Editing 899

{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2011}}
{{About year|899}}
{{Year nav|899}}
{{M1 year in topic}}
[[File:Edward the Elder - MS Royal 14 B VI.jpg|upright=1.35|thumb|King [[Edward the Elder]] (c. 874–924)]]
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Year '''899''' ('''[[Roman numerals|DCCCXCIX]]''') was a [[common year starting on Monday]] of the [[Julian calendar]].

== Events ==
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=== By place ===
==== Europe ====
* Summer &ndash; [[Arnulf of Carinthia]], the King of [[East Francia]], enlists the support of the [[Hungarians|Magyars]], to raid northern [[Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire)|Italy]]. They overrun the Lombard plain all the way to [[Pavia]]. King [[Berengar I of Italy|Berengar I]] assembles a large army against the Magyars, and confronts them near the [[Adda River, Italy|Adda River]]. Daunted at the strong force, [[Árpád]] (head of the confederation of the [[Magyar tribes|Hungarian tribes]]) offers to make peace and restore much of what they've taken, if they are permitted to leave Italy unmolested. Berengar refuses, and the Magyars withdraw to the [[Brenta (river)|Brenta River]]. Árpád renews his offer, offering to leave all his booty and even some hostages. Again Berengar refuses, and awaits their crossing of the Brenta River for a final battle.
* [[September 24]] &ndash; [[Battle of Brenta|Battle of the Brenta]]: The Magyar forces, consisting of 5,000 men, take a circuitous route through the mountains, crossing the Brenta River and proceed south to fall upon the encamped Lombard army (15,000 men) at [[Cartigliano]]. The Magyars massacre much of Berengar's unprepared army. He himself manages to escape to [[Pavia]], changing his dress with the clothing of one of his soldiers. Árpád renews the offensive and heads across [[Lombardy]], pillaging the countryside around [[Treviso]], [[Vicenza]], [[Bergamo]] and other towns all the way to [[Vercelli]]. He turns south and heads down the [[Via Aemilia|Aemilian Road]], sacking [[Reggio Emilia]], [[Modena]] and [[Bologna]].<ref>AF(B), 900 (p. 141 and n4), with a loss of 20,000 men and many bishops. Corroborated by Liutprand, ''Antapodosis''.</ref>
* [[December 8]] &ndash; Arnulf of Carinthia dies from [[paralysis]] following a [[stroke]] and is entombed in [[St. Emmeram's Abbey]] at [[Regensburg]] ([[Duchy of Bavaria|Bavaria]]). He is succeeded by his 6-year-old son [[Louis the Child|Louis III]] ('''the Child''') as ruler of the [[East Francia|East Frankish Kingdom]]. Arnulf's counselor [[Hatto I (archbishop of Mainz)|Hatto I]], archbishop of [[Elector of Mainz|Mainz]], becomes [[regent]] and guardian of the young king. Louis (possibly at the instigation of Hatto) claims [[Lotharingia]] from his half-brother [[Zwentibold]] and with the support of the East Frankish [[Nobility|nobles]] he provokes a civil war. The Lombard [[throne]] is left temporarily vacant.
* Winter &ndash; The Magyars turn back north towards the shores of the [[Venetian Lagoon]]. They pillage [[Chioggia]] and [[Pellestrina]], and advance towards [[Malamocco]]. Their advance into the lagoon is checked by the assembly of the [[Venetian navy|Venetian fleet]] under doge [[Pietro Tribuno]], which defeats the Magyar's river crossing vessels at Albiola, causing them to pull back. This close call with the Magyars prompts the Venetians to initiate the fortification of the [[Rialto]] and the building of protective chains over the [[Grand Canal (Venice)|Grand Canal]].

