Editing Akron, Ohio

{{redirect|Akron}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name               = Akron
| etymology          = {{ety|grc|''[[:wikt:ἄκρον|ἄκρον]]'' (ákron)|summit, high point}}
| settlement_type    = [[List of municipalities in Ohio|City]]
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| image1      = Downtown skyline as seen from Ohio & Erie Canalway at Martin Luther King Boulevard, Akron, Ohio - 20200530.jpg
| caption1    = [[Cascade Plaza, Akron|Cascade Plaza]] in downtown Akron
| image2      = Stan Hywet Hall 2.jpg
| caption2    = [[Stan Hywet Hall and Gardens|Stan Hywet Hall]]
| image3      = Akron Art Museum July 2024.jpg
| caption3    = [[Akron Art Museum]]
| image4      = Home Plate View at Canal Park.jpg
| caption4    = [[Canal Park (Akron, Ohio)|Canal Park]]
| image5      = Goodyear Airdock July 2024.jpg
| caption5    = [[Goodyear Airdock]]
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| nicknames          = {{nowrap|Rubber City}}, {{nowrap|City of Invention}}, {{nowrap|Rubber Capital of the World (''historical'')}}
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| subdivision_name1  = [[Ohio]]
| subdivision_name2  = [[Summit County, Ohio|Summit]]
<!-- established --------------->| established_title  = Founded
| established_date   = 1825
| established_title2 = Incorporated
| established_date2  = 1836 (village)
| established_title3 = Incorporated
| established_date3  = 1865 (city)
<!-- government type, leaders -->| founder            = {{Plainlist|
* [[Simon Perkins]]
* Paul Williams
}}
| government_type    = [[Mayor–council]]
| leader_title       = Mayor
| leader_name        = [[Shammas Malik]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|D]])
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| coordinates        = {{coord|41|04|50|N|81|31|20|W|region:US-OH|display=inline,title}}
| population_total   = 190469
| population_as_of   = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
| population_footnotes = 
| population_est     = 189664 {{loss}}
| pop_est_as_of      = 2024
| pop_est_footnotes  = <ref name="USCensusQuickFacts">{{cite web |title=Akron city, Ohio |work=QuickFacts |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/akroncityohio |access-date=May 15, 2025 }}</ref>
| population_rank    = US: [[List of United States cities by population|140th]]
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| population_demonym = Akronite
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| area_codes         = [[Area codes 330 and 234|234, 330]]
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<!-- website, footnotes -------->| website            = {{URL|https://www.akronohio.gov/}}
}}

'''Akron''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|æ|k|r|ən}}) is a city in [[Summit County, Ohio]], United States, and its [[county seat]]. At the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], the city proper had a total population of 190,469, making it the [[List of municipalities in Ohio|fifth-most populous city]] in Ohio and [[List of United States cities by population|140th-most populous city]] in the U.S. The [[Akron metropolitan area]], covering Summit and [[Portage County, Ohio|Portage]] counties, had a population of 702,219.<ref name="FactFinder">{{cite web|title=American FactFinder|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200212234628/http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml|url-status=dead|archive-date=February 12, 2020|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=January 6, 2013}}</ref> It is located on the western edge of the [[Glaciated Allegheny Plateau]] in [[Northeast Ohio]] about {{convert|40|mi|km}} south of downtown [[Cleveland]].

First settled in 1810, the city was founded by [[Simon Perkins]] and Paul Williams in 1825 along the [[Cuyahoga River|Little Cuyahoga River]] at the summit of the developing [[Ohio and Erie Canal]].<ref name=":0" />  The name is derived from the [[Greek language|Greek]] word {{lang|grc|ἄκρον}} ({{em|ákron}}), signifying a summit or high point. It was briefly renamed South Akron after Eliakim Crosby founded nearby North Akron in 1833, until both merged into an incorporated village in 1836. In the 1910s, Akron doubled in population, making it the nation's fastest-growing city.

A long history of rubber and tire manufacturing, carried on today by the [[Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company]], gave Akron the nickname "Rubber Capital of the World". It was once known as a center of [[airship]] development.<ref name="akronhistory.org">{{cite web|url=http://www.akronhistory.org/butler_clay_products.htm|title=Butler: Clay Products|publisher=Akronhistory.org|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120623213411/http://www.akronhistory.org/butler_clay_products.htm|archive-date=June 23, 2012|url-status=dead|access-date=September 9, 2012}}</ref><ref name="ReferenceB">{{cite web |last1=Howe|first1=Henry|year=1896|title=Historical collections of Ohio: An encyclopedia of the state: History both general and local, geography with descriptions of its counties, cities and villages, its agricultural, manufacturing, mining and business development, sketches of eminent and interesting characters, etc., with notes of a tour over it in 1886|publisher=state of Ohio, Laning printing Company|url=https://archive.org/details/historicalcolle02howegoog|page=[https://archive.org/details/historicalcolle02howegoog/page/n611 631]|quote=Paul Williams founder akron ohio.}}</ref> Today, its economy includes manufacturing, education, healthcare, and biomedical research; leading employers include [[Akron Children's Hospital]], [[Gojo Industries]], [[FirstEnergy]], and [[Summa Health]]. Other significant institutions include the [[Akron Art Museum]], [[Akron Civic Theatre]], [[Stan Hywet Hall and Gardens]], and [[University of Akron]].

Notable historic events in Akron include the passage of the Akron School Law of 1847, which created the [[K–12 (education)|K–12 system]]; the popularization of the church architectural [[Akron Plan]], the foundation of [[Alcoholics Anonymous]], the Akron Experiment into preventing [[goiter]]s with [[iodized]] [[salt]], the 1983 Supreme Court case ''[[City of Akron v. Akron Center for Reproductive Health]];'' and portions of the [[2014 Gay Games]]. A racially diverse city, it has seen noted racial relations speeches by [[Sojourner Truth]] in 1851 (the [[Ain't I A Woman?]] speech), [[W. E. B. Du Bois]] in 1920,<ref name="Akron: Akron's Black History Timeline: 1900-1919: The New Century" /> and President [[Bill Clinton]] in 1997.<ref name="Akron Ohio Historical Timeline 1950 - 1999" /> Episodes of major civil unrest in Akron have included the [[Crime in Akron, Ohio|riot of 1900]], [[Akron rubber strike of 1936|rubber strike of 1936]], the [[Crime in Akron, Ohio|Wooster Avenue riots of 1968]], and the 2022 protests surrounding the [[killing of Jayland Walker]].

==History==
[[File:TownplotpfAkron.jpg|upright|thumb|left|Original town plot of Akron]]

The first settler in the Akron area was Major Miner Spicer,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Smith |first=Oscar |date=October 23, 1952 |title=He Digs Up History Of City's Street Names |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-akron-beacon-journal/30692687/ |access-date=March 2, 2024 |work=[[The Akron Beacon Journal]] |pages=33}}</ref> who came from [[Groton, Connecticut]]. He built a [[log cabin]] in the forest in 1810, and became the region's first citizen.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=First Universalist Church |date=1904 |title=Views of Akron, Ohio and Environs |url=https://www.akronlibrary.org/images/SpecCol/views_of_akron.pdf |page=4}}</ref> In June 1811, Spicer sent for his family, who came that same year by ox teams accompanied by Capt. Amos Spicer and Paul Williams.<ref>{{Cite book |title=A Portrait and Biographical Record of Portage and Summit Counties, Ohio |publisher=A. W. Bowen & Company |year=1898 |pages=307}}</ref>

In 1811, Paul Williams settled near the corner of what is now Buchtel Avenue and Broadway. He suggested to General [[Simon Perkins]], who was surveyor of the [[Connecticut Land Company]]'s [[Connecticut Western Reserve]], that they found a town at the summit of the developing [[Ohio and Erie Canal]]. The name is adapted from the [[Greek language|Greek]] word {{lang|grc|ἄκρον}} ({{em|ákron}}), meaning summit or high point.<ref>{{LSJ|a)/kron|ἄκρον|ref}}.</ref> It was laid out in December 1825, where the south part of the downtown Akron neighborhood sits today. Irish laborers working on the [[Ohio Canal]] built about 100 cabins nearby.

After Eliakim Crosby founded "North Akron" (also known as Cascade) in the northern portion of what is now downtown Akron in 1833, "South" was added to Akron's name until about three years later, when the two were merged and became an incorporated village in 1836.<ref name=ReferenceA>{{cite web|title=Akron's Historic Timeline: 1800–1849|url=http://www.akronohio.gov/cms/site/2cdaf98b9523ff5c/index.html|publisher=City of Akron|access-date=June 9, 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150607103741/http://www.akronohio.gov/cms/site/2cdaf98b9523ff5c/index.html|archive-date=June 7, 2015}}</ref> In 1840, Summit County formed from portions of [[Portage County, Ohio|Portage]], [[Medina County, Ohio|Medina]], and [[Stark County, Ohio|Stark]] Counties. Akron replaced [[Cuyahoga Falls]] as its county seat a year later and opened a canal connecting to [[Beaver, Pennsylvania]], helping give birth to the stoneware, sewer pipe, fishing tackle, and farming equipment industries.<ref name="akronhistory.org"/><ref name="ReferenceB"/> In 1844, abolitionist [[John Brown (abolitionist)|John Brown]] moved into the [[John Brown House (Akron, Ohio)|John Brown House]] across the street from business partner [[Colonel Simon Perkins]], who lived in the [[Perkins Stone Mansion]]. The Akron School Law of 1847 founded the city's public schools and created the [[K–12 (education)|K–12 grade school system]],<ref name="ohiohistorycentral.org">{{cite web |url= http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/entry.php?rec=1508 |title= Akron School Law |publisher= Ohio History Central |access-date= February 6, 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110628204130/http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/entry.php?rec=1508 |archive-date= June 28, 2011 |url-status= live }}</ref> which currently is used in every U.S. state. The city's first school is now a museum on Broadway Street near the corner of Exchange.

===1850s–1890s: Summit City===
When the Ohio Women's Rights Convention came to Akron in 1851, Sojourner Truth extemporaneously delivered her speech named "[[Ain't I A Woman?]]", at the Universalist Old Stone Church. In 1870, a local businessman associated with the church, [[John R. Buchtel]], founded Buchtel College, which became the [[University of Akron]] in 1913.

[[Ferdinand Schumacher]] bought a mill in 1856, and the following decade mass-produced [[oat|oat bars]] for the [[Union Army]] during the [[American Civil War]]; these continued to sell well after the war. Akron incorporated as a city in 1865.{{citation needed|date=August 2020}} Philanthropist [[Lewis Miller (philanthropist)|Lewis Miller]], Walter Blythe, and architect Jacob Snyder designed the widely used [[Akron Plan]], debuting it on Akron's First Methodist Episcopal Church in 1872.<ref name="nrhpinv_ny" /> Numerous [[Congregational church|Congregational]], [[Baptist]], and [[Presbyterian]] churches built between the 1870s and World War I use it.<ref name="books.google.com">{{cite book|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=eYNjS56yx-0C&pg=PA185 |title=When Church Became Theatre: The Transformation of Evangelical Architecture and Worship in Nineteenth-Century America|first= Jeanne Halgren|last = Kilde|publisher= [[Oxford University Press]]|date= 2005|isbn = 978-0-19-517972-9|page =185}}</ref><ref name="American Religious Buildings" /> In 1883, a local journalist began the modern toy industry by founding the Akron Toy Company. A year later, the first popular toy was mass-produced [[clay]] [[marbles]] made by Samuel C. Dyke at his shop where Lock 3 Park is now. Other popular inventions include rubber balloons, ducks, dolls, balls, baby buggy bumpers, and little brown jugs. In 1895, the first long-distance electric railway, the [[Akron, Bedford and Cleveland Railroad]], began service.<ref>http://omp.ohiolink.edu/OMP/NewDetails?oid=955184&scrapid=566&format=yourscrap&sort=title&searchstatus=0&count=1&hits=1{{dead link|date=June 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> On August 25, 1889, the [[Boston Daily Globe]] referred to Akron with the nickname "Summit City".<ref name="PopikSmoky" /> To help local police, the city deployed the first police car in the U.S. that ran on electricity.<ref name="Police Technology" />

===1900s–1990s: Rubber Capital of the World===
{{See also|Akron Rubber Strike of 1936}}
[[File:Macon construction struct.jpg|thumb|An airship under construction at the [[Goodyear Airdock]], c. 1930]]
The [[Crime in Akron, Ohio|Riot of 1900]] saw assaults on city officials, two deaths, and the destruction by fire of Columbia Hall and the Downtown Fire Station (now the City Building since 1925).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ci.akron.oh.us/history/Riot_1900.htm |title=Akron Ohio History: 1900 Riot |publisher=Ci.akron.oh.us |access-date=September 9, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120215182049/http://www.ci.akron.oh.us/history/Riot_1900.htm |archive-date=February 15, 2012 }}</ref> The American [[trucking industry]] was birthed through Akron's Rubber Capital of the World era when the four major tire companies [[Goodrich Corporation|B.F. Goodrich]] (1869), [[Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company]] (1898), [[Firestone Tire and Rubber Company]] (1900),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.goodyear.com/corporate/history/history_overview.html |title=Goodyear Corporate &#124;&#124; Historic Overview |publisher=Goodyear.com |access-date=April 3, 2009| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090409024843/http://goodyear.com/corporate/history/history_overview.html| archive-date= April 9, 2009 | url-status= live}}</ref> and [[General Tire|General Tire & Rubber Company]] (1915)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.generaltire.com/generaltire/ |title=General Tire * Our Company |publisher=Generaltire.com |date=March 23, 2009 |access-date=April 3, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090301152422/http://www.generaltire.com/generaltire/ |archive-date=March 1, 2009 |url-status=dead  }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.summitmemory.org/cdm4/results.php?CISOOP1=any&CISOBOX1=William&CISOFIELD1=CISOSEARCHALL&CISOOP2=all&CISOBOX2=postcards&CISOFIELD2=subjec&CISOROOT=all&t=s |title=CONTENTdm Collection |publisher=Summitmemory.org |access-date=September 9, 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130120085421/http://www.summitmemory.org/cdm4/results.php?CISOOP1=any&CISOBOX1=William&CISOFIELD1=CISOSEARCHALL&CISOOP2=all&CISOBOX2=postcards&CISOFIELD2=subjec&CISOROOT=all&t=s |archive-date=January 20, 2013  }}</ref> were headquartered in the city. The numerous jobs the rubber factories provided for deaf people led to Akron being nicknamed the "Crossroads of the Deaf".<ref name="deaftoday.com"/> On Easter Sunday 1913, {{Convert|9.55|in}} of rain fell, [[Great Flood of 1913|causing floods]] that killed five people and destroyed the Ohio and Erie Canal system. From 1916 to 1920, 10,000 schoolgirls took part in the successful Akron Experiment, testing [[iodized salt]] to prevent [[goiter]] in what was known as the "Goiter Belt".<ref>[http://www.ohio.com/lifestyle/history/40932322.html]{{Dead link|date=September 2012}}</ref>

In 1914, [[Marcus Garvey]] founded the [[Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League|Universal Negro Improvement Association]] in Kingston, Jamaica; its Akron branch opened in 1921.<ref name="Akron: Akron's Black History Timeline: 1900-1919: The New Century" /><ref>{{cite book|last1=Giffin|first1=William|title=African Americans and the Color Line in Ohio, 1915–1930|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z2MCDFaRcD0C&q=United+Negro+Improvement+Association+%28UNIA%29+was+founded+in+Akron&pg=PA210 |publisher=Thompson Shore, Inc.|isbn=9780814210031|year=2005|page = 210|via = Google Books}}</ref>

Rubber companies responded to housing crunches by building affordable housing for workers. Goodyear's president, [[Frank Seiberling|Frank A. Seiberling]], built the [[Akron neighborhoods|Goodyear Heights]] neighborhood for employees. Likewise, [[Harvey S. Firestone]] built the [[Akron neighborhoods|Firestone Park]] neighborhood for his employees.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ci.akron.oh.us/planning/cp/neighborhoods/FirestonePark.pdf |title=Firestone Park |access-date=September 9, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120220033031/http://ci.akron.oh.us/planning/cp/neighborhoods/FirestonePark.pdf |archive-date=February 20, 2012 }}</ref> During the 1910–1920 decade, Akron became a [[boomtown]], being America's fastest growing city with a 201.8% increase in population. Of the 208,000 citizens, almost one-third were [[immigrants]] (also [[Clark Gable]])<ref name="Clark Gable - Ohio History Central - A product of the Ohio Historical Society"/> and their children from places including Europe and West Virginia. In 1929 and 1931, Goodyear's subsidiary [[Luftschiffbau Zeppelin|Goodyear-Zeppelin Company]] manufactured two airships for the United States Navy, [[USS Akron|USS ''Akron'' (ZRS-4)]] and [[USS Macon (ZRS-5)|USS ''Macon'' (ZRS-5)]]. Goodyear built a number of [[blimps]] for the Navy during WWII and later for advertising purposes.<ref name="blimp"/><ref name="Guide to military installations"/><ref>{{cite web|last = [[Akron-Summit County Public Library]]|website=  Summit Memory|title = Goodyear-Zeppelin Corporation, Facts About the World's Largest Airship Factory & Dock|url = http://www.summitmemory.org/cdm4/document.php?CISOROOT=/fulton&CISOPTR=97&CISOSHOW=93|access-date = November 15, 2008|url-status = live|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090418022205/http://www.summitmemory.org/cdm4/document.php?CISOROOT=%2Ffulton&CISOPTR=97&CISOSHOW=93|archive-date = April 18, 2009|df = mdy-all}}</ref>

Akron again grew when [[Kenmore, Akron, Ohio|Kenmore]] was annexed by voter approval on November 6, 1928. Found hiding under a bed at one of his hideouts in the city, notorious bank robber Charles Arthur "[[Pretty Boy Floyd|Pretty Boy]]" Floyd was arrested under the name "Frank Mitchell" in March 1930.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://ngeorgia.com/ang/Charles_Arthur_%27Pretty_Boy%27_Floyd |title=Charles Arthur 'Pretty Boy' Floyd |publisher=Ngeorgia.com |access-date=September 9, 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120513045345/http://ngeorgia.com/ang/Charles_Arthur_'Pretty_Boy'_Floyd |archive-date=May 13, 2012  }}</ref> Goodyear became America's top tire manufacturer after merging with the [[Kelly-Springfield Tire Company]] in 1935.<ref name="Claims to Fame - Products" /> Lasting five weeks and consisting of roughly 5,000 strikers including union sympathizers from other factories and neighboring states, the [[Akron Rubber Strike of 1936]] successfully used the [[Sitdown strike|"sit-down" tactic]] to force recognition of the [[United Rubber Workers]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/entry.php?rec=461 |title=Akron Rubber Strike of 1936 – Ohio History Central – A product of the Ohio Historical Society |publisher=Ohio History Central |date=July 1, 2005 |access-date=September 9, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120730091514/http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/entry.php?rec=461 |archive-date=July 30, 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref> During the 1950s–60s Akron surged as use of the automobile did. The historic [[Rubber Bowl]] was used by the [[National Guard of the United States]] as a base during the racial [[Crime in Akron, Ohio|Wooster Avenue Riots of 1968]]. Like many other industries of the [[Rust Belt]], both the tire and rubber industries experienced major decline. By the early 1990s, Goodyear was the last major tire manufacturer based in Akron.

