Editing 680s BC

{{Short description|Decade}}
This article concerns the period '''689 BC – 680 BC'''.
{{Decadebox BC|68}}
{{BC year in topic|680}}
[[File:Chariot terma Staatliche Antikensammlungen 1452.jpg|upright=1.35|thumb|[[Chariot racing|Chariot race]] on a [[Black-figure pottery|black-figure]] [[hydria]] ([[Greece]])]]
==Events and trends==
* 689 BC—King [[Sennacherib]] of [[Assyria]] sacks [[Babylon]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Haubold|first1=Johannes|title=Greece and Mesopotamia: Dialogues in Literature|date=2013|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9781107010765|page=171|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=85sLLYY-owgC&pg=PA171|language=en}}</ref> (or [[691 BC]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mark |first1=Joshua |title=The Mutual Destruction of Sennacherib & Babylon |url=https://www.worldhistory.org/article/745/the-mutual-destruction-of-sennacherib--babylon/ |website=World History Encyclopedia |access-date=August 7, 2023}}</ref>)
* 688 BC—Traditional date for the founding of [[Gela]] in [[Sicily]] by [[Colonies in antiquity#Greek colonies|colonists]] from [[Rhodes]] and [[Crete]].<ref>E.J. Bickerman, Chronology of the Ancient World (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1968), p.&nbsp;197</ref>
* 688 BC—[[Ancient Greece|Greece]]'s games of the 23rd [[Olympiad]] are held at [[Olympia, Greece|Olympia]]; [[boxing]] is added to the [[Ancient Olympic Games|Olympic Games]] that are more and more intended as preparation for [[war]]. [[Icarius of Hyperesia]] wins the [[stadion race]] at the 23rd [[Ancient Olympic Games|Olympic Games]].<ref name="attalus.org">[[Eusebius of Caesarea]], ''Chronicle'' [http://www.attalus.org/translate/eusebius2.html].</ref>
* 687 BC—[[Gyges of Lydia|Gyges]] becomes king of [[Lydia]].
* 687 BC—[[Hezekiah]] succeeded by [[Manasseh of Judah|Manasseh]] as king of [[Kingdom of Judah|Judah]], either this year or [[686 BC|next]]<ref name=Alb>{{Cite journal |title=The Chronology of the Divided Monarchy of Israel |journal=Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1355182 |last=Albright |first=W. F. |issue=100 |pages=16–22 |doi=10.2307/1355182 |year=1945|jstor=1355182 |s2cid=163845613 }}</ref><ref name=reign>''[[The Mysterious Numbers of the Hebrew Kings]]'', (1st ed.; New York: Macmillan, 1951; 2d ed.; Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1965; 3rd ed.; Grand Rapids: Zondervan/Kregel, 1983). {{ISBN|978-0825438257}}, p. 217.</ref> or about a decade earlier.<ref name=Gersh>{{cite book |last1=Gershon Galil |title=The Chronology of the Kings of Israel and Judah |date=1996 |isbn=9789004106116 |page=104 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QkgEaWG0_j4C&q=726}}</ref>
* 685 BC—Traditional date of the foundation of [[Chalcedon]] by [[Megara]]<ref>E.J. Bickerman, ''Chronology of the Ancient World'' (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1968), p.&nbsp;197</ref> or when it became a [[Greece|Greek]] colony.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Minns|first1=Ellis Hovell|title=Scythians and Greeks: A Survey of Ancient History and Archaeology on the North Coast of the Euxine from the Danube to the Caucasus|date=2011|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9781108024877|page=439|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ijJ4o2iorhkC&pg=PA439|language=en}}</ref>
* 684 BC—[[Spring and Autumn period]]: [[Duke Zhuang of Lu|Duke Zhuang]], ruler of the Chinese state of [[Lu (state)|Lu]], defeats [[Duke Huan of Qi]] in the [[Battle of Changshao]].
* 684 BC—Cleoptolemus of [[Laconia]] wins the stadion race at the 24th Olympic Games.<ref name="attalus.org"/>
* 684 BC—[[Taharqa]] gives orders to build a temple to [[Amun-Re]] at [[Kawa, Sudan|Kawa]]<ref name=Macadam61>{{cite book |last=Macadm |first=M.F. Laming |date=1955 |title=The Temples of Kawa II. History and Archaeology of the Site |publisher=Oxford University Press |page=61 }}</ref>
* 682 BC—[[Urtaki]] succeeds [[Shilnak-Inshushinak]] as the king of [[Elam]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.israel-a-history-of.com/ancient-assyrianbabylonianbiblicalcushiteegyptian-and-elamite-historical-confirmations.html|title=Ancient Assyrian,Babylonian,Biblical,Cushite,Egyptian and Elamite historical confirmations|publisher=}}</ref>
* 682 BC—Last year of the reign of [[Sennacherib]], king of the [[Neo-Assyrian Empire]].{{citation needed|date=December 2016}} 
* 682 BC—[[Ripunjaya]], the last king of the [[Brihadratha dynasty]], is assassinated by his minister Punika, who puts his son [[Pradyota]] on throne.
* 681 BC—King [[Sennacherib]] of [[Assyria]] is [[Assassination|assassinated]] by one or two of his sons in the temple of the god [[Ninurta]] at [[Nimrud|Kalhu]] (Northern [[Mesopotamia]]) after a 24-year reign in which he defeated the [[Babylonia]]ns, made [[Nineveh]] (modern [[Iraq]]) a showplace, and diverted the waters of the [[Tigris|Tigris River]] into a huge [[Aqueduct (water supply)|aqueduct]] to supply  the city with [[irrigation]].
* 681 BC—Sennacherib's second wife, [[Naqi'a]] (Zakitu), uses her wiles and influences to have the imperial council appoint her son [[Esarhaddon]] as her husband's successor in preference to the young man's two older brothers, who flee to [[Urartu]] ([[Armenia]]). Esarhaddon, unlike his father, is friendly toward [[Babylon]] and orders her reconstruction.
* 681 BC—[[Xi of Zhou]] becomes king of the [[Zhou Dynasty (1122 BC - 256 BC)|Zhou Dynasty]] ([[China]]).
* 680 BC—[[Esarhaddon]] succeeds [[Sennacherib]] as king of [[Assyria]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Esarhaddon - king of Assyria|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Esarhaddon|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=14 April 2018|language=en}}</ref>
* 680 BC—[[Ancient Greece|Greece]]'s games of the 25th [[Olympiad]] is held at [[Olympia, Greece|Olympia]] with the first [[Equestrianism|equestrian]] event.<ref>{{cite web|title=Ancient Olympics|url=http://ancientolympics.arts.kuleuven.be/eng/TC008aEN.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170106040630/http://ancientolympics.arts.kuleuven.be/eng/TC008aEN.html|archive-date=6 January 2017|access-date=2017-04-04|df=dmy-all}} "Four-horse chariot"</ref> A four-horse [[Chariot racing|chariot race]] is run at the nearby [[hippodrome]], slaves driving the [[chariot]]s in a fierce competition that not infrequently ends in death. Thalpis of Laconia wins the stadion race at the 25th Olympic Games.<ref name="attalus.org"/>
* 680 BC—A [[meteorite]] hits the [[Estonia]]n island of [[Saaremaa]], forming the [[Kaali crater]] (approximate date).

