Editing Agricultural Marketing Act of 1929

{{Short description|United States federal law}}
{{refimprove|date=December 2013}}
{{Infobox U.S. legislation
| shorttitle        = Agricultural Marketing Act
| othershorttitles  = Agricultural Marketing Act of 1929
| longtitle         = An Act to establish a federal farm board to promote the effective merchandising of agricultural commodities in interstate and foreign commerce, and to place agriculture on a basis of economic equality with other industries.
| colloquialacronym = AMA
| nickname          = Farm Relief Bill
| enacted by        = 71st
| effective date    = June 15, 1929
| public law url    = 
| cite public law   = {{USPL|71|10}}
| cite statutes at large = {{USStat|46|11}}
| acts amended    = 
| acts repealed   = 
| title amended   = <!--US code titles changed-->
| sections created = <!--{{USC}} can be used-->
| sections amended = 
| leghisturl      = 
| introducedin    = House
| introducedbill  = {{USbill|71|H.R.|1}}
| introducedby    = [[Gilbert N. Haugen]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|R]]–[[Iowa|IA]])
| introduceddate  = April 17, 1929
| committees      = 
| passedbody1     = House
| passeddate1     = April 25, 1929
| passedvote1     = [http://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/71-1/h2 365-35]
| passedbody2     = Senate
| passedas2       = <!-- used if the second body changes the name of the legislation -->
| passeddate2     = May 14, 1929
| passedvote2     = [http://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/71-1/s8 54-33]
| conferencedate  = June 13, 1929
| passedbody3     = House
| passeddate3     = June 13, 1929
| passedvote3     = [http://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/71-1/h13 250-113]
| agreedbody3     = <!-- used when the other body agrees without going into committee -->
| agreeddate3     = <!-- used when the other body agrees without going into committee -->
| agreedvote3     = <!-- used when the other body agrees without going into committee -->
| agreedbody4     = <!-- used if agreedbody3 further amends legislation -->
| agreeddate4     = <!-- used if agreedbody3 further amends legislation -->
| agreedvote4     = <!-- used if agreedbody3 further amends legislation -->
| passedbody4     = Senate
| passeddate4     = June 14, 1929
| passedvote4     = [http://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/71-1/s29 74-8]
| signedpresident = [[Herbert Hoover]]
| signeddate      = June 15, 1929
| unsignedpresident = <!-- used when passed without presidential signing -->
| unsigneddate    = <!-- used when passed without presidential signing -->
| vetoedpresident = <!-- used when passed by overriding presidential veto -->
| vetoeddate      = <!-- used when passed by overriding presidential veto -->
| overriddenbody1 = <!-- used when passed by overriding presidential veto -->
| overriddendate1 = <!-- used when passed by overriding presidential veto -->
| overriddenvote1 = <!-- used when passed by overriding presidential veto -->
| overriddenbody2 = <!-- used when passed by overriding presidential veto -->
| overriddendate2 = <!-- used when passed by overriding presidential veto -->
| overriddenvote2 = <!-- used when passed by overriding presidential veto -->
| amendments      = 
| SCOTUS cases    = 
}}

[[File:Hoover signing Fam. Bill LCCN2016843815.jpg|thumb|upright=1.5|President Herbert Hoover signs the Farm Relief Bill (June 15, 1929)]]
The '''Agricultural Marketing Act of 1929''', under the administration of [[Herbert Hoover]], established the [[Federal Farm Board]] from the Federal Farm Loan Board established by the [[Federal Farm Loan Act]] of 1916 with a revolving fund of half a billion dollars.<ref>[http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/GPO-CDOC-105sdoc24/html/ch4.html Chapter 4: Crisis and Activism: 1929-1940], [[United States Government Printing Office]]</ref> The original act was sponsored by Hoover in an attempt to stop the downward spiral of crop prices by seeking to buy, sell and store agricultural surpluses or by generously lending money to farm organizations. Money was lent out to the farmers in order to buy seed and food for the livestock, which was especially important since there had previously been a drought in the Democratic South. However, Hoover refused to lend to the farmers themselves, as he thought that it would be unconstitutional to do so and if they were lent money, they would become dependent on government money.

==Effects==
The Federal Farm Board's purchase of surplus could not keep up with the production; as farmers realized that they could just sell the government their crops, they reimplemented the use of fertilizers and other techniques to increase production. Overall, the deflation could not be countered because of a massive fault in the bill: there was no production limit. Had there been a production limit, the deflation might have been helped somewhat. The funds appropriated were eventually exhausted and the losses of the farmers kept rising.

The H.R. 1 [[legislation]] was passed by the 71st Congressional session and enacted by the 31st President of the United States Herbert Hoover on June 15, 1929.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=21829 |title = Herbert Hoover: "Statement on the Enactment of the Farm Relief Bill and on Plans for the Federal Farm Board.," June 15, 1929 |author1= Gerhard Peters |author2 = John T. Woolley |publisher = University of California - Santa Barbara |work = The American Presidency Project|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304204457/http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=21829 |archive-date = 2016-03-04 }}</ref>

The Act was the precursor to the [[Agricultural Adjustment Act]].

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{cite web |url= http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=21831 |title= Herbert Hoover: "Letter to the Speaker of the House Recommending Appropriations for the Federal Farm Board.," June 17, 1929 |author1=Peters, Gerhard |author2=Woolley, John T |publisher = University of California - Santa Barbara |work= The American Presidency Project}}
* {{cite web |url= http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=21940 |title= Herbert Hoover: "Executive Order 5200, Transferring the Division of Cooperative Marketing to the Federal Farm Board.," October 1, 1929 |author1=Peters, Gerhard |author2=Woolley, John T |publisher = University of California - Santa Barbara |work= The American Presidency Project}}

{{Herbert Hoover}}
{{US farm acts}}

[[Category:United States federal agriculture legislation]]
[[Category:1929 in American law]]
[[Category:Agricultural marketing in the United States]]


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