===2000s: City of Invention===
[[File:Goodyear Polymer Center at Sunset.jpg|thumb|Goodyear Polymer Center, [[University of Akron]]]]
Despite the number of rubber workers decreasing by roughly half from 2000 to 2007, Akron's research in [[polymers]] gained an international reputation.<ref name="Akron, Ohio"/> It now centers on the Polymer Valley which consists of 400 polymer-related companies, of which 94 were located in the city itself.<ref name="newsweek.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.newsweek.com/2001/04/29/a-new-brand-of-tech-cities.html|title=A New Brand Of Tech Cities – Newsweek and The Daily Beast|date=April 29, 2001|publisher=Newsweek.com|access-date=September 9, 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101126150813/http://www.newsweek.com/2001/04/29/a-new-brand-of-tech-cities.html|archive-date=November 26, 2010}}</ref> Research is focused at the [[University of Akron]], which is home to the [[Goodyear Polymer Center]] and the National Polymer Innovation Center, and the College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering. Because of its contributions to the [[Information Age]], ''[[Newsweek]]'' listed Akron fifth of ten [[high tech|high-tech]] havens in 2001.<ref name="newsweek.com"/> In 2008 "City of Invention" was added to the seal when the [[All-America City Award]] was received for the third time. Some events of the [[Gay Games|2014 Gay Games]] used the city as a venue. In 2013, the Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company opened its new global headquarters on Innovation Way, further cementing the company's relationship with the city.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mackinnon |first=Jim |date=May 8, 2013 |title=Goodyear's new headquarters reflects a new company |url=https://www.ohio.com/akron/business/goodyear-s-new-headquarters-reflects-a-new-company |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171115083012/https://www.ohio.com/akron/business/goodyear-s-new-headquarters-reflects-a-new-company |archive-date=November 15, 2017 |website=[[Akron Beacon Journal]] Ohio.com}}</ref> [[Bridgestone]] built a new technical center with state-of-the-art R&D labs, and moved its product development operations to the new facility in early 2012.<ref name="Mobile Edition"/><ref name="Bridgestone Americas, Inc"/>

The city also continues to deal with the effects of air and [[soil pollution]] from its industrial past. In the southwestern part of the city, soil was contaminated and noxious [[Polychlorinated biphenyl|PCB]]-laden fumes were put into the air by an electrical transformer deconstruction operation that existed from the 1930s to the 1960s. Cleanup of the site, designated as a [[Superfund]] site by the [[Environmental Protection Agency]], began in 1987 and concluded in 2000. The area remains restricted with regular reviews of the site and its underground aquifer.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Downing|first1=Bob|title=EPA begins new review of Superfund cleanup at Akron's Summit Equipment|url=http://www.ohio.com/news/local/epa-begins-new-review-of-superfund-cleanup-at-akron-s-summit-equipment-1.356906|agency=Beacon Journal|publisher=Ohio.com|date=December 10, 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160102221215/http://www.ohio.com/news/local/epa-begins-new-review-of-superfund-cleanup-at-akron-s-summit-equipment-1.356906|archive-date=January 2, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Harper|first1=John|title=When PCBs, heavy metal spewed from smokestacks in southwest Akron: Toxic Remains|url=http://www.cleveland.com/akron/index.ssf/2015/12/when_pcbs_and_heavy_metal_spew.html|access-date=December 31, 2015|publisher=Cleveland.com|date=December 28, 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151231042745/http://www.cleveland.com/akron/index.ssf/2015/12/when_pcbs_and_heavy_metal_spew.html|archive-date=December 31, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=SUMMIT EQUIPMENT & SUPPLIES INCORPORATION|url=http://www3.epa.gov/region5/superfund/npl/sas_sites/OHD055523401.html|website=epa.gov|publisher=U.S. Environmental Protection Agency|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160102221216/http://www3.epa.gov/region5/superfund/npl/sas_sites/OHD055523401.html|archive-date=January 2, 2016}}</ref>

===Racial history===
{{See also|City of Akron v. Akron Center for Reproductive Health}}
City founder [[Simon Perkins]] negotiated a treaty with [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|Native Americans]] to establish a mail route from the [[Connecticut Western Reserve]] to Detroit in 1807, an early example of historic humanitarian affairs in Akron. Aside from being part of the [[Underground Railroad]], when active, [[John Brown (abolitionist)|John Brown]] was a resident, today having two landmarks (the John Brown House and the John Brown Monument) dedicated to him. During the 1851 Women's Rights Convention, [[Sojourner Truth]] delivered her speech entitled "[[Ain't I A Woman?]]". In 1905, a statue of an Indian named Unk was erected on Portage Path, which was part of the effective western boundary of the [[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census|White]] and [[Indigenous people of the Americas|Native American]] lands from 1785 to 1805.<ref name="ASCPL Digital Exhibit"/> The [[Summit County, Ohio|Summit County]] chapter of the [[Ku Klux Klan]] reported having 50,000 members, making it the largest local chapter in the country during the 20th century. At some point the sheriff, county officials, mayor of Akron, judges, county commissioners, and most members of Akron's school board were members. The Klan's influence in the city's politics eventually ended after [[Wendell Willkie]] arrived and challenged them.<ref name="Ku Klux Klan - Ohio History Central - A product of the Ohio Historical Society"/> Race played a part in two of Akron's major riots, the Riot of 1900 and the Wooster Ave. Riots of 1968. Others giving speeches on race in the city include [[W.&nbsp;E.&nbsp;B. Du Bois]] (1920)<ref name="Akron: Akron's Black History Timeline: 1900-1919: The New Century"/> and President [[Bill Clinton]] (1997).<ref name="Akron Ohio Historical Timeline 1950 - 1999"/> In 1971, [[Alpha Phi Alpha|Alpha Phi Alpha Homes Inc.]] was founded in Akron by the Eta Tau Lambda chapter, with [[James R. Williams (lawyer)|James R. Williams]] as chairman. The centerpiece, [[Henry Arthur Callis|Henry Arthur Callis Tower]], is located in the Channelwood Village area of the city. In 2008, 91-year-old Akron native, Addie Polk, became the [[poster child]] of the [[Great Recession]], after shooting herself.<ref name="Ohio foreclosure prompts suicide attempt"/> In 2022, Akron resident [[Jayland Walker]] was killed by police after shooting at them while fleeing, sparking days of protest and the institution of a police review board.

==Geography==
Akron is located in the [[Great Lakes region (North America)|Great Lakes region]] about {{convert|39|mi|km}} south of [[Lake Erie]], on the [[Glaciated Allegheny Plateau]]. It is bordered by [[Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio|Cuyahoga Falls]] on the north and [[Barberton, Ohio|Barberton]] in the southwest. It is the center of the [[Akron metropolitan area]] which covers Summit and Portage Counties, and a principal city of the larger [[Northeast Ohio#Combined Statistical Area|Cleveland–Akron–Canton Combined Statistical Area]]. Located on the western end of the plateau, the topography of Akron includes rolling hills and varied terrain. The [[Ohio and Erie Canal]] passes through the city, separating the east from west. Akron has the only [[biogas]] facility<ref name="Hungry Bacteria Begins Saving Akron Money"/> in the United States that produces [[methane]] through the decomposition process of sludge to create electricity.<ref name="Akron leads the way"/>
According to the 2010 census, the city has a total area of {{convert|62.37|sqmi}}, of which {{convert|62.03|sqmi}} (or 99.45%) is land and {{convert|0.34|sqmi}} (or 0.55%) is water.<ref>{{cite web
 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/2010_place_list_39.txt
 |title=2010 Census U.S. Gazetteer Files for Places – Ohio
 |publisher=United States Census
 |access-date=October 19, 2012 |url-status=dead
 |archive-url=https://timetravel.mementoweb.org/memento/2010/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/2010_place_list_39.txt
 |archive-date=May 4, 2017 
}}</ref>

===Climate===
Akron has a [[humid continental climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Dfa''), typical of the [[Midwestern United States|Midwest]], with four distinct seasons, and lies in USDA [[hardiness zone]] 6b, degrading to zone 6a in the outlying suburbs.<ref>{{cite web |title=USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map |author=United States Department of Agriculture |publisher=[[United States National Arboretum]] |url=http://www.usna.usda.gov/Hardzone/hzm-ne1.html |access-date=February 19, 2015 |author-link=United States Department of Agriculture |url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150303152208/http://www.usna.usda.gov/Hardzone/hzm-ne1.html |archive-date=March 3, 2015  }}</ref> Winters are cold and dry but typically bring a mix of rain, sleet, and snow with occasional heavy snowfall and icing. January is the coldest month with an average mean temperature of {{convert|27.9|F|1}},<ref name = NOAA /> with temperatures on average dropping to or below {{convert|0|F|0}} on 3.3&nbsp;days and staying at or below freezing on 40&nbsp;days per year.<ref name = NOAA /> Snowfall averages {{convert|47.2|in|cm}} per season, significantly less than the [[snowbelt]] areas closer to [[Lake Erie]].<ref name = NOAA /> The snowiest month on record was {{convert|37.5|in|cm}} in January 1978, while winter snowfall amounts have ranged from {{convert|82.0|in|cm|abbr=on}} in 1977–78 to {{convert|18.2|in|cm|abbr=on}} in 1949–50.<ref name = NOAA /> Springs generally see a transition to fewer weather systems that produce heavier rainfall. Summers are typically very warm and humid with temperatures at or above {{convert|90|F|0}} on 10.7&nbsp;days per year on average; the annual count has been as high as 36&nbsp;days in 1931, while the most recent year to not reach that mark is 2023.<ref name = NOAA /> July is the warmest month with an average mean temperature of {{convert|73.9|F|0}}.<ref name = NOAA /> Autumn is relatively dry with many clear warm days and cool nights.

The all-time record high temperature in Akron of {{convert|104|F|0}} was established on August 6, 1918, and the all-time record low temperature of {{convert|−25|F|0}} was set on January 19, 1994.<ref name = NOAA /> The most precipitation to fall on one calendar day was on July 7, 1943, when 5.96" of rain was measured.<ref name="NOAA" /> The first and last freezes of the season on average fall on October 21 and April 26, respectively, allowing a growing season of 174&nbsp;days.<ref name = NOAA /> The normal annual mean temperature is {{convert|51.7|F|1}}.<ref name = NOAA /> Normal yearly [[precipitation (meteorology)|precipitation]] based on the 30-year average from 1991 to 2020 is {{convert|41.57|in|mm}}, falling on an average 160&nbsp;days.<ref name = NOAA /> Monthly precipitation has ranged from {{convert|12.55|in|mm|abbr=on}} in July 2003 to {{convert|0.20|in|mm|abbr=on}} in September 1960, while for annual precipitation the historical range is {{convert|65.70|in|mm|abbr=on}} in 1990 to {{convert|23.79|in|mm|abbr=on}} in 1963.<ref name = NOAA />

{{Weather box
|location = Akron, Ohio ([[Akron–Canton Airport]]), 1991–2020 normals,{{efn|Mean monthly maxima and minima (i.e. the expected highest and lowest temperature readings at any point during the year or given month) calculated based on data at said location from 1991 to 2020.}} extremes 1887–present
|single line = Y
|Jan record high F = 73
|Feb record high F = 76
|Mar record high F = 83
|Apr record high F = 89
|May record high F = 94
|Jun record high F = 100
|Jul record high F = 102
|Aug record high F = 104
|Sep record high F = 99
|Oct record high F = 91
|Nov record high F = 80
|Dec record high F = 76
|year record high F = 104
|Jan avg record high F = 58.2
|Feb avg record high F = 60.0
|Mar avg record high F = 70.7
|Apr avg record high F = 79.8
|May avg record high F = 85.8
|Jun avg record high F = 90.5
|Jul avg record high F = 91.6
|Aug avg record high F = 90.4
|Sep avg record high F = 87.7
|Oct avg record high F = 79.1
|Nov avg record high F = 68.1
|Dec avg record high F = 59.4
|year avg record high F = 92.7
|Jan high F = 35.5
|Feb high F = 38.6
|Mar high F = 48.4
|Apr high F = 61.8
|May high F = 72.3
|Jun high F = 80.4
|Jul high F = 84.3
|Aug high F = 82.7
|Sep high F = 75.9
|Oct high F = 63.4
|Nov high F = 50.7
|Dec high F = 39.9
|year high F = 61.2
|Jan mean F = 27.9
|Feb mean F = 30.2
|Mar mean F = 38.9
|Apr mean F = 50.8
|May mean F = 61.3
|Jun mean F = 69.9
|Jul mean F = 73.9
|Aug mean F = 72.3
|Sep mean F = 65.4
|Oct mean F = 53.7
|Nov mean F = 42.5
|Dec mean F = 33.0
|year mean F = 51.7
|Jan low F = 20.3
|Feb low F = 21.9
|Mar low F = 29.4
|Apr low F = 39.8
|May low F = 50.4
|Jun low F = 59.4
|Jul low F = 63.4
|Aug low F = 61.9
|Sep low F = 54.9
|Oct low F = 44.0
|Nov low F = 34.2
|Dec low F = 26.1
|year low F = 42.1
|Jan avg record low F = −1.1
|Feb avg record low F = 3.0
|Mar avg record low F = 10.9
|Apr avg record low F = 24.2
|May avg record low F = 35.4
|Jun avg record low F = 44.4
|Jul avg record low F = 52.1
|Aug avg record low F = 50.6
|Sep avg record low F = 40.9
|Oct avg record low F = 30.4
|Nov avg record low F = 18.7
|Dec avg record low F = 8.5
|year avg record low F = −3.4
|Jan record low F = −25
|Feb record low F = −20
|Mar record low F = −6
|Apr record low F = 10
|May record low F = 24
|Jun record low F = 32
|Jul record low F = 41
|Aug record low F = 39
|Sep record low F = 29
|Oct record low F = 20
|Nov record low F = −1
|Dec record low F = −16
|year record low F = -25
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation inch = 2.92
|Feb precipitation inch = 2.44
|Mar precipitation inch = 3.23
|Apr precipitation inch = 3.86
|May precipitation inch = 4.13
|Jun precipitation inch = 4.43
|Jul precipitation inch = 4.14
|Aug precipitation inch = 3.61
|Sep precipitation inch = 3.50
|Oct precipitation inch = 3.34
|Nov precipitation inch = 3.08
|Dec precipitation inch = 2.89
|year precipitation inch = 41.57
|snow colour = green
|Jan snow inch = 13.4
|Feb snow inch = 12.0
|Mar snow inch = 7.6
|Apr snow inch = 1.7
|May snow inch = 0.0
|Jun snow inch = 0.0
|Jul snow inch = 0.0
|Aug snow inch = 0.0
|Sep snow inch = 0.0
|Oct snow inch = 0.3
|Nov snow inch = 3.3
|Dec snow inch = 8.9
|year snow inch = 47.2
|unit precipitation days = 0.01 in
|Jan precipitation days = 17.8
|Feb precipitation days = 14.5
|Mar precipitation days = 14.2
|Apr precipitation days = 14.6
|May precipitation days = 14.1
|Jun precipitation days = 12.4
|Jul precipitation days = 11.8
|Aug precipitation days = 10.1
|Sep precipitation days = 9.9
|Oct precipitation days = 12.0
|Nov precipitation days = 12.5
|Dec precipitation days = 16.0
|year precipitation days = 159.9
|unit snow days = 0.1 in
|Jan snow days = 13.3
|Feb snow days = 10.0
|Mar snow days = 6.7
|Apr snow days = 2.0
|May snow days = 0.0
|Jun snow days = 0.0
|Jul snow days = 0.0
|Aug snow days = 0.0
|Sep snow days = 0.0
|Oct snow days = 0.4
|Nov snow days = 3.4
|Dec snow days = 9.5
|year snow days = 45.3
|Jan humidity = 73.4
|Feb humidity = 71.6
|Mar humidity = 67.8
|Apr humidity = 63.6
|May humidity = 65.9
|Jun humidity = 68.4
|Jul humidity = 70.2
|Aug humidity = 73.2
|Sep humidity = 73.9
|Oct humidity = 70.3
|Nov humidity = 72.2
|Dec humidity = 74.8
|humidity colour = green
|year humidity = 70.4
| Jan dew point C = -8.2
| Feb dew point C = -7.2
| Mar dew point C = -2.8
| Apr dew point C = 1.8
| May dew point C = 7.9
| Jun dew point C = 13.3
| Jul dew point C = 15.9
| Aug dew point C = 15.7
| Sep dew point C = 12.2
| Oct dew point C = 5.4
| Nov dew point C = 0.5
| Dec dew point C = -4.9
| year dew point =
|source 1 = NOAA (relative humidity and dew point 1961-1990)<ref name="NOAA2">{{cite web |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&startDate=0001-01-01&endDate=9996-12-31&stations=USW00014895&format=pdf |publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |title=Station: Akron Canton RGNL AP, OH |work=U.S. Climate Normals 2020: U.S. Monthly Climate Normals (1991-2020) |access-date=May 9, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
| url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/normals/WMO/1961-1990/TABLES/REG_IV/US/GROUP3/72521.TXT
| title = Akron Climate Normals 1961-1990
| publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]]
| access-date = August 20, 2023
}}</ref>
}}

===Neighborhoods===
{{Main|Neighborhoods in Akron, Ohio}}
Akron consists of 21 neighborhoods, with an additional three that are unincorporated but recognized within the city. The neighborhoods of the city differ in design largely because of expansions such as town merging, annexation, housing construction in various time periods, and rubber era.

