Editing 854

{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2011}}
{{About year|854}}
{{Year nav|854}}
{{M1 year in topic}}
[[File:The Boyhood of Alfred the Great (1913).jpg|upright=1.35|thumb|Queen [[Osburh]] reading to her sons [[Alfred the Great|Alfred]] and [[Æthelred of Wessex|Æthelred]] during their [[boy]]hood (1913)]]
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Year '''854''' ('''[[Roman numerals|DCCCLIV]]''') was a [[common year starting on Monday]] of the [[Julian calendar]].

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>

=== By place ===
==== Europe ====
* Emperor [[Lothair I]] meets his (half) brothers ([[Louis the German]] and [[Charles the Bald]]) in [[Attigny, Ardennes|Attigny]], [[Ardennes]] for the third time, to continue the system of "con-fraternal government".
* [[Vikings|Viking]] chieftains [[Rorik of Dorestad|Rorik]] and [[Godfrid Haraldsson]] return to [[Denmark]], to gain power after the death of King [[Horik I]]. During a [[civil war]], they are forced to go back to [[Frisia|Friesland]].<ref>[http://home.tiscali.nl/gjallar/Bronnen_AB.htm Norsemen in the Low Countries: Extracts from the Annales Bertiniani, 855 entry] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110614030318/http://home.tiscali.nl/gjallar/Bronnen_AB.htm |date=June 14, 2011 }}</ref>
* The German city of [[Ulm]] is first mentioned, in a document by [[Louis the German]].<ref>[http://www.zeit.de/zeit-magazin/2016/48/stadtgeburtstag-alter-staedte-deutschlandkarte Zeit.de: Das Alter der Städte]</ref>
* [[Croatian–Bulgarian battle of 854|Croatian–Bulgarian battle]]: [[Bulgaria]]n [[Khan (title)|Khan]] (later [[Knyaz]]) [[Boris I of Bulgaria|Boris I]],<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.britannica.com/biography/Boris-I |title=Boris I |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. |date=2021-11-13}}</ref> attacks the [[Duchy of Littoral Croatia]], ruled by Duke [[Trpimir I of Croatia|Trpimir I]] during the [[Croatian–Bulgarian wars|First Croatian-Bulgarian War]]. It is fought on the Croatian territory in the vicinity of the Croatian–Bulgarian border<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y0NBxG9Id58C&pg=PA106 |title=The Early Medieval Balkans, page 112 |date=13 November 2021|last=Fine|first=John van Antwerp|publisher=The University of Michigan Press, 1983|isbn=978-0472081493 }}</ref> in present-day northeastern [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]]. None of the warring sides emerges victorious, Bulgarian forces retreat and finally both parties subsequently conclude a [[peace treaty]].<ref>{{cite book|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=sLD_DwAAQBAJ&dq=croatian+bulgarian+battle.&pg=PA48 |title=The History of Croatia and Slovenia, page 46 |date=13 November 2021|last=Deliso|first=Christopher|publisher=ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2020, Santa Barbara, California|isbn=9781440873232 }}</ref>

==== Britain ====
* King [[Æthelwulf|Æthelwulf of Wessex]] sends his two youngest sons, [[Alfred the Great|Alfred]] and [[Æthelred of Wessex|Æthelred]], on a [[pilgrimage]] to [[Rome]].<ref name=asc853>''ASC'' 854 - English translation at  [http://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/657/pg657.html Project Gutenberg]</ref>
* King [[Æthelweard of East Anglia]] dies, and is succeeded by his 14-year-old son [[Edmund the Martyr|Edmund]] ("the Martyr").<ref>Kirby, ''The Earliest English Kings'', p. 161.</ref>
* King [[Cyngen ap Cadell|Cyngen]] of [[Kingdom of Powys|Powys]] makes the first pilgrimage to Rome of a Welsh ruler.  
* Viking chieftain [[Ubba]] winters in [[Milford Haven]] ([[Wales]]) with 23 ships.<ref>[http://www.milfordhaventowncouncil.org.uk/Milford%20History%20Section/history_time_line_main.htm Milford Haven Town Council website ''History'', Chronology of Events] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120313120153/http://www.milfordhaventowncouncil.org.uk/Milford%20History%20Section/history_time_line_main.htm |date=March 13, 2012 }}</ref>

=== By topic ===
==== Religion ====
* [[Eardulf of Lindisfarne|Eardulf]] becomes [[bishop of Lindisfarne]], after the death of [[Eanbert of Lindisfarne|Eanbert]].
</onlyinclude>

== Births ==
* [[Al-Mu'tadid]], Muslim [[caliph]] (or [[861]])
* [[Cadell ap Rhodri]], king of [[Seisyllwg]] (d. [[909]])
* [[Cui Yin]], chancellor of the [[Tang dynasty|Tang Dynasty]] (d. [[904]])
* [[Theobald the Elder]], Frankish [[Nobility|nobleman]] (d. [[942]])

== Deaths ==
* [[Abu Thawr]], Muslim scholar (b. [[764]])
* [[Æthelweard of East Anglia|Æthelweard]], king of [[Kingdom of East Anglia|East Anglia]]
* [[Eanbert of Lindisfarne|Eanbert]], bishop of [[Lindisfarne]] 
* [[Horik I]], Viking king of [[Denmark]]
* [[Liudger of Utrecht|Liudger]], bishop of [[Episcopal principality of Utrecht|Utrecht]] (approximate date)
* [[Osburh]], queen of [[Wessex]] (approximate date)
* [[Sahnun|Sahnun ibn Sa'id]], Muslim [[Fiqh|jurist]] (or [[855]])
* [[Túathal mac Máele-Brigte]], king of [[Leinster]]
* [[Wang Yuankui]], Chinese general (b. [[812]])
* [[Wigmund (archbishop of York)|Wigmund]], archbishop of [[Diocese of York|York]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

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