anglian train operating company}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2018}}
{{Use British English|date=January 2018}}
{{Infobox Rail companies
|name           =Anglia Railways 
|logo_filename  = Anglia railways logo.svg
|logo_size      = 150
|image_filename = Stowmarket_Station_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1663881.jpg
|caption        = [[British Rail Class 86|Class 86]] at {{stnlnk|Stowmarket}}
|franchise      = Anglia<br>5 January 1997 – 31 March 2004
|nameforarea    = route
|regions        = [[Great Eastern Main Line]]
|secregions     = [[Bittern Line|Norwich-Sheringham]]<br>[[Wherry Lines|Norwich-Great Yarmouth / Lowestoft]]<br>[[Breckland Line|Norwich-Ely / Cambridge]]<br>[[Ipswich to Ely Line|Ipswich-Ely / Cambridge]]<br>[[Ely to Peterborough Line|Ely-Peterborough]]<br>[[East Suffolk Line|Ipswich-Lowestoft]]<br>[[Felixstowe Branch Line|Ipswich-Felixstowe]]<br>[[Mayflower Line|Manningtree-Harwich (Boat Trains)]]<br>[[London Crosslink]]
|fleet           =
|stations        = 64
|abbr            = AR
|parent_company  = [[GB Railways]] (1997–2003)<br>[[FirstGroup]] (2003–2004)
|website         = {{url|https://web.archive.org/web/20020324042817/http://angliarailways.co.uk/|www.angliarailways.co.uk}}
|successor       = [[National Express East Anglia]]
|predecessor=[[InterCity (British Rail)|InterCity]]}}
'''Anglia Railways'''<ref>[http://data.companieshouse.gov.uk/doc/company/03006570 Companies House extract company no 3006570] Anglia Railways Train Services Limited</ref> was a [[train operating company]] in England, owned by [[GB Railways]] and later [[FirstGroup]], that operated the Anglia franchise from January 1997 until March 2004.

==History==
The Anglia franchise was awarded by the [[Director of Passenger Rail Franchising]] to [[GB Railways]], with the franchise commencing on 5 January 1997.<ref>{{cite magazine |title= GB Railways wins Anglia | magazine = [[The Railway Magazine]] |issue=1149 |date= January 1997 |page=11}}</ref> In June 1998, Anglia Railways unveiled a turquoise and white livery.<ref name="Rail334">{{cite magazine |title= Anglia Railways reveals new-look 86 | magazine = [[Rail Magazine]] |issue=334 |date= 1 July 1998 |page=12}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |title= New image for Anglia Railways | magazine = [[Rail Express]] |issue=27 |date= August 1998 |page=6}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |title= Anglia Railways unveils new image | magazine = [[The Railway Magazine]] |issue=1168 |date= August 1998 |page=13}}</ref> Prior to 1997, the trains were run by [[British Rail]] sectors of  [[InterCity (British Rail)|InterCity]], [[Regional Railways]] and [[Network SouthEast]]. After March 2004, the trains were run by [[National Express East Anglia]].

==Services==
Anglia Railways operated [[InterCity (British Rail)|InterCity]] services on the [[Great Eastern Main Line]] from [[Liverpool Street station|London Liverpool Street]] to [[Harwich International railway station|Harwich International]] and [[Norwich railway station|Norwich]]. It also operated regional services between [[Felixstowe Branch Line|Ipswich & Felixstowe]], [[East Suffolk Line|Ipswich & Lowestoft]], [[Ipswich to Ely Line|Ipswich & Ely]], [[Ipswich to Ely Line|Harwich International / Ipswich & Cambridge]], [[Ely to Peterborough Line|Ely & Peterborough]], [[Breckland Line|Norwich & Ely]], [[Bittern Line|Norwich & Sheringham]], [[Wherry Lines|Norwich & Great Yarmouth]] and [[Wherry Lines|Norwich & Lowestoft]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20031218015430/http://www.angliarailways.co.uk/timetable/route-map.asp Anglia Railways route map December 2003] Anglia Railways</ref>

A franchise commitment was to increase the hourly London Liverpool Street and [[Norwich railway station|Norwich]] services to half-hourly.<ref>{{cite magazine |title= Anglia orders eight new Adtranz DMUs to be delivered by June 1999 | magazine = [[Rail Magazine]] |issue=327 |date= 25 March 1998 |page=7}}</ref> The half-hourly service was introduced in 2000 with some extended to [[Sheringham railway station|Sheringham]], [[Great Yarmouth railway station|Great Yarmouth]] and [[Lowestoft railway station|Lowestoft]].