Maple Valley covers the west end of Copley Road, before reaching I-77. Along this strip are several businesses using the name, as well as the Maple Valley Branch of the [[Akron-Summit County Public Library]]. Spicertown falls under the blanket of University Park, this term is used frequently to describe the student-centered retail and residential area around East Exchange and Spicer streets, near the University of Akron. West Hill is roughly bounded by West Market Street on the north, West Exchange Street on the south, Downtown on the East, and Rhodes Avenue on the west. It features many stately older homes, particularly in the recently recognized Oakdale Historic District.

===Suburbs===
Akron's suburbs include [[Barberton, Ohio|Barberton]], [[Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio|Cuyahoga Falls]], [[Fairlawn, Ohio|Fairlawn]], [[Green, Ohio|Green]], [[Hudson, Ohio|Hudson]], [[Mogadore, Ohio|Mogadore]], [[Montrose-Ghent, Ohio|Montrose-Ghent]], [[Munroe Falls, Ohio|Munroe Falls]], [[Norton, Ohio|Norton]], [[Silver Lake, Ohio|Silver Lake]], [[Stow, Ohio|Stow]], and [[Tallmadge, Ohio|Tallmadge]]. Akron formed [[Joint Economic Development District]]s with [[Springfield Township, Summit County, Ohio|Springfield]], [[Coventry Township, Ohio|Coventry]], [[Copley Township, Ohio|Copley]], and [[Bath Township, Summit County, Ohio|Bath]] (in conjunction with Fairlawn) townships.<ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=http://www.ci.akron.oh.us/news_releases/2005/0325.html |title=Akron: News Releases 2005: Mayor Brings $2 Million to Weekly News Conference |publisher=Ci.akron.oh.us |date=March 25, 2005 |access-date=January 19, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050904073936/http://www.ci.akron.oh.us/News_Releases/2005/0325.html |archive-date=September 4, 2005 }}</ref>

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1840= 1664
|1850= 3266
|1860= 3477
|1870= 10006
|1880= 16512
|1890= 27601
|1900= 42728
|1910= 69067
|1920= 208435
|1930= 255040
|1940= 244791
|1950= 274605
|1960= 290351
|1970= 275425
|1980= 237177
|1990= 223019
|2000= 217074
|2010= 199110
|2020= 190469
|estyear= 2024
|estimate= 189664
|estref= <ref name="USCensusQuickFacts"/>
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|author=United States Census Bureau|access-date=December 2, 2014|author-link=United States Census Bureau}}</ref> [[2020 United States census|2020 census]]<ref name="USCensusQuickFacts"/>
}}

According to census data from 2010 to 2014, the median income for a household in the city was $34,139. The per capita income for the city was $17,596. About 26.7% of persons were in poverty.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/table/PST045215/3901000|title=Population estimates, July 1, 2015, (V2015)|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160411162339/http://www.census.gov/quickfacts/table/PST045215/3901000|archive-date=April 11, 2016}}</ref>

The population of the [[Akron metropolitan area]] was 702,219 in 2020. Akron is also part of the larger [[Northeast Ohio|Cleveland-Akron-Canton combined statistical area]], which was the 15th largest in the country with a population of over 3.5 million residents. Akron experienced a significant collapse in population having lost over one third (34.6%) of its population between 1960 and 2020.

Although Akron is in northern Ohio, where the [[Inland North]] dialect is expected, its settlement history puts it in the North Midland dialect area.<ref name="Language Log: Wut? Wen? Wich?"/> Some localisms that have developed include ''[[Tree lawn|devilstrip]]'', which refers to the grass strip between a sidewalk and street.<ref name="DARE">{{cite book | url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofamer0000unse_a4m8/page/38 | title=Dictionary of American Regional English | author=Hall, Joan Houston | year=2003 | isbn=978-0674008847 | page=[https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofamer0000unse_a4m8/page/38 38] | quote="It may be called the devil's strip in Akron..." }}</ref>

===2020 census===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+'''Akron, Ohio – Racial and ethnic composition'''<br><small>{{nobold|''Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.''}}</small>
!Race / Ethnicity <small>(''NH = Non-Hispanic'')</small>
!Pop 2000<ref name=2000CensusP004>{{Cite web|title=P004 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – Akron city, Ohio |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=p004&g=160XX00US3901000&tid=DECENNIALSF12000.P004|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
!Pop 2010<ref name=2010CensusP2>{{Cite web|title=P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Akron city, Ohio |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=p2&g=160XX00US3901000&tid=DECENNIALPL2010.P2|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
!{{partial|Pop 2020}}<ref name=2020CensusP2>{{Cite web|title=P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Akron city, Ohio|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=160XX00US3901000&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
!% 2000
!% 2010
!{{partial|% 2020}}
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino whites|White]] alone (NH)
|144,719
|121,946
|style='background: #ffffe6; |102,825
|66.67%
|61.25%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |53.99%
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans|Black or African American]] alone (NH)
|61,510
|62,095
|style='background: #ffffe6; |59,286
|28.34%
|31.19%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |31.13%
|-
|[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]] alone (NH)
|526
|425
|style='background: #ffffe6; |356
|0.24%
|0.21%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.19%
|-
|[[Asian Americans|Asian]] alone (NH)
|3,232
|4,201
|style='background: #ffffe6; |10,042
|1.49%
|2.11%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |5.27%
|-
|[[Pacific Islander Americans|Pacific Islander]] alone (NH)
|40
|49
|style='background: #ffffe6; |73
|0.02%
|0.02%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.04%
|-
|[[Race and ethnicity in the United States census|Some Other Race]] alone (NH)
|365
|448
|style='background: #ffffe6; |1,017
|0.17%
|0.23%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.53%
|-
|[[Multiracial Americans|Mixed Race or Multi-Racial]] (NH)
|4,169
|5,691
|style='background: #ffffe6; |10,674
|1.92%
|2.86%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |5.60%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] (any race)
|2,513
|4,255
|style='background: #ffffe6; |6,196
|1.16%
|2.14%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |3.25%
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''217,074'''
|'''199,110'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''190,469'''
|'''100.00%'''
|'''100.00%'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''100.00%'''
|}

As of the census of 2020, there were 190,469 people living in the city, for a population density of 3,075.40 people per square mile (1,187.42/km<sup>2</sup>). There were 92,517 housing units. The racial makeup of the city (including Hispanics in the racial counts) was 54.7% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 31.4% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.3% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 5.3% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.0% [[Race (United States Census)|Pacific Islander]], 1.6% from [[Race (United States Census)|some other race]], and 6.6% from two or more races. Separately, 3.3% of the population were [[Race (United States Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Race (United States Census)|Latino]] of any race.<ref name="2020 census">{{cite web |title=Akron city, Ohio - Census Bureau Profile |url=https://data.census.gov/profile/Akron_city,_Ohio?g=160XX00US3901000 |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=9 January 2024}}</ref>

There were 85,395 households, out of which 28.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 27.3% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 23.8% had a male householder with no spouse present, and 39.8% had a female householder with no spouse present. 38.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.0% were someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.16, and the average family size was 2.86.<ref name="2020 census"/>

22.1% of the city's population were under the age of 18, 61.6% were 18 to 64, and 16.3% were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36.5. For every 100 females, there were 93.8 males.<ref name="2020 census"/>

According to the U.S. Census [[American Community Survey]], for the period 2016-2020 the estimated median annual income for a household in the city was $45,534, and the median income for a family was $52,976. About 24.4% of the population were living below the [[poverty line]], including 35.0% of those under age 18 and 12.9% of those age 65 or over. About 57.1% of the population were employed, and 24.8% had a bachelor's degree or higher.<ref name="2020 census"/>

===2010 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=January 6, 2013}}</ref> of 2010, there were 199,110 people, 83,712 households, and 47,084 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was {{convert|3209.9|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 96,288 housing units at an average density of {{convert|1552.3|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 62.2% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 31.5% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.2% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 2.1% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.8% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 3.2% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 2.1% of the population. [[Non-Hispanic Whites]] were 61.2% of the population,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/39/3901000.html |title=Akron (city), Ohio |work=State & County QuickFacts |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131212014913/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/39/3901000.html |archive-date=December 12, 2013  }}</ref> down from 81.0% in 1970.<ref>{{cite web|title=Race and Hispanic Origin for Selected Cities and Other Places: Earliest Census to 1990 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120812191959/http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html |archive-date=August 12, 2012 }}</ref>

There were 83,712 households, of which 28.8% had children under age 18 living with them, 31.3% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 19.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 43.8% were non-families. 34.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.31 and the average family size was 2.98.

The median age in the city was 35.7 years. 22.9% of residents were under age 18; 12.4% were between 18 and 24; 25.9% were from 25 to 44; 25.9% were from 45 to 64; and 12.6% were 65 or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.3% male and 51.7% female.

===Crime===
{{Main|Crime history of Akron, Ohio}}
[[File:Backside of the Summit County Courthouse.jpg|thumb|right|Summit County Courthouse and [[Akron Police Department|APD]] vehicles. The modern police car originated in Akron in 1899.<ref name="Police Technology"/>]]
In 1999, Akron ranked as the 94th-most-dangerous city (and the 229th safest) on the 7th [[Morgan Quitno]] list.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.morganquitno.com/cit01dang.htm |title=Morgan Quitno's 7th Annual Safest City Award in Dangerous Rank Order |publisher=Morganquitno.com |access-date=September 9, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120728001541/http://www.morganquitno.com/cit01dang.htm |archive-date=July 28, 2012 }}</ref> Preliminary Ohio crime statistics show aggravated assaults increased by 45% during 2007.<ref name="Preliminary Ohio Crime Statistics for 2007"/>

Historically, [[organized crime]] operated in the city with the presence of the ''[[Black Hand (extortion)|Black Hand]]'' led by [[Rosario Borgio]], once headquartered on the city's north side in the first decade of the 20th century{{Citation needed|date=January 2010}} and the ''Walker-Mitchell'' mob, of which [[Pretty Boy Floyd]] was a member.<ref>{{Cite book | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=6ADHZnyv9FIC&q=akron&pg=PA33 | title = The Life and Death of Pretty Boy Floyd | isbn = 978-0-87338-650-0 | last1 = King | first1 = Jeffery S | date = August 1, 1999| publisher = Kent State University Press }}</ref> Akron has experienced several riots in its history, including the [[Crime in Akron, Ohio|Riot of 1900]] and the [[Crime in Akron, Ohio|Wooster Avenue Riots of 1968]].

The distribution of [[methamphetamine]] ("meth") in Akron greatly contributed to [[Summit County, Ohio|Summit County]] becoming known as the "Meth Capital of Ohio" in the early 2000s.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ohio's Meth Problem Centered in Akron Area |url=https://thecrimereport.org/2005/08/10/ohios-meth-problem-centered-in-akron-area/ |website=thecrimereport.org |publisher=The Crime Report |access-date=September 3, 2021 |date=August 10, 2005}}</ref> The county ranked third in the nation in the number of registered meth sites.<ref name="Summit County has third most methamphetamine sites in U.S"/> During the 1990s, motorcycle gang the [[Hells Angels]] sold the drug from bars frequented by members.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.justice.gov/ndic/pubs/659/meth.htm |title=Methamphetamine – Ohio Drug Threat Assessment |publisher=Justice.gov |date=June 15, 2012 |access-date=September 9, 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111127124920/http://www.justice.gov/ndic///pubs/659/meth.htm |archive-date=November 27, 2011  }}</ref> Between January 2004 and August 2009, the city had significantly more registered sites than any other city in the state.<ref name="National Clandestine Laboratory Register - Ohio"/> Authorities believed a disruption of a major Mexican meth operation contributed to the increase of it being made locally.<ref name="raids"/> In 2007, the Akron Police Department (APD) received a grant to help continue its work with other agencies and jurisdictions to support them in ridding the city of meth labs.<ref name="City of Akron: News Releases 2008: STATE OF THE CITY PRESENTATION"/> The APD coordinates with the Summit County Drug Unit and the Drug Enforcement Administration, forming the Clandestine Methamphetamine Laboratory Response Team.<ref>[http://www.municipalleader.com/assets/attachments//meth_labs.pdf]{{Dead link|date=September 2012}}</ref>

==Economy==
[[File:Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company International Headquarters.jpg|thumb|[[Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company]] headquarters]]
Many industries in the United States either began or were influenced by the city. After beginning the [[tire]] and rubber industry during the 20th century with the founding of [[Goodrich Corporation|BFGoodrich]], [[Firestone Tire and Rubber Company|Firestone]], [[General Tire]], and also the [[Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company|Goodyear]] merger with [[The Kelly Springfield Tire Company|The Kelly-Springfield Tire Company]], Akron gained the status of "Rubber Capital of the World". Akron has won economic awards such as for City Livability and [[All-America City]], and deemed a [[high tech]] haven greatly contributing to the [[Information Age]].<ref name="Greater Akron Chamber"/> Current [[Fortune 500]] companies headquartered in the city include Goodyear and [[FirstEnergy Corp.|FirstEnergy]]. In addition, the city is the headquarters to a number of other notable companies such as [[GOJO]], Advanced Elastomer Systems, [[Babcock & Wilcox]], Myers Industries, [[Acme Fresh Market]], and [[Sterling Jewelers]]. Goodyear, America's biggest tire manufacturer and the fifth-largest private employer in Summit County,<ref name="Goodyear has tentative deal to stay in Akron"/> recently built a new world headquarters in the city. The project, Akron Riverwalk, will feature a large retail and commercial development area.{{citation needed|date=August 2020}} The project began in 2007, but was put on hold because of the [[Great Recession]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ohio.com/business/112051484.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101220035818/http://www.ohio.com/business/112051484.html |archive-date=December 20, 2010 |title=Goodyear's headquarters moving along}}</ref> [[Bridgestone]] built a new technical center with research and development labs, and moved its product development operations to the new facility in early 2012.<ref name="Mobile Edition"/><ref name="Bridgestone Americas, Inc"/> The Eastern Ohio [[Division (business)|Division]] of [[KeyBank]], which has six branches in the city, built a regional headquarters downtown.<ref>{{cite web|last=Lin |first=Betty |url=http://www.securityinfowatch.com/Financial/1311664?pageNum=3 |title=KeyBank breaks ground on Akron, Ohio office building &#124; |publisher=Securityinfowatch.com |date=May 26, 2009 |access-date=January 2, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716031622/http://www.securityinfowatch.com/Financial/1311664?pageNum=3 |archive-date=July 16, 2011 }}</ref> The city has a free [[WiFi]] corridor centered in downtown. Neighborhoods in range include Goodyear Heights, East Akron, North Hill, Firestone Park, Kenmore, and West Akron.<ref name="Connect Akron Wireless Network"/>

===Polymer Valley===
Northeast Ohio's Polymer Valley is centered in Akron. The area holds forty-five percent of the state's polymer industries, with the oldest dating to the 19th century. During the 1980s and 1990s, an influx of new polymer companies came to the region.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/entry.php?rec=1723 |title=Polymer Valley – Ohio History Central – A product of the Ohio Historical Society |publisher=Ohio History Central |date=July 1, 2005 |access-date=September 9, 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120927022648/http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/entry.php?rec=1723 |archive-date=September 27, 2012  }}</ref> In 2001, more than 400 companies manufactured polymer-based materials in the region.<ref name="A New Brand Of Tech Cities"/> Many [[University of Akron]] scientists became world-renowned for their research done at the [[Goodyear Polymer Center]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Bowles |first=Mark |author-link= |title=Chains of Opportunity: The University of Akron and the Emergence of the Polymer Age 1909-2007 |year=2008 |location= |publisher=University of Akron Press; Illustrated edition |page= |isbn=978-1931968539}}</ref> The first College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering was begun by the university. In 2010, the National Polymer Innovation Center opened on campus.

===Hospitals===
[[File:Summa Akron City Hospital.jpg|thumb|[[Summa Akron City Hospital]]]]
Akron has designated an area called the Biomedical Corridor, aimed at luring health-related ventures to the region. It encompasses {{convert|1240|acre|km2}} of private and publicly owned land, bounded by Akron General on the west and Akron City on the east, and also includes Akron Children's near the district's center with the former Saint Thomas Hospital to the north of its northern boundaries.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ohio.com/news/82520807.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110615141407/http://www.ohio.com/news/82520807.html |archive-date=June 15, 2011 |title=Akron's biomedical corridor taking shape}}</ref> Since its start in 2006, the corridor added the headquarters of companies such as Akron Polymer Systems.<ref name="Akron Ohio: Akron Ohio: Mayor's Office of Economic Development"/>

Akron's adult hospitals are owned by two health systems, [[Summa Health System]] and Akron General Health System. Summa Health System operates [[Summa Akron City Hospital]] and the former St. Thomas Hospital, which in 2008 were recognized for the 11th consecutive year as one of "America's Best Hospitals" by [[U.S. News & World Report]].<ref name="Summa Health System - Summa Celebrates 11th Consecutive Year on U.S. New"/><ref name="Summa Health System - Locations"/> Summa is recognized as having one of the best orthopaedics programs in the nation with a ranking of 28th.<ref name="Summa Health System - Hospital Rankings"/> Akron General Health in affiliation with the [[Cleveland Clinic]] operates Akron General Medical Center, which in 2009, was recognized as one of "America's Best Hospitals" by [[U.S. News & World Report]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.akrongeneral.org/portal/page?_pageid=153,166999&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL |title=Akron General Medical Center |publisher=Akron General |date=September 22, 2008 |access-date=April 3, 2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081013104552/http://www.akrongeneral.org/portal/page?_pageid=153,166999&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL |archive-date=October 13, 2008  }}</ref><ref name="Akron General earns honors"/> [[Akron Children's Hospital]] is an independent entity that specializes in pediatric care and burn care.<ref name="Akron Children's Hospital : Why Akron Children's?"/> In 1974, Howard Igel and Aaron Freeman successfully grew [[human skin]] in a lab to treat burn victims, making Akron Children's Hospital the first hospital in the world to achieve such a feat.<ref name="bio"/> Akron City and Akron General hospitals are designated [[Level I Trauma Center]]s.

