Editing Amadeus IX, Duke of Savoy

{{Short description|Duke of Savoy from 1465 to 1472}}
{{Infobox royalty
| name        = Amadeus IX
| succession  = [[Duke of Savoy]]
| image       = Ritratto del beato Amedeo IX di Savoia.png
| caption     = Portrait of Amadeus IX of Savoy
| reign       = 29 January 1465 – 30 March 1472
| predecessor = [[Louis, Duke of Savoy|Louis]]
| successor   = [[Philibert I, Duke of Savoy|Philibert I]]
| house       = [[House of Savoy|Savoy]]
| father      = [[Louis, Duke of Savoy]]
| mother      = [[Anne de Lusignan]]
| spouse      = [[Yolande of Valois]]
| issue       = [[Anne of Savoy|Anne]]<br>Maria<br>[[Louise of Savoy (nun)|Louise]]<br>[[Philibert I of Savoy|Filiberto]]<br>[[Charles I of Savoy|Carlo]]
| birth_date  = 1 February 1435
| birth_place = [[Thonon-les-Bains]]
| death_date  = {{death date and age|1472|3|30|1435|2|1|df=yes}}
| death_place = 
| religion    = [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]]
}}
'''Amadeus IX''' (1 February 1435 &ndash; 30 March 1472), nicknamed '''the Happy''', was the [[Duke of Savoy]] from 1465 to 1472. The Catholic Church venerates him with a liturgical feast on March 30.

==Life==
Amadeus was born at [[Thonon-les-Bains]], the son of [[Louis, Duke of Savoy]], and [[Anne de Lusignan]],{{sfn|Hand|2013|p=220}} daughter of [[Janus of Cyprus]], King of Cyprus. In 1452, his mother arranged a political marriage to [[Yolande of Valois]] (1434&ndash;1478), sister of [[Louis XI of France]] and daughter of [[Charles VII of France]]. Because of his epilepsy and retirement, she was left in control of the state.<ref name=bunson>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l-pwoTFp31kC&q=blessed+amadeus+ix+of+savoy&pg=PA75|title=Bunson, Matthew and Bunson, Stephen. "Amadeus IX of Savoy", ''Our Sunday Visitor's Encyclopedia of Saints'', OSV Publishing, 2003|isbn=9781931709750|last1=Bunson|first1=Matthew|last2=Bunson|first2=Margaret|last3=Bunson|first3=Stephen|year=2003}}</ref>

[[France]] and the Holy Roman Empire competed to gain control of Savoy's strategically important [[Alps|Alpine]] mountain passes and trade routes.<ref name=savoy/> His sister, [[Charlotte of Savoy]], became the second wife of [[Louis XI of France]]. French influence increased in Savoy and involved the country in the wars between France and the emperors.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13492a.htm|title=CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Savoy|website=www.newadvent.org}}</ref> The Castle of Moncalleri in Piedmont, Italy had been built around 1100 as a hill fortress, to command the main southern access from Turin. In the mid-15th century Yolande turned it into a Renaissance Royal Palace.

Amadeus was a particular protector of Franciscan friars. He also endowed other religious houses as well as homes for the care of the poor and suffering.<ref name=savoy>{{Cite web|url=http://www.savoydelegation-usa.org/history.asp?id=387|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120206075352/http://www.savoydelegation-usa.org/history.asp?id=387|url-status=dead|title="The Early Dukes of Savoy", American Delegation of Savoy Orders|archive-date=February 6, 2012}}</ref> He made a pilgrimage to [[Saint-Claude, Jura|Saint-Claude]] in 1471.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13341a.htm|title=CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Saint-Claude|website=www.newadvent.org}}</ref> He died the following year.<ref name=savoy/>

Amadeus was an avid collector of [[manuscript]]s, adding over sixty items to the ducal library started by his great-grandfather [[Amadeus VII, Count of Savoy]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Hand |first1=Joni M |title=Women, Manuscripts and Identity in Northern Europe 1350–1550 |date=2017 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-351-53653-0 |page=27 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=azMrDwAAQBAJ&q=Amadeus+IX%2C+Duke+of+Savoy&pg=PA25 }}</ref>

==Family==
Amadeus IX had ten children with Yolande of Valois:
# Louis (1453)
# [[Anne of Savoy|Anne]] (1455&ndash;1480), married [[Frederick IV of Naples]] (1452&ndash;1504), prince of [[Altamura]]
# Charles (1456&ndash;1471), [[Prince of Piedmont]]
# Maria (1460&ndash;1511) married [[Philip of Hachberg-Sausenberg]] (1454–1503)
# [[Louise of Savoy (nun)|Louise]] (1461&ndash;1503), married Hugh, Prince of [[House of Chalon-Arlay|Chalon]] and, later, became a [[Poor Clare]] [[nun]] 
# [[Philibert I, Duke of Savoy|Philibert]] (1465&ndash;1482){{sfn|Hand|2013|p=220}}
# Bernard (1467)
# [[Charles I of Savoy|Charles]] (1468&ndash;1490){{sfn|Hand|2013|p=220}}
# James Louis (1470&ndash;1485), Count of [[Genevois (province)|Genevois]], [[France]]
# Gian Claudio Galeazzo (1472)

His daughter Louise became a [[nun]] of the [[Franciscan]] [[Second Order (religious)|Second Order]] after being widowed at a young age. She was also beatified.
[[File:Lesser coat of arms of the Kingdom of Italy (1890).svg|125px|right|thumb|Coat of Arms of the Dukes of Savoy]]

==Beatification==
A miraculous reputation developed around a 1474 painting of Amadeus, housed in [[San Domenico, Turin|the Dominican church in Turin]].

