Editing 91 BC

{{More citations needed|date=April 2022}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2011}}
{{Year nav|-91}}
{{BC year in topic|91}}
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Year '''91 BC''' was a year of the [[Roman calendar|pre-Julian Roman calendar]]. At the time it was known as the '''Year of the Consulship of Philippus and Caesar''' (or, less frequently, '''year 663 ''[[Ab urbe condita]]''''') and the '''Second Year of Zhenghe'''. The denomination 91 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the [[Anno Domini]] [[calendar era]] became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

== Events ==
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=== By place ===

==== Roman Republic ====
* [[Roman consul|Consul]]s: [[Sextus Julius Caesar (consul 91 BC)|Sextus Julius Caesar]] and [[Lucius Marcius Philippus (consul 91 BC)|Lucius Marcius Philippus]].
* The tribune [[Marcus Livius Drusus (reformer)|Marcus Livius Drusus]] proposes extending [[Roman citizenship]] to allied Italian cities, but is assassinated, leading to the [[Social War (91–87 BC)|Social War]].

==== China ====
* Witchcraft Trials
:*[[Emperor Wu of Han]] executes Prime Minister Gongsun He (the brother-in-law of Empress [[Wei Zifu]]) and his clan because Gongsun's son is accused of adultery with the emperor's daughter Princess Yangshi and witchcraft.
:* Following further accusations of witchcraft, the emperor executes hundreds of imperial officials and concubines.
:* After convincing the emperor that his ill health is caused by witchcraft, the prosecutor Jiang Chong is given charge of investigating the matter. People accuse each other of witchcraft, and tens of thousands are executed across China, including former generals Zhao Ponu and [[Gongsun Ao]].<ref>{{cite book|first=Hing Ming|last= Hung|title=The Magnificent Emperor Wu: China's Han Dynasty|year= 2020|isbn=978-1628944167|pages= 224–227}}</ref>
* 'Rebellion' of [[Liu Ju]]
:* July - After Jiang Chong frames Crown Prince Liu Ju of witchcraft and prevents communication between the prince and his father, Liu Ju kills Jiang, former general Han Yue and their followers. Due to miscommunication, the emperor misinterprets this as a rebellion against himself, and he orders Prime Minister Liu Qumao to march against Liu Ju. 
:* After being defeated in Chang'an, Liu Ju and his mother, Empress Wei Zifu, commit suicide. Emperor Wu exterminates the followers of Liu Ju and their families.
:* Learning that the charges against Liu Ju were fabricated, Emperor Wu orders further executions.<ref>{{cite book|first=Hing Ming|last= Hung|title=The Magnificent Emperor Wu: China's Han Dynasty|year= 2020|isbn=978-1628944167|pages= 227–233}}</ref>
* September - The [[Xiongnu]] invade the prefectures of Shanggu and Wuyuan.<ref>{{cite book|first=Hing Ming|last= Hung|title=The Magnificent Emperor Wu: China's Han Dynasty|year= 2020|isbn=978-1628944167|page= 233}}</ref>
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== Births ==
* [[Emperor Xuan of Han|Xuan of Han]], emperor of the [[Han dynasty]] (d. [[49 BC]])

== Deaths ==
* [[Liu Ju]], crown prince of the [[Han dynasty]] (b. [[128 BC]])
* [[Lucius Licinius Crassus]], Roman consul (b. [[140 BC]])
* [[Marcus Livius Drusus (reformer)|Marcus Livius Drusus]], Roman politician
* [[Quintus Caecilius Metellus Numidicus]], Roman politician 
* [[Empress Wei Zifu|Wei Zifu]], empress of the Han dynasty

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

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[[Category:91 BC| ]]