===Top employers===
According to the city's 2020 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Comprehensive Annual Financial Report : City of Akron|url=https://www.akronohio.gov/cms/site/8b1d7191c3140a87/index.html|access-date=December 27, 2021|website=www.akronohio.gov}}</ref> the principal employers in the city are:

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! #
! Employer
! Employees
|-
|1
|[[Summa Health System]]
|8,609
|-
|2
|[[University of Akron]]
|5,933
|-
|3
|[[Akron Children's Hospital]]
|5,773
|-
|4
|[[FirstEnergy]]
|5,538
|-
|5
|[[Cleveland Clinic Akron General|Cleveland Clinic- Akron General]]
|4,779
|-
|6
|[[Akron Public Schools]]
|4,544
|-
|7
|[[Summit County, Ohio|Summit County]]
|3,323
|-
|8
|[[Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company|Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company]]
|2,954
|-
|9
|City of Akron
|2,406
|-
|10
|[[Signet Jewelers]]
|2,094
|}

==Arts and culture==
{{Main|Culture of Akron, Ohio}}
[[File:Stan Hywett Front.JPG|thumb|right|[[Stan Hywet Hall and Gardens]] entrance]]
Akron is home to [[E. J. Thomas Hall]], one of three Akron performance halls. Regular acts include the [[Akron Symphony Orchestra]], Tuesday Musical Club, and Children's Concert Society. World-class performances events include Broadway musicals, ballets, comedies, lectures, entertainers, attracting 400,000 visitors annually. The hall seats 2,955, divided among three tiers. To maintain top-notch acoustic sound, the counter-weighted ceiling is adjustable, altering the physical dimensions of the hall. Located downtown is the [[Akron Civic Theatre]], which opened in 1929 as the Loew's Theater. This atmospheric-style theater was designed by John Eberson and built by Marcus Loew. The theater contains many Moorish features including arches and decorative tiles. It features elaborate wood carvings, alabaster statuary, and European antiques. The theater seats 5,000. Behind it on the canal is the Lock 3 Park [[amphitheater]], which annually host the [[First Night]] in Akron. The [[Akron Art Museum]] also downtown, features art produced since 1850 along with national and international exhibitions.<ref name="Museum Collection: On View Now"/> It opened in 1922 as the Akron Art Institute, in the basement of the [[Akron Public Library]]. It moved to its current location at the renovated 1899 post office building in 1981. In 2007, the museum more than tripled in size with the addition of the John S. and James L. Knight Building, which received the 2005 American Architecture Award from the Chicago Athenaeum<ref name="Akron Art Museum"/> while still under construction.<ref name="Architecture"/><ref name="Museum History"/>

Built between 1912 and 1915 for [[Frank Seiberling|Frank A. Sieberling]], [[Stan Hywet Hall and Gardens]] is the seventh-largest [[Largest Historic Homes in the United States|historic house in the United States]].

Located within the Sand Run Metro Park, the {{convert|104|acre|km2}} F.A. Seiberling Nature Realm features a visitor center, hiking trails, three ponds, gardens, and an array of special programs throughout the year. The Akron Police Museum displays mementos including items from [[Pretty Boy Floyd]], whose gang frequented the city.<ref name="Arresting displays refreshed for public" /><ref name="The Life and Death of Pretty Boy Floyd" />

Akron is home to the American Marble and Toy Museum.<ref name="americantoymarbles1" />

===Architecture===
{{See also|Category:Buildings and structures in Akron, Ohio}}
[[File:Jablonski Sculpture.jpg|thumb|right|Jablonski Sculpture, a gift of the Zimmite Corporation in tribute to Nola M. Guzzetta's humanitarian interest in providing for the blind a vision of artistic and architectural design through touch<ref name="Nolan N. Guzzetta Miniature Sculpture, (sculpture)"/>]]
[[File:Quaker Oats factory, Akron.jpg|thumb|[[Quaker Square]], 1979]]
As a result of multiple towns merging, and industry boom, Akron's architecture is diverse.

Originally a canal town, the city is divided into two parts by the [[Ohio and Erie Canal]], with downtown being centered on it. Along the locks, the city has a path paved with rubber.

Akron was awarded with the [[World's most livable cities|City Livability Award]] in 2008 for its efforts to co-purpose new school buildings as community learning centers. In 2009, the [[National Arbor Day Foundation]] designated Akron as a [[Tree City USA]] for the 14th time.<ref name="Ci.akron.oh.us">{{cite press release|title=Akron Named Tree City USA by the Arbor Day Foundation|date=April 17, 2009|publisher=City of Akron|url=http://ci.akron.oh.us/News_Releases/2009/0417.htm|access-date=June 9, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927151804/http://ci.akron.oh.us/News_Releases/2009/0417.htm|archive-date=September 27, 2011}}</ref>

Many of the city's government and civic buildings, including City Hall and the [[Summit County Courthouse (Ohio)|Summit County Courthouse]] are from pre-World War Two, but the [[Akron-Summit County Public Library]], and [[John S. Knight Center]] are considerably newer. The library originally opened in 1969, but reopened as a greatly expanded facility in 2004. The Knight Center opened in 1994.

The First Methodist Episcopal Church first used the [[Akron Plan]] in 1872. The plan later gained popularity, being used in many [[Congregational church|Congregationalist]], [[Baptists|Baptist]], and [[Presbyterianism|Presbyterian]] church buildings.<ref name="nrhpinv_ny"/><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=eYNjS56yx-0C&pg=PA269 ''When Church Became Theatre: The Transformation of Evangelical Architecture and Worship in Nineteenth-Century America''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160102221215/https://books.google.com/books?id=eYNjS56yx-0C&pg=PA269&dq=John+Fletcher+Hurst+- |date=January 2, 2016 }}. Jeanne Halgren Kilde. [[Oxford University Press]], 2005. {{ISBN|0-19-517972-2}}. p.185</ref>

[[File:Akron Civic Theatre and Knight Stage.jpg|thumb|The facade of the [[Akron Civic Theatre]] and Knight Stage.]]
The city is home to a historic 1920s atmospheric [[movie palace]], the [[Akron Civic Theatre]]. One of the building's features is a starry sky with clouds that drift over it when the lights are dimmed.

Completed in 1931, Akron's tallest building, the [[Huntington Tower]], features the [[art deco]] style and is covered in [[glazed architectural terra-cotta]].<ref name="FirstMerit Restoration">FirstMerit Restoration, {{cite web|url=http://www.westerngroup.com/servicesAndProjects/structures/officeCommercial.jspx?fileName%3D1120493926173-106-04-01.jpg%26id%3D245 |title=FirstMerit Tower |access-date=September 6, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060311053532/http://www.westerngroup.com/servicesAndProjects/structures/officeCommercial.jspx?fileName=1120493926173-106-04-01.jpg&id=245 |archive-date=March 11, 2006 }}</ref> Standing {{convert|330|ft|m}} tall, it is built on top of the Hamilton Building, completed in 1900 in the [[neo-Gothic]] style.{{Citation needed|date=February 2011}} Near the turn of the millennium the tower was given a $2.5 million facelift, including a $1.8 million restoration of the tower's terra-cotta, brick, and limestone.<ref name="FirstMerit Restoration"/> The top of the building has a television broadcast tower formerly used by WAKR-TV (now [[WVPX-TV]]) and [[WAKR-AM]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Scraping the Sky|work=[[Beacon Journal]]|publisher=[[Knight-Ridder]]|page=Beacon Magazine 13|date=March 14, 1999}}</ref> The antenna reaches {{convert|134.7|m|ft}}.{{Citation needed|date=February 2011}} Located on the [[University of Akron]] campus, the [[Goodyear Polymer Center]] consists of glass twin towers connected by walkways. The university also formerly used the old [[Quaker Oats]] factory as a dormitory, including using it as a quarantine center during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. For many years it had been a shopping center called [[Quaker Square]]. There had also been a hotel there.

The [[Akron Art Museum]] commissioned [[Coop Himmelblau]] to design an expansion in 2007. The new building connects to the old building and is divided into three parts known as the "Crystal",<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.akronartmuseum.org/photos/details.php?catid=40&unid=511 |title=Akron Art Museum – Building the Akron Art Museum |publisher=Akronartmuseum.org |access-date=September 9, 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130120085430/http://akronartmuseum.org/photos/details.php?catid=40&unid=511 |archive-date=January 20, 2013  }}</ref> the "Gallery Box",<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.akronartmuseum.org/photos/details.php?catid=40&unid=502 |title=Akron Art Museum – Building the Akron Art Museum |publisher=Akronartmuseum.org |access-date=September 9, 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130120085436/http://akronartmuseum.org/photos/details.php?catid=40&unid=502 |archive-date=January 20, 2013  }}</ref> and the "Roof Cloud".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.akronartmuseum.org/photos/details.php?catid=40&unid=526 |title=Akron Art Museum – Building the Akron Art Museum |publisher=Akronartmuseum.org |access-date=September 9, 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130120085423/http://akronartmuseum.org/photos/details.php?catid=40&unid=526 |archive-date=January 20, 2013  }}</ref>

The contrasting neighborhoods of Goodyear Heights and Firestone Park were built during the rubber industry to house workers and their families. Both are communities filled with houses based on mail-order plans.

===Tourism===
{{See also|National Register of Historic Places listings in Akron, Ohio}}
[[File:Akron Art Museum May 2024.jpg|thumb|[[Akron Art Museum]]]]
There are numerous attractions and points of interest in the Akron area. Opened in 1922, the [[Akron Art Museum]] has a 20,000-square-foot building and a collection of art produced since 1850. [[Stan Hywet Hall and Gardens]] is the estate of F.A. Seiberling, founder of [[Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company]]. The manor hosts various attractions and public events throughout the year. In the heart of downtown, the Akron Civic Theatre has provided the community with a venue for entertainment and live performances for over eighty years. [[Lock 3, Erie Canal|Lock 3]], a historic [[Ohio and Erie Canal]]way landmark, has been transformed into an entertainment amphitheater that hosts festivals, concerts, and community events throughout the year. The [[Akron Zoo]] is located just outside downtown, and was an initial gift of property from the city's founding family. In Highland Square, Akron hosts a convergence of art, music, and community annually called Art in the Square, a festival featuring local artists and musicians.<ref name="Lock 3 Akron, Ohio Concerts"/>

National events hosted annually in Akron cover a wide variety of hobbies and interests. The PGA World Golf Championships travel to Akron each year for the [[Bridgestone Invitational]] at [[Firestone Country Club]]. [[All-American Soap Box Derby|The All-American Soap Box Derby]] is a youth racing program which has its World Championship finals at Derby Downs. In mid July, the [[Hamburger|National Hamburger Festival]] consists of different vendors serving original recipe [[hamburgers]] and has a Miss Hamburger contest.<ref name="Hamburger festivals, special events have participants flipping"/> Lock 3 Park annually hosts the [[First Night]] Akron celebration on New Year's Eve.<ref name="First Night Akron"/> The park also annually hosts the Italian Festival and the "Rib, White & Blue" food festival in July.<ref name="Lock 3 Akron, Ohio Concerts"/> [[Alcoholics Anonymous|Founders Day]] is celebrated annually because of the founding of [[Alcoholics Anonymous]] within the city. The [[Dr. Robert Smith House]] is located in Akron.<ref name="This Founders' Day marks A.A. milestones"/><ref name="Akron, Ohio - Birthplace of Alcoholics Anonymous"/>

===Cuisine===
{{See also|History of Quaker Oats}}
Several residents of Akron have played a role in defining American cuisine. [[Ferdinand Schumacher]] created the first American [[oatmeal]] and is a pioneer of [[breakfast cereal]].<ref name="F. Schumacher Milling Company"/> He also founded the Empire Barley Mill and [[German Mills American Oatmeal Company]],<ref name="The Ohio Academy of Science"/> which would later merge several times with other companies, with the result being the [[Quaker Oats Company]].<ref name="Ferdinand Schumacher - Ohio History Central - A product of the Ohio Historical Society2"/> The Menches Brothers, are the disputed inventors of the [[waffle]] [[ice cream cone]],<ref name="Ohio Curiosities: Quirky Characters ... - Google Books"/> [[caramel corn]],<ref name="Ohio Curiosities: Quirky Characters ... - Google Books"/> and [[hamburger]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ci.akron.oh.us/news_releases/2006/0407b.htm |title=City of Akron: News Releases 2006: America's 1st National Hamburger Festival |publisher=Ci.akron.oh.us |date=April 7, 2006 |access-date=January 21, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20070808002209/http://www.ci.akron.oh.us/News_Releases/2006/0407b.htm |archive-date=August 8, 2007 }}</ref> [[Strickland's Frozen Custard]] is located in Akron.

==Sports==
===Professional===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Team !! Sport !! League !! Venue (capacity) !! Attendance
|-
| [[Akron RubberDucks]] || [[Baseball]] || [[Eastern League (1938–present)|Eastern League]] ([[Double-A (baseball)|AA]]) || [[Canal Park (Akron, Ohio)|Canal Park]] (7,630) || align=center | 5,074
|-
| Akron Aviators || [[Basketball]] || [[American Basketball Association (2000–present)|American Basketball Association]] || Innes Community Learning Center || align=center |
|-
| [[Akron City FC]] || [[Soccer]] || [[National Premier Soccer League]] (Rust Belt Conference) || [[St. Vincent–St. Mary High School|Green Street Stadium]] (3,000) || align=center | 625
|}

===College===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Team !! Sport !! League !! Venue (capacity) !! Attendance
|-
| [[Akron Zips football]] || [[American football]] || [[Mid-American Conference]] ([[NCAA]]) || [[InfoCision Stadium – Summa Field|InfoCision Stadium]] (30,000) || align=center | 18,098
|-
| [[Akron Zips men's basketball]] || [[Basketball]] || Mid-American Conference (NCAA) || [[James A. Rhodes Arena]] (5,500) || align=center | 3,351
|-
| [[Akron Zips men's soccer]] || [[Soccer]] || Big East
(NCAA)
| [[FirstEnergy Stadium–Cub Cadet Field|FirstEnergy Stadium]] (4,000) || align=center | 2,186
|-
|}

===Overview===
[[File:Sunset at Canal Park.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Canal Park (Akron, Ohio)|Canal Park]], home to the [[Akron RubberDucks]] baseball team.]]
'''Current'''

The RubberDucks – formerly called the Akron Aeros – moved to Akron from Canton in 1997, and have won the [[Eastern League (1938–2020)|Eastern League]] Championship six times, most recently in 2021.

The [[Akron Marathon]] is an annual marathon in the city which offers a team relay and shorter races throughout the summer and fall.<ref>{{cite web|author=Akron Marathon |url=https://www.akronmarathon.org/race-series/ |title=Akron Marathon Race Series }}</ref>

The [[All-American Soap Box Derby]] takes place each year at the [[Derby Downs]] since 1936. [[LeBron James]]' King for Kids bike-a-thon feature James riding with kids through the city each June.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nba.com/cavaliers/news/LBJ_Bikeathon_060605.html |title=Cavaliers: NBA Stars Join LeBron's King for Kids Bikeathon |publisher=NBA |access-date=May 4, 2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090103133057/http://www.nba.com/cavaliers/news/LBJ_Bikeathon_060605.html |archive-date=January 3, 2009  }}</ref> In November, the city hosts the annual Home Run for the Homeless 4-mile run.

[[File:InfoCision Stadium.jpg|thumb|200px|[[InfoCision Stadium – Summa Field|InfoCision Stadium]] on the [[University of Akron]] campus, home field of the [[Akron Zips football]] team.]]
The [[University of Akron]]'s [[Akron Zips]] compete in the [[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]] and the Mid-American Conference (MAC) in a variety of sports at the [[Division I (NCAA)|Division I]] level. The [[Akron Zips men's basketball|men's basketball team]] appeared in the NCAA Tournament in 1986, 2009, 2011, and 2013. In 2009, the [[Akron Zips men's soccer|Zips men's soccer team]] completed the regular-season undefeated, then won the [[NCAA Men's Division I Soccer Championship]] in 2010. [[Zippy (mascot)|Zippy]], one of the eight female NCAA mascots, won the National Mascot of the Year contest in 2007.

'''Past teams and events'''

Former teams of Akron include the [[Akron Professionals]] of the [[National Football League]] who played in the historic [[Rubber Bowl]] and won the 1920 championship; the [[Goodyear Silents]], a deaf semi-professional football; the [[Akron Black Tyrites]] of the [[Negro National League (1933-1948)|Negro National League]]; the [[Akron Americans]] of the [[International Hockey League (1945–2001)|International Hockey League]]; the [[Akron Lightning]] of the [[International Basketball League]]; the [[Akron Summit Assault]] of the [[USL Premier Development League]], the fourth tier of the [[American Soccer Pyramid]]; the [[Akron Wingfoots]] of the [[National Basketball League (United States)|National Basketball League]], who won the first [[National Basketball League (United States)|NBL Championship]] and the [[Intercontinental Cup (basketball)|International Cup]] three times; the [[Akron Firestone Non-Skids]], also of the [[National Basketball League (United States)|National Basketball League]], who won the title consecutively, in 1939 and 1940; and the Akron Vulcans, a professional football team that played in the [[Continental Football League]] for part of the 1967 season.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/w/Akron_Vulcans?rec=2232 |title=Akron Vulcans |access-date=June 20, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308011330/http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/w/Akron_Vulcans?rec=2232 |archive-date=March 8, 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref>

Akron had 2 teams who won the [[National Basketball League (United States)|National Basketball League]] in the '30s and '40s, before the foundation of the [[National Basketball Association|NBA]].

