Editing 850

{{Use mdy dates|date=December 2024}}
{{About year|850|the Volvo model|Volvo 850|the BMW 850i, 850Ci or 850CSi|BMW 8 Series (E31)|the Fiat model|Fiat 850}}
{{For|the codepage|CP850}}
{{More citations needed|date=February 2024}}
{{Year nav|850}}
{{M1 year in topic}}
[[File:Viking Expansion.svg|upright=1.35|thumb|[[Viking expansion]] with conquered areas]]
[[File:Rorik by H. W. Koekkoek.jpg|upright=1.35|thumb|King [[Rorik of Dorestad|Rorik]] conquers [[Frisia|Friesland]] (1912)]]
__NOTOC__
Year '''850''' ('''[[Roman numerals|DCCCL]]''') was a [[common year starting on Wednesday]] of the [[Julian calendar]].

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>

=== By place ===

==== Europe ====
* [[February 1]] – King [[Ramiro I of Asturias|Ramiro I]] dies in his palace at [[Santa María del Naranco]] (near [[Oviedo]]), after an 8-year reign. He is succeeded by his son [[Ordoño I of Asturias|Ordoño I]], as ruler of [[Kingdom of Asturias|Asturias]].
* [[Denmark|Danish]] [[Vikings|Viking]] raiders, led by King [[Rorik of Dorestad|Rorik]], conquer [[Dorestad]]<ref>{{Cite book |last=Roberts |first=Wilmer Lynn |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G1FKAQAAMAAJ |title=Roman and Frankish Government in the Low Countries, 57 B.C. – 925 A.D. |date=1963 |publisher=University of California |pages=247 |language=en}}</ref> and [[Utrecht]] (modern-day [[Netherlands]]). Emperor [[Lothair I]] recognizes him as ruler of most of [[Frisia|Friesland]].
* King [[Louis II of Italy|Louis II]], the eldest son of Lothair I, is crowned joint emperor by [[Pope Leo IV]] at [[Rome]], and becomes co-ruler of the [[Middle Francia|Middle Frankish Kingdom]].

==== Britain ====
* King [[Kenneth mac Alpin|Kenneth I]] (also called '''Kenneth MacAlpin''') of [[Alba]] (modern [[Scotland]]) invades [[Kingdom of Northumbria|Northern Northumbria]] during the period of 850–[[858]], burning [[Dunbar]] and [[Melrose, Scottish Borders|Melrose]].
* The [[Pillar of Eliseg]] is erected by King [[Cyngen ap Cadell]] of [[Kingdom of Powys|Powys]] ([[Wales]]), as a [[memorial]] to his great-grandfather [[Elisedd ap Gwylog]] (or '''Eliseg''') (approximate date).

=== Middle East ===
* The [[Abbasid]] caliph [[al-Mutawakkil]] issues a decree that orders Jews and Christians to wear the [[zunnar]], honey-coloured outer garments and [[Yellow badge|badge-like patches]] on their on their servants' clothing.<ref name="Stillman">{{cite book |last1=Stillman |first1=Norman |title=Arab Dress, A Short History: From the Dawn of Islam to Modern Times |date=June 8, 2022 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-49162-5 |page=104 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YUB0EAAAQBAJ |access-date=October 3, 2024 |language=en}}</ref>

==== Japan ====
* [[May 6]] – Emperor [[Emperor Ninmyō|Ninmyō]] dies after a 17-year reign. He is succeeded by his son [[Emperor Montoku|Montoku]], as the 55th [[emperor of Japan]].

==== India ====
* It is hypothesized that sometime around 850 a group of [[Buddhism|Buddhist]] pilgrims travelling through a valley near [[Roopkund]] (modern India) were killed when caught out in the open in a sudden [[hail]]storm. Their remains were discovered in [[1942]].

==== Mesoamerica ====
* [[Uxmal]] becomes the capital of a large state in the [[Puuc|Puuk]] hills region of northern [[Yucatán Peninsula|Yucatán]] (modern [[Mexico]]). The city is connected by causeways (''[[Sacbe|sakbe]]'') to other important Puuk sites, such as [[Kabah (Maya site)|K'abah]], [[Sayil]], and [[Labna]] (approximate date).

=== By topic ===

==== Food and Drink ====
* [[History of coffee|Coffee]] is discovered (according to [[legend]]) by the [[Ethiopia]]n goatherder [[Kaldi]] in [[East Africa]], who notices that his [[goat]]s become energetic after chewing the red [[Berry|berries]] from certain wild bushes (approximate date).

