Editing Amager

{{Short description|Island in the Øresund}}
{{Infobox islands
| name = Amager
| image_name       = Amager by Sentinel-2, 2020-06-15.jpg
| image_caption    = Aerial view of Amager
| image_size       = 
| map_image        = Denmark location amager.svg
| map_caption      = 
| native_name      = 
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| nickname         = 
| location         = [[Øresund]]
| coordinates      = 
| archipelago      = 
| total_islands    = 
| major_islands    = 
| area_km2         = 96
| highest_mount    = 
| elevation_m      = 
| country          = [[Denmark]]
| country_admin_divisions_title     = 
| country_admin_divisions           = 
| country_admin_divisions_title_1   = 
| country_admin_divisions_1         = 
| country_admin_divisions_title_2   = 
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| country_capital_city              = 
| country_largest_city              = 
| country_largest_city_population   = 
| country_leader_title              = 
| country_leader_name               = 
| population       = 216,262
| population_as_of = 1 January 2022
| density_km2      = 
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| additional_info  =
}}
'''Amager''' ({{IPA|da|ˈɑˌmɑˀ}} {{IPA|da|ˈɑˌmɛˀɐ|label=or, especially among older speakers,}}), located in the [[Øresund]], is [[Denmark]]'s most densely populated island, with more than 216,000 inhabitants (January 2022). The protected natural area of ''Naturpark Amager'' (including [[Kalvebod Fælled]]) makes up more than one-third of the island's total area of 96&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://naturstyrelsen.dk/naturbeskyttelse/naturprojekter/naturpark-amager/|title = Naturprojekt: Naturpark Amager}}</ref>

The Danish capital, [[Copenhagen Municipality]], is partly situated on Amager, covering the northern part of the island, which is connected to the much larger island of [[Zealand]] by eight bridges and a metro tunnel. Amager also has a connection across the Øresund to Sweden, the [[Øresund Bridge]]. Its western part begins with a tunnel from Amager to another Danish island, [[Peberholm]]. [[Copenhagen Airport]] is located on the island, around {{convert|7|km|0|abbr=on}} from [[Indre By|Copenhagen city centre]].

Amager is the largest island in the Øresund, and the only one with a large population. {{As of|2021}}, 212,661 people lived on the island, including its northern tip, [[Christianshavn]]. The northern part is included in the Copenhagen municipality. The middle part comprises [[Tårnby]] municipality, and [[Dragør]] municipality is located on the southeast part of the island.

Most of the western part of the island today comprises land that was claimed from the sea from the 1930s to the 1950s. This enlargement, from the shallow sound towards [[Zealand]], is known as ''Kalveboderne''. The enlargement has never been built-up and its soil is unsuitable for agricultural use. However, the area between Dragør town and the airport is cultivated land of high quality. Amager has in the past been referred to as the "kitchen of Copenhagen". At the border of the enlargement there is an old [[beech]] forest, ''Kongelunden'' (The King's Grove).

==History==
[[Image:Map Denmark Demis SE islands.gif|right |thumb|280px|Amager island (right center) is east of [[Zealand]] island, south of central [[Copenhagen]], west of [[Sweden]].]]
[[File:Districts of Copenhagen urban area.png|thumb|A part of [[Copenhagen Municipality]] covers northern Amager.]]

Amager has long been populated, and well used, thanks to its rich soil and proximity to Copenhagen. In 1521, [[Christian II]] invited some [[Dutch people|Dutch]] farmers to move to Amager and grow vegetables to supply the Danish Court and Copenhagen. These farmers enjoyed certain privileges such as their own government and institutions, as well as their own schools and priests. Due to this and a ban on mixed marriages, they maintained their own language, Amager Dutch, which remained spoken until 1858. This dialect's spelling and vocabulary was influenced by Danish, and it had heavier phonological and grammatical influence from [[Low German]], due to the importance of Low German in trade in the [[Baltic Sea]] and the influence of Low German-speaking [[Lutheranism|Lutheran]] clergy.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Nash |first1=Joshua |last2=Bakker |first2=Peter |last3=Bøegh |first3=Kristoffer Friis |last4=Daval-Markussen |first4=Aymeric |last5=Haberland |first5=Hartmut |last6=Kedwards |first6=Dale |last7=Ladhams |first7=John |last8=Levisen |first8=Carsten |last9=Markússon |first9=Jón Símon |last10=Robbe |first10=Joost |last11=Willemsen |first11=Jeroen |author5-link = Hartmut Haberland |date=2020-01-02 |title=On languages on islands |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334520652 |journal=Acta Linguistica Hafniensia |language=en |volume=52 |issue=1 |pages=81–116 |doi=10.1080/03740463.2020.1736747 |issn=0374-0463}}</ref>

It was only in the late 19th century that Copenhagen began to expand onto the island (Sundbyerne), and in 1902 these built-up areas were incorporated into Copenhagen.

