Editing Acer platanoides

{{short description|Species of flowering plant in the soapberry family Sapindaceae}}
{{distinguish|Acer pseudoplatanus}}
{{Speciesbox
| name = Norway maple
| image = Spitz-Ahorn(mbo).jpg
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref name="iucn status 12 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=Crowley, D. |author2=Barstow, M. |date=2017 |title=''Acer platanoides'' |volume=2017 |page=e.T193853A2286184 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T193853A2286184.en |access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref>
| genus = Acer
| parent = Acer sect. Platanoidea
| species = platanoides
| authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
| range_map = Acer platanoides range.svg
| range_map_caption = Distribution map (native [[habitat]])
| synonyms_ref =
| synonyms =
{{collapsible list|bullets = true
|''Acer cappadocicum'' subsp. ''turkestanicum'' <small>(Pax) A.E.Murray</small>
|''Acer dieckii'' <small>(Pax) Pax</small>
|''Acer dieckii'' f. ''integrilobum'' <small>Schwer.</small>
|''Acer dieckii'' f. ''monstrosum'' <small>Schwer.</small>
|''Acer fallax'' <small>Pax</small>
|''Acer laciniatum'' <small>Borkh. ex Tratt.</small>
|''Acer lactescens'' <small>Pers.</small>
|''Acer laetum'' var. ''cordifolium'' <small>R.Uechtr. & Sint.</small>
|''Acer lobelii'' var. ''dieckii'' <small>Pax</small>
|''Acer lobergii'' <small>Dippel</small>
|''Acer palmatifidum'' <small>Tausch ex Steud.</small>
|''Acer platanifolium'' <small>Stokes</small>
|''Acer reitenbachii'' <small>Dippel</small>
|''Acer rotundum'' <small>Dulac</small>
|''Acer schwedleri'' <small>K.Koch</small>
|''Acer vitifolium'' <small>Opiz ex Tausch.</small>
|''Euacer acutifolium'' <small>Opiz</small>
|''Euacer platanoides'' <small>(L.) Opiz</small>
|''Acer lipskyi'' <small>Rehder ex Lipsky</small>
|''Acer pseudolaetum'' <small>Radde-Fom.</small>
|''Acer turkestanicum'' <small>Pax</small>
}}
}}

'''''Acer platanoides''''', commonly known as the '''Norway maple''', is a species of [[maple]] native to eastern and central Europe and western Asia, from [[Spain]] east to [[Russia]], north to southern [[Scandinavia]] and southeast to northern [[Iran]].<ref name=BSBI07>{{BSBI 2007 |access-date=2014-10-17}}</ref><ref>[http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/cgi-bin/nph-readbtree.pl/feout?FAMILY_XREF=&GENUS_XREF=Acer&SPECIES_XREF=platanoides&TAXON_NAME_XREF=&RANK= Flora Europaea: ''Acer platanoides'' distribution]</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110605183322/http://linnaeus.nrm.se/flora/di/acera/acer/acerplav.jpg Den virtuella floran: ''Acer platanoides'' distribution]</ref> It was introduced to North America in the mid-1700s as a [[shade tree]].<ref name=NorthAmer /> It is a member of the family [[Sapindaceae]].

== Description ==
''Acer platanoides'' is a [[deciduous]] tree, growing to {{convert|20|-|30|m|ft|round=5|abbr=on}} tall with a trunk up to {{convert|1.5|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} in diameter, and a broad, rounded [[crown (botany)|crown]]. The [[Bark (botany)|bark]] is grey-brown and shallowly grooved. Unlike many other maples, mature trees do not tend to develop a shaggy bark. The shoots are green at first, soon becoming pale brown. The winter buds are shiny red-brown.