==== Britain ====
* [[October 26]] &ndash; King [[Alfred the Great]] dies after a 28-year reign in which he has forced invading Danish [[Vikings]] to withdraw, consolidated [[England]] around [[Wessex]], divided parts of [[Mercia]] into shires, compiled the best laws of earlier kings, encouraged learning by bringing famous [[Scholarly method|scholar]]s to Wessex and made his own translations of [[Latin]] works. He is succeeded by his eldest son, [[Edward the Elder]] as king of Wessex.
* Winter &ndash; [[Æthelwold's Revolt]]: Following the death of Alfred the Great, [[Æthelwold]] (youngest son of the late king [[Æthelred of Wessex|Æthelred I]]) disputes the succession of Edward the Elder. He seizes the royal estates at [[Wimborne Minster|Wimborne]], the ancient symbolic burial place of West Saxon kings, and [[Christchurch, Dorset|Christchurch]]. Edward set up his [[Military camp|army camp]] at [[Badbury Rings]]. Æthelwold first declares that he will 'live or die' at Wimborne, but then flees to [[Kingdom of Northumbria|Northumbria]].<ref>Paul Hill (2009). ''The Viking Wars of Alfred the Great'', pp. 142–143. {{ISBN|978-1-59416-087-5}}.</ref>

==== Arabian Empire ====
* [[Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Shaybani]], Muslim ruler of [[Diyar Bakr]], surrenders at the besieged capital of [[Diyarbakir|Amid]] (modern [[Turkey]]) to Caliph [[Al-Mu'tadid]] in exchange for clemency. [[Al-Muktafi]], the son of Al-Mu'tadid, is installed as governor of the [[Upper Mesopotamia|Jazira]] (Upper [[Mesopotamia]]), ending the semi-independent [[Banu Shayban|Shaybanid Dynasty]], which has ruled in Diyar Bakr since the [[870s]].
* The [[Qarmatians]], led by [[Abu Sa'id al-Jannabi]], capture [[Bahrain]]'s capital of Hajr  and [[Al-Ahsa Oasis|Al-Hasa]] ([[Eastern Arabia]]). Abu Sa'id makes it his [[Home|residence]] and establishes a [[Utopia|religious utopian]] republic.

=== By topic ===
==== Religion ====
* [[Regino of Prüm]], a [[order of Saint Benedict|Benedictine]] churchman, is expelled from [[Prüm Abbey|Prüm]] and becomes [[abbot]] of [[St. Maximin's Abbey, Trier|St. Maximin's Abbey]] (which is destroyed by the Vikings) in [[Trier]].
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== Births ==
* [[Al-Qahir]], Abbasid caliph (d. [[950]])
* [[Gonzalo Fernández of Castile|Gonzalo Fernández]], count of [[Kingdom of Castile|Castile]] (d. [[915]])
* [[Ma Xifan]], king of [[Chu (Ten Kingdoms)|Chu]] (d. [[947]])
* [[Ma Xisheng]], king of Chu (d. [[932]])
* [[Wang Zongyan]], emperor of [[Former Shu]] (d. [[926]]) 
* [[Werner V (Salian)|Werner V]], Frankish [[Nobility|nobleman]] (approximate date)
* [[Yelü Bei]], prince of the [[Liao dynasty|Liao Dynasty]] (d. [[937]])

== Deaths ==
* [[July 26]] &ndash; [[Li Hanzhi]], Chinese [[warlord]] (b. [[842]])
* [[October 26]] &ndash; [[Alfred the Great]], king of [[Wessex]] (b. [[849]])
* [[December 8]] &ndash; [[Arnulf of Carinthia]], king of the [[East Francia|East Frankish Kingdom]]
* [[Ahmad ibn al-Tayyib al-Sarakhsi]], Persian traveler and historian
* [[Stylianos Zaoutzes]], Byzantine official and minister
* [[Sumbat I of Klarjeti]], Georgian prince
* [[Wang Gong]], Chinese warlord
* [[Zheng Qi]], chancellor of the [[Tang dynasty|Tang Dynasty]]
* [[Zoe Zaoutzaina]], Byzantine empress consort of [[Leo VI the Wise|Leo VI]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

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