During the Second World War, high unemployment in Copenhagen led authorities to drain a large part of the sea, west of the island, and build a dam to hold out the water, effectively adding one half of Amager's previous area to the island.

The claimed area is currently known as [[Kalvebod Fælled]], and was originally a military area, but today it is part of a major construction area called the [[Ørestad]], being thought of as an extension to [[Indre By|central Copenhagen]]. The area houses major facilities such as:
* [[Bella Center]], a [[convention center|convention and exposition center]]
* [[Field's]], the second-largest [[shopping center]] in [[Scandinavia]]
* [[Royal Arena]], a multi-use indoor [[arena]]
This project was initiated by the Danish government.

The beach area to the east of the island, known as [[Amager Strandpark]] (Amager Beach Park), which had fallen into disrepair since its inception in the 1930s, was extensively redeveloped between May 2004 and August 2005. A 2-km-long artificial island was constructed just off the mainland, from which it is separated by a small lagoon.

Until the 1970s, Amager was used as a place to dump latrine waste; this led to a slang term for the island 'Lorteøen' (Shit Island). See [[Renholdningsselskabet af 1898]].

==Amenities==

Large parts of Kalvebod Fælled are rich in nature and have many grazing cows and horses. This area allows the citizens of Copenhagen to experience nature, without travelling far from the city.

Amager is also home to the Amager Bio, a cinema, concert and cultural venue. Top bands from the last 40 years have played there, both those of international origin ([[Prince (musician)|Prince]], [[Alien Ant Farm]], [[P.O.D]], [[Aimee Mann]], [[Uriah Heep (band)|Uriah Heep]], [[King Crimson]], [[Cradle of Filth]], [[John Mayall and the Bluesbreakers]], [[Jethro Tull (band)|Jethro Tull]], [[The Moody Blues]], [[MGMT]], [[Nas]], [[Andrew Bird]]) and from Denmark ([[D-A-D|D.A.D]], [[Dodo and the Dodos]], [[Johnny Deluxe]], [[Big Fat Snake]]).

[[Amager Common]] ([[Danish language|Danish]]: ''Amager Fælled'') is a 223 hectare [[nature reserve]] in north-west Amager. The former military area is home to a diverse range of flora and fauna; including forests, fields, and [[Highland cattle]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://naturstyrelsen.dk/naturoplevelser/naturguider/amager-faelled/ |title= The Danish Nature Agency |website=Naturstyrelsen.dk |access-date=18 May 2020}}</ref>

The King's Grove (Danish: ''Kongelunden)'' is a large oak forest located on the southern side of Amager. It's popular for cycling, bird watching, and horseback riding.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kongelunden|url=https://naturstyrelsen.dk/naturoplevelser/naturguider/kongelunden/|access-date=2021-06-14|website=naturstyrelsen.dk|language=da}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Kings Forest Amager|url=https://www.visitdragor.com/dragor/explorer-dragor/kings-forest-amager-gdk1113991|access-date=2021-06-14|website=Visit Dragoer|language=en}}</ref>

[[National Aquarium Denmark|The National Aquarium Denmark]] is situated in the east of Amager and is Northern Europe's largest aquarium.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Den Blå Planet, National Aquarium Denmark|url=https://www.visitcopenhagen.com/copenhagen/planning/den-blaa-planet--national-aquarium-denmark-gdk1077922|access-date=2021-06-14|website=VisitCopenhagen|language=en}}</ref>

== Communities ==

Various communities are located on Amager, including [[Islands Brygge]], and the towns of [[Dragør]], [[Kastrup]], and [[Tårnby]].

