Editing 63 BC

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Year '''63 BC''' was a year of the [[Roman calendar|pre-Julian Roman calendar]]. At the time it was known as the '''Year of the Consulship of Cicero and Hybrida''' (or, less frequently, '''year 691 ''[[Ab urbe condita]]'''''). The denomination 63 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the [[Anno Domini]] [[calendar era]] became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>

=== By place ===

==== Roman Republic ====
* [[Lucullus]] holds a [[Roman triumph|triumph]], then retires from war and politics to live a life of refined [[wikt:luxury|luxury]].
* Establishment of the [[Decapolis]] and Year 1 of the [[Pompeian era]].
* [[Pompey]] conquers the people of [[Phonecia]], [[Coele-Syria]], and [[Judea]] for the [[Roman Republic]].
* Roman annexation of the [[Seleucid Empire]] and of Judea as a [[client kingdom]]. King [[Judah Aristobulus II]] removed from power, while his brother [[John Hyrcanus II]] is reappointed king ([[ethnarch]]) under Roman [[suzerainty]] and high priest, until [[40 BC]].
* Massacre of over 12,000 [[Jew]]s on the [[Temple Mount]] in [[Jerusalem]] by Roman troops, in support of John Hyrcanus II against Aristobulus II.
* [[Julius Caesar]] is elected [[Pontifex Maximus]] and praetor for 62 BC.<ref name=leglay>{{cite book | title=A History of Rome | edition=Second | first1=Marcel | last1=LeGlay | first2=Jean-Louis | last2=Voisin | first3=Yann | last3=Le Bohec | page=128 | publisher=Blackwell | place=Malden, Massachusetts | year=2001 | isbn=0-631-21858-0}}</ref>
* [[Marcus Tullius Cicero]] is senior [[consul]]. He is the first ''[[novus homo]]'' (new man) to be elected to the [[consulship]] in 31 years.
* [[Gaius Antonius Hybrida]] is junior consul.
* [[Cato the Younger]] is elected [[tribune]] of the people for 62 BC, taking office in early December 63 BC.
* [[Servilius Rullus]], a Roman [[tribune]], proposes an [[agrarian reform]] law.
* [[Second Catilinarian Conspiracy]] against the [[Roman Republic]] is foiled by [[Cicero]].

==== Pontus ====
* [[Pharnaces II of Pontus|Pharnaces II]] becomes King of [[Kingdom of Pontus|Pontus]].
</onlyinclude>

== Births ==
* [[September 23]] &ndash; [[Augustus]], first [[Roman Emperor]] (d. [[AD 14]])<ref>{{cite web |title=BBC - History - Augustus |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/augustus.shtml#:~:text=Augustus%20was%20born%20Gaius%20Octavius,at%20the%20Battle%20of%20Actium. |website=www.bbc.co.uk |access-date=5 April 2021}}</ref>
* [[Didymus Chalcenterus]], Greek scholar and grammarian (approximate date) (d. c. [[AD 10]])
* [[Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa]], Roman statesman and general (d. [[12 BC]])

== Deaths ==
* [[Mithridates VI]], King of [[Kingdom of Pontus|Pontus]] (b. [[135 BC]])
* [[Quintus Caecilius Metellus Pius]], [[pontifex maximus]] and general (b. c. [[130 BC]] or [[127 BC]])
* Those involved in the organisation of the Catilinarian conspiracy in Rome, including [[Publius Cornelius Lentulus Sura]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:63 Bc}}
[[Category:63 BC| ]]