Editing 681

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{{About year|681}}
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[[File:Jarrow.jpg|upright=1.35|thumb|Remains of [[Monkwearmouth–Jarrow Abbey]]]]
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Year '''681''' ('''[[Roman numerals|DCLXXXI]]''') was a [[common year starting on Tuesday]] of the [[Julian calendar]]. The denomination 681 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the [[Anno Domini]] [[calendar era]] became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>

=== By place ===
==== Byzantine Empire ====
* [[Byzantine–Bulgarian wars#Asparukh's war|Byzantine–Bulgarian War]]: Emperor [[Constantine IV]] is forced to acknowledge the [[First Bulgarian Empire|Bulgar state]] in [[Moesia]], and to pay protection money to avoid further inroads into Byzantine [[Thrace]].{{sfn|Norwich|1990|p=326}} Consequently, Constantine creates the [[Thrace (theme)|Theme of Thrace]] of the [[Byzantine Empire]] (located in the south-eastern [[Balkans]]).{{sfn|Kazhdan|1991|p=501}}
* Autumn – A military revolt breaks out in the [[Anatolic Theme]] (modern [[Turkey]]). The [[Byzantine army]] marches to [[Üsküdar|Chrysopolis]], and sends a delegation across the straits of the [[Dardanelles|Hellespont]] to [[Constantinople]], demanding that the two brothers should remain co-emperors alongside Constantine IV.{{sfn|Bury|1889|p=308}} 
* September/November – Constantine IV has his brothers [[Heraclius (son of Constans II)|Heraclius]] and [[Tiberius (son of Constans II)|Tiberius]] [[Political mutilation in Byzantine culture|mutilated]], so they will be unable to rule. He orders that their images no longer appear on any [[coin]]age, and that their names be removed from official documentation.{{sfn|Bellinger|Grierson|1968|p=513}}
* Constantine IV agrees to a [[compromise]], and persuades the army to return to their [[barracks]] in [[Anatolia]]. He invites the leaders of the rebellion to come to Constantinople and consult the [[Byzantine Senate|Senate]] as to how to implement the terms. On their arrival, he arrests the leaders and has them [[Hanging|hung]] at [[Galata|Sycae]].{{sfn|Bury|1889|p=309}}

==== Europe ====
* [[January 9]] &ndash; [[Twelfth Council of Toledo]]: King [[Erwig]] of the [[Visigoths]] initiates a council, in which he implements diverse measures against the [[Jews]]. Laws against violence to [[Slavery|slaves]] are suppressed.

==== Britain ====
* King [[Æthelwalh of Sussex]] gives [[Wilfrid]], exiled [[bishop]] of [[York]], lands in [[Selsey]] to found a [[cathedral]], named [[Selsey Abbey]].
* King [[Ecgfrith of Northumbria]] requests that the [[monk]]s of [[Monkwearmouth]] found a new [[Monkwearmouth-Jarrow Abbey|monastery]] at [[Jarrow]] (or [[682]]).

==== Arabian Empire ====
* A [[Arab Muslims|Muslim Arab]] army led by [[Uqba ibn Nafi]] reaches [[Morocco]], before being forced back into [[Cyrene, Libya|Cyrene]] by the [[Berber people|Berbers]].{{sfn|Tucker|2010|p=205}}
* [[Armenia]]ns, [[Caucasian Albania|Albanians]], and [[Principality of Iberia|Iberians]] rise in rebellion against the [[Umayyad Caliphate]] (approximate date).

==== Asia ====
* In [[Japan]] the [[Asuka Kiyomihara Code]] is commenced under [[Emperor Tenmu]].
* [[Ilterish Qaghan|Kutluk Khan]] revolts and establishes the [[Second Turkic Khaganate]].
* [[Prince Kusakabe|Kusakabe]], second son of Tenmu, is made [[crown prince]].
* [[Sinmun of Silla|Sinmun]] becomes king of the Korean kingdom of [[Silla]].<ref name=met>{{cite web |title=List of Rulers of Korea |url=https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/koru/hd_koru.htm |website=www.metmuseum.org |access-date=25 April 2019}}</ref>

=== By topic ===
==== Religion ====
* [[January 10]] &ndash; [[Pope Agatho]] dies at [[Rome]] of [[Plague (disease)|plague]] after a 2½-year reign, in which he has persuaded Constantine IV to abolish the [[tax]] heretofore levied at the consecration of a newly elected [[pope]].
* [[September 16]] &ndash; The [[Third Council of Constantinople|Sixth Ecumenical Council]] (see [[680]]) ends at [[Constantinople]]. The council reaffirms the [[Eastern Orthodox Church|Orthodox]] doctrines of the [[Council of Chalcedon]] in [[451]], and condemns [[monothelitism]].<ref>Canduci, p.&nbsp;198.{{full citation needed|date=September 2021}}</ref></onlyinclude>

== Births ==
* [[Fujiwara no Fusasaki]], Japanese [[Sangi (Japan)|counselor]] (d. [[AD 737|737]])
* [[Pei Yaoqing]], [[chancellor of the Tang dynasty]] (d. [[743]])

== Deaths ==
* [[January 10]] &ndash; [[Pope Agatho]]
* [[Ebroin]], [[Mayor of the Palace]] of [[Neustria]] (or [[680]])
* [[Hao Chujun]], general of the Tang dynasty (b. [[607]])
* [[Jayavarman I]], king of [[Chenla Kingdom|Chenla]] ([[Cambodia]])
* [[Munmu of Silla|Munmu]], king of [[Silla]] ([[Three Kingdoms of Korea|Korea]])<ref name=met />
* [[Queen Jaui]], Korean queen consort
* [[Queen Munmyeong]], Korean queen consort

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

=== Sources ===
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book |last1=Bellinger |first1=Alfred Raymond |last2=Grierson |first2=Philip |author2-link=Philip Grierson |date=1968 |title=Catalogue of the Byzantine coins in the Dumbarton Oaks Collection and in the Whittemore Collection |publisher=Dumbarton Oaks |oclc=847177622}}
* {{cite book |last=Bury |first=John Bagnall |author-link=J. B. Bury |date=1889 |title=A History of the Later Roman Empire from Arcadius to Irene |volume=II |publisher=Macmillan |location=London}}
* {{cite book |editor-last=Kazhdan |editor-first=Alexander Petrovich |editor-link=Alexander Kazhdan |date=1991 |title=The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium |location=New York and Oxford |publisher=Oxford University Press |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q3u5RAAACAAJ |isbn=978-0-19-504652-6}}
* {{cite book |last=Norwich |first=John Julius |author-link=John Julius Norwich |date=1990 |title=Byzantium: The Early Centuries |publisher=[[Penguin Group|Penguin]] |isbn=0-14-011447-5}}
* {{cite book |editor-last=Tucker |editor-first=Spencer C. |date=2010 |title=A Global Chronology of Conflict |volume=I: Ca. 3000 BCE–1499 CE |isbn=978-1-85109-672-5}}
{{refend}}

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