The [[leaf|leaves]] are [[opposite leaf|opposite]], [[palmately lobed]] with five lobes, {{convert|7|-|14|cm|in|frac=4|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|8|-|25|cm|in|frac=4|abbr=on}} across; the lobes each bear one to three side teeth, and an otherwise smooth margin.{{cn|date=September 2021}} The leaf [[petiole (botany)|petiole]] is {{convert|8|-|20|cm|in|frac=4|abbr=on}} long, and secretes a milky juice when broken. The autumn colour is usually yellow, occasionally orange-red.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.columbia.edu/itc/cerc/danoff-burg/invasion_bio/inv_spp_summ/Acer_platanoides.html|title=Introduced Species Summary Project: Norway Maple (Acer platanoides)|access-date=September 30, 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180909081807/http://www.columbia.edu/itc/cerc/danoff-burg/invasion_bio/inv_spp_summ/Acer_platanoides.html|archive-date=2018-09-09 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/st028|title=Acer platanoides|access-date=September 30, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://plantfacts.osu.edu/tmi/Plantlist/ac_oides.html|title=Acer platanoides|access-date=September 30, 2018}}</ref>

[[File:Acer platanoides flower kz.jpg| thumb|Flower, close-up]]
The flowers are in [[corymb]]s of 15–30 together, yellow to yellow-green with five sepals and five petals {{convert|3|-|4|mm|in|frac=16|abbr=on}} long; flowering occurs in early spring before the new leaves emerge. The fruit is a double [[Samara (fruit)|samara]] with two winged [[seed]]s. the seeds are disc-shaped, strongly flattened, {{convert|10|-|15|mm|in|frac=8|abbr=on}} across and {{convert|3|mm|in|frac=16|abbr=on}} thick. The wings are {{convert|3|-|5|cm|in|frac=4|abbr=on}} long, widely spread, approaching a 180° angle. It typically produces a large quantity of viable seeds.

Under ideal conditions in its native range, Norway maple may live up to 250 years, but often has a much shorter life expectancy; in North America, for example, sometimes only 60 years. Especially when used on streets, it can have insufficient space for its root network and is prone to the roots wrapping around themselves, girdling and killing the tree. In addition, their roots tend to be quite shallow and thereby they easily out-compete nearby plants for nutrient uptake.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://devostree.ca/tree-week-norway-maple-acer-platanoides/|title=Norway Maple (Acer platanoides)|date=Feb 12, 2018|website=www.devostree.ca|access-date=June 6, 2018}}</ref> Norway maples often cause significant damage and cleanup costs for municipalities and homeowners when branches break off in storms as they do not have strong wood.<ref name=rushforth>{{cite book |last=Rushforth |first=K |date=1999 |title=Trees of Britain and Europe |publisher=Collins |isbn=978-0-00-220013-4 }}</ref><ref name=afm>{{cite book |last=Mitchell |first=AF |date=1974 |title=A Field Guide to the Trees of Britain and Northern Europe |publisher=Collins |isbn=978-0-00-212035-7}}</ref>

{{Gallery
|2020 year. Herbarium. Acer platanoides. img-001.jpg|Leaf, adaxial side
|2020 year. Herbarium. Acer platanoides. img-002.jpg|Leaf, abaxial side
|2020 year. Herbarium. Acer platanoides. img-032.jpg|Fruit
}}

== Classification and identification ==
[[File:Ahorn bluehend2.JPG| thumb|Tree in flower]]
[[File:Norway-maple-bark.jpg|thumb|Bark]]

The Norway maple is a member (and is the [[type species]]) of the section ''Platanoidea'' Pax, characterised by flattened, disc-shaped seeds and the shoots and leaves containing milky sap. Other related species in this section include ''[[Acer campestre]]'' (field maple), ''[[Acer cappadocicum]]'' (Cappadocian maple), ''[[Acer lobelii]]'' (Lobel's maple), and ''[[Acer truncatum]]'' (Shandong maple). From the field maple, the Norway maple is distinguished by its larger leaves with pointed, not blunt, lobes, and from the other species by the presence of one or more teeth on all of the lobes.<ref name=rushforth /><ref name=afm />