==Transport==

Amager is connected by tunnel to the artificial island [[Peberholm]] from which [[Øresund Bridge]] connects Denmark to [[Sweden]]. The construction of the bridge has had a significant impact on the physical geography of the island, largely due to the construction of new highways.{{citation needed|date=November 2019}}

The [[Copenhagen Metro]] connects Amager to central Copenhagen. The metro line from Vanløse to Amager divides into M1 and M2 lines at Christianshavn and then continue to Vestamager and Lufthavnen (Copenhagen Airport).

[[Copenhagen Airport]] is in the eastern part of Amager. It is linked by train, metro and bus services.

== Expressions with 'Amager' ==
* Amar! – an [[incantation]] for [[innocence]], a mild [[oath]] (honest Injun! cross my heart!)<ref>{{cite web | url=https://ordnet.dk/ddo/ordbog?query=amager,1&entry_id=11001481 | title=Amager1 — den Danske Ordbog }}</ref>
* Amagergarn – [[mercerised cotton]] [[embroidery thread]], pearl yarn, perle cotton, coton perlé (in German: [[:de:Perlgarn]])<ref>{{cite web | url=https://sproget.dk/lookup?SearchableText=amagergarn | title=Amagergarn — sproget.dk }}</ref>
* Amagerbroderi (Amager [[embroidery]]) is colourful flat sewing known from Amager<ref>[https://denstoredanske.lex.dk/amagerbroderi Amagerbroderi] (in Danish)</ref>
* Amagersyning (Amager [[Stitch (textile arts)|stitching]]) is Dutch-inspired embroidery techniques<ref>[https://denstoredanske.lex.dk/amagersyning Amagersyning] (in Danish)</ref>
* Amagerhylde – Amager shelf, an A-shaped triangular shelf for trinkets<ref>{{cite web | url=https://sproget.dk/lookup?SearchableText=amagerhylde | title=Amagerhylde — sproget.dk }}</ref>
* Amagermad – Amager sandwich, consisting of one slice of brown and one of white bread with butter between them, and possibly cold cuts<ref>{{cite web | url=https://sproget.dk/lookup?SearchableText=amagermad | title=Amagermad — sproget.dk }}</ref>
* Amager-nummerplade ([[vehicle registration plate]] of Amager) is a [[lower-back tattoo]].

==Notable people==
[[File:Klaus-rifbjerg DSC03877.jpg|140px|thumb|Klaus Rifbjerg, 2009]]
[[File:Linse Kessler in Kolding Storcenter.2013.JPG|140px|thumb|Linse Kessler, 2013]]
* [[Christiane Koren]] (1764–1815) a Danish-Norwegian writer
* [[Klaus Rifbjerg]] (1931–2015) a Danish writer
* [[Ole Rasmussen (footballer, born 1952)|Ole Rasmussen]] (born 1952) a Danish former football player
* [[Frank Arnesen]] (born 1956) a former Danish footballer
* [[Morten Stig Christensen]] (born 1958) a former Danish handball player
* [[Brian Holm]] (born 1962) a retired Danish professional rider in road bicycle racing
* [[Peter Frödin]] (born 1964) a Danish actor, comedian and singer <ref>[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0297048/   IMDb Database] retrieved 28 January 2019</ref>
* [[Linse Kessler]] (born 1966) a Danish television personality, actress and businesswoman
* [[Jacob Moe Rasmussen]] (born 1975) a Danish former cyclist
* [[Mikkel Kessler]] (born 1979) a Danish former professional boxer
* [[Christine Milton]] (born 1985) a Danish pop singer, songwriter and professional dancer
* [[Martin Bernburg]] (born 1985) a Danish professional footballer
* [[Joey Moe]] (born 1985) a Danish-Hawaiian hip hop pop singer and producer
* [[Nicklas Bendtner]] (born 1988) a Danish professional footballer
* [[Christopher (singer)|Christopher]] (born 1992) also known as ''Christopher Nissen'', is a Danish singer
* [[Cisilia]] (born 1998)  also known as ''Cisilia Ismailova'', is a Danish singer

== See also ==
* [[List of islands of Denmark]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Amager}}
{{Wikivoyage|Copenhagen/Amager|Amager}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060926235702/http://www.amager-strand.dk/ServiceMenu/English Amager Beach Park]
* [http://www.amagerbio.dk/?30/Forside Amager Bio]
*[http://my.opera.com/wofaurholt/blog/amager Paintings from Amager]

{{Amager}}
{{Denmark islands}}

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[[Category:Amager| ]]
[[Category:Geography of Copenhagen]]
[[Category:Islands of Denmark]]