Akron hosted some of the events of the [[2014 Gay Games]] including the marathon, the men's and women's golf tournaments at [[Firestone Country Club]], and softball at [[Firestone Stadium]].<ref name="Cleveland-Akron win bid for 2014 Gay Games" />

The [[Firestone Country Club]], which annually hosted the [[WGC-Bridgestone Invitational]], has in the past hosted the [[PGA Championship]], [[American Golf Classic]], and [[Rubber City Open Invitational]]. On January 7, 1938, Akron became the birthplace of women's professional [[Mud Wrestling]], in a match including [[Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame|Professional Wrestling]], [[WWE Hall of Fame|WWE]], and [[Wrestling Observer Hall of Fame]]r, [[Mildred Burke]].<ref name="ohio.com">{{cite web| url=http://www.ohio.com/news/top_stories/112492234.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110101003320/http://www.ohio.com/news/top_stories/112492234.html |archive-date=January 1, 2011 |title=Mighty mud maidens}}</ref> The [[Professional Bowlers Association]] started in the city during 1958.

==Parks and recreation==
[[File:Ohio & Erie Canalway in downtown Akron, Ohio - 20200530.jpg|thumb|The [[Ohio and Erie Canal Towpath Trail]] passes through downtown Akron.]]

[[Summit Metro Parks]] is the [[metroparks]] system serving Akron. Major parks in Akron include Lock 3, Firestone, Goodyear Heights, the F.A. Seiberling Nature Realm, and part of [[Cuyahoga Valley National Park]].

Several of the parks are along the locks of the [[Ohio and Erie Canal]]. Lock 3 Park in downtown Akron features an outdoor amphitheater hosting live music, festivals and special events year-round. The park was created in the early 21st century to provide green space within the city. In the winter, the park is temporarily converted into an outdoor ice-skating rink.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://events.ohio.com/akron-oh/venues/show/65611-lock-3-live-park |title=Lock 3 Live! Park In Akron, Ohio |publisher=Events.ohio.com |access-date=April 3, 2009| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090221070947/http://events.ohio.com/akron-oh/venues/show/65611-lock-3-live-park| archive-date= February 21, 2009 | url-status= live}}</ref> Adjacent to the Derby Downs race hill is a 19,000-square-foot (1,800 m2) outdoor skatepark, and nearby is a [[BMX racing]] course where organized races are often held in the warmer months. Akron residents can enjoy various ice skating activities year-round at the historic [[Akron Ice House]].

The [[Ohio and Erie Canal Towpath Trail]] is a regional bike and hike trail that follows the canal north to Cleveland and south to [[New Philadelphia, Ohio]]. The trail features a floating observation deck section over Summit Lake. It is a popular tourist attraction, as it attracts over 2 million visits annually.<ref name="About the Towpath Trail"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ohiobikeways.net/erietowpath.htm |title=Ohio & Erie Canal Towpath Trail |publisher=Ohiobikeways.net |access-date=April 3, 2009| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090329151557/http://www.ohiobikeways.net/erietowpath.htm| archive-date= March 29, 2009 | url-status= live}}</ref><ref name="City of Akron: News Releases 2008: BRIDGING URBAN PLACES WITH GREEN SPACES - HISTORIC TOWPATH WINDS INTO NEW TERRITORY"/> The Portage Hike and Bike Trail connects with the hike and bike trails in the county.<ref>{{cite web|title= The Portage Hike and Bike|url= http://www.portageparkdistrict.org/portage.htm|work= PortageParkDistrict.com|publisher= Portage Park District|access-date= October 4, 2009|url-status= dead|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090412054313/http://www.portageparkdistrict.org/portage.htm|archive-date= April 12, 2009|df= mdy-all}}See also map link</ref>

==Government==
[[File:2020 United States Presidential Election in Akron, Ohio.svg|thumb|'''2020 Presidential Election by Precinct''' <br /> '''Biden:''' {{legend0|#86b6f2ff|50–60%}} {{legend0|#4389e3ff|60–70%}} {{legend0|#1666cbff|70–80%}} {{legend0|#0645b4ff|80–90%}} {{legend0|#002b84ff|90–100%}}<br />'''Trump:''' {{legend0|#f2b3beff|40–50%}} {{legend0|#e27f90ff|50–60%}}]]
{{See also|List of mayors of Akron, Ohio|List of Akron politicians}}
[[File:Oliver Ocasek Building.jpg|thumb|right|The Ocasek Building includes state, county, and city offices.<ref name="Ohio Building Authority - Ocasek Building"/>]]
The mayor of Akron is elected in a citywide vote. In 2023, the city elected its 63rd mayor. The city is divided into 10 wards, each elect a member to the Akron City Council, while an additional 3 are elected at large. The mayor's cabinet currently consist of directors and deputy directors of administration, communications, community relations, economic development, intergovernmental relations, labor relations, law, planning & urban development, planning director – deputy, public safety, and public service.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ci.akron.oh.us/mayor/cabinet.htm |title=Akron: Office of the Mayor: Cabinet Members |publisher=Ci.akron.oh.us |access-date=September 9, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120831143011/http://ci.akron.oh.us/mayor/cabinet.htm |archive-date=August 31, 2012 }}</ref> The city adopted a new charter of the [[City commission government|commissioner manager type]] in 1920, but reverted to its old form in 1924.

The current mayor is [[Shammas Malik]], who succeeded [[Dan Horrigan]] after the [[2023 Akron mayoral election|2023 election]]. Longtime Akron Mayor [[Don Plusquellic]] announced on May 8, 2015, that he would resign on May 31 after 28 years as mayor and 41 years of service to the city.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.akronohio.gov/cms/city_of_akron/index.html|title=City of Akron : City of Akron|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131123155117/http://www.akronohio.gov/cms/city_of_akron/index.html|archive-date=November 23, 2013}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web|url=http://www.ohio.com/news/break-news/akron-mayor-don-plusquellic-abruptly-announces-his-resignation-blames-the-beacon-journal-1.590486|title=Akron Mayor Don Plusquellic abruptly announces his resignation, blames the Beacon Journal|first=Stephanie Warsmith and Betty|last=Lin-Fisher|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150511221410/http://www.ohio.com/news/break-news/akron-mayor-don-plusquellic-abruptly-announces-his-resignation-blames-the-beacon-journal-1.590486|archive-date=May 11, 2015}}</ref> On May 31, 2015, Garry Moneypenny was sworn in as the new mayor at East High School. Moneypenny was former Chief Deputy and Assistant Sheriff of the Summit County Sheriff's Department, former [[Springfield Township, Summit County, Ohio|Springfield Township]] Police Department Chief of Police,<ref>{{cite web|title=Garry Moneypenny sworn in as Akron's 60th mayor at East High School, talks on past and future of city|url=http://www.cleveland.com/akron/index.ssf/2015/05/garry_moneypenny_sworn_in_as_a.html|date=May 31, 2015|access-date=June 8, 2016|first1=John|last1=Harper|publisher=[[The Plain Dealer]]|work=cleveland.com|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304045537/http://www.cleveland.com/akron/index.ssf/2015/05/garry_moneypenny_sworn_in_as_a.html|archive-date=March 4, 2016}}</ref> and former Akron City Council President.<ref name="autogenerated1"/>

On June 5, 2015, less than a week after he took office, Mayor Moneypenny announced he would not run for a full term because of inappropriate contact with a city employee.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ohio.com/news/politics/akron-mayor-garry-moneypenny-admits-to-inappropriate-contact-with-city-employee-says-he-will-not-resign-or-run-for-new-term-1.597674|title=Akron Mayor Garry Moneypenny admits to inappropriate contact with city employee; says he will not resign or run for new term|first=Marilyn Millerand Stephanie|last=Warsmith|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150613070219/http://www.ohio.com/news/politics/akron-mayor-garry-moneypenny-admits-to-inappropriate-contact-with-city-employee-says-he-will-not-resign-or-run-for-new-term-1.597674|archive-date=June 13, 2015}}</ref> Three days later, Moneypenny announced he would resign effective at midnight on June 10. Council president Jeff Fusco assumed the duties of mayor on June 11, 2015. Fusco ran for and was elected to an at-large council seat, rather than seeking a full term as mayor. Fusco also announced he would temporarily step down as Chair of the Summit County Democratic Party, because the city charter calls for the Mayor to devote his full attention to the city.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ohio.com/news/politics/garry-moneypenny-resigns-as-akron-mayor-fusco-next-in-line-for-mayor-1.598572|title=Garry Moneypenny resigns as Akron mayor; Fusco next in line for mayor|first=Stephanie|last=Warsmith|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150613080003/http://www.ohio.com/news/politics/garry-moneypenny-resigns-as-akron-mayor-fusco-next-in-line-for-mayor-1.598572|archive-date=June 13, 2015}}</ref>

As of July 1, 2015, three Democrats and one Republican were running for Mayor of Akron. The Democratic candidates were [[Summit County, Ohio|Summit County]] [[Court clerk|Clerk of Courts]] and former ward 4 Councilman Dan Horrigan; at-large Councilman Mike Williams; and Summit County Councilman Frank Communale. Horrigan won the Democratic primary, held on September 8. In the general election, he faced the lone GOP candidate, Eddie Sipplen, an African-American criminal defense attorney.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ohio.com/news/break-news/six-democrats-and-1-republican-file-to-run-for-akron-mayor-familiar-names-file-for-akron-council-races-1.599130|title=Six Democrats and 1 Republican file to run for Akron mayor; familiar names file for Akron council races|first=Stephanie Warsmithand Paula|last=Schleis|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150611041508/http://www.ohio.com/news/break-news/six-democrats-and-1-republican-file-to-run-for-akron-mayor-familiar-names-file-for-akron-council-races-1.599130|archive-date=June 11, 2015}}</ref> On November 3, 2015, Horrigan was elected as the 62nd mayor of the city of Akron. He took office on January 1, 2016. On November 5, 2019, Mayor Horrigan was re-elected to a second term.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Livingston|first=Doug|title=Democrats again sweep Akron elections: Mayor re-elected, council adds new members|url=https://www.beaconjournal.com/news/20191105/democrats-again-sweep-akron-elections-mayor-re-elected-council-adds-new-members|access-date=August 31, 2020|website=Akron Beacon Journal|language=en|archive-date=July 25, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200725011135/https://www.beaconjournal.com/news/20191105/democrats-again-sweep-akron-elections-mayor-re-elected-council-adds-new-members|url-status=dead}}</ref>

The current members of the city council, all Democrats, are:
* Ward 1 – Samuel D. DeShazior
* Ward 2 – Phil Lombardo
* Ward 3 – Margo Sommerville{{Snd}}president
* Ward 4 – Jan Davis
* Ward 5 – Johnnie Hannah
* Ward 6 – Brad McKitrick{{Snd}} president pro-tempore 
* Ward 7 – Donnie Kammer 
* Ward 8 – Bruce Bolden
* Ward 9 – Tina Boyes
* Ward 10 – Sharon L. Connor
* At Large – Linda F. R. Omobien
* At Large – Jeff Fusco{{Snd}}vice president
* At Large – Eric D. Garrett Sr.
* Clerk of Council – Sara Biviano
* Council Chief of Staff - Dr. Joan M. Williams <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ohio.com/news/break-news/akron-council-member-planning-director-argue-after-council-police-called-to-chamber-1.596582|title=Akron council member, planning director argue after meeting; police called to chamber|first=Stephanie|last=Warsmith}}</ref>

==Education==
{{See also|Category:Education in Akron, Ohio|List of University of Akron people}}
[[File:University of Akron Student Union.jpg|thumb|The Student Union at the [[University of Akron]]]]

Preschool, elementary, and secondary education is mainly provided by the [[Akron Public Schools|Akron City School District]]. The district's planning began in 1840 when Ansel Miller proposed building free public schools for all children, funded by property taxes. After facing opposition, Miller teamed up with Isaac Jennings, who became chair of a committee to improve the school system. On November 21, 1846, their plan was unanimously approved by citizens, and the Ohio Legislature adopted it as "An Act for the Support and Better Regulation of the Common Schools of the Town of Akron" on February 8, 1847.<ref name="akronschools.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.akronschools.com/dotAsset/13842.pdf |title=History of the Akron Public Schools |access-date=September 9, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120801222811/http://www.akronschools.com/dotAsset/13842.pdf |archive-date=August 1, 2012  }}</ref>

Akron's first public schools opened in the fall of 1847 and were led by Mortimer Leggett. he first annual report showed that it cost less than $2 a year to educate a child. By 1857, the annual operating cost had risen to $4,200 (~${{Format price|{{Inflation|index=US-GDP|value=4200|start_year=1857}}}} in {{Inflation/year|US-GDP}}). Primary schools were taught by young women, who were paid less and supervised by a male superintendent. From 1877 to 1952, Akron graduated students semi-annually instead of annually. In the 1920s, an Americanization program was designed to help the many Akron students who were first-generation Americans.<ref name="akronschools.com" /> All Akron public schools are going through a 15-year, $800 million rebuilding process.<ref name="Education Alternatives in Akron Ohio"/> The city's schools have been moved from "Academic Watch" to "Continuous Improvement" by the [[Ohio Department of Education]].<ref name="Akron Public Schools General Information"/>

Akron also has many private, parochial and charter schools. As part of his charitable foundation's initiatives in the city, [[LeBron James]] founded the [[I Promise School]], which serves underprivileged kids.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.lebronjamesfamilyfoundation.org/i-promise-school/|url-status=live|title=I Promise School|publisher=LeBron James Family Foundation|date=May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220208020054/https://www.lebronjamesfamilyfoundation.org/i-promise-school/|archive-date=February 8, 2022|access-date=February 21, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Green|first=Erica L.|date=April 12, 2019|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/12/education/lebron-james-school-ohio.html|title=LeBron James Opened a School That Was Considered an Experiment. It's Showing Promise.|work=The New York Times|access-date=February 21, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|url=https://blackeoejournal.com/2022/02/jasmine-jordan-creating-lane-jordan-brand-wnba-stars-finding-shes-michael-jordans-daughter/|title=Lebron James: Five Humongous Charitable Donations|journal=Black EOE Journal|date=January 2021|access-date=February 21, 2022}}</ref> Akron was served by the [[Akron Digital Academy]] from 2002 to 2018, when it shut down.<ref>{{Cite web |date=July 6, 2018 |title=Akron Digital Academy Quietly Closes as Other Online Charter Schools Face Hefty State Fees |url=https://www.govtech.com/education/k-12/Akron-Digital-Academy-Quietly-Closes-as-Other-Online-Charter-Schools-Face-Hefty-State-Fees.html |access-date=August 28, 2022 |website=GovTech |language=en}}</ref>

The city is home to the [[University of Akron]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ppg.com/en/newsroom/news/Pages/20090827.aspx |title=PPG Industries – PPG donates $5,000 to University of Akron |publisher=Corporateportal.ppg.com |date=August 27, 2009 |access-date=January 24, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100513162037/http://www.ppg.com/en/newsroom/news/Pages/20090827.aspx |archive-date=May 13, 2010  }}</ref> Originally Buchtel College, the school is home of the [[Goodyear Polymer Center]] and the National Polymer Innovation Center.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://plasticsnews.com/headlines2.html?id=16599 |title=University of Akron breaks ground for $13 million polymer center |publisher=Plastics News |access-date=October 1, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110715092401/http://plasticsnews.com/headlines2.html?id=16599 |archive-date=July 15, 2011 }}</ref> Part of the [[University System of Ohio]], the university enrolls approximately 15,000 students.<ref>{{cite web|title=Enrollment Data|url=https://www.uakron.edu/ir/student-enrollment|website=University of Akron|access-date=December 15, 2024}}</ref>

==Media==
[[File:Former Akron Beacon Journal Building.jpg|upright|thumb|right|Former ''Akron Beacon Journal'' headquarters]]

===Print===
Akron was served in print by the daily ''[[Akron Beacon Journal]],'' formerly the flagship newspaper of the Knight Newspapers chain; the weekly "The Akron Reporter"; and the weekly ''West Side Leader'' newspapers and the monthly magazine ''Akron Life''. ''The Buchtelite'' newspaper is published by the [[University of Akron]].<ref name="urlwww.buchtelite.com"/>

===TV===
Akron is part of the [[Greater Cleveland|Cleveland-Akron-Canton]] TV market, the 18th largest market in the U.S.<ref name="Local Television Market Universe Estimates Comparisons of 2008-09 and 2009-10 Market Ranks"/> Within the market, [[WEAO (TV)|WEAO]] ([[PBS]]), [[WVPX]] ([[ION Television|ION]]), and [[WBNX-TV]] ([[Independent station (North America)|independent]]) are licensed to Akron. WEAO serves Akron specifically, while WBNX and WVPX identify as "Akron/Cleveland", serving the entire market. Akron has no native news broadcast, having lost its only news station when the former WAKC became WVPX in 1996. WVPX and Cleveland's [[WKYC]] later provided a joint news program, which was cancelled in 2005.<ref name="Akron news release"/><ref name="Newscast off air, on cable."/>

===Radio===
{{See also|:Template:Akron Radio|l1=Akron Radio}}
Though it is part of a combined TV market with Cleveland, Akron is its own radio market, with 12 stations directly serving it, including music stations  [[WQMX]] 94.9 (Country), [[WONE-FM|WONE]] 97.5 (Classic rock), [[WKDD]] 98.1 (Contemporary Hits), and [[WAKR]] 1590/93.5 ([[Soft AC]]/[[full service radio|Full service]]).

[[WHLO]] 640 and [[WNIR-FM]] 100.1 feature news/talk formats, while [[WCUE]] 1150 and [[WKJA]] 91.9 air religious programming.