It is also frequently confused with the more distantly related ''[[Acer saccharum]]'' (sugar maple). The sugar maple is easy to differentiate by clear sap in the [[Petiole (botany)|petiole]] (leaf stem); Norway maple petioles have white sap.{{citation needed|date=November 2022}} The tips of the points on Norway maple leaves reduce to a fine "hair", while the tips of the points on sugar maple leaves are, on close inspection, rounded. On mature trees, sugar maple bark is more shaggy, while Norway maple bark has small, often criss-crossing grooves.{{citation needed|date=November 2022}} While the shape and angle of leaf lobes vary somewhat within all maple species, the leaf lobes of Norway maple tend to have a more triangular (acuminate) shape, in contrast to the more finely toothed lobes of sugar maples, that narrow towards the base.<ref name=Stace/>{{rp|397}} Flowering and seed production begins at ten years of age; however, large quantities of seeds are not produced until the tree is 20. The Norway maple is [[Sequential hermaphroditism|heterodichogamous]]—meaning there are both protogynous and protandrous trees (and, more rarely, duodichogamous trees)—and individual trees may change sexual expression from year to year.<ref>{{cite journal
|last1       = Liesebach
|first1      = Heike
|last2       = Schneck
|first2      = Dagmar
|date        = 2022
|title       = Flowering behavior of clones in a Norway maple (Acer platanoides) seed orchard and mating system analysis using nuclear SSR markers
|url         = https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10342-022-01459-3
|journal     =  European Journal of Forest Research
|volume      = 141
|pages       = 561–569
|doi         = 10.1007/s10342-022-01459-3
|access-date = March 31, 2025
|doi-access= free
}}</ref><ref>{{cite thesis
|last        = de Jong
|first       = P. C. 
|date        = 1976
|title       = Flowering and Sex Expression in Acer L.: a Biosystematic Study
|url         = https://www.proquest.com/openview/8eb51faf401cecf59eda6d296a9ebb9e/1
|degree      = Doctor in de Landbouwwetenschappen
|location    = Wageningen University
|access-date = March 31, 2025
}}</ref>

The fruits of Norway maple are paired [[samara (fruit)|samaras]] with widely diverging wings,<ref name=Stace>{{cite book|last=Stace|first=C.A.|year=2019|title=New flora of the British Isles|edition=Fourth|publisher=C. & M. Logistics Press|location = Suffolk, U.K.| isbn=9781527226302}}</ref>{{rp|395}} distinguishing them from those of sycamore, ''Acer pseudoplatanus'', which are at 90 degrees to each other.<ref name=Stace /> Norway maple seeds are flattened, while those of sugar maple are globose.{{citation needed|date=March 2016}} The sugar maple usually has a brighter orange autumn color, where the Norway maple is usually yellow, although some of the red-leaved cultivars appear more orange.
[[File:Acer platanoides in autumn colors.JPG|thumb|Norway maple in autumn]]
The flowers emerge in spring before the leaves and last 2-3 weeks. [[Leaf flushing|Leafout]] of Norway maple occurs roughly when air temperatures reach 55°F (12°C) and there is at least 13 hours of daylight. Leaf drop in autumn is initiated when day lengths fall to approximately 10 hours. Depending on the latitude, leaf drop may vary by as much as three weeks, beginning in the second week of October in Scandinavia and the first week of November in southern Europe. Unlike some other maples that wait for the soil to warm up, ''A. platanoides'' seeds require only three months of exposure to temperatures lower than {{convert|40|F|C|order=flip}} and will sprout in early spring, around the same time that leafout begins. Norway maple does not require freezing temperatures for proper growth; however, it is adapted to higher latitudes with long summer days and does not perform well when planted south of the 37th parallel, the approximate southern limit of its range in Europe. Further, most North American Norway maples are believed descended from stock brought from Germany, at approximately 48°N to 54°N, not the more southerly ecotypes found in Italy and the Balkans that evolved for similar lighting conditions as the continental United States. The heavy seed crop and high germination rate contributes to its invasiveness in North America, where it forms dense monotypic stands that choke out native vegetation. The tree is also capable of growing in low lighting conditions within a forest canopy, leafs out earlier than most North American maple species, and its growing season tends to run longer as the lighting conditions of the United States (see above) result in fall dormancy occurring later than it does in the higher latitude of Europe. It is one of the few introduced species that can successfully invade and colonize a virgin forest. By comparison, in its native range, Norway maple is rarely a dominant species and instead occurs mostly as a scattered understory tree.<ref name=rushforth /><ref name=afm />

== Cultivation and uses ==
[[File:Acer platanoides 1aJPG.jpg| thumb|Foliage and fruits; the fruit are an important characteristic for identification of this species]]

