Editing 749

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[[File:Aistulf follis 80000860.jpg|upright=1.35|thumb|King [[Aistulf]] of the [[Kingdom of the Lombards|Lombards]]]]
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Year '''749''' ('''[[Roman numerals|DCCXLIX]]''') was a [[common year starting on Wednesday]] of the [[Julian calendar]], the 749th year of the [[Common Era]] (CE) and [[Anno Domini]] (AD) designations, the 749th year of the [[1st millennium]], the 49th year of the [[8th century]], and the 10th and last year of the [[740s]] decade.The denomination 749 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the [[Anno Domini]] [[calendar era]] became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

== Events ==
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=== By place ===
==== Europe ====
* King [[Ratchis]] of the [[Kingdom of the Lombards|Lombards]] besieges [[Perugia]], but is convinced to lift the [[siege]] by [[Pope Zachary]]. His decision to lift the siege of Perugia undermines his authority among the Lombard nobility, and ultimately results in the nobility deposing him at a council in [[Milan]]. King Ratchis is forced to retire with his family to the [[monastery]] at [[Monte Cassino]].
* [[June]] &ndash; [[Aistulf]] succeeds his brother, Ratchis, as [[List of kings of the Lombards|king of the Lombards]] and marries Gisaltruda, sister of [[Anselm, Duke of Friuli]].

==== Britain ====
* King [[Ælfwald of East Anglia]] dies after a 36-year reign. He is succeeded by [[Beonna of East Anglia|Beonna]], [[Alberht of East Anglia|Æthelberht I]] and possibly Hun (relationship unknown). Beonna emerges as the dominant [[monarch]]. 
* King [[Æthelbald of Mercia]] calls the Synod of [[Gumley]], at the instigation of [[Saint Boniface|Boniface]], bishop of [[Mainz]], and issues a charter that releases the [[Catholic Church]] from all public burdens.

==== Arabian Empire ====
* [[Abbasid Revolution#Persian phase|Abbasid Revolution]]: Muslim forces under [[Qahtaba ibn Shabib al-Ta'i]] defeat a large [[Umayyad Caliphate|Umayyad]] army (50,000 men) at [[Isfahan]], and invade [[Iraq]], taking the city of [[Kufa]].
* [[Abdallah ibn Abd al-Malik]], Umayyad prince, is executed by [[crucifixion]] on orders of the first [[Abbasid Caliphate|Abbasid]] caliph, [[as-Saffah|Abdullah ibn Muhammad]], at [[Al-Hirah]] (or [[750]]).
* [[October 28]] &ndash; Abdullah ibn Muhammad is proclaimed [[caliph]] at Kufa by his supporters and adopts the title of al-Saffah (the "Slaughterer of Blood").<ref>David Nicolle (2009). The Great Islamic Conquests 632–750 AD, p. 78. {{ISBN|978-1-84603-273-8}}</ref>

==== Central America ====
*[[February 18]] &ndash; [[Kʼakʼ Yipyaj Chan Kʼawiil]] ("Smoke Squirrel") becomes the new [[Maya rulers|ruler of the Mayan city state]] of [[Copán]] in [[Honduras]] upon the death of [[Kʼakʼ Tiliw Chan Yopaat]], who had reigned since 738.  K'ak' Yipyaj reigns until [[763]].

==== Japan ====
* [[August 19]] &ndash; [[Emperor Shōmu]] abdicates the [[throne]], after a 25-year reign that has been dominated by his wife (and aunt), [[Empress Kōmyō|Kōmyō]], a commoner he married at age 16. He is succeeded by his daughter [[Empress Kōken|Kōken]]; Shōmu becomes the first retired emperor to become a [[Buddhism in Japan|Buddhist]] priest.<ref>Varley, H. Paul (1980). ''A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns''. New York: Columbia University Press. {{ISBN|0-231-04940-4}}</ref>

=== By topic ===

==== Catastrophe ====
* [[January 18]] &ndash; [[749 Galilee earthquake|Galilee earthquake]]: [[Palestine (region)|Palestine]] and eastern [[Transjordan (region)|Transjordan]] are devastated by an [[earthquake]]. The cities of [[Tiberias]], [[Beit She'an]], [[Hippos, Israel|Hippos]] and [[Pella, Jordan|Pella]] are largely destroyed.
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== Births ==
* [[Muhammad al-Shaybani]], Muslim [[Ulama|jurist]] (approximate date; d. [[805]])

== Deaths ==
* [[August 27]] &ndash; [[Qahtaba ibn Shabib al-Ta'i]], Muslim general
* [[December 4]] &ndash; [[John of Damascus]], Syrian [[monk]] and [[Priesthood (Catholic Church)|priest]]
* [[Ælfwald of East Anglia|Ælfwald]], king of [[Kingdom of East Anglia|East Anglia]]
* [[Abdallah ibn Abd al-Malik]], Umayyad prince (or [[750]])
* [[Ailello hui Daimine]], king of [[Uí Maine]] ([[Ireland]])
* [[Gyōki]], Japanese [[Buddhism in Japan|Buddhist]] priest (b. [[668]])

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

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