As the regional [[NPR]] [[Network affiliate|affiliate]], [[WKSU]] 89.7 serves all of Northeast Ohio (including both the Cleveland and Akron markets).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.beaconjournal.com/story/news/2022/03/28/monday-northeast-ohio-npr-programming-shifts-wcpn-wksu/7195070001/|title=Northeast Ohio NPR programming shifts from WCPN to WKSU, classical music now on 90.3 FM|website=Akron Beacon Journal}}</ref> College and school run stations include [[WZIP]] 88.1 (Top 40 – [[University of Akron]]), [[WSTB]] 88.9 (Alternative – Streetsboro City Schools), and [[WAPS-FM|WAPS]] 91.3 ([[Album Adult Alternative|AAA]] – [[Akron Public Schools]])

===Film and television===
Akron has served as the setting for several [[Major film studio|major studio]] and [[Independent film|independent]] films. Inducted into the [[National Film Registry]], ''[[Dance, Girl, Dance]]'' (1940), tells the story of two dancers from Akron who go to New York City.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.screenhead.com/reviews/dance-girl-dance-lucys-ball-of-fun-on-dvd/ |title=Dance, Girl, Dance – Lucy's Ball of Fun on DVD – Movies, Reviews and More |publisher=Screenhead.com |access-date=January 18, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081201181232/http://www.screenhead.com/reviews/dance-girl-dance-lucys-ball-of-fun-on-dvd/ |archive-date=December 1, 2008 }}</ref><ref name="Dance, Girl, Dance"/> ''[[My Name is Bill W.]]'' (1989) tells the true story of [[Bill W.|Bill Wilson]] who co-founded [[Alcoholics Anonymous]], which held its first meetings at the [[Stan Hywet Hall and Gardens]] and has over two million members today.<ref name="Creed"/> The program's connection to the Saint Thomas Hospital is alluded to in an episode of the television series ''[[Prison Break]]'' (2005), where [[Michael Scofield]] talks to [[Sara Tancredi]] on the phone while there.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.twiztv.com/scripts/prisonbreak/season2/prisonbreak-215.htm |title=Prison Break &#124; Episode 2–15 Transcript &#124; The Message |publisher=Twiztv.com |date=January 29, 2007 |access-date=January 21, 2010| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100102070411/http://twiztv.com/scripts/prisonbreak/season2/prisonbreak-215.htm| archive-date= January 2, 2010 | url-status= live}}</ref> The Akron Armory is used as a venue for a female wrestling team in ''[[...All the Marbles]]'' (1981).<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.hollywood.com/movie/All_the_Marbles/226160 |title=All the Marbles 1981 &#124; Movie Trailer, Reviews, Photos, Cast |work=Hollywood.com |access-date=January 19, 2010 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100429043147/http://www.hollywood.com/movie/All_the_Marbles/226160 |archive-date=April 29, 2010  }}</ref> ''[[More than a Game]]'' (2009) documents [[National Basketball Association]] player [[LeBron James]] and his [[St. Vincent – St. Mary High School]] high school basketball team's journey.<ref>{{cite news |author=A. O. Scott |author-link=A. O. Scott |url=https://movies.nytimes.com/2009/10/02/movies/02more.html |title=Movie Review – More Than a Game – Akron's Little Dribblers Who Became Big Shots |work=The New York Times |date=October 2, 2009 |access-date=January 19, 2010 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091006023113/http://movies.nytimes.com/2009/10/02/movies/02more.html |archive-date=October 6, 2009  }}</ref> In [[Drake (entertainer)|Drake]]'s music video to ''[[Forever (Drake song)|Forever]]'' (2009) off the [[More than a Game (soundtrack)|''More than a Game'' soundtrack]] (2009), the iconic [[Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company|Goodyear]]'s logo on top the company's theater is shown. The city has been frequently portrayed in media, from "Hell on Earth" in the television series ''I'm In Hell'' (2007),<ref name="Jason Biggs Interview, Over Her Dead Body - MoviesOnline"/> to the whereabouts of a holy woman in ''The Virgin of Akron, Ohio'' (2007).<ref>{{cite web |url=https://tv.yahoo.com/the-virgin-of-akron-ohio/show/40719/castcrew |title=The Virgin of Akron, Ohio Television show – The Virgin of Akron, Ohio TV Show – Yahoo! TV |publisher=Tv.yahoo.com |access-date=March 26, 2010 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110615054745/http://tv.yahoo.com/the-virgin-of-akron-ohio/show/40719/castcrew |archive-date=June 15, 2011  }}</ref> Henry Spivey of ''[[My Own Worst Enemy (TV series)|My Own Worst Enemy]]'' (2008), travels to Akron through the series many times.<ref name="TV Detail: My Own Worst Enemy reviewSeries Premiere :: TV :: Reviews :: Paste"/> [[George Costanza]] in an episode of ''[[The Comeback (Seinfeld)|Seinfeld]]'' (1989), flies to Akron and has a meeting at [[Firestone Tire and Rubber Company|Firestone]].<ref name="The Heldenfiles, Seinfeld Bus Rolling to Cleveland, ''Akron Beacon Journal'', Wednesday, August 13, 2008"/> ''[[M.Y.O.B. (TV series)|M.Y.O.B.]]'' (2008) is centered on an Akron runaway girl named Riley Veatch.<ref name="M.Y.O.B. on"/> Jake Foley of ''[[Jake 2.0]]'' (2003), [[List of Rugrats characters|Pickles family]] of the ''[[Rugrats]]'' (1991), and J.Reid of ''[[In Too Deep (1999 film)|In Too Deep]]'' (1999), and Avery Barkley of Nashville (2016) are also from the city. Akron was also in the spotlight on the television show [[Criminal Minds]] "Compromising Positions" (2010) Season 6, Episode 4. The 2015 film ''[[Room (2015 film)|Room]]'' is set in Akron, [[List of films shot in Toronto|filmed in Toronto]] with [[Staging (theatre, film, television)|staging]] to signify Akron.

==Transportation==
===Airports===
[[File:Akron Fulton International Airport (36221818930).jpg|thumb|[[Akron Executive Airport]]]]
The primary terminal that airline passengers traveling to or from Akron use is the [[Akron–Canton Airport]], serving nearly 2 million passengers a year. The Akron-Canton Airport is a commercial [[airspace class|Class C]] airport located in the city of [[Green, Ohio|Green]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.akroncantonairport.com/uploads/CAK_WelcomePage_FINAL.pdf |archive-date=December 9, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081209090219/http://www.akroncantonairport.com/uploads/CAK_WelcomePage_FINAL.pdf |title=Welcome to the Akron-Canton Airport!}}</ref> roughly {{convert|10|mi|0|abbr=on}} southeast of Akron operated jointly by [[Stark County, Ohio|Stark]] and [[Summit County, Ohio|Summit]] counties. It serves as an alternative for travelers to or from the Cleveland area as well. [[Akron Executive Airport]] is a [[general aviation]] airport located in and owned by the City of Akron that serves private planes. It first opened in 1929 and has operated in several different capacities since then. The airport had commercial scheduled airline service until the 1950s and it is now used for both cargo and private planes.<ref name="Akron, Ohio: Akron Fulton Airport"/>
It is home of the [[Goodyear Airdock|Lockheed Martin Airdock]], where the Goodyear airships, dirigibles, and blimps were originally stored and maintained. The Goodyear blimps are now housed outside of Akron in a facility on the shores of Wingfoot Lake in nearby [[Suffield Township, Portage County, Ohio|Suffield Township]].

===Railroads===
{{main|Akron Northside station}}
[[File:Akron Northside Station.jpg|thumb|Akron Northside Station]]
Akron Northside Station is a train station at 27 Ridge Street along the [[Cuyahoga Valley Scenic Railroad]].<ref name="Cuyahoga Valley Scenic Railroad, Akron Northside Station In Akron, Ohio - Ohio.com"/>

Because of the city's large rubber industry, Akron was once served by a variety of railroads that competed for the city's freight and passenger business. The largest were the [[Baltimore and Ohio Railroad]], [[Erie Railroad]], and the [[Pennsylvania Railroad]]. Smaller regional railroads included the [[Akron Canton and Youngstown Railroad|Akron, Canton, and Youngstown Railroad]], Northern Ohio Railway, and the Akron Barberton Belt Railroad.<ref>{{Sanders-Akron}}</ref>{{page needed|date=August 2015}} Today, the city is served by [[CSX Corporation]], the Wheeling & Lake Erie Railroad, and their subsidiary Akron-Barberton-Cluster, which operate out of the W&LE's Akron Yard near Brittain Road on the eastern end of the city.

From 1891 to 1971 passenger service to points throughout the Midwest, as well as Washington and New York City, was provided at [[Akron Union Station]].<ref>Camp, Mark J. 'Railroad Depots of Northeast Ohio,' Arcadia Publishing, 2007, p. 27.</ref> The last legacy passenger trains were the [[Erie Lackawanna]]'s ''[[Lake Cities (Erie Railroad train)|Lake Cities]]'' (ended, 1970) and the B&O's ''[[Shenandoah (B&O train)|Shenandoah]]'' (ended, 1971).<ref>{{cite web |website=Trains.com |title=Passenger trains on the eve of Amtrak |url=http://ctr.trains.com/~/media/import/files/pdf/f/7/7/passenger_trains_operating_on_the_eve_of_amtrak.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120826050444/http://ctr.trains.com/~/media/import/files/pdf/f/7/7/passenger_trains_operating_on_the_eve_of_amtrak.pdf |archive-date=August 26, 2012}}</ref> There is currently no passenger rail transportation with the elimination of Amtrak's former ''[[Three Rivers (train)|Three Rivers]]'' service in 2005. The nearest [[Amtrak]] service is in [[Alliance, Ohio]] or Cleveland.

===Bus and public transit===
[[File:AkronRTA.jpg|thumb|right|Robert K. Pfaff Transit Center]]
Public transportation is available through the [[METRO Regional Transit Authority]] system, whose fleet of over 200 buses and trolleys operates local routes and commuter buses into downtown Cleveland. [[Stark Area Regional Transit Authority]] (SARTA) also has a bus line running between [[Canton, Ohio|Canton]] and Akron and the [[Portage Area Regional Transportation Authority]] (PARTA) runs an express route connecting the [[University of Akron]] with [[Kent State University]].<ref name="Akron Express"/>
Metro RTA operates out of the Robert K. Pfaff Transit Center on South Broadway Street. This facility, which opened in 2009, also houses inter-city bus transportation available through [[Greyhound Lines]].<ref name="Solar panels make Akron's new transit center a leader in Ohio"/>

===Freeways===
Akron is served by two major interstate highways that bisect the city. Unlike other cities, the bisection does not occur in the Central Business District, nor do the interstates serve downtown; rather, the [[Ohio State Route 59|Akron Innerbelt]] and to a lesser extent [[Ohio State Route 8]] serve these functions.
* [[Interstate 77]] connects [[Marietta, Ohio|Marietta]] and [[Cleveland]], Ohio. In Akron, it has 15 interchanges, four of which permit freeway-to-freeway movements. It runs north–south in the southern part of the city to its intersection with [[Interstate 76 (east)|I-76]], where it takes a westerly turn as a concurrency with Interstate 76.
* [[Interstate 76 (east)|Interstate 76]] connects [[Interstate 71 (Ohio)|Interstate 71]] to [[Youngstown, Ohio]], and farther. It runs east–west and has 18 interchanges in Akron, four of which are freeway-to-freeway. The East Leg was rebuilt in the 1990s to feature six lanes and longer merge lanes. The concurrency with Interstate 77 is eight lanes. The Kenmore Leg is a four-lane leg that is slightly less than two miles (3&nbsp;km) long and connects to Interstate 277.
* [[Interstate 277 (Ohio)|Interstate 277]] is an east–west spur that it forms with [[U.S. Highway 224|US 224]] after I-76 splits to the north to form the Kenmore Leg. It is six lanes and cosigned with U.S. 224.
* The [[Ohio State Route 59|Akron Innerbelt]] is a six-lane, {{convert|1.78|mi|km|adj=on}} spur from the I-76/I-77 concurrency and serves the urban core of the city. Its ramps are directional from the interstates, so it only serves west side drivers. ODOT is considering changing this design to attract more traffic to the route. The freeway comes to an abrupt end near the northern boundary of downtown where it becomes Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard. The freeway itself is officially known as "The Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial Freeway". The freeway was originally designed to connect directly to State Route 8, but plans were laid to rest in the mid-1970s because of financial troubles.
* [[Ohio State Route 8]] is an original state highway that is a limited access route that connects Akron's northern suburbs with Interstates 76 and 77. State Route 8's southern terminus is at the central interchange, where it meets I-76 and I-77. The second freeway in Akron to be completed, it went through a major overhaul in 2003 with new ramps and access roads. In 2007 ODOT began a project to upgrade the road to interstate highway standards north of Akron from [[Ohio State Route 303|State Route 303]] to I-271, providing a high speed alternative to Cleveland.<ref name="Akron Innerbelt Integration Initiative - History"/>

==Notable people==
{{Main|List of people from Akron, Ohio}}
[[File:Judy Resnik STS-41-D.jpg|thumb|alt=Mission Specialist Judith Resnik|Mission Specialist [[Judith Resnik]] on the middeck of ''[[Space Shuttle Discovery|Discovery]]'' during [[STS-41-D]]]]
Akron has produced and been home to a number of notable individuals in varying fields. Its natives and residents are called "Akronites". The first postmaster of the Connecticut Western Reserve and president of its bank, General [[Simon Perkins]] (1771–1844), co-founded Akron in 1825. His son, [[Colonel Simon Perkins]] (1805–1877), while living in Akron during the same time as abolitionist [[John Brown (abolitionist)|John Brown]] (1800–1859), went into business with Brown. [[Wendell Willkie]], the Republican nominee for president in 1940, worked in Akron as a lawyer for Firestone. Pioneering televangelist [[Rex Humbard]] rose to prominence in Akron. Beacon Journal publisher [[John S. Knight]] ran the national Knight Newspapers chain from Akron. Broadcaster [[Hugh Downs]] was born in Akron. In the mid- to late 1940s, pioneering rock 'n' roll DJ [[Alan Freed]] was musical director at Akron's WAKR. Watergate figure [[John Dean]] was born in Akron.
[[File:LeBron James Lakers.jpg|thumb|170px|[[LeBron James]]]]
Noted athletes to have come from Akron include multi-time [[National Basketball Association]] Champions and MVPs [[LeBron James]] and [[Stephen Curry]], [[Basketball Hall of Fame]]rs [[Gus Johnson (basketball)|Gus "Honeycomb" Johnson]] and [[Nate Thurmond|Nate "The Great" Thurmond]], [[Major League Baseball]] player [[Thurman Munson]], [[International Boxing Hall of Fame]]r [[Gorilla Jones]], WBA Heavyweight Boxing Champion [[Michael Dokes]], Houston Texans linebacker [[Whitney Mercilus]], former [[Northwestern University]] and [[University of Notre Dame|Notre Dame]] coach [[Ara Parseghian]], and [[Butch Reynolds]], former world record holder in the [[400 metres|400 meter]] dash. Former [[National Football League|NFL]] linebacker [[James Harrison (American football)|James Harrison]] was born in Akron, as was former Tennessee Titans head coach and current New England Patriots Head Coach, [[Mike Vrabel]]. [[Clayton Murphy]], professional middle-distance runner and 2016 Olympic Games bronze medalist, competed in cross country and track & field for the [[Akron Zips]].
[[File:Stephen Curry dribbling 2016.jpg|alt=Stephen Curry|thumb|289x289px|[[Stephen Curry]]]]
Performing artists to come from Akron include bands such as [[Ruby and the Romantics]]; [[Devo]]; [[The Black Keys]]; [[The Cramps]], whose lead singer, [[Lux Interior]], was a native of the town; rapper [[Ampichino]]; [[The Waitresses]]; and [[1964 the Tribute]]; singers [[Vaughn Monroe]]; [[Chrissie Hynde]], lead singer and main composer with British New Wave band [[The Pretenders]]; [[James Ingram]]; [[Joseph Arthur]]; [[Jani Lane]]; [[Rachel Sweet]]; and [[outlaw country]] singer [[David Allan Coe]]; Actors [[Frank Dicopoulos]], [[David McLean (actor)|David McLean]], [[Melina Kanakaredes]], [[Elizabeth Franz]], [[William Boyett]], [[Lola Albright]], [[Ray Wise]] and [[Jesse White (actor)|Jesse White]]. [[Clark Gable]] and [[John Lithgow]] also lived in Akron.

Poet [[Rita Dove]] was born and grew up in Akron. She went on to become the first African-American [[United States Poet Laureate]]. Many of her poems are about or take place in Akron, foremost among them [[Thomas and Beulah]], which earned her the 1987 [[Pulitzer Prize for Poetry]].

Owner of over 400 patents, native [[Stanford R. Ovshinsky]] invented the widely used [[nickel-metal hydride battery]]. [[Richard Smalley]], winner of a [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry]] for discovering [[buckminsterfullerene]] (buckyballs) was born in the city during 1943. Another native, the second U.S. female astronaut in [[Outer space|space]], [[Judith Resnik]], died in the 1986 [[Space Shuttle Challenger disaster|Space Shuttle ''Challenger'' disaster]] and has the [[Resnik (crater)|Resnik Moon crater]] named in her honor.

The [[Silver screen|Silver Screen]], which came to symbolize Hollywood's movie entertainment industry, was invented by Kenmore resident and projectionist Harry Coulter Williams. First used in Akron's Majestic Theater and then Norka Theater, the "Williams Perlite" tear-proof, vinyl plastic indoor motion picture screen was installed in all the major movie houses, including the rapidly expanding theaters built by Warner Bros. of nearby Youngstown OH. Williams' unique silver-painted screens were adapted for CinemaScope, VistaVision, and later 3-D movies. They provided a brighter picture at all angles with top reflectivity at direct viewing and extra diffusion for side seats and balconies.<ref>Price, Mark J. (2015) Lost Akron</ref>

[[Carol Folt]], the 11th chancellor and 29th chief executive, of [[the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill]] was born in Akron in 1951. She was previously provost (chief academic officer) and interim president of [[Dartmouth College]]. She assumed her duties on July 1, 2013, and is the first woman to lead UNC.

The philosopher and logician [[Willard van Orman Quine]] was born and grew up in Akron.