The wood is hard, yellowish-white to pale reddish, with the heartwood not distinct; it is used for furniture and [[woodturning]].<ref name=vedel>{{cite book |last1=Vedel |first1=H. |last2=Lange |first2=J. |date=1960 |title=Trees and bushes in wood and hedgerow |publisher=Metheun & Co. Ltd. |location=London, U.K. |isbn=978-0-416-61780-1 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/treesbushesinwoo0000vede }}</ref> Norway maple sits ambiguously between hard and soft maple with a [[Janka hardness test|Janka hardness]] of {{convert|1,010|lbf|N|abbr=on|disp=or}}. The wood is rated as non-durable to perishable in regard to decay resistance.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wood-database.com/wood-articles/differences-between-hard-maple-and-soft-maple/|title=Differences Between Hard Maple and Soft Maple, The Wood Database}}</ref> In Europe, it is used for furniture, flooring and musical instruments, especially for [[Violin making and maintenance#Making violins|violins]].

Norway maple has been widely taken into cultivation in other areas, including western Europe northwest of its native range. It grows north of the [[Arctic Circle]] at [[Tromsø]], [[Norway]]. In North America, it is planted as a street and shade tree as far north as [[Anchorage, Alaska]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://treesneartheirlimitsalaska.blogspot.in/|title=Trees Near Their Limits – Alaska}}</ref> In [[Ontario]], it is common in cultivation north to [[Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario|Sault Ste. Marie]] and [[Greater Sudbury|Sudbury]]; although not considered reliably hardy northward, it has been established at [[Kapuskasing]] and [[Iroquois Falls]], and even at [[Moose Factory]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://inaturalist.ca/observations/82480319|title = Norway Maple (Acer platanoides)|date = 10 June 2021}}</ref> It is most recommended in [[USDA hardiness zones|USDA Hardiness Zones]] 4 to 7 but will grow in warmer zones (at least up to Zone 10) where summer heat is moderate, as along the Pacific coast south to the [[Los Angeles basin]]. They tend to prefer wetter Oceanic climates. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220727133551/https://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/pubs/jrnl/1990/ne_1990_nowak_003.pdf History and Range of Norway Maple]</ref> During the 1950s–60s it became popular as a street tree due to the large-scale loss of [[American elm]]s from [[Dutch elm disease]].{{cn|date=August 2018}}

It is favored due to its tall trunk and tolerance of poor, compacted [[soil]]s and urban pollution, conditions in which the [[sugar maple]] has difficulty. It has become a popular species for [[bonsai]] in Europe, and is used for medium to large bonsai sizes and a multitude of styles.<ref name="Ma-Ke_Acer platanoides ">{{cite web | first=Mark | last=D'Cruz | title=Ma-Ke Bonsai Care Guide for ''Acer platanoides'' | publisher=Ma-Ke Bonsai | url=http://makebonsai.com/guide/bonsailink.asp?quicklink=5038&name=Acer_platanoides | access-date=2011-07-05 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714022850/http://www.makebonsai.com/guide/bonsailink.asp?quicklink=5038&name=Acer_platanoides | archive-date=14 July 2011 | url-status=dead }}</ref> Norway maples are not typically cultivated for maple syrup production due to the lower sugar content of the sap compared to sugar maple.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://extensionpubs.osu.edu/north-american-maple-syrup-producers-manual-pdf/|title=North American Maple Syrup Producers Manual |website=The Ohio State University College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences|access-date=27 August 2018}}</ref>

== Cultivars ==
Many [[cultivar]]s have been selected for distinctive leaf shapes or colorations, such as the dark purple of 'Crimson King' and 'Schwedleri', the variegated leaves of 'Drummondii', the light green of 'Emerald Queen', and the deeply divided, feathery leaves of 'Dissectum' and 'Lorbergii'. The purple-foliage cultivars have orange to red autumn colour. 'Columnare' is selected for its narrow upright growth.<ref name=afm /><ref name=rhs>{{cite book |last=Huxley |first=A. |date=1992 |title=New RHS Dictionary of Gardening |publisher=Macmillan |isbn=978-0-333-47494-5 }}</ref> The cultivars 'Crimson King'<ref>{{cite web|title=RHS Plant Selector – ''Acer platanoides'' 'Crimson King'|url=https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/89715/Acer-platanoides-Crimson-King/Details | access-date=23 February 2020}}</ref>  and 'Prigold' ({{tdes|'''Princeton Gold'''}})<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/117421/Acer-platanoides-Princeton-Gold-Prigo-(PBR)/Details | title = ''Acer platanoides'' Princeton Gold='Prigo' (PBR)| access-date=29 December 2017}}</ref> have gained the [[Royal Horticultural Society]]'s [[Award of Garden Merit]].

