Editing 856

{{short description|Calendar year}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2011}}
{{About year|856}}
{{Year nav|856}}
{{M1 year in topic}}
[[File:Raban-Maur Alcuin Otgar.jpg|upright=1.35|thumb|[[Rabanus Maurus]] (left) presents his work to archbishop [[Odgar|Odgar of Mainz]] (right)]]
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Year '''856''' ('''[[Roman numerals|DCCCLVI]]''') was a [[leap year starting on Wednesday]] of the [[Julian calendar]].

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>

=== By place ===
==== Byzantine Empire ====
* [[March 15]] &ndash; Emperor [[Michael III]] overthrows the regency of his mother [[Theodora (wife of Theophilos)|Theodora]]. He appoints his uncle [[Bardas]] as the ''de facto'' [[regent]] and co-ruler of the [[Byzantine Empire]].<ref name="Treadgold450-1">{{harvnb|Treadgold|1997|pp=450–451}}.</ref>

==== Europe ====
* King [[Charles the Bald]] cedes the county of [[Maine (province)|Maine]] to [[Erispoe]], ruler ([[duke]]) of [[Duchy of Brittany|Brittany]]—this in return for an [[alliance]] against the [[Vikings]].  
* King [[Ordoño I of Asturias]] is said to have begun the repopulation of the town of [[León, Spain|León]] in the northwest of [[Spain]] (approximate date).

==== Britain ====
* [[October 1]] &ndash; King [[Æthelwulf|Æthelwulf of Wessex]] marries the 12- or 13-year-old [[Judith of Flanders|Judith]], daughter of Charles the Bald, at [[Verberie]] (Northern [[France]]). She is crowned queen and [[Anointing|anointed]] by [[Hincmar]], archbishop of [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Reims|Reims]]. The [[marriage]] is a diplomatic alliance between [[Wessex]] and the [[West Francia|West Frankish Kingdom]].<ref>Paul Hill (2009). ''The Viking Wars of Alfred the Great'', p. 18. {{ISBN|978-1-59416-087-5}}.</ref>
* Winter &ndash; Æthelwulf returns to Wessex to face a revolt by his eldest son [[Æthelbald of Wessex|Æthelbald]], who usurps the [[throne]]. Æthelwulf agrees to give up the western part of his kingdom, in order to avoid a [[civil war]]. He keeps control over [[Kingdom of Sussex|Sussex]], [[Surrey]], [[Kingdom of Essex|Essex]] and [[Kingdom of Kent|Kent]], over which Prince [[Æthelberht of Wessex|Æthelberht]] has presided.{{sfnm|1a1=Keynes|1y=1998|1p=7|2a1=Abels|2y=2002|2p=89}}

=== By topic ===
==== Geology ====
* [[November]] (approximate date) &ndash; An [[earthquake]] in [[Byzantine Corinth|Corinth]], [[Greece]] kills an estimated 45,000 people.
* [[December 3]] &ndash; Another earthquake strikes the [[Abbasid Caliphate]] (modern-day [[Tunisia]]), also killing an estimated 45,000 people.
* [[December 22]] &ndash; Another [[856 Damghan earthquake|earthquake]] strikes [[Damghan]] (modern-day [[Iran]]), killing an estimated 200,000 people.</onlyinclude>

== Births ==
* [[October 24]] &ndash; [[Li Keyong]], [[Shatuo]] governor (''[[jiedushi]]'') (d. [[908]])
* [[Li Maozhen]], Chinese [[warlord]] and king (d. [[924]])

== Deaths ==
* [[January 7]] &ndash; [[Aldric of Le Mans|Aldric]], bishop of [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Le Mans|Le Mans]]
* [[February 4]] &ndash; [[Rabanus Maurus]], archbishop of [[Elector of Mainz|Mainz]]
* [[August 6]] &ndash; [[Fujiwara no Nagara]], Japanese statesman (b. [[802]])
* [[August 16]] &ndash; [[Theutbald I (bishop of Langres)|Theutbald I]], bishop of [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Langres|Langres]]
* [[Florinus of Remüs]], Frankish priest and [[martyr]] 
* [[Godfrid Haraldsson]], Viking chieftain (approximate date)
* [[Guerin of Provence|Guerin]], Frankish [[Nobility|nobleman]] (or [[845]])
* [[Ilyas ibn Asad]], Muslim [[emir]] (approximate date)
* [[Muhammad I Abu 'l-Abbas]], Muslim emir

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==Sources==
*{{cite journal|last=Abels|first=Richard|journal=The Haskins Society Journal: Studies in Medieval History|volume=12|year=2002|editor1-first=Stephen|editor1-last=Morillo|title=Royal Succession and the Growth of Political Stability in Ninth-Century Wessex|pages=[https://archive.org/details/haskinssocietyjo00step/page/83 83–97]|publisher=Boydell & Brewer|location=Woodbridge, UK|isbn=1-84383-008-6|doi=10.1515/9781846150852-007|doi-broken-date=November 1, 2024 |url=https://archive.org/details/haskinssocietyjo00step/page/83 |jstor=10.7722/j.ctt81qkc }}
*{{cite book|last=Keynes|first= Simon |year=1998|chapter=King Alfred and the Mercians|pages=1–45|title=Kings, Currency and Alliances: History and Coinage of Southern England in the Ninth Century|editor1-first=Mark A. S. |editor1-last=Blackburn|editor2-first=David N.|editor2-last=Dumville|publisher=The Boydell Press|location =Woodbridge, UK|isbn=0-85115-598-7}}
*{{cite book|last=Treadgold|first=Warren|title=A History of the Byzantine State and Society|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nYbnr5XVbzUC|location=Stanford, California|publisher=Stanford University Press|year=1997|isbn=0-8047-2630-2}}

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