Editing 37 BC

{{short description|Year 37 BC}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2011}}
{{Year nav|-37}}
{{BC year in topic|37}}
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Year '''37 BC''' was either a [[common year starting on Monday]], [[Common year starting on Tuesday|Tuesday]] or [[Common year starting on Wednesday|Wednesday]] or a [[leap year starting on Monday]] or [[Leap year starting on Tuesday|Tuesday]] of the [[Julian calendar]] (the sources differ, see [[Julian calendar#Leap year error|leap year error]] for further information) and a [[leap year starting on Monday]] of the [[Proleptic Julian calendar]]. At the time, it was known as the '''Year of the Consulship of Agrippa and Gallus''' (or, less frequently, '''year 717 ''[[Ab urbe condita]]'''''). The denomination 37 BC for this year has been used since the early [[medieval period]], when the [[Anno Domini]] [[calendar era]] became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

== Events ==
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=== By place ===

==== Roman Republic ====
* [[Consul]]s: [[Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa]] and [[Titus Statilius Taurus]].
* Agrippa creates the [[harbour]] "Portus Julius" in the today-submersed town of Puteoli (the modern [[Pozzuoli]], close to [[Naples]]). The [[port]] is used to train the [[galley|warships]] for [[naval battle]]s, and a new [[Roman navy|fleet]] is built, with 20,000 [[watercraft rowing|oarsmen]] gathered by freeing [[slavery|slaves]]. He also incorporates, on [[Hellenistic-era warships|quinqueremes]], a technical [[innovation]], called the ''harpax'' ("snatcher"): a combination [[ballista]] and [[grappling hook]], based on the [[corvus (weapon)|corvus]].
* [[Augustus|Caesar Augustus (Octavian)]] engineers the "Second Pact of [[History of Taranto|Tarentum]]" which renews the [[Triumvirate]] for an additional five years. [[Mark Antony]] exchanges 120 [[ship]]s, for service against [[Sextus Pompeius]]. Octavian Caesar donates 1,000 [[troop]]s from the [[Praetorian Guard]] and 20,000 [[Roman legionary|legionaries]] for the Parthian campaign in [[Syria]].
* Antony reorganizes [[Asia Minor]] under strongmen loyal to him. He raises troops from his allies: [[Amyntas of Galatia|Amyntas]] and [[Archelaus of Cappadocia|Archelaus]], kings of [[Galatia]] and [[Cappadocia]]. The old kingdom of [[Pontus (region)|Pontus]] is restored, from [[Armenia]] to the River [[Halys River|Halys]] under [[Polemon I of Pontus|Polemon I]].
* Romans conquer [[Jerusalem]] from the [[Parthian Empire|Parthians]]. [[Herod the Great]] becomes king of [[Judea]] and [[Ananelus]] is installed as [[List of High Priests of Israel|High Priest]]; both positions are seized from [[Antigonus II Mattathias]] after a five-month [[siege]]. Thousands of [[Jews]] are slaughtered by Roman troops supporting Herod.

==== Asia ====
* The kingdom of [[Goguryeo]] in [[Korea]] is founded by the king [[Dongmyeong of Goguryeo|Dongmyeong]]. (traditional date)<ref>{{cite web |title=List of Rulers of Korea |url=https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/koru/hd_koru.htm |website=www.metmuseum.org |access-date=18 April 2019}}</ref>
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== Deaths ==
* [[Antigonus II Mattathias]] (Antigonus the Hasmonean) (executed by order of [[Mark Antony]])
* [[Aristobulus II]], king and high priest of [[Judea]] ([[66 BC|66]]&ndash;[[63 BC]]; assassinated)
* [[Jing Fang]], Chinese mathematician and music theorist (b. [[78 BC]])
* [[Orodes II]], king of the [[Parthian Empire]] (b. [[95 BC]])
* [[Grand Empress Dowager Shangguan|Shangguan]], Chinese empress of the [[Han dynasty|Han Dynasty]] 

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:37 Bc}}
[[Category:37 BC| ]]