Editing 344 BC

{{onesource|date=February 2016}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2011}}
{{Year nav|-344}}
{{BC year in topic|344}}
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Year '''344 BC''' was a year of the [[Roman calendar|pre-Julian Roman calendar]]. At the time it was known as the '''Year of the Consulship of Rutilus and Torquatus''' (or, less frequently, '''year 410 ''[[Ab urbe condita]]'''''). The denomination 344 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the [[Anno Domini]] [[calendar era]] became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

== Events ==
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=== By place ===

==== Persian Empire ====
* The king of [[Caria]], [[Idrieus]], dies, leaving the [[Achaemenid Empire|Persian]] [[satrapy]], by his will, to his sister [[Ada of Caria|Ada]], to whom he was married.

==== Greece ====
* [[Philip II of Macedon]] besieges [[Perinthus]], which had defied him and was inclining towards his opponents the [[Athens|Athenians]], the Perinthian's allies [[Byzantium]] and the [[Achaemenid Empire]] support Perinthus in their defence of the city.<ref name=Diod74>{{cite book|last=Siculus|first=Diodorus|title=Library|url=https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/16D*.html#ref44|volume=XVI|chapter=74}}</ref>
* Philip divides his army, leaving one part to besiege Perinthus and taking the other to besiege Byzantium.<ref name=Diod74/>
* The [[Athens|Athenian]] statesman, [[Demosthenes]], travels to [[Peloponnesus]], in order to detach as many cities as possible from [[Macedon]]'s influence, but his efforts are generally unsuccessful. Most of the [[Peloponnese|Peloponnesians]] see [[Philip II of Macedon|Philip II]] as the guarantor of their freedom, so they send a joint embassy to [[Athens]] to express their grievances against Demosthenes' activities. In response to these complaints, Demosthenes delivers the [[Second Philippic]], which is a vehement attack against Philip II.

==== Sicily ====
* The [[aristocracy]] of [[Syracuse, Sicily|Syracuse]] appeal to their mother city of [[Corinth]] against their [[tyrant]] [[Dionysius II of Syracuse|Dionysius II]]. The Corinthian general [[Timoleon]] is chosen to lead a liberation force to [[Sicily]]. Landing at [[Tauromenium]] ([[Taormina]]) on March 21st, Timoleon faces two armies, one under Dionysius and the other under [[Hicetas (tyrant of Syracuse)|Hicetas]] (tyrant of nearby [[Leontini]]), who has also called in [[Carthage|Carthaginian]] forces. By shrewd tactics Timoleon defeats his enemies and occupies Syracuse.
* Dionysius II goes into exile once more after the successful invasion by Timoleon of Corinth.

=== By topic ===

==== Science ====
* The Greek philosopher and scientist, [[Aristotle]], travels from [[Assus]] to [[Lesbos Island|Lesbos]] to study natural history, especially marine biology.
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== Births ==
*

== Deaths ==
* [[Idrieus]], king of [[Caria]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

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[[Category:344 BC| ]]