=== As an invasive species in North America ===
[[File:Feral-Norway-maple-Philadelphia.jpg|thumb|Feral Norway maple in Philadelphia.]]
The Norway maple was introduced to northeastern North America between 1750 and 1760 as an ornamental shade tree. It was brought to the Pacific Northwest in the 1870s.<ref name=NorthAmer>{{cite web |url=http://www.columbia.edu/itc/cerc/danoff-burg/invasion_bio/inv_spp_summ/Acer_platanoides_2.htm |title=Introduced Species Summary Project: Norway maple (''Acer platanoides'') |last=Love |first=R |date=2003 |website=Columbia University |access-date=27 August 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160821204339/http://www.columbia.edu/itc/cerc/danoff-burg/invasion_bio/inv_spp_summ/Acer_platanoides_2.htm|archive-date=2016-08-21 }}</ref> Today, Norway maples tend to be most common in the Pacific Northwest, in southern Ontario, and along the Kennebec river in southern Maine. The roots of Norway maples grow very close to the ground surface, starving other plants of moisture. For example, lawn grass (and even weeds) will usually not grow well beneath a Norway maple, but [[Hedera helix|English ivy]], with its minimal rooting needs, may thrive. In addition, the dense canopy of Norway maples can inhibit [[understory]] growth.<ref name="Shannon L. Galbraith-Kent and Steven N. Handel 2008 293–302">{{cite journal | doi = 10.1111/j.1365-2745.2007.01337.x |author1=Shannon L. Galbraith-Kent |author2=Steven N. Handel | journal = Journal of Ecology | title = Invasive ''Acer platanoides'' inhibits native sapling growth in forest understorey communities | volume = 96 | pages = 293–302 | issue=2| year = 2008| doi-access = free |bibcode=2008JEcol..96..293G }}</ref> Some have suggested Norway maples may also release chemicals to discourage undergrowth,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://treetesting.com/Controlling_Invasive_Plants.pdf |title=Controlling Invasive Plants}}</ref> although this claim is controversial.<ref name="Shannon L. Galbraith-Kent and Steven N. Handel 2008 293–302" /> ''A. platanoides'' has been shown to inhibit the growth of native saplings as a canopy tree or as a sapling.<ref name="Shannon L. Galbraith-Kent and Steven N. Handel 2008 293–302" /> The Norway maple also suffers less [[herbivory]] than the sugar maple, allowing it to gain a competitive advantage against the latter species.<ref>{{cite journal | title = Testing the enemy release hypothesis: a comparison of foliar insect herbivory of the exotic Norway maple (''Acer platanoides'' L.) and the native sugar maple (''A. saccharum'' L.) | journal = Biological Invasions |author1=C. L. Cincotta |author2=J. M. Adams |author3=C. Holzapfel | year = 2009 | doi = 10.1007/s10530-008-9255-9 | url = http://newarkbioweb.rutgers.edu/Holzapfel%20Lab/Main%20Pages/People/people%20pages/Claus/claus%20pdf/8402%20Cincotta%20Norway%20Maple%20BioInv.%202008.pdf | volume=11 | issue = 2 | pages=379–388| bibcode = 2009BiInv..11..379C | s2cid = 45919084 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100710174850/http://newarkbioweb.rutgers.edu/Holzapfel%20Lab/Main%20Pages/People/people%20pages/Claus/claus%20pdf/8402%20Cincotta%20Norway%20Maple%20BioInv.%202008.pdf| archive-date = 2010-07-10 }}</ref> As a result of these characteristics, it is considered [[invasive species|invasive]] in some states,<ref>{{cite web | title=Norway Maple | url=http://www.nps.gov/plants/alien/pubs/midatlantic/acpl.htm | author=Swearingen, J. |author2=Reshetiloff, K. |author3=Slattery, B. |author4=Zwicker, S. | year=2002 | work=Plant Invaders of Mid-Atlantic Natural Areas | publisher=National Park Service and U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20030317025056/http://www.nps.gov/plants/alien/pubs/midatlantic/acpl.htm| archive-date=2003-03-17 }}</ref> and has been banned for sale in [[New Hampshire]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Invasive Species|url=http://agriculture.nh.gov/divisions/plant_industry/invasive-species.htm|work=New Hampshire Dept. of Agriculture|access-date=22 October 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121107052220/http://www.agriculture.nh.gov/divisions/plant_industry/invasive-species.htm|archive-date=7 November 2012|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> and [[Massachusetts]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mass.gov/service-details/massachusetts-prohibited-plant-list |title=Massachusetts Prohibited Plant List |date=2017 |website=Mass.gov |access-date=28 August 2018}}</ref> The [[state of New York]] has classified it as an invasive plant species.<ref name=InvPlant>{{cite web|title=Interim List of Invasive Plant Species in New York State |url=http://www.dec.ny.gov/animals/65408.html |work=Advisory Invasive Plant List |publisher=New York State Department of Environmental Conservation |access-date=1 June 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130512183352/http://www.dec.ny.gov/animals/65408.html |archive-date=12 May 2013 }}</ref> Despite these steps, the species is still available and widely used for urban plantings in many areas.