With funding from the [[Strategic Rail Authority]]'s Rail Partnership Funding, Anglia introduced a new experimental service from the [[Great Eastern Main Line]] via the [[North London Line]] to [[Basingstoke Railway Station|Basingstoke]] branded [[London Crosslink]]. It operated from 22 May 2000 until ceasing on 28 September 2002 due to poor loadings.<ref>{{cite magazine |title= Anglia launches Crosslink service | magazine = [[The Railway Magazine]] |issue=1191 |date= July 2000 |page=6}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |title= Farewell Crosslink: Seven passengers was not enough | magazine = [[Rail Magazine]] |issue=446 |date= 16 October 2002 |page=18}}</ref>

A more successful new service with Rail Partnership Funding was introduced on 29 September 2002 from [[Breckland Line|Norwich to Cambridge]]. This continues to operate.<ref>[http://www.cambridgeshire.gov.uk/NR/rdonlyres/6EA29BAA-6697-414A-97CB-5FBAC16886F2/0/LTP04A3.pdf Rail Strategy] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060526163951/http://www.cambridgeshire.gov.uk/NR/rdonlyres/6EA29BAA-6697-414A-97CB-5FBAC16886F2/0/LTP04A3.pdf |date=26 May 2006 }} Cambridgeshire Council</ref>

==Rolling stock==
[[File:86218 NHS 50.jpg|thumb|86218 ''NHS 50'' propelling a down Norwich train past Pudding Mill Lane, 1999]]

Anglia Railways inherited a fleet of [[British Rail Class 86|Class 86]]s, [[British Railways Mark 2|Mark 2 carriages]], [[Driving Brake Standard Open]]s, [[British Rail Class 150|Class 150]]s and [[British Rail Class 153|Class 153]]s from [[British Rail]]. As part of the franchise, the fleet of Mark 2 carriages had a complete mechanical and interior refurbishment. On 10 June 1998, it unveiled its turquoise and white livery.<ref name="Rail334" /> In June 1998, preserved [[British Rail Class 201|Class 201]] unit 1001 commenced an eleven-month lease operating services from [[Norwich railway station|Norwich]] to [[Great Yarmouth railway station|Great Yarmouth]] and [[Lowestoft railway station|Lowestoft]].<ref>{{cite magazine |title= Hastings DEMU hired by Anglia for 11 months | magazine = [[Rail Magazine]] |issue=333 |date= 17 June 1998 |page=10}}</ref>

To meet a franchise commitment to operate two services per hour between London Liverpool Street and Norwich, eight three-car [[British Rail Class 170|Class 170]] [[Bombardier Turbostar|Turbostar]] units were delivered in 1999/2000.<ref>{{cite magazine |title= Anglia's first Turbostar delivered | magazine = [[Rail Magazine]] |issue=359 |date= 16 June 1999 |page=47}}</ref> These units were used on new services from Liverpool Street to [[Sheringham railway station|Sheringham]], Great Yarmouth and Lowestoft; they were also used on London Crosslink services and, from September 2000, were hired to [[GB Railways]]' [[Hull Trains]] subsidiary to work services between [[London King's Cross railway station|London King's Cross]] and [[Hull Paragon Interchange|Hull]]. Due to late delivery of these units, [[British Rail Class 317|Class 317]]s and [[British Rail Class 322|Class 322]]s were hired from [[West Anglia Great Northern]] for a time.<ref>{{cite magazine |title= All change in East Anglia | magazine = [[The Railway Magazine]] |issue=1181 |date= September 1999 |page=11}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |title= WAGN helps out Anglia as Class 170/2s are late | magazine = [[Rail Express]] |issue=38 |date= July 1999 |page=10}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |title= New link launched from Hull to London | magazine = [[Rail Magazine]] |issue=392 |date= 20 September 2000 |page=14}}</ref> A further four two-car Class 170s were delivered in 2002 and were used principally on the new Norwich to [[Cambridge railway station|Cambridge]] services.

Anglia hired a [[British Rail Class 47|Class 47]] from [[Cotswold Rail]], from June 2002, as a rescue locomotive and to haul Mark 2 sets on summer Saturday services to Great Yarmouth.<ref>{{cite magazine |title= 47714 returns to the main line with Anglia | magazine = [[Rail Magazine]] |issue=438 |date= 26 June 2002 |page=58}}</ref>

