Editing Allan Dwan

{{Short description|American film director & screenwriter (1885–1981)}}
{{Use American English|date=June 2021}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=June 2021}}
{{Infobox person
| name         = Allan Dwan
| image        = Allan Dwan - Sep 1920 EH.jpg
| alt          =
| caption      = Dwan in 1920
| birth_name   = Joseph Aloysius Dwan
| birth_date   = {{Birth date|1885|4|3}}
| birth_place  = [[Toronto]], [[Ontario]], Canada
| death_date   = {{Death date and age|1981|12|28|1885|4|3}}
| death_place  = [[Los Angeles, California]], U.S.
| spouse       = {{marriage|[[Pauline Bush (actress)|Pauline Bush]]|1915|1919|end=divorce}}<br/>{{marriage|Marie Shelton|1927|1949|end=divorce}}
| occupation   = Film director<br />Film producer<br />Screenwriter
| years_active = 1911–1961; 1980
}}
'''Allan Dwan''' (born '''Joseph Aloysius Dwan'''; April 3, 1885 – December 28, 1981) was a pioneering Canadian-born American motion picture director, producer, and screenwriter.

==Early life==
Born Joseph Aloysius Dwan in [[Toronto]], Ontario, Canada, Dwan was the younger son of commercial traveler of woolen clothing Joseph Michael Dwan (1857–1917) and his wife Mary Jane Dwan (née Hunt). The family moved to the United States when he was seven years old on December 4, 1892, by ferry from Windsor to Detroit, according to his [[naturalization]] petition of August 1939. His elder brother, Leo Garnet Dwan (1883–1964), became a physician.

Allan Dwan studied engineering at the [[University of Notre Dame]] and then worked for a lighting company in Chicago. He had a strong interest in the fledgling motion picture industry, and when [[Essanay Studios]] offered him the opportunity to become a scriptwriter, he took the job.<ref name="Kevin Brownlow 1968">{{cite book|author=Brownlow, Kevin|author-link=Kevin Brownlow|title=The Parade's Gone By...|publisher=[[Ballantine Books|Ballantine Books, Inc.]]|location=New York|year=1969|page=111}}</ref> At that time, some of the [[East Coast of the United States|East Coast]] movie makers began to spend winters in California where the climate allowed them to continue productions requiring warm weather. Soon, a number of movie companies worked there year-round, and in 1911, Dwan began working part-time in [[Hollywood, Los Angeles|Hollywood]]. While still in New York, in 1917 he was the founding president of the East Coast chapter of the [[Motion Picture Directors Association]].<ref name="frankenstein">{{cite news|last=Fournier|first=Pierre|url=http://io9.gizmodo.com/5706057/the-first-frankenstein-of-the-movies|title=The first Frankenstein of the movies|work=[[io9]]|date=December 4, 2010|access-date=April 28, 2016}}</ref>

==Career==
Dwan started his directing career by accident in 1911, when he was sent by his employers to California, in order to locate a company that had vanished. Dwan managed to track the company down, and learned that they were waiting for a film director (who was an alcoholic) to return from a binge and allow them to resume their work. Dwan wired back to his employers in Chicago, informing them of the situation, and suggested that they disband the company. They wired back, instructing Dwan to direct the stalled film. When Dwan informed the company of the situation, and that their jobs were on the line, they responded: "You're the best damn director we ever saw".<ref name="HollywoodDoc">{{cite episode |title=The Man with the Megaphone |series=[[Hollywood (1980 TV series)|Hollywood]] |date=March 11, 1980 |number=10}}</ref>

Dwan operated [[Flying A Studios]] in [[La Mesa, California]], from August 1911 to July 1912.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eastcountymagazine.org/node/6833|title=La mesa to honor its tinseltown roots aug. 12–13}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://lamesa.patch.com/articles/100-simple-melodramas-were-made-in-la-mesa-100-years-ago|title=Proto-Hollywood: 100 Melodramas Were Made In La Mesa 100 Years Ago|date=August 10, 2011}}</ref> Flying A was one of the first motion pictures studios in California history. On August 12, 2011, a plaque was unveiled on the Wolff building at Third Avenue and La Mesa Boulevard commemorating Dwan and the [[Flying A Studios]] origins in [[La Mesa, California]].