<gallery>
File:Acer platanoides fruit kz.jpg|Fruit (samara): note the flat seed capsule and the angle of the "wings"
File:2014-10-30 10 39 54 Norway Maple foliage during autumn on Durham Avenue in Ewing, New Jersey.JPG|Typical yellow fall foliage
File:2014-10-30 09 32 43 Norway Maple foliage during autumn in Ewing, New Jersey.JPG|Atypical orange-red fall colour
File:Acer Platanoides 'schwedleri' leaf.jpg|Purple leaves of cultivar 'Schwedleri'
File:Acer platanoides twig and buds.jpg|Twig and buds
</gallery>

== Natural enemies ==
The larvae of a number of species of [[Lepidoptera]] feed on Norway maple foliage. ''[[Ectoedemia sericopeza]]'', the Norway maple seedminer, is a moth of the family Nepticulidae. The larvae emerge from eggs laid on the samara and tunnel to the seeds. Norway maple is generally free of serious diseases, though can be attacked by the [[powdery mildew]] ''Uncinula bicornis'', and [[verticillium]] wilt disease caused by ''Verticillium'' spp.<ref name=pb>Phillips, D. H., & Burdekin, D. A. (1992). ''Diseases of Forest and Ornamental Trees''. Macmillan {{ISBN|0-333-49493-8}}.</ref> "Tar spots" caused by ''[[Rhytisma acerinum]]'' infection are common but largely harmless.<ref name="Hudler">{{cite book|last=Hudler|first=George|title=Magical Mushrooms, Mischievous Molds|url=https://archive.org/details/magicalmushrooms00hudl|url-access=registration|year=1998|publisher=Princeton University Press|location=Princeton|pages=[https://archive.org/details/magicalmushrooms00hudl/page/248 248]|isbn=9780691028736}}</ref> ''[[Aceria pseudoplatani]]'' is an [[acarine]] mite that causes a 'felt gall', found on the underside of leaves of both sycamore maple (''[[Acer pseudoplatanus]]'') and Norway maples.<ref name=pl>[http://www.plantengallen.com/dataengels/gall_mites.htm Plant Galls] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029192933/http://www.plantengallen.com/dataengels/gall_mites.htm |date=2013-10-29 }} Retrieved : 2013-07-10</ref>
{{clear}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category}}
* [http://www.euforgen.org/species/acer-platanoides/ ''Acer platanoides''] - information, genetic conservation units and related resources. [[European Forest Genetic Resources Programme]] (EUFORGEN) 
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110715110137/http://www.portraitoftheearth.com/trees/norwaymaple.html Portrait of the Earth: ''Acer platanoides'' (Norway maple)] — ''with winter images''.

{{Taxonbar|from=Q26745}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Maple|platanoides]]
[[Category:Trees of Asia]]
[[Category:Trees of Europe]]
[[Category:Flora of Western Asia]]
[[Category:Trees of humid continental climate]]
[[Category:Plants described in 1753]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus]]