Editing 400 BC

{{more citations needed|date=March 2024}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2011}}
{{Year nav|-400}}
{{BC year in topic|400}}

[[File:World in 400 BCE.png|thumb|550px|right|Map of the world in 400 BC.]]

[[File:Distribution of Celts in Europe.png|thumb|left|Celtic influence in Europe 400 BC (blue and purple).]]
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Year '''400 BC''' was a year of the [[Roman calendar|pre-Julian Roman calendar]]. In the [[Roman Republic]], it was known as the '''Year of the Tribunate of Esquilinus, Capitolinus, Vulso, Medullinus, Saccus and Vulscus''' (or, less frequently, '''year 354 ''[[Ab urbe condita]]'''''). The denomination 400 BC for this year has been used in Europe since the early medieval period, when the [[Anno Domini]] [[calendar era]] became prevalent there.

== Events ==
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=== By place ===
* [[Artaxerxes II]], king of [[Achaemenid Empire|Persia]], appoints [[Tissaphernes]] to take over all the [[district]]s in [[Asia Minor]] over which Artaxerxes II's brother [[Cyrus the Younger|Cyrus]] had been governor before his revolt.<ref name=Diod1435>{{cite book|last=Siculus|first=Diodorus|title=Library|url=https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/14C*.html#35|volume=XIV|chapter=35}}</ref><ref>Diod. XIV 35.2</ref>
* Tamõs, the [[satrap]] of [[Ionia]], fled from his [[satrapy]] in fear of the king's retribution. He loaded his possessions onto his satrapy's fleet of [[triremes]] and sailed to [[Ancient Egypt|Egypt]] seeking the protection of Psammetichus, the King of the Egyptians. Psammetichus executed Tamõs and his family and took his possessions and fleet for himself.<ref name=Diod1435>{{cite book|last=Siculus|first=Diodorus|title=Library|url=https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/14C*.html#35|volume=XIV|chapter=35}}</ref><ref>Diod. XIV 35.4–5</ref>
* When the Greek cities of [[Ionia]] heard about [[Cyrus the Younger|Cyrus]]' defeat they knew [[Artaxerxes II|Artaxerxes]] would want to exact his revenge on them for supporting Cyrus. They sent several embassies to [[Sparta]] to request the [[Lacedaemonians]] assistance. The Spartans sent [[Thibron (harmost)|Thibron]] who recruits 5,000 soldiers to aid the Ionian Greeks.<ref name=Diod1435>{{cite book|last=Siculus|first=Diodorus|title=Library|url=https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/14C*.html#35|volume=XIV|chapter=35}}</ref><ref name=Diod1436>{{cite book|last=Siculus|first=Diodorus|title=Library|url=https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/14C*.html#36|volume=XIV|chapter=36}}</ref><ref>Diod. XIV 35.6 and 36.1–2</ref>
* Thibron embarks his army at the [[Isthmus of Corinth]] and sails to [[Ephesus]] on the Ionian coast. Upon arrival, he recruits an additional 2,000 soldiers and starts his campaign against [[Tissaphernes]].<ref name=Diod1436/><ref>Diod. XIV 36.2</ref>
* [[Xenophon]]'s "[[Ten Thousand (Greek)|Ten Thousand]]" make their way back to [[Greece]], with most of the men enlisting with the [[Sparta]]ns. Xenophon's successful march through the Persian Empire encourages Sparta to turn on the Persians and begin wars against the Persians in Asia Minor.{{citation needed|date=March 2024}}
* With the outbreak of the war between Sparta and the Persians, the [[Athens|Athenian]] admiral, [[Conon]], obtains joint command, with [[Pharnabazus (5th century BC)|Pharnabazus]], of a Persian fleet.{{citation needed|date=March 2024}}
* War breaks out between [[Sparta]] and [[Ancient Elis|Elis]].{{citation needed|date=March 2024}}
* [[London]] has its origins on a rise above marshy waters at the point where the [[Walbrook]] joins the [[River Thames]]. The [[Celt]]ic king, [[Belinus|Belin]], rebuilds an earth wall surrounding a few dozen huts and orders a small landing place to be cut into the south side of the wall, along the river front, where a wooden quay is built (approximate date).{{citation needed|date=March 2024}}
* [[Amyrtaeus]] of [[Sais]] successfully completes a revolt against Persian control by gaining control of all of [[Upper Egypt]].<ref>{{cite book|first=Muhammed Abdulkadyrovič|last=Dandamaev|translator-first=Willem|translator-last=Togelsang|title=A Political History of the Achaemenid Empire|publisher=Brill|location=Leiden|isbn=978-9-00409-172-6|pages=272–273|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ms30qA6nyMsC}}</ref>
* The [[Olmec]] culture in [[Mesoamerica]] comes to an end as its city of [[La Venta]] is abandoned (approximate date).{{citation needed|date=March 2024}}
* [[San Lorenzo Tenochtitlán]] is abandoned (approximate date).{{citation needed|date=March 2024}}
* The [[Bianzhong of Marquis Yi of Zeng|Bianzhong of the Marquis Yi]] of Zheng are cast.<ref>{{cite book|first=Francis D. K.|last=Ching|title=A Global History of Architecture|location=Newark|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|year=2017|isbn=978-1-11898-133-7|page=152}}</ref>
*[[India]] had the biggest epic on earth - The [[Mahabharata]].{{citation needed|date=March 2024}}