After making a series of westerns and comedies, Dwan directed fellow Canadian-American [[Mary Pickford]] in several very successful movies as well as her husband, [[Douglas Fairbanks]], notably in the acclaimed 1922 ''[[Robin Hood (1922 film)|Robin Hood]]''. Around that time, he also directed [[Carole Lombard]] in [[A Perfect Crime (film)|''A Perfect Crime'']], her film debut. Dwan directed [[Gloria Swanson]] in eight feature films, and one short film made in the short-lived sound-on-film process [[Phonofilm]]. This short, also featuring [[Thomas Meighan]] and [[Henri de la Falaise]], was produced as a joke, for the April 26, 1925 "Lambs' Gambol" for [[The Lambs]], with the film showing Swanson crashing the all-male club.

Following the introduction of the [[sound film|talkies]], Dwan directed child-star [[Shirley Temple]] in ''[[Heidi (1937 film)|Heidi]]'' (1937) and ''[[Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm (1938 film)|Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm]]'' (1938).

Dwan helped launch the career of two other successful Hollywood directors, [[Victor Fleming]], who went on to direct ''[[The Wizard of Oz (1939 film)|The Wizard of Oz]]'' and ''[[Gone with the Wind (film)|Gone With the Wind]]'', and [[Marshall Neilan]], who became an actor, director, writer and producer. Over a long career spanning almost 50 years, Dwan directed 125 motion pictures, some of which were highly acclaimed, such as the 1949 box office hit, ''[[Sands of Iwo Jima]]''. He directed his last movie in 1961.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/SearchResult.aspx?s=&retailCheck=&Type=PN&CatID=DATABIN_DIRECTOR&ID=11207&AN_ID=&searchedFor=Allan_Dwan_|publisher=[[American Film Institute]]|title=Allan Dwan, Filmography|access-date=December 27, 2015}}</ref>

Being one of the last surviving pioneers of the cinema, he was interviewed at length for the 1980 documentary series ''[[Hollywood (British TV series)|Hollywood]]''.<ref name="HollywoodDoc"/>

He died in Los Angeles at the age of 96, and is interred in the [[San Fernando Mission Cemetery]], [[Mission Hills, Los Angeles|Mission Hills, California]].

Dwan has a star on the [[Hollywood Walk of Fame]] at 6263 [[Hollywood Boulevard]].