==In popular culture==
[[File:Chemnitz Germany Akron Sister City.jpg|upright|thumb|right|Global street sign]]
''[[Thomas and Beulah]]'', a 1986 book of poetry written by native and former [[Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry to the Library of Congress]], [[Rita Dove]], tells the story of her grandmother and grandfather, who separately moved from [[Southern United States|the South]] to the city, where they lived through the [[Great Depression]] and the rest of their lives.<ref name="The music of what happens: poems, poets, critics" /> The city is also the setting for the 2005 novel ''The Coast of Akron'', by former editor of ''[[Esquire (magazine)|Esquire]]'', [[Adrienne Miller]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.salon.com/books/review/2005/05/06/miller/ |title="The Coast of Akron" by Adrienne Miller |access-date=February 2, 2010 |last=Traister |first=Rebecca |date=May 6, 2005 |work=Salon |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605015055/http://www.salon.com/books/review/2005/05/06/miller/ |archive-date=June 5, 2011  }}</ref> To reflect Akron's decline during the 1980s, Akron native [[Chrissie Hynde]] wrote the 1982 [[Pretenders (band)|Pretenders]] song "[[My City Was Gone]]".<ref name="On the brink: Akron - Transitioning from rubber to polymers buoys economy" /> [[The Black Keys]]' 2004 album title ''[[Rubber Factory]]'' refers to the former [[General Tire|General Tire & Rubber Company]] factory in which it was recorded.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/fm20040926l4.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606005906/http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/fm20040926l4.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=June 6, 2011 |title=The Black Keys: "Rubber Factory" |access-date=March 4, 2010 }}</ref> Akron serves as a setting in the 2002 first-person-shooter PC platform video game ''[[No One Lives Forever 2: A Spy In H.A.R.M.'s Way]]''.<ref name="No One Lives Forever 2: A Spy in H.A.R.M.'s Way Review for PC" /><ref name="No One Lives Forever 2: A Spy in HARM's Way Review" />

==Sister cities==
Akron, as of 2015, has two [[Twin towns and sister cities|sister cities]]:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sistercities.org/interactive-map/Akron,%20Ohio |publisher=Sister Cities International |title=Akron, Ohio |access-date=June 10, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150610180528/http://sistercities.org/interactive-map/Akron%2C%20Ohio |archive-date=June 10, 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

{|
|-
| valign="top" |
* {{flagdeco|DEU}} [[Chemnitz]], [[Saxony]], Germany <small>''(since April 20, 1997)''</small><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chemnitz.de/chemnitz/en/facets-of-a-charming-city/twin-cities/index.html|title=Twin cities&nbsp;— Chemnitz|work=chemnitz.de|access-date=November 25, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202235009/http://www.chemnitz.de/chemnitz/en/facets-of-a-charming-city/twin-cities/index.html|archive-date=December 2, 2013}}</ref>
* {{flagdeco|ISR}} [[Kiryat Ekron]], Israel<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.akronohio.gov/cms/site/824853b8ae0c3880/index.html |title=Sister Cities: City of Akron |work=akronohio.gov |access-date=November 25, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203041830/http://www.akronohio.gov/cms/site/824853b8ae0c3880/index.html |archive-date=December 3, 2013 }}</ref>
|}

==References==
{{notelist}}
{{reflist|refs=

<ref name="A New Brand Of Tech Cities">{{cite web|url=http://www.newsweek.com/id/79904/page/3 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130129213922/http://www.newsweek.com/id/79904/page/3 |url-status=dead |archive-date=January 29, 2013 |title=A New Brand Of Tech Cities |work=Newsweek |date=April 30, 2001 |access-date=January 24, 2010 }}</ref>

<ref name="ASCPL Digital Exhibit">{{cite web |url=http://www.akronlibrary.org/digital-lib/DLH0002A.html |title=ASCPL Digital Exhibit |publisher=Akronlibrary.org |date=July 4, 1905 |access-date=January 20, 2010 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100918023243/http://akronlibrary.org/digital-lib/DLH0002A.html |archive-date=September 18, 2010  }}</ref>

<ref name="About the Towpath Trail">{{cite web|url=http://www.ohioeriecanal.org/abouttowpath.html |title=About the Towpath Trail |publisher=Ohioeriecanal.org |access-date=April 3, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090212170556/http://www.ohioeriecanal.org/abouttowpath.html |archive-date=February 12, 2009  }}</ref>

<ref name="Akron Art Museum">{{cite web|url=http://www.chi-athenaeum.org/archawards/2005/akronart.html |title=Akron Art Museum |work=2005 American Architecture Awards |publisher=The Chicago Athenaeum |year=2005 |access-date=January 5, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091008221443/http://www.chi-athenaeum.org/archawards/2005/akronart.html |archive-date=October 8, 2009 }}</ref>

<ref name="Akron Children's Hospital : Why Akron Children's?">{{cite web|url=https://www.akronchildrens.org/cms/site/73139f80fa022ea8/index.html |title=Akron Children's Hospital : Why Akron Children's? |publisher=Akronchildrens.org |date=June 19, 2007 |access-date=April 3, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071027081856/https://www.akronchildrens.org/cms/site/73139f80fa022ea8/index.html |archive-date=October 27, 2007 }}</ref>

<ref name="Akron Express">{{cite web|url= http://www.partaonline.org/pdfs/Akron_Express.pdf|title= Akron Express|access-date= March 14, 2009|work= PARTA Online|publisher= Portage Area Regional Transportation Authority|date= January 2009|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090306055105/http://www.partaonline.org/pdfs/Akron_Express.pdf|archive-date= March 6, 2009|url-status= dead|df= mdy-all}}</ref>

<ref name="Akron General earns honors">{{cite web|last=Powell |first=Cheryl |url=http://www.ohio.com/news/top_stories/50919842.html |title=Akron General earns honors |publisher=Ohio.com |access-date=July 16, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110615162539/http://www.ohio.com/news/top_stories/50919842.html |archive-date=June 15, 2011 }}</ref>

<ref name="Akron Innerbelt Integration Initiative - History">{{cite web|url=http://www.akroninnerbelt.org/noflash/history.php |title=Akron Innerbelt Integration Initiative – History |publisher=Akroninnerbelt.org |access-date=April 3, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060210081745/http://www.akroninnerbelt.org/noflash/history.php |archive-date=February 10, 2006}}</ref>

<ref name="Akron Ohio Historical Timeline 1950 - 1999">{{cite web|url=https://www.akronohio.gov/cms/1950-1999/index.html |title=Akron Ohio Historical Timeline 1950–1999 |publisher=City of Akron |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180622124301/http://www.akronohio.gov/cms/1950-1999/index.html |archive-date=June 22, 2018 }}</ref>

<ref name="Akron Ohio: Akron Ohio: Mayor's Office of Economic Development">{{cite web|url=http://www.ci.akron.oh.us/ed/index.htm |title=Akron Ohio: Akron Ohio: Mayor's Office of Economic Development |publisher=Ci.akron.oh.us |access-date=November 24, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090919004102/http://www.ci.akron.oh.us/ed/index.htm |archive-date=September 19, 2009 }}</ref>

<ref name="Akron Public Schools General Information">{{cite web|url=http://www.akronschools.com/about/info.html |title=Akron Public Schools General Information |access-date=July 9, 2009 |publisher=Akron Public Schools | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080615153849/http://www.akronschools.com/about/info.html| archive-date = June 15, 2008}}</ref>

{{citation needed|date=August 2020}}

<!--not used
<ref name="Akron Weather History">{{cite web|url=http://www.cityrating.com/cityweather.asp?city=Akron |title=Akron Weather History |publisher=CityRating.com |access-date=April 3, 2009| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090429171507/http://cityrating.com/cityweather.asp?city=Akron| archive-date= April 29, 2009| url-status= live}}</ref>
-->

<ref name="Akron leads the way">{{cite news|title=Akron leads the way |magazine=Builders Exchange |year=2007 |url=http://www.bxmagazine.com/article.asp?ID=833 |access-date=January 11, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080403155554/http://www.bxmagazine.com/article.asp?ID=833 |archive-date=April 3, 2008 }}</ref>

<ref name="Akron news release">{{cite web|url=http://www.ci.akron.oh.us/news_releases/2001/033001.html |title=PAX WVPX-TV 23 & WKYC-TV 3 Bring Local News Back to Akron Area|url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130727063715/http://www.ci.akron.oh.us/news_releases/2001/033001.html |archive-date=July 27, 2013 |date = March 29, 2001|publisher = City of Akron}}</ref>

<ref name="Akron, Ohio - Birthplace of Alcoholics Anonymous">{{cite web|url=http://www.akronaa.org/foundersday/ |title=Akron, Ohio – Birthplace of Alcoholics Anonymous |access-date=January 20, 2010 |publisher=Akron Area Intergroup Council of Alcoholics Anonymous |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090616125447/http://www.akronaa.org/foundersday/ |archive-date=June 16, 2009 }}</ref>

<ref name="Akron, Ohio">{{cite web|url=http://www.brookings.edu/events/2008/~/media/Files/events/2008/0910_restoring_prosperity/akron_case_study.pdf |title=Akron, Ohio |publisher=www.brookings.edu |access-date=April 3, 2009}}{{Dead link|date=January 2010}}</ref>

<ref name="Akron, Ohio: Akron Fulton Airport">{{cite web|url=http://www.ci.akron.oh.us/Airport/index.htm |title=Akron, Ohio: Akron Fulton Airport |publisher=Ci.akron.oh.us |access-date=April 3, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081224152902/http://www.ci.akron.oh.us/Airport/index.htm |archive-date=December 24, 2008 }}</ref>

<!--ref name="Akron-Canton Airport News Akron Canton Airport">{{cite web|url=http://www.akroncantonairport.com/news-detail.php?pageid=52&newscategoryid=1&newsid=300 |title=Akron-Canton Airport News Akron Canton Airport |publisher=Akroncantonairport.com |access-date=March 22, 2010}}</ref-->

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<ref name="Akron-Summit County Public Library">{{cite web |url=http://www.akronlibrary.org/ |title=Akron-Summit County Public Library |publisher=Akronlibrary.org |date=February 15, 2009 |access-date=July 8, 2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091104165042/http://www.akronlibrary.org/ |archive-date=November 4, 2009  }}</ref>
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<ref name="Akron: Akron's Black History Timeline: 1900-1919: The New Century">{{cite web|url=https://www.akronohio.gov/cms/site/0b144cf2a61a53e3/index.html |title=Akron's Black History Timeline: 1920–1929: The Third Decade |publisher=City of Akron |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181002104831/https://www.akronohio.gov/cms/site/0b144cf2a61a53e3/index.html |archive-date=October 2, 2018 }}</ref>

<ref name="American Religious Buildings">{{cite web|last1=Jenks|first1=Christopher Stephen|title=American Religious Buildings: The Akron Plan Sunday School|url=http://www.sacredplaces.org/PSP-InfoClearingHouse/articles/American%20Religious%20Buildings.htm|website=[[Partners for Sacred Places]]|publisher=[[New York Landmarks Conservancy]]|access-date=June 9, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030318161630/http://www.sacredplaces.org/PSP-InfoClearingHouse/articles/American%20Religious%20Buildings.htm|archive-date=March 18, 2003|date=December 1995|quote=Thousands of Akron Plan Sunday Schools were built throughout New York State and the country between 1870 and the First World War.}}</ref>

<ref name="Architecture">{{cite web |url=http://www.akronartmuseum.org/architecture/ |title=Architecture |publisher=Akron Art Museum |access-date=January 1, 2010 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100309063521/http://www.akronartmuseum.org/architecture/ |archive-date=March 9, 2010  }}</ref>

<ref name="Arresting displays refreshed for public">{{cite web|last=Trexler |first=Phil |url=http://www.ohio.com/entertainment/80323682.html |title=Arresting displays refreshed for public |work=Ohio.com |date=December 29, 2009 |access-date=January 2, 2010| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100102005350/http://www.ohio.com/entertainment/80323682.html| archive-date= January 2, 2010 | url-status= live}}</ref>

<ref name="Bridgestone Americas, Inc">{{cite web |url=http://www.bridgestone-firestone.com/news/news_index.asp?id=2009/091113a |title=Bridgestone Americas, Inc |publisher=Bridgestone-firestone.com |date=November 13, 2009 |access-date=December 5, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091214191736/http://www.bridgestone-firestone.com/news/news_index.asp?id=2009%2F091113a |archive-date=December 14, 2009  }}</ref>

<!-- <ref name="CJO - Full Text HTML">{{cite web|url=http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayFulltext?type=1&fid=65412&jid=LVC&volumeId=12&issueId=02&aid=65411 |title=CJO – Full Text HTML |doi=10.1017/S0954394500122033 |publisher=Journals.cambridge.org |access-date=January 7, 2010}}</ref> -->

<ref name="City of Akron: News Releases 2008: BRIDGING URBAN PLACES WITH GREEN SPACES - HISTORIC TOWPATH WINDS INTO NEW TERRITORY">{{cite web|url=http://www.ci.akron.oh.us/News_Releases/2008/0822.htm |title=City of Akron: News Releases 2008: Bridging Urban Places with Green Spaces – Historic Towpath Winds into New Territory |publisher=Ci.akron.oh.us |access-date=April 3, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928044623/http://www.ci.akron.oh.us/News_Releases/2008/0822.htm |archive-date=September 28, 2011 }}</ref>

<ref name="City of Akron: News Releases 2008: STATE OF THE CITY PRESENTATION">{{cite web |url=http://www.ci.akron.oh.us/news_releases/2008/0207.htm |title=City of Akron: News Releases 2008: State of the City Presentation |publisher=Ci.akron.oh.us |access-date=January 6, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100109015625/http://www.ci.akron.oh.us/News_Releases/2008/0207.htm |archive-date=January 9, 2010 |url-status=dead  }}</ref>

<ref name="Claims to Fame - Products">{{cite web|url=http://www.epodunk.com/slogans/products.html|title=Claims to Fame – Products|publisher=[[Epodunk]]|access-date=April 16, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070408081637/http://www.epodunk.com/slogans/products.html|archive-date=April 8, 2007|url-status=dead}}</ref>

<ref name="Clark Gable - Ohio History Central - A product of the Ohio Historical Society">{{cite web |url=http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/entry.php?rec=173 |title=Clark Gable – Ohio History Central – A product of the Ohio Historical Society |publisher=Ohio History Central |access-date=April 3, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071003214917/http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/entry.php?rec=173 |archive-date=October 3, 2007 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Cleveland-Akron win bid for 2014 Gay Games">{{cite web|last=Armon |first=Rick |url=http://www.ohio.com/news/top_stories/62606392.html |title=Cleveland-Akron win bid for 2014 Gay Games |publisher=Ohio.com |access-date=September 30, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110615163303/http://www.ohio.com/news/top_stories/62606392.html |archive-date=June 15, 2011 }}</ref>

<ref name="Connect Akron Wireless Network">{{cite web |url=http://connectakron.org/map/ |title=Connect Akron Wireless Network |publisher=Connectakron.org |access-date=December 18, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091209201109/http://www.connectakron.org/map/ |archive-date=December 9, 2009 |url-status=dead  }}</ref>

<ref name="Cuyahoga Valley Scenic Railroad, Akron Northside Station In Akron, Ohio - Ohio.com">{{cite web |url=http://events.ohio.com/akron-oh/venues/show/352935-cuyahoga-valley-scenic-railroad-akron-northside-station |title=Cuyahoga Valley Scenic Railroad, Akron Northside Station In Akron, Ohio |publisher=Events.ohio.com |access-date=April 3, 2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090209072739/http://events.ohio.com/akron-oh/venues/show/352935-cuyahoga-valley-scenic-railroad-akron-northside-station |archive-date=February 9, 2009  }}</ref>

<ref name="Dance, Girl, Dance">{{cite web|url=http://www.dvdtimes.co.uk/content.php?contentid=65302 |title=Dance, Girl, Dance |publisher=DVD Times |access-date=February 9, 2010|date=July 15, 2007 }}</ref>

<ref name="Education Alternatives in Akron Ohio">{{cite web|url=http://www.akronohrealestate.net/Education.asp |title=Education Alternatives in Akron Ohio |publisher=Akronohrealestate.net |access-date=April 3, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081121214520/http://www.akronohrealestate.net/Education.asp |archive-date=November 21, 2008 }}</ref>

<ref name="F. Schumacher Milling Company">{{cite web|url=http://www.brandnamecooking.com/fschumacher.html |title=F. Schumacher Milling Company |publisher=Brandnamecooking.com |date=April 16, 1908 |access-date=January 24, 2010| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100103014601/http://www.brandnamecooking.com/fschumacher.html| archive-date= January 3, 2010 | url-status= live}}</ref>

<ref name="Ferdinand Schumacher - Ohio History Central - A product of the Ohio Historical Society2">{{cite web |url=http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/entry.php?rec=333 |title=Ferdinand Schumacher – Ohio History Central – A product of the Ohio Historical Society |publisher=Ohio History Central |date=July 1, 2005 |access-date=January 19, 2010 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110526182947/http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/entry.php?rec=333 |archive-date=May 26, 2011  }}</ref>

<ref name="First Night Akron">{{cite web|url=http://www.firstnightakron.org/ |title=First Night Akron |access-date=February 2, 2010 |year=2009 |publisher=Downtown Akron Partnership | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100130054812/http://www.firstnightakron.org/| archive-date= January 30, 2010 | url-status= live}}</ref>

<ref name="Goodyear has tentative deal to stay in Akron">{{cite web|last=Byard |first=Katie |url=http://www.ohio.com/news/top_stories/12148851.html |title=Goodyear has tentative deal to stay in Akron |publisher=Ohio.com |date=December 5, 2007 |access-date=January 24, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080829195459/http://www.ohio.com/news/top_stories/12148851.html |archive-date=August 29, 2008 }}</ref>

<ref name="Greater Akron Chamber">{{cite web |url=http://www.greaterakronchamber.org/cms/site/4dce2017cd56df64/index.html |title=Greater Akron's Competitive Advantages |publisher=Greater Akron Chamber |access-date=March 28, 2010 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090804080308/http://www.greaterakronchamber.org/cms/site/4dce2017cd56df64/index.html |archive-date=August 4, 2009  }}</ref>

<ref name="Guide to military installations">{{cite book | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=psjn3zHX4hkC&q=airship+united+states+Lakehurst&pg=PA174 | title = Guide to military installations | first = Dan | last = Cragg | edition = 6th | publisher = Stackpole Books | year = 2001 | isbn = 978-0-8117-2781-5 | page = 174 | access-date = April 8, 2009 | url-status = live | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131103170438/http://books.google.com/books?id=psjn3zHX4hkC&pg=PA174&dq=airship+united+states+Lakehurst#PPA174,M1 | archive-date = November 3, 2013 | df = mdy-all }}</ref>