=== By topic ===
* The [[catapult]] is invented by [[Ancient Greece|Greek]] engineers.{{citation needed|date=March 2024}}
* The Mature classical period of [[sculpture]] ends in [[Ancient Greece]] and is succeeded by the fourth-century ([[Late Classical]]) period (approximate date).{{citation needed|date=March 2024}}
* A model of the [[Acropolis]] of [[Athens]] is made. It is now kept at the [[Royal Ontario Museum]] in [[Toronto]], [[Ontario]], Canada (approximate date).{{citation needed|date=March 2024}}
* Theodorus from [[Phokaia]] in [[Asia Minor]], builds the [[Tholos of Delphi]], the sanctuary of Athena Pronaia in [[Delphi]] (approximate date).{{citation needed|date=March 2024}}
* [[Dionysius I of Syracuse|Dionysius I]], Greek tyrant of [[Syracuse, Sicily|Syracuse]], confiscates gold and silver [[coin]]s and re-mints them, keeping the weight the same but changing the [[Denomination (currency)|denomination]] from one to two [[Ancient drachma|drachmae]] — the first known official [[devaluation]] at the expense of the general population. A virulent [[inflation]] ensues (approximate date).{{citation needed|date=March 2024}}
* [[Zoroastrianism]] becomes the faith of many Persians. The Zoroastrians believe in a struggle between their god, [[Ahura Mazda|Mazda]], and the devil. They believe that the birth of their founder, the prophet [[Zoroaster|Zarathustra]], was the beginning of a final [[Epoch (reference date)|epoch]] that is to end in an [[Armageddon]] and triumph of good and evil.{{citation needed|date=March 2024}}
* [[Vedic Brahmanism|Brahmanism]] starts evolving in [[Hinduism]], a process which takes place over the following [[200 BC|200 years]] (approximate date).{{citation needed|date=March 2024}}
</onlyinclude>

== Births ==
* [[Antipater]], a [[Macedon]]ian general (d. [[319 BC]]).<ref>{{cite book|first=Andrew G.|last=Traver|title=From Polis to Empire--The Ancient World, C. 800 B.C. – A.D. 500: A Biographical Dictionary|location=Westport|publisher=Greenwood Press|date=2002|isbn=978-0-31301-656-1|page=31|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=chfHEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA31}}</ref>
* [[Parmenion]], Macedonian general under [[Alexander the Great]] (d. [[330 BC]]).<ref>{{Cite book|first1=Debra|last1=Skelton|first2=Pamela|last2=Dell|title=Empire of Alexander the Great|location=New York|publisher=Chelsea House|date=2009|isbn=978-1-60413-162-8|page=41}}</ref>

== Deaths ==
* [[Aspasia]] of [[Miletus]], widow of [[Pericles]] of [[Athens]] (approximate date) (b. c. [[470 BC]])
* [[Gautama Buddha|Siddhārtha Gautama]] (also known as '''Buddha'''), founder of [[Buddhism]] (approximate date)
* [[Thucydides]], Greek historian (approximate date) (b. c. [[460 BC]])

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

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[[Category:400 BC| ]]