Daniel Eagan of ''[[Film Journal International]]'' described Dwan as one of the early pioneers of cinema, stating that his style "is so basic as to seem invisible, but he treats his characters with uncommon sympathy and compassion."<ref>{{cite web|last1=Eagan|first1=Daniel|title=MoMA's Republic Pictures series offers B-movie rediscoveries and restorations|url=http://www.filmjournal.com/momas-republic-pictures-series-offers-b-movie-rediscoveries-and-restorations|website=[[Film Journal International]]|publisher=[[Prometheus Global Media|Prometheus Global Media, LLC]]|access-date=February 1, 2018|date=January 31, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180131223908/http://www.filmjournal.com/momas-republic-pictures-series-offers-b-movie-rediscoveries-and-restorations|archive-date=January 31, 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Partial filmography as director==
{{div col|colwidth=25em}}
*''[[The Restless Spirit]]'' (1913)
*''[[Back to Life (1913 film)|Back to Life]]'' (1913)
*''[[Bloodhounds of the North]]'' (1913)
*''[[The Lie (1914 film)|The Lie]]'' (1914)
*''[[The Honor of the Mounted]]'' (1914)
* ''[[The Unwelcome Mrs. Hatch]]'' (1914)
*''[[Remember Mary Magdalen]]'' (1914)
*''[[Discord and Harmony]]'' (1914)
*''[[The Embezzler (1914 film)|The Embezzler]]'' (1914)
*''[[The Lamb, the Woman, the Wolf]]'' (1914)
*''[[The End of the Feud]]'' (1914)
*''[[The Test (1914 film)|The Test]]'' (1914) (*writer)
*''[[The Tragedy of Whispering Creek]]'' (1914)
*''[[The Unlawful Trade]]'' (1914)
*''[[The Forbidden Room (1914 film)|The Forbidden Room]]'' (1914)
*''[[The Hopes of Blind Alley]]'' (1914)
*''[[Richelieu (1914 film)|Richelieu]]'' (1914)
* ''[[Wildflower (1914 film)|Wildflower]]'' (1914)
*''[[A Small Town Girl]]'' (1915)
*''[[David Harum (1915 film)|David Harum]]'' (1915)
*''[[A Girl of Yesterday]]'' (1915)
*''[[The Pretty Sister of Jose (1915 film)|The Pretty Sister of Jose]]'' (1915)
* ''[[Jordan Is a Hard Road]]'' (1915)
*''[[The Habit of Happiness]]'' (1916)
*''[[The Good Bad Man]]'' (1916)
*''[[An Innocent Magdalene]]'' (1916)
*''[[The Half-Breed (1916 film)|The Half-Breed]]'' (1916)
*''[[Manhattan Madness (1916 film)|Manhattan Madness]]'' (1916)
*''[[Accusing Evidence]]'' (1916)
*''[[Panthea (1917 film)|Panthea]]'' (1917)
*''[[A Modern Musketeer]]'' (1917)
*''[[Bound in Morocco]]'' (1918)
*''[[Headin' South]]'' (1918)
*''[[Mr. Fix-It (1918 film)|Mr. Fix-It]]'' (1918)
*''[[He Comes Up Smiling]]'' (1918)
*''[[Cheating Cheaters (1919 film)|Cheating Cheaters]]'' (1919)
*''[[The Dark Star (1919 film)|The Dark Star]]'' (1919)
*''[[Getting Mary Married]]'' (1919)
*''[[Soldiers of Fortune (1919 film)|Soldiers of Fortune]]'' (1919)
*''[[In The Heart of a Fool]]'' (1920) also producer
*''[[The Forbidden Thing]]'' (1920) also producer
*''[[A Splendid Hazard (1920)|A Splendid Hazard]]'' (1920)
*''[[A Perfect Crime (film)|A Perfect Crime]]'' (1921)
* ''[[The Sin of Martha Queed]]'' (1921)
* ''[[A Broken Doll]]'' (1921)
*''[[Robin Hood (1922 film)|Robin Hood]]'' (1922)
*''[[Zaza (1923 film)|Zaza]]'' (1923)
*''[[Big Brother (1923 film)|Big Brother]]'' (1923)
*''[[Manhandled (1924 film)|Manhandled]]'' (1924)
*''[[Argentine Love]]'' (1924)
*''[[The Coast of Folly]]'' (1925)
*''[[Night Life of New York]]'' (1925)
*''[[Stage Struck (1925 film)|Stage Struck]]'' (1925)
*''[[Padlocked]]'' (1926)
*''[[Sea Horses (film)|Sea Horses]]'' (1926)
*''[[Summer Bachelors]]'' (1926)
*''[[Tin Gods]]'' (1926)
*''[[French Dressing (1927 film)|French Dressing]]'' (1927)
*''[[The Joy Girl]]'' (1927)
*''[[East Side, West Side (1927 film)|East Side, West Side]]'' (1927)
*''[[The Big Noise (1928 film)|The Big Noise]]'' (1928)
*''[[Frozen Justice]]'' (1929)
*''[[The Iron Mask]]'' (1929)
*''[[Tide of Empire]]'' (1929)
*''[[The Far Call]]'' (1929)
*''[[What a Widow!]]'' (1930)
*''[[Man to Man (1930 film)|Man to Man]]'' (1930)
*''[[Wicked (1931 film)|Wicked]]'' (1931)
*''[[While Paris Sleeps (1932 film)|While Paris Sleeps]]'' (1932)
*''[[Counsel's Opinion]]'' (1933)
*''[[Black Sheep (1935 film)|Black Sheep]]'' (1935)
*''[[Navy Wife (1935 film)|Navy Wife]]'' (1935)
*''[[High Tension (1936 film)|High Tension]]'' (1936)
*''[[15 Maiden Lane]]'' (1936)
*''[[One Mile from Heaven]]'' (1937)
*''[[Heidi (1937 film)|Heidi]]'' (1937)
*''[[Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm (1938 film)|Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm]]'' (1938)
*''[[Suez (film)|Suez]]'' (1938)
* ''[[Josette (1938 film)|Josette]]'' (1938)
*''[[The Three Musketeers (1939 film)|The Three Musketeers]]'' (1939)
*''[[The Gorilla (1939 film)|The Gorilla]]'' (1939)
*''[[Frontier Marshal (1939 film)|Frontier Marshal]]'' (1939)
*''[[Sailor's Lady]]'' (1940)
*''[[Young People (1940 film)|Young People]]'' (1940)
*''[[Trail of the Vigilantes]]'' (1940)
*''[[Look Who's Laughing]]'' (1941) also producer
*''[[Rise and Shine (film)|Rise and Shine]]'' (1941)
*''[[Friendly Enemies (1942 film)|Friendly Enemies]]'' (1942)
*''[[Around the World (1943 film)|Around the World]]'' (1943) also producer
*''[[Up in Mabel's Room (1944 film)|Up in Mabel's Room]]'' (1944)
*''[[Abroad with Two Yanks]]'' (1944)
*''[[Getting Gertie's Garter (1945 film)|Getting Gertie's Garter]]'' (1945) also screenwriter
*''[[Brewster's Millions (1945 film)|Brewster's Millions]]'' (1945)
*''[[Rendezvous with Annie]]'' (1946)
*''[[Driftwood (1947 film)|Driftwood]]'' (1947)
*''[[Calendar Girl (1947 film)|Calendar Girl]]'' (1947)
*''[[Northwest Outpost]]'' (1947) also associate producer
*''[[The Inside Story (film)|The Inside Story]]'' (1948)
*''[[Angel in Exile]]'' (1948) (with [[Philip Ford (film director)|Philip Ford]])
*''[[Sands of Iwo Jima]]'' (1949)
*''[[Surrender (1950 film)|Surrender]]'' (1950)
*''[[Belle Le Grand]]'' (1951)
*''[[Wild Blue Yonder (film)|Wild Blue Yonder]]'' (1951)
*''[[I Dream of Jeanie (film)|I Dream of Jeanie]]'' (1952)
*''[[Montana Belle]]'' (1952)
*''[[Woman They Almost Lynched]]'' (1953)
* ''[[Sweethearts on Parade (1953 film)|Sweethearts on Parade]]'' (1953)
*''[[Silver Lode (1954 film)|Silver Lode]]'' (1954)
*''[[Passion (1954 film)|Passion]]'' (1954)
*''[[Cattle Queen of Montana]]'' (1954)
*''[[Tennessee's Partner]]'' (1955)
*''[[Pearl of the South Pacific]]'' (1955)
*''[[Escape to Burma]]'' (1955)
*''[[Slightly Scarlet (1956 film)|Slightly Scarlet]]'' (1956)
*''[[Hold Back the Night (film)|Hold Back the Night]]'' (1956)
*''[[The Restless Breed]]'' (1957)
*''[[The River's Edge]]'' (1957)
*''[[Enchanted Island (film)|Enchanted Island]]'' (1958)
*''[[Most Dangerous Man Alive]]'' (1961)
{{div col end}}