==Births==
* 685 BC—[[Ashurbanipal]], king of [[Neo-Assyrian Empire|Assyria]] (d. c. [[627 BC]])
* 680 BC—Birth of [[Archilochus]], Greek [[Greek lyric|lyric poet]] (approximate date)

==Deaths==
* 689 BC—[[Mushezib-Marduk]], king of Babylon
* 687 BC—[[Hezekiah]], king of [[Kingdom of Judah|Judah]], either this year or [[686 BC|next]]<ref name=Alb/><ref name=reign/> or about a decade earlier.<ref name=Gersh/>
* 686 BC—[[Duke Xiang of Qi]], ruler of the state of Qi
* 686 BC—[[Hezekiah]], king of [[Kingdom of Judah|Judah]], either this year or [[687 BC|the previous]]<ref name=Alb>{{Cite journal |title=The Chronology of the Divided Monarchy of Israel |journal=Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1355182 |last=Albright |first=W. F. |issue=100 |pages=16–22 |doi=10.2307/1355182 |year=1945|jstor=1355182 |s2cid=163845613 }}</ref><ref name=reign>''[[The Mysterious Numbers of the Hebrew Kings]]'', (1st ed.; New York: Macmillan, 1951; 2d ed.; Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1965; 3rd ed.; Grand Rapids: Zondervan/Kregel, 1983). {{ISBN|978-0825438257}}, p. 217.</ref> or about a decade earlier.<ref name=Gersh>{{cite book |last1=Gershon Galil |title=The Chronology of the Kings of Israel and Judah |date=1996 |isbn=9789004106116 |page=104 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QkgEaWG0_j4C&q=726}}</ref>
* 682 BC—[[Zhou zhuang wang]], King of the [[Zhou dynasty]] of [[China]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Li|first1=Xiaobing|title=China at War: An Encyclopedia: An Encyclopedia|date=2012|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=9781598844160|page=548|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R7qNuIJJsNEC&pg=PA548|language=en}}</ref>
* 681 BC—[[Sennacherib]], king of [[Assyria]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:680s Bc}}
[[Category:680s BC| ]]