==== Religion ====
* [[April 22]] – [[Gunther (archbishop of Cologne)|Gunther]] becomes [[archbishop of Cologne]] (modern [[Germany]]).
* [[June 18]] – [[Perfectus|Perfecto]], a Christian [[priest]] in Muslim [[Córdoba, Spain|Córdoba]], is executed ([[Decapitation|beheaded]]) after he refuses to retract critical comments he made about [[Muhammad]].
</onlyinclude>

== Births ==
* [[June 27]] – [[Ibrahim II of Ifriqiya|Ibrahim II]], emir of the [[Aghlabids]] (d. [[902]])
* [[Abu Zayd al-Balkhi]], Muslim [[Mathematics in medieval Islam|mathematician]] (d. [[934]])
* [[Adelaide of Paris|Adelaide]], queen of the [[West Francia|West Frankish Kingdom]] (or [[853]])
* [[Aribo of Austria]], Frankish [[margrave]] (approximate date)
* [[Arnulf of Carinthia]], king of the [[East Francia|East Frankish Kingdom]] (d. [[899]])
* [[Berno of Cluny]], Frankish [[abbot]] (approximate date)
* [[Du Guangting]], Chinese [[Taoist priest]] and writer (d. [[933]])
* [[Gerolf of Holland]], count of [[Frisia|Friesland]] (approximate date)
* [[Harald Fairhair]], king of [[Norway]] (approximate date)
* [[Hatto I (archbishop of Mainz)|Hatto I]], Frankish [[archbishop]] (approximate date)
* [[Herbert I, Count of Vermandois|Herbert I]], count of [[Vermandois]] (approximate date)
* [[Hermenegildo Gutiérrez]], Galician [[Nobility|nobleman]] (d. [[912]])
* [[Hucbald]], Frankish [[Music theory|music theorist]] (or [[840]])
* [[Ki no Tomonori]], Japanese [[Japanese poetry|poet]] (approximate date)
* [[Onneca Fortúnez]], Basque princess (or [[848]])
* [[Ranulf II of Aquitaine|Ranulf II]], duke of [[Duchy of Aquitaine|Aquitaine]] (d. [[890]])
* [[Reginar, Duke of Lorraine|Reginar I]], duke of [[Duchy of Lorraine|Lorraine]] (approximate date)
* [[Emperor Seiwa|Seiwa]], emperor of Japan (d. [[878]])
* [[Smbat I of Armenia|Smbat I]], king of [[Armenia]] (approximate date)
* [[Tuotilo]], German monk and composer (approximate date)

== Deaths ==
* [[February 1]] – [[Ramiro I of Asturias|Ramiro I]], king of [[Kingdom of Asturias|Asturias]]
* [[May 6]] – [[Emperor Ninmyō|Ninmyō]], emperor of Japan (b. [[AD 808|808]])
* [[April 18]] – [[Perfectus]], Spanish monk and [[martyr]]
* [[July 14]] – [[Wei Fu]], [[Chancellor of the Tang dynasty|chancellor of the Tang Dynasty]]
* [[Amalarius]], Frankish archbishop (approximate date)
* [[Bishr the Barefoot|Bishr al-Hafi]], Muslim [[Theology|theologian]] (approximate date)
* [[Eanred of Northumbria|Eanred]], king of [[Kingdom of Northumbria|Northumbria]] (approximate date)
* [[Huangbo Xiyun]], Chinese [[Zen]] [[Buddhism|Buddhist]] monk
* [[Ishaq ibn Ibrahim al-Mus'abi|Ishaq ibn Ibrahim]], Muslim official and advisor
* [[Li Deyu]], chancellor of the Tang Dynasty (b. [[AD 787|787]])
* [[Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī]], Persian mathematician
* [[Maura of Troyes]], Frankish noblewoman and saint (b. [[827]])
* [[Tachibana no Kachiko]], empress of Japan (b. [[786]])
* [[Stephen of Liège]], Frankish bishop (approximate date)
* [[Vlastimir]], Serbian prince (approximate date)
* [[William of Septimania]], Frankish nobleman (b. [[826]])
* [[Zhou Lin (Tang dynasty)|Zhou Lin]], governor (''[[jiedushi]]'') of the Tang Dynasty

== References ==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:850| ]]