Editing 425

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Year '''425''' ('''[[Roman numerals|CDXXV]]''') was a [[common year starting on Thursday]] of the [[Julian calendar]]. At the time, it was known as the '''Year of the Consulship of [[Theodosius II|Theodosius]] and [[Valentinian III|Valentinianus]]''' (or, less frequently, '''year 1178 ''[[Ab urbe condita]]'''''). The denomination 425 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the [[Anno Domini]] [[calendar era]] became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

== Events ==
[[File:Ravenna 1978 079.jpg|thumb|left|[[Mausoleum of Galla Placidia]] ([[Ravenna]])]]
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=== By place ===

==== Roman Empire ====
* [[Roman civil war of 425|Roman civil war]]: Summer &ndash; [[Joannes]], [[Roman usurper]], is defeated at the fortified city of [[Ravenna]] and brought to [[Aquileia]]. After a humiliating parade on a [[donkey]] and the insults of the populace, he is executed.
* [[October 23]] &ndash; [[Valentinian III]], six-year-old son of [[Galla Placidia]], is installed as emperor (''[[Augustus (honorific)|Augustus]]'') of the [[Western Roman Empire]]. Real power is in the hands of his mother who becomes a [[regent]].
* [[Flavius Aetius]] leads a force of [[Huns]] (60,000 men) into [[Northern Italy]]. He reaches a compromise with Placidia, in return for obtaining the rank [[commander-in-chief]] (''[[magister militum]]'') in [[Gaul]]. 
* The Huns advance unopposed on [[Constantinople]], but are halted by a [[plague (disease)|plague]] that decimates their hordes (see [[433]]).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Attila the Hun |url=https://www.worldhistory.org/Attila_the_Hun/ |access-date=2022-06-01 |website=World History Encyclopedia |language=en}}</ref>

==== Israel ====

* After death of [[Gamaliel VI]], the [[Sanhedrin]] is disbanded by the [[Roman Empire]].
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=== By topic ===

==== Arts and Sciences ====
* Last known usage of [[Demotic (Egyptian)|Demotic]] script in [[Egypt]] (in 452).
* c. 425&ndash;[[426]] &ndash; [[Mausoleum of Galla Placidia]] is built.

==== Education ====
* [[February 27]] &ndash; The [[University of Constantinople]] is founded by emperor [[Theodosius II]] at the urging of his wife [[Aelia Eudocia]].

==== Religion ====
* [[Buddhism]] begins to spread to [[Southeast Asia]].
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== Births ==
* [[Iamblichus]], Syrian philosopher
* [[Zeno (emperor)|Zeno]], [[List of Byzantine emperors|Byzantine Emperor]] (approximate date)

== Deaths ==
* [[November 5]] &ndash; [[Archbishop Atticus of Constantinople|Atticus]], [[archbishop]] of [[Constantinople]]
* [[Gamliel VI]], last ''[[Nasi (Hebrew title)|Nasi]]'' (head of the [[Sanhedrin]])
* [[Helian Bobo]], emperor of the Chinese [[Xiongnu]] state [[Xia (Sixteen Kingdoms)|Xia]] (born [[381]])
* [[Joannes]], Roman [[usurper]] 
* [[Mavia (queen)|Mavia]], Arab warrior-queen
* [[Sulpicius Severus]], Christian writer (approximate date)
* [[Yax Nuun Ayiin I]] 15th [[Ajaw]] of [[Tikal]] (approximate date)

== References ==
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[[Category:425| ]]