Editing 410

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[[File:Sack of Rome by the Visigoths on 24 August 410 by JN Sylvestre 1890.jpg|thumb|[[Sack of Rome (410)|Sack of Rome]] by the [[Visigoths]]]]
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Year '''410''' ('''[[Roman numerals|CDX]]''') was a [[common year starting on Saturday]] of the [[Julian calendar]]. At the time, it was known as the '''Year after the Consulship of [[Honorius (emperor)|Honorius]] and [[Theodosius II|Theodosius]]''' (or, less frequently, '''year 1163 ''[[Ab urbe condita]]'''''). The denomination 410 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the [[Anno Domini]] [[calendar era]] became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

== Events ==

=== By place ===
==== Roman Empire ====
* Spring &ndash; [[Constantine III (Western Roman Emperor)|Constantine III]] crosses the [[Alps]] into [[Liguria]] (Northern Italy), but retreats to [[Gaul]] after [[Gerontius (magister militum)|Gerontius]] revolts in Spain against his son [[Constans II (usurper)|Constans II]]. 
* Raiders from Ireland, such as the [[Uí Liatháin]] and [[Laigin]], harry the coasts of Wales. They plunder towns and capture slaves but later [[Colonization|colonise]] large areas of what is called ''[[Kingdom of Gwynedd|Gwynedd]]'', in particular [[Llŷn Peninsula|Llŷn]], the coasts of [[Arllechwedd]], [[District of Arfon|Arfon]] and the [[Anglesey|Isle of Mona]] (approximate date).  
* [[Constantius III|Flavius Constantius]], Roman general and politician, is promoted to the rank of ''[[magister militum]]''. He becomes the imperial adviser of Honorius, and the [[power behind the throne]] in the [[Western Roman Empire]]. 
* The [[Byzantine Empire|Eastern Roman Empire]] sends six [[Roman legion|legions]] (6,000 men) to aid Honorius at [[Ravenna]]. He negotiates with King [[Alaric I]], who ceremonially deposes [[Priscus Attalus]] as co-emperor.
* [[August 24]] &ndash; The [[Visigoths]] under Alaric I [[Sack of Rome (410)|sack Rome]] after a third siege. Slaves open the [[Porta Salaria|Salarian Gate]] and [[Goths]] loot the city for three days; according to Augustine in ''The City of God'' and others, comparatively few Roman men are killed and women raped. Only two churches are burned, and people who took refuge in churches are usually spared. Many Romans who survived the Sack flee to Africa, or to the Eastern Empire (see [[Saint Jerome]]). It is the first time since [[390 BC]] that Rome has fallen to an enemy. This marks the [[decline of the Roman Empire]]. Only 45 years later, in 455 AD, Rome will again be sacked, this time by the Vandals who will kill, burn, and loot much more ferociously than the Visigoths in 410 AD.
* [[Galla Placidia]], daughter of [[Theodosius I]], is captured by the Visigoths and becomes a hostage during their move from the [[Italian Peninsula]] to [[Gaul]].
* Alaric I marches southwards into [[Calabria]] and makes plans to invade [[Africa (Roman province)|Africa]]. But a [[storm]] destroys his Gothic fleet and many of his soldiers drown. Alaric dies in [[Cosenza]], probably of fever, and his body is buried along with his treasure under the riverbed of the [[Busento]]. He is succeeded by his brother-in-law [[Ataulf]], who becomes king of the Visigoths.
* According to [[Zosimus (historian)|Zosimus]], this is the year when Emperor [[Honorius (emperor)|Honorius]] sends his ''Rescript'' (diplomatic letters) to the [[Romano-British culture|Romano-British]] magistrates, ending [[Roman Empire|Roman]] rule in Great Britain. However this is likely an example of [[Typographical error|scribal error]]. Most recently, David Woods has argued that the account refers instead to [[Raetia]], a Roman province north of Italy.<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.academia.edu/7086995|title=On the Alleged Letters of Honorius to the Cities of Britain in 410|journal=Latomus |volume=71 |year=2012 |page=818 |last1=Woods|first1=David}}</ref>

==== Britain ====

* At around this time, one of the first Anglo-Saxon settlements in Britain, [[Mucking (archaeological site)|Mucking]], is established by the mouth of the Thames River.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=HAMEROW|first=H. F.|date=1991|title=Settlement mobility and the 'Middle Saxon Shift': rural settlements and settlement patterns in Anglo-Saxon England|journal=Anglo-Saxon England|volume=20|pages=1–17|doi=10.1017/S026367510000171X|jstor=44512369|s2cid=162970569 |issn=0263-6751}}</ref> (approximate date)

==== Europe ====
 
* The city of [[Aléria]] on the island of [[Corsica]] is devastated by a huge fire, destroying its port and most of its inhabitants.

==== Asia ====
* Prithivisena becomes king of the [[Vakataka]] in the [[Deccan Plateau|Deccan]] (India).

=== By topic ===
==== Religion ====
* [[Council of Seleucia]]: [[Persian people|Persian]] Christians create a national church and adopt the [[Nicene Creed]]. 
* [[Honoratus]] founds the [[Lérins Abbey|Monastery of Lérins]] on the [[île Saint-Honorat]] (France), and forms a [[Monasticism|monastic]] community.

== Births ==
* [[Pope Gelasius I]], [[Pope]] in Catholic church (d. [[496]])
* [[Severinus of Noricum]], [[monk]] and [[saint]] (approximate date)

== Deaths ==
* [[Alaric I]], king of the [[Visigoths]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Alaric - leader of Visigoths|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Alaric|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=5 January 2018|language=en}}</ref>
* [[Emperor Hanzei|Hanzei]], emperor of Japan (approximate date)
* [[Maron]], [[Syriac Christianity|Syriac Christian]] monk 
* [[Murong Chao]], emperor of [[Southern Yan]] (b. [[385]])
* [[Yujiulü Shelun]], [[khagan]] (emperor) of [[Xianbei]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

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