<ref name="Hamburger festivals, special events have participants flipping">{{cite web |url=http://www.post-gazette.com/pg/07196/801262-34.stm |title=Hamburger festivals, special events have participants flipping |publisher=Post-gazette.com |date=July 15, 2007 |access-date=January 19, 2010 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604011824/http://www.post-gazette.com/pg/07196/801262-34.stm |archive-date=June 4, 2011  }}</ref>

<ref name="Hungry Bacteria Begins Saving Akron Money">{{cite press release|title= Hungry Bacteria Begins Saving Akron Money|url= http://ci.akron.oh.us/News_Releases/2007/1212.htm|publisher= City of Akron, Ohio|date= December 12, 2007|access-date= January 11, 2010|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100109094951/http://www.ci.akron.oh.us/News_Releases/2007/1212.htm|archive-date= January 9, 2010|url-status= dead|df= mdy-all}}</ref>

<ref name="Jason Biggs Interview, Over Her Dead Body - MoviesOnline">{{cite web|url=http://www.moviesonline.ca/movienews_13950.html |title=Jason Biggs Interview, Over Her Dead Body – MoviesOnline |publisher=Moviesonline.ca |access-date=March 25, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081230213005/http://www.moviesonline.ca/movienews_13950.html |archive-date=December 30, 2008 }}</ref>

<ref name="Ku Klux Klan - Ohio History Central - A product of the Ohio Historical Society">{{cite web |url=http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/entry.php?rec=913 |title=Ku Klux Klan – Ohio History Central – A product of the Ohio Historical Society |publisher=Ohio History Central |access-date=April 15, 2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071005070633/http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/entry.php?rec=913 |archive-date=October 5, 2007  }}</ref>

<ref name="Language Log: Wut? Wen? Wich?">{{cite web |last=Shuy |first=Roger |url=http://itre.cis.upenn.edu/~myl/languagelog/archives/003589.html |title=Language Log: Wut? Wen? Wich? |publisher=Itre.cis.upenn.edu |date=September 17, 2006 |access-date=January 7, 2010 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101216093758/http://itre.cis.upenn.edu/~myl/languagelog/archives/003589.html |archive-date=December 16, 2010  }}</ref>

<ref name="Local Television Market Universe Estimates Comparisons of 2008-09 and 2009-10 Market Ranks">{{cite web |url=http://blog.nielsen.com/nielsenwire/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/2009-2010-dma-ranks.pdf |title=Local Television Market Universe Estimates Comparisons of 2008–09 and 2009–10 Market Ranks |access-date=February 5, 2010 |year=2009 |publisher=nielsen |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110317170600/http://blog.nielsen.com/nielsenwire/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/2009-2010-dma-ranks.pdf |archive-date=March 17, 2011  }}</ref>

<ref name="Lock 3 Akron, Ohio Concerts">{{cite web|url=http://www.lock3live.com/concerts.aspx |title=Lock 3 Akron, Ohio Concerts |access-date=January 20, 2010 |publisher=City of Akron |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080828154903/http://www.lock3live.com/concerts.aspx |archive-date=August 28, 2008 }}</ref>

<ref name="M.Y.O.B. on">{{cite web |author=Cla452 Added |url=http://www.tv.com/m.y.o.b./show/174/summary.html |title=M.Y.O.B. on |publisher=Tv.com |date=July 16, 2005 |access-date=March 26, 2010 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091028065659/http://www.tv.com/m.y.o.b./show/174/summary.html |archive-date=October 28, 2009  }}</ref>

<ref name="Mobile Edition">{{cite web |last=Mackinnon |first=Jim |url=http://www.ohio.com/news/top-stories/tech-center-plans-progressing-1.130576 |title=Tech center plans progressing |publisher=Ohio.com |date=November 25, 2009 |access-date=December 5, 2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110809102206/http://www.ohio.com/news/top-stories/tech-center-plans-progressing-1.130576 |archive-date=August 9, 2011  }}</ref>

<ref name="Museum Collection: On View Now">{{cite web|url=http://www.akronartmuseum.org/musexhibitions/|title=Museum Collection: On View Now |publisher=Akron Art Museum |year=2007|access-date=January 2, 2010|quote= ...dedicated to the display of its collection, which focuses on art produced since 1850.| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100109234923/http://www.akronartmuseum.org/musexhibitions/| archive-date= January 9, 2010 | url-status= live}}</ref>

<ref name="Museum History">{{cite web |url=http://www.akronartmuseum.org/history/ |title=Museum History |publisher=Akron Art Museum |year=2007 |access-date=January 1, 2010 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091001042026/http://www.akronartmuseum.org/history/ |archive-date=October 1, 2009  }}</ref>

<ref name="NOAA">{{cite web |url=https://w2.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=cle |title=NOWData – NOAA Online Weather Data |publisher=National Weather Service |access-date=May 9, 2021}}</ref>

<!--not used
<ref name="NWS">[http://www.erh.noaa.gov/cle/climate/cak/normals/caknrtjan.html Akron/Canton Normals and Records for January.] [[National Weather Service]]. Retrieved on November 13, 2008.</ref>
-->

<ref name="National Clandestine Laboratory Register - Ohio">{{cite web |url=https://www.justice.gov/dea/seizures/oh.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100301001747/http://www.justice.gov/dea/seizures/oh.pdf |archive-date=March 1, 2010 |title=National Clandestine Laboratory Register – Ohio |date=August 19, 2009 |work=Justice.Gov |publisher=United States Department of Justice |access-date=January 7, 2010 |url-status=dead  }}Note- The list uses the mailing address for each site, so not all sites listed as being in Akron are actually within the Akron city limits but instead have an Akron [[ZIP code]]</ref>

<ref name="Newscast off air, on cable.">{{cite news|first=R.D.|last=Heldenfelds|title=Newscast off air, on cable.|url=http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-29733372_ITM|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090112075314/http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-29733372_ITM|archive-date=January 12, 2009|work=[[Akron Beacon Journal]]|publisher=[[Knight-Ridder]]|date=July 5, 2005|access-date=August 2, 2008}}</ref>

<ref name="No One Lives Forever 2: A Spy in H.A.R.M.'s Way Review for PC">{{cite web|last=Wolpaw |first=Erik |url=http://www.gamespot.com/pc/action/noonelivesforever2asihw/review.html |title=No One Lives Forever 2: A Spy in H.A.R.M.'s Way Review for PC |website=GameSpot |date=September 30, 2002 |access-date=April 28, 2009| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090506115556/http://www.gamespot.com/pc/action/noonelivesforever2asihw/review.html| archive-date= May 6, 2009 | url-status= live}}</ref>

<ref name="No One Lives Forever 2: A Spy in HARM's Way Review">{{cite web |url=http://www.gamesfirst.com/?id=744 |title=No One Lives Forever 2: A Spy in HARM's Way Review |access-date=February 5, 2010 |last=Allen |first=Todd |work=GamesFirst! |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110528085023/http://www.gamesfirst.com/?id=744 |archive-date=May 28, 2011  }}</ref>

<ref name="Nolan N. Guzzetta Miniature Sculpture, (sculpture)">{{cite web |url=http://siris-artinventories.si.edu/ipac20/ipac.jsp?uri=full=3100001~!336076!0#focus |title=Nolan N. Guzzetta Miniature Sculpture, (sculpture) |publisher=Siris-artinventories.si.edu |date=May 18, 1976 |access-date=February 9, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120314080526/http://siris-artinventories.si.edu/ipac20/ipac.jsp?uri=full=3100001~!336076!0#focus |archive-date=March 14, 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Ohio Building Authority - Ocasek Building">{{cite web |url=http://oba.ohio.gov/html/ocasek.htm |title=Ohio Building Authority – Ocasek Building |access-date=July 9, 2009 |author=Mark |date=July 6, 1999 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090514002415/http://oba.ohio.gov/html/ocasek.htm |archive-date=May 14, 2009  }}</ref>

<ref name="Ohio Curiosities: Quirky Characters ... - Google Books">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=otF3cU8kmqIC&q=cone&pg=PA81 |title=Ohio Curiosities: Quirky Characters ... |date=August 8, 2007 |access-date=January 21, 2010 |isbn=978-0-7627-4344-5 |last1=Gurvis |first1=Sandra |publisher=Globe Pequot Press }}{{Dead link|date=August 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

<ref name="Ohio foreclosure prompts suicide attempt">{{cite web |last=Grevatt |first=Martha |url=http://www.workers.org/2008/us/ohio_1016/ |title=Ohio foreclosure prompts suicide attempt |publisher=Workers.org |date=October 9, 2008 |access-date=January 30, 2010 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100111105748/http://www.workers.org/2008/us/ohio_1016/ |archive-date=January 11, 2010  }}</ref>

<ref name="On the brink: Akron - Transitioning from rubber to polymers buoys economy">{{cite news | first=Mark | last=Niquette | title=On the brink: Akron – Transitioning from rubber to polymers buoys economy | date=December 5, 2007 | url=http://www.dispatch.com/live/content/local_news/stories/2007/12/05/AKRON.ART_ART_12-05-07_A1_0H8LORS.html#story-continues | archive-url=https://archive.today/20130122002158/http://www.dispatch.com/live/content/local_news/stories/2007/12/05/AKRON.ART_ART_12-05-07_A1_0H8LORS.html%23story-continues |archive-date=January 22, 2013| url-status=dead| work=The Columbus Dispatch | access-date=February 2, 2010 }}</ref>

<ref name="Police Technology">{{cite web |url=http://inventors.about.com/od/fstartinventions/a/forensic_3.htm |title=Police Technology |publisher=Inventors.about.com |date=April 3, 2008 |access-date=August 15, 2009|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130116034254/http://inventors.about.com/od/fstartinventions/a/forensic_3.htm|archive-date=January 16, 2013}}</ref>

<ref name="PopikSmoky">Barry Popik, [http://www.barrypopik.com/index.php/new_york_city/entry/summary12/ Smoky City] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080526083030/http://www.barrypopik.com/index.php/new_york_city/entry/summary12/ |date=May 26, 2008 }}, barrypopik.com website, March 27, 2005</ref>

<ref name="Preliminary Ohio Crime Statistics for 2007">{{cite web|url=http://www.funkhouserlaw.com/news-content.cfm/Article/116266/Preliminary-Ohio-Crime-Statistics-for.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081119124937/http://www.funkhouserlaw.com/news-content.cfm/Article/116266/Preliminary-Ohio-Crime-Statistics-for.html|archive-date=November 19, 2008 |title=Preliminary Ohio Crime Statistics for 2007 |publisher=Funkhouserlaw.com |date=June 2, 2008 |access-date=April 3, 2009}}</ref>

<ref name="Solar panels make Akron's new transit center a leader in Ohio">{{cite web |url= http://blog.cleveland.com/metro/2008/12/solar_panels_make_akrons_new_t.html|title= Solar panels make Akron's new transit center a leader in Ohio|access-date=March 16, 2009|work=[[The Plain Dealer]]|date=December 31, 2008| archive-url= https://archive.today/20090309130946/http://blog.cleveland.com/metro/2008/12/solar_panels_make_akrons_new_t.html| archive-date= March 9, 2009 | url-status= live}}</ref>

<ref name="Summa Health System - Hospital Rankings">{{cite web |url=http://www.summahealth.org/common/templates/contentindex.asp?ID=9565 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060524214119/http://www.summahealth.org/common/templates/contentindex.asp?ID=9565 |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 24, 2006 |title=Summa Health System – Hospital Rankings |publisher=Summahealth.org |access-date=July 5, 2009 }}</ref>

<ref name="Summa Health System - Locations">{{cite web |url=http://www.summahealth.org/common/templates/contentindex.asp?ID=456 |title=Summa Health System – Locations |publisher=Summahealth.org |access-date=April 3, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090503001726/http://www.summahealth.org/common/templates/contentindex.asp?ID=456 |archive-date=May 3, 2009  }}</ref>

<ref name="Summa Health System - Summa Celebrates 11th Consecutive Year on U.S. New">{{cite web|url=https://ssl.summahealth.org/common/templates/article.asp?ID=13043|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728071210/https://ssl.summahealth.org/common/templates/article.asp?ID=13043|archive-date=July 28, 2011 |title=Summa Health System – Summa Celebrates 11th Consecutive Year on U.S. New |publisher=Ssl.summahealth.org |date=July 11, 2008 |access-date=July 5, 2009}}</ref>

<ref name="Summit County has third most methamphetamine sites in U.S">{{cite web |last=Armon |first=Rick |url=http://www.ohio.com/news/summit-county-has-third-most-methamphetamine-sites-in-u-s-1.111446 |title=Summit County has third most methamphetamine sites in U.S |publisher=Ohio.com |date=September 5, 2008 |access-date=April 3, 2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110809102036/http://www.ohio.com/news/summit-county-has-third-most-methamphetamine-sites-in-u-s-1.111446 |archive-date=August 9, 2011  }}</ref>

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<ref name="The Life and Death of Pretty Boy Floyd">{{cite book |author=Jeffery S. King |title=The Life and Death of Pretty Boy Floyd |publisher=Kent State University Press |location=Kent, Ohio |year=1999 |page=33 |isbn=978-0-87338-650-0 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6ADHZnyv9FIC&q=%22frank%20mitchell%22%20%22pretty%20boy%20floyd%22%20akron&pg=PA33 |access-date=January 3, 2010}}</ref>

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<ref name="The music of what happens: poems, poets, critics">{{cite book |last=Vendler |first=Helen Hennessy |author-link=Helen Vendler |title=The music of what happens: poems, poets, critics |publisher=Harvard University Press |year=1988 |page=[https://archive.org/details/musicofwhathappe0000vend/page/448 448] |url=https://archive.org/details/musicofwhathappe0000vend |url-access=registration |quote=Thomas and Beulah akron. |isbn=978-0-674-59152-3}}</ref>

<ref name="This Founders' Day marks A.A. milestones">{{cite web |last=Carney |first=Jim |url=http://www.ohio.com/news/this-founders-day-marks-a-a-milestones-1.127962 |title=This Founders' Day marks A.A. milestones |publisher=Ohio.com |date=June 11, 2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110809102138/http://www.ohio.com/news/this-founders-day-marks-a-a-milestones-1.127962 |archive-date=August 9, 2011 |access-date=January 20, 2010}}</ref>

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<ref name="raids">{{cite web |last=Armon |first=Rick |url=http://www.ohio.com/news/39629712.html |title=Meth lab raids jump 42% in Summit |publisher=Ohio.com |date=February 15, 2009 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090321113303/http://www.ohio.com/news/39629712.html |archive-date= March 21, 2009 |url-status=live |access-date=April 3, 2009}}</ref>

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==Further reading==
* Joyce Dyer, ''Gum-Dipped: A Daughter Remembers Rubber Town.'' Akron: [[University of Akron Press]], 2003.
* Kathleen Endres, ''Akron's Better Half: Women's Clubs and the Humanization of a City, 1825–1925,'' Akron: University of Akron Press, 2006.
* Kathleen L. Endres, Rosie the Rubber Worker: Women Workers in Akron's Rubber Factories during World War II. Kent: Kent State University Press, 2000
* Jack Gieck, A Photo Album of Ohio's Canal Era, 1825–1913, Revised Edition. Kent: Kent State University Press, 1992
* Jack Gieck, Early Akron's Industrial Valley: A History of the Cascade Locks. Kent: Kent State University Press, 2008
* Alfred Winslow Jones, ''Life, Liberty, & Property: A Story of Conflict and a Measurement of Conflicting Rights.'' Akron: University of Akron Press, 1999.
* S. A. Lane, ''Fifty Years and Over of Akron and Summit County.'' Akron, 1892.
* S. Love and David Giffels, ''Wheels of Fortune: The Story of Rubber in Akron, Ohio.'' Akron: University of Akron Press, 1998.
* S. Love, Ian Adams, and Barney Taxel, ''Stan Hywet Hall & Gardens.'' Akron: University of Akron Press, 2000.
* F. McGovern, ''Written on the Hills: The Making of the Akron Landscape.'' Akron: University of Akron Press, 1996.
* F. McGovern, ''Fun, Cheap, and Easy: My Life in Ohio Politics, 1949–1964.'' Akron: University of Akron Press, 2002.
* Russ Musarra and Chuck Ayers, ''Walks around Akron.'' Akron: University of Akron Press, 2007.
* Oscar E. Olin, et al., ''A Centennial History of Akron, 1825–1925.'' Summit County Historical Society, 1925.
* John S. Reese, Guide Book for the Tourist and Traveler over the Valley Railway, Revised Edition. Kent: Kent State University Press, 2002
* Akron Chamber of Commerce Year Book, (1913–14)

==External links==
{{Sister project links|voy=Akron|Akron, Ohio}}
* [https://www.akronohio.gov/ City of Akron official website]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060526150352/http://www.akronhistory.org/ History of Akron and Summit County]
* {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2gq4xo__iPMC&q=Akron+school+plan+1848&pg=PA68 |title=Balanced in the wind: a biography of ... |date= June 1989|access-date=January 21, 2010|isbn=978-0-8387-5154-1|last1=Geary |first1=Linda L. |publisher=Bucknell University Press }}
* {{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/compendia/statab/2011/tables/11s0020.xls |archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20120210202804/http://www.census.gov/compendia/statab/2011/tables/11s0020.xls |url-status=dead |archive-date=February 10, 2012 |title=Table 1. Annual Estimates of the Population of Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2009 (CBSA-EST2009-01) |format=[[comma-separated values|CSV]] |work=2009 Population Estimates |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]], Population Division |date=March 23, 2010 |access-date=March 24, 2010 }}
* {{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/estimates/metropop/2005/cbsa-01-fmt.csv|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061015002150/http://www.census.gov/population/www/estimates/metropop/2005/cbsa-01-fmt.csv|url-status=dead|archive-date=October 15, 2006|title=US Census 2000 est}}

{{Summit County, Ohio}}
{{All-America City Award Hall of Fame}}
{{Ohio}}
{{Great Lakes Megalopolis}}
{{Ohio county seats}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Akron, Ohio| ]]
[[Category:Cities in Ohio]]
[[Category:Cities in Summit County, Ohio]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1825]]
[[Category:County seats in Ohio]]
[[Category:Western Reserve, Ohio]]