Editing 649

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[[File:Pope Martin I Illustration.jpg|upright=1.35|thumb|[[Pope Martin I]] (649–655)]]
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Year '''649''' ('''[[Roman numerals|DCXLIX]]''') was a [[common year starting on Thursday]] of the [[Julian calendar]]. The denomination 649 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the [[Anno Domini]] [[calendar era]] became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>

=== By place ===

==== Byzantine Empire ====
* [[Arab–Byzantine wars|Arab–Byzantine War]]: Arab naval forces under [[Abdullah ibn Saad]] conquer [[Cyprus]], sacking the capital [[Salamis, Cyprus|Constantia]] after a short [[siege]], and [[looting]] the rest of the island. The Cypriots agree to pay the same [[revenue]] as they have done to Emperor [[Constans II]].{{sfn|Muir|1898|loc=Chapter&nbsp;XXVIII, "Caliphate of Othman"|p=205}} 
* Constans II orders [[Olympius (exarch)|Olympius]], exarch of the [[Exarchate of Ravenna]], to arrest [[Pope Martin I]] on the ostensible grounds that the pope's election has not been submitted to the emperor for approval, but in fact because of the [[Lateran Council of 649]]'s condemnation of [[Monothelitism]] and the [[Type of Constans]]. Olympius attempts to gain the support of the citizens of [[Rome]] and the [[bishop]]s, with little success, and perhaps considers the assassination of the Pope.

==== Europe ====
*January &ndash; [[Chindasuinth]], at the urging of bishop [[Braulio of Zaragoza]], confirms his son [[Recceswinth]] as co-ruler of the [[Visigothic Kingdom]].<ref>{{cite book|editor=Paulo Alberto|title=Corpus Christianorum, volume 114|publisher=Brepols|year=2005|page=16}}</ref>

==== Arabian Empire ====
* [[Muawiyah I|Muawiyah ibn Abi Sufyan]], governor of [[Syria]], develops an Arab navy in the [[Levant]] and uses it to confront the [[Byzantine Empire]] in the [[Aegean Sea]]. It is manned by [[Monophysitism|Monophysitise Christian]], [[Copts|Coptic]] and [[Jacobite Syrian Christian Church|Syrian Christian]] sailors.

==== China ====
* [[January 19]] &ndash; The [[Tang campaign against Kucha]] ends after the forces of [[Kucha]] surrender, following a 40-day siege led by general Ashina She'er, establishing Chinese control over the northern [[Tarim Basin]] ([[Xinjiang]]). 
* [[June 16]] &ndash; General [[Wang Xuance]] commands a combined Chinese, [[Nepal]]ese, and [[Tibet]]an expedition into [[India]]. He ends up winning the battle and acquiring a Buddhist relic.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://acorn.nationalinterest.in/2009/10/23/649-the-year-china-first-invaded-india/|title = 649 – the year China first invaded India – the Acorn}}</ref>
* [[July 10]] &ndash; Emperor [[Emperor Taizong of Tang|Taizong]] dies after a 23-year reign, in which he has restored the civil administration in China. He is succeeded by his son [[Emperor Gaozong of Tang|Gaozong]], age 20, who becomes ruler of the [[Tang dynasty]].

==== Japan ====
* Emperor [[Emperor Kōtoku|Kōtoku]] has [[Soga no Kurayamada no Ishikawa no Maro|Soga no Kurayamada]] accused of [[treason]]. He strangles himself at the temple of [[Yamada-dera]]. Other relatives of the [[Soga clan]] are captured and executed.

=== By topic ===

==== Religion ====
* [[May 14]] &ndash; [[Pope Theodore I]] dies after a 7-year reign, in which he has shown [[generosity]] to the [[Poverty|poor]]. He is succeeded on July 5 by [[Pope Martin I|Martin I]] as the 74th [[pope]].
* [[October 5]] &ndash; The [[Lateran Council of 649]], summoned by Theodore and carried forward by Martin, opens. It strongly condemns [[Monothelitism]] and the [[Type of Constans]].</onlyinclude>

== Births ==
* Approximate date &ndash; [[Wang Bo (poet)|Wang Bo]], Chinese [[List of Chinese-language poets|poet]] (d. [[676]])
* [[Xue Ne]], Chinese general and [[chancellor of the Tang dynasty]] (d. [[720]])

== Deaths ==
* March &ndash; [[John Climacus]], Syrian [[monk]] and writer (b. c.[[579]])
* [[May 2]] &ndash; [[Marutha of Tikrit]], Persian [[Theology|theologian]] and [[Maphrian]] of the [[Syriac Orthodox Church]] (b. [[565]])
* [[May 14]] &ndash; [[Pope Theodore I]], Jerusalem-born Greek pontiff
* [[July 2]] &ndash; [[Li Jing (Tang dynasty)|Li Jing]], Chinese general and [[chancellor of the Tang dynasty]] (b. [[571]])
* [[July 6]] &ndash; [[Goar of Aquitaine]], [[Priesthood (Catholic Church)|Catholic priest]] and [[hermit]] (b. c.[[585]])
* [[July 10]] &ndash; [[Emperor Taizong of Tang|Taizong]], Chinese [[Tang dynasty]] emperor (b. [[598]])
* [[December 3]] &ndash; [[Birinus]], French-born [[Bishop of Winchester|Bishop of Dorchester]] in Wessex (b. c.600)
* [[Rogallach mac Uatach]], [[Irish people|Irish]] king of [[Connacht]] (murdered)
* [[Soga no Kurayamada no Ishikawa no Maro|Soga no Kurayamada]], [[Japan]]ese [[udaijin]]
* [[Songtsen Gampo]], founder of the [[Tibetan Empire]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

=== Sources ===
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book |last=Muir |first=William |author-link=William Muir |date=1898 |page=205 |title=The Caliphate: Its Rise, Decline, and Fall, from Original Sources |edition=3rd |location=London |publisher=Smith, Elder}}
{{refend}}

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