Michel Merle suggests that the cult of Amadeus was part of a decades long effort on the part of the [[House of Savoy]] to enhance its political status.<ref name=Merle/> 1612 saw the publication in Turin of a brief text extolling Amadeus, by Girolamo Cordieri, canon of the cathedral chapter of Mondovi. Cordieri was later to be appointed theologian to [[Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy]]. Also in 1612, a canon from Vercelli published a compendium of miracles attributed to Amadeus' intercession. 

In 1613, an ''Historia del Beato Amedeo terzo duca di Savoia'' was composed by Fr. Pietro-Francisco Malletta. Six years later, the Duke of Savoy issued nine-florin coins depicting Amadeus IX on one side. These appear to have been used as religious medals, particularly in the [[Chablais]], where they were distributed by [[Francis de Sales]].<ref name=Merle>{{cite book |last1=Merle |first1=Michel |chapter=The Model of the Holy Savoyard Prince A Religious Discourse for Political Ends |pages=151–166 |id={{Project MUSE|2754853|type=chapter}} |doi=10.5325/j.ctv1c9hnc2.14 |jstor=10.5325/j.ctv1c9hnc2.14 |editor1-first=Matthew |editor1-last=Vester |title=Sabaudian Studies: Political Culture, Dynasty, and Territory (1400–1700) |date=2013 |publisher=Penn State University Press |isbn=978-1-61248-094-7 }}</ref>

Presented as a holy prince known for his charity and concern for the poor, Amadeus IX was beatified on 3 March 1677 by [[Pope Innocent XI]].<ref name=Merle/>

==Ancestry==

{{ahnentafel
|collapsed=yes |align=center
|boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc;
|boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9;
|boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc;
|boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc;
|boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe;
|1= 1. '''Amadeus IX, Duke of Savoy'''<ref name=bunson/>
|2= 2. [[Louis, Duke of Savoy]]<ref name=bunson/>
|3= 3. [[Anne of Cyprus]]<ref name=bunson/>
|4= 4. [[Antipope Felix V]]<ref name=Vaughn>{{cite book |last1=Vaughan |first1=Richard |title=Philip the Bold: The Formation of the Burgundian State |date=2002 |publisher=Boydell Press |isbn=978-0-85115-915-7 }}{{pn|date=March 2024}}</ref>
|5= 5. [[Mary of Burgundy, Duchess of Savoy|Mary of Burgundy]]<ref name=Vaughn/>
|6= 6. [[Janus of Cyprus]]<ref name=Luke>Luke, Harry (1975). "The Kingdom of Cyprus". In Setton, Kenneth Meyer (ed.). A History of the Crusades: The fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. Vol. III. University of Wisconsin Press. p. 371</ref>
|7= 7. [[Charlotte of Bourbon, Queen of Cyprus|Charlotte of Bourbon]]<ref name=Luke/>
|8= 8. [[Amadeus VII, Count of Savoy]]<ref name=Vaughn/>
|9= 9. [[Bonne of Berry]]<ref name=Vaughn/>
|10= 10. [[Philip the Bold|Philip II, Duke of Burgundy]]<ref name=Vaughn/>
|11= 11. [[Margaret III, Countess of Flanders]]<ref name=Vaughn/>
|12= 12. [[James I of Cyprus]]<ref name=edbury>Edbury, Peter W. (1994). The Kingdom of Cyprus and the Crusades, 1191-1374. Cambridge University Press. p. 174</ref>
|13= 13. [[Helvis of Brunswick-Grubenhagen|Helvis of Brunswick]]<ref name=edbury/>
|14= 14. [[John I, Count of La Marche]]<ref name=Potter>Potter, David (1995). Keen, Maurice (ed.). A History of France, 1460–1560: The Emergence of a Nation State. Macmillan.</ref>
|15= 15. [[Catherine of Vendôme]]<ref name=Potter/>
}}

==References==
{{commons category|Amadeus IX, Duke of Savoy}}
{{Reflist}}

==Sources==
*{{cite book |title=Women, Manuscripts and Identity in Northern Europe, 1350-1550 |first=Joni M. |last=Hand |publisher=Routledge  |year=2013 }}220


{{S-start}}
{{S-hou|[[House of Savoy]]|1 February|1435|30 March|1472}}
{{S-reg|}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Louis, Duke of Savoy|Louis]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Duke of Savoy]]|years=1465&ndash;1472}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Philibert I, Duke of Savoy|Philibert I]]}}
{{S-end}}
{{Dukes of Savoy}}
{{Princes of Savoy}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Amadeus 09 of Savoy}}
[[Category:1435 births]]
[[Category:1472 deaths]]
[[Category:15th-century dukes of Savoy]]
[[Category:15th-century venerated Christians]]
[[Category:Burials at Vercelli Cathedral]]
[[Category:French beatified people]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic royal saints]]
[[Category:Italian people of Cypriot descent]]
[[Category:People from Thonon-les-Bains]]
[[Category:Royalty and nobility with epilepsy]]
[[Category:Italian royalty and nobility with disabilities]]
[[Category:15th-century Italian nobility]]