In July 2002, Anglia hired a [[British Rail Class 90|Class 90]] from [[Freightliner Group|Freightliner]] for a few months with a view to replacing the Class 86s.<ref>{{cite magazine |title= Anglia could take Class 90s to replace 86/2s | magazine = [[Rail Magazine]] |issue=441 |date= 7 August 2002 |page=54}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |title= Class 90s set for Anglia Railways | magazine = [[The Railway Magazine]] |issue=1218 |date= October 2002 |page=68}}</ref> In October 2003, Anglia began operating three Class 90s from [[DB Cargo UK|English, Welsh & Scottish Railway]] until the end of the franchise.<ref>{{cite magazine |title= EWS starts Anglia Class 90 hire | magazine = [[Rail Magazine]] |issue=473 |date= 29 October 2003 |page=74}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |title= Anglia opts for EWS Class 90s | magazine = [[The Railway Magazine]] |issue=1232 |date= December 2003 |page=63}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Fleet at end of franchise
|-
!rowspan="2"|Class
!rowspan="2"|Image
!rowspan="2"|Type
!colspan="2"|Top speed
!rowspan="2"|Number
!rowspan="2"|Built
|-
!mph
!km/h
|-
|[[British Rail Class 47|47]]
|[[File:Anglia 47 Norwich.JPG|100px]]
|[[Diesel locomotive]]
|rowspan="2"|100
|rowspan="2"|160
|1, hired from<br>[[Cotswold Rail]]
|1966
|-
|[[British Rail Class 86|86]]
|[[File:86227 'Golden Jubilee' at Ipswich.JPG|100px]]
|rowspan="2"|[[Electric locomotive]]
|15
|1965–1966
|-
|[[British Rail Class 90|90]]
|[[File:90016 at London Liverpool Street.JPG|100px]]
|110
|177
|3
|1987–1990
|-
|[[British Rail Class 150|150/2 ''Sprinter'']]
|[[File:150245 at Cambridge.JPG|100px]]
|rowspan="3"|[[Diesel multiple unit]]
|rowspan="2"|75
|rowspan="2"|120
|10
|1984–1987
|-
|[[British Rail Class 153|153 ''Super Sprinter'']]
|[[File:153335 'Michael Palin' at Cambridge.JPG|100px]]
|7
|1987–1988
|-
|[[British Rail Class 170|170/2 ''Turbostar'']]
|[[File:170205 at Ely.JPG|100px]]
|rowspan="3"|100
|rowspan="3"|160
|12
|1999–2002
|-
|rowspan="2"|[[British Railways Mark 2|Mark 2]]
|[[File:Greatyarmouth34.jpg|100px]]
|[[British Railways Mark 2|Passenger carriage]]
|115
|1964–1975
|-
|[[File:Rail-dbso-amoswolfe.jpg|100px]]
|[[Driving Brake Standard Open|DBSO]]
|13
|1979–1986
|}

==Depot==
[[File:Rail-crown-point-amoswolfe.jpg|thumb|Crown Point TMD in November 2001]]

Anglia Railways' fleet was maintained at [[Crown Point TMD]] in Norwich.

==Demise==
In 2002, as part of a franchise reorganisation by the [[Strategic Rail Authority]], it was announced that the Anglia Railways franchise would be merged into the [[East Anglia franchise|Greater Anglia franchise]].<ref>{{cite magazine |title= SRA wants fewer London operators to improve capacity | magazine = [[Rail Magazine]] |issue=426 |date= 9 January 2002 |page=5}}</ref> Having missed out on pre-qualifying for the Greater Anglia franchise, [[FirstGroup]] purchased GB Railways in August 2003.<ref>[http://www.firstgroup.com/latest_news/?id=003551 GB Rail Offer Unconditional] {{webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20131004215148/http://www.firstgroup.com/latest_news/?id=003551 |date=2013-10-04 }} FirstGroup 14 August 2003</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |title= First Group buys GB for $22million | magazine = [[The Railway Magazine]] |issue=1229 |date= September 2003 |page=10}}</ref>

In December 2003, the Strategic Rail Authority awarded the Greater Anglia franchise to [[National Express]] with the services operated by Anglia Railways transferring to [[National Express East Anglia|One]] on 1 April 2004.<ref>[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/1450062/National-Express-wins-rail-franchise.html National Express wins rail franchise] ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]'' 22 December 2003</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{commons category-inline}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20031207112436/http://www.angliarailways.co.uk/home/ Company website]

{{s-start}}
{{s-bef|before=[[InterCity (British Rail)|InterCity]]<br>{{small|As part of [[British Rail]]}}}}
{{s-ttl|title=Operator of Anglia franchise|years=1997–2004}}
{{s-aft|after=[[National Express East Anglia|One]]<br>{{small|[[East Anglia franchise|Greater Anglia franchise]]}}}}
{{s-end}}

{{UK TOCs|defunct|state=collapsed}}

[[Category:Defunct train operating companies in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:FirstGroup railway companies]]
[[Category:Railway companies established in 1997]]
[[Category:Railway companies disestablished in 2004]]
[[Category:1997 establishments in England]]
[[Category:2004 disestablishments in England]]
[[Category:British companies disestablished in 2004]]
[[Category:British companies established in 1997]]