==See also==
*[[Canadian pioneers in early Hollywood]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Further reading==
*[[Kevin Brownlow|Brownlow, Kevin]], ''The Parade's Gone By...'' (1968) {{ISBN|0520030680}} {{ISBN|978-0520030688}}
*[[Peter Bogdanovich|Bogdanovich, Peter]], ''Allan Dwan: The Last Pioneer'' (1971) {{ISBN|0289701228}} {{ISBN|978-0289701225}} 
*[[Charles Foster (writer)|Foster, Charles]], ''Stardust and Shadows: Canadians in Early Hollywood'' (2000) {{ISBN|1-55002-348-9}}
*Lombardi, Frederic, ''Allan Dwan and the Rise and Decline of the Hollywood Studios'' (2013)
Print {{ISBN|978-0-7864-3485-5}} E-book {{ISBN|978-0-7864-9040-0}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Allan Dwan}}
*{{IMDb name|0245385|Allan Dwan}}
*[http://www.virtual-history.com/movie/person/2643/allan-dwan Allan Dwan profile], virtual-history.com; accessed June 16, 2014

{{Allan Dwan}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Dwan, Allan}}
[[Category:1885 births]]
[[Category:1981 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century American male writers]]
[[Category:20th-century American screenwriters]]
[[Category:Film directors from Los Angeles]]
[[Category:Film producers from Los Angeles]]
[[Category:American male screenwriters]]
[[Category:Burials at San Fernando Mission Cemetery]]
[[Category:Canadian emigrants to the United States]]
[[Category:Film directors from Toronto]]
[[Category:Western (genre) film directors]]
[[Category:Screenwriters from Toronto]]
[[Category:People from La Mesa, California]]
[[Category:Writers from San Diego]]