Editing 2nd Infantry Division (United States)

{{Short description|Active US Army formation}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}
{{Infobox military unit
| unit_name                     = 2nd Infantry Division
| image                         = 2nd-infantry-division-united-states-army-shoulder-indian-army.png
| caption                       = 2nd ID [[Shoulder Sleeve Insignia]]
| dates                         = 1917 - present
| country                       = {{flag|United States}}<br>
{{flag|South Korea}}
| branch                        = {{army|United States}}
| type                          = [[Infantry]]
| role                          = [[Headquarters]]
| size                          = [[Division (military)|Division]]
| command_structure             = {{Flagicon image|Flag of the Eighth United States Army.svg}} [[Eighth United States Army|Eighth Army]]
| current_commander             = [[Major general (United States)|Major General]] [[Charles T. Lombardo]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.2id.korea.army.mil/Leadership/Article-Display/Article/2645411/major-general-charles-lombardo/|title=Commanding General, 2ID/RUCD|access-date=2024-06-27}}</ref>
| commander2                    = [[Brigadier General]] Robert S. Brown
| commander2_label              = Deputy Commanding General (Maneuver)
| commander3                    = [[Brigadier General]] Scott C. Woodward
| commander3_label              = Deputy Commanding General (Support)
| commander4                    = [[Brigadier General]] Jeong Hyeok Kim, [[Republic of Korea Army|ROK Army]]
| commander4_label              = Deputy Commanding General ([[Republic of Korea Army|ROKA]])
| commander5                    = [[Command Sergeant Major]] Kenneth R. Franco
| commander5_label              = Command Sergeant Major
| garrison                      = [[Camp Humphreys]], [[South Korea]] (HQ)<br>[[Joint Base Lewis-McChord]], [[Washington (state)|Washington]], U.S.
| nickname                      = "Indianhead"<ref name=SUD>{{cite web |title=Special Unit Designations |url=http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/spdes-123-ra_ar.html |publisher=[[United States Army Center of Military History]] |date=21 April 2010 |access-date=23 June 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090512061407/http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/spdes-123-ra_ar.html |archive-date=12 May 2009 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
| motto                         = "Second to None"
| colors                        = {{nowrap|{{Color box|#B22234|border=darkgray}}{{Color box|#3C3B6E|border=darkgray}} [[Red]] and [[blue]]}}
| march                         = "Warrior March"
| website                       = [https://www.facebook.com/groups/958619230836429/ Facebook page]
| battles                       = {{tree list}}
*[[World War I]]
** [[Third Battle of the Aisne|Aisne]]
** [[Battle of Belleau Wood|Belleau Wood]]
** [[Second Battle of the Marne|Aisne-Marne]]
** [[Battle of Saint-Mihiel|St. Mihiel]]
** [[Meuse-Argonne Offensive|Meuse-Argonne]]
*[[World War II]]
** [[Operation Overlord]]
** [[Allied advance from Paris to the Rhine]]
** [[Battle of the Bulge]]
** [[Western Allied invasion of Germany]]
*[[Korean War]]
** [[Battle of Pusan Perimeter]]
** [[Battle of the Ch'ongch'on River]]
** [[First and Second Battles of Wonju]]
** [[Battle of Chipyong-ni]]
** [[Battle of Bloody Ridge]]
** [[Battle of Heartbreak Ridge]]
*[[Korean DMZ Conflict]]
*[[War on terror]]
**[[Iraq War]]
**[[War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)|War in Afghanistan]]
{{tree list/end}}
| notable_commanders            = [[List of commanders of 2nd Infantry Division (United States)|Complete list of commanders]]
| anniversaries                 = 
| identification_symbol         = [[File:2nd Infantry Division CSIB.png|100px|center]]
| identification_symbol_label   = [[Combat service identification badge]]
| identification_symbol_2       = [[File:2nd Infantry Division DUI.png|100px|center]]
| identification_symbol_2_label = [[Distinctive unit insignia|Distinctive insignia]]
| identification_symbol_3       = [[File:Flag of the United States Army 2nd Infantry Division.svg|100px|center]]
| identification_symbol_3_label = [[Military colours, standards and guidons|Flag]]
| identification_symbol_4       = [[File:US Army Combined Division Tab.png|100px|center]]
| identification_symbol_4_label = 2nd ID and [[Capital_Mechanized_Infantry_Division#Current_Status|16th MIB (ROKA)]] Combined Div HQ [[Tabs of the United States Army|Tab]]
}}
{{Military unit sidebar|title=US Infantry Divisions|previous=[[1st Infantry Division (United States)|1st Infantry Division]]|next=[[3rd Infantry Division (United States)|3rd Infantry Division]]}}

The '''2nd Infantry Division (2ID, 2nd ID)''' ("Indianhead")<ref name = SUD/> is a formation of the [[United States Army]]. Since the 1960s, its primary mission has been the pre-emptive defense of [[South Korea]] in the event of an invasion from [[North Korea]]. Approximately 17,000 soldiers serve in the 2nd Infantry Division, with 10,000 stationed in South Korea, accounting for about 35% of the [[United States Forces Korea]] personnel.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.armytimes.com/article/20130320/NEWS/303200028/Army-bans-alcohol-2nd-ID-South-Korea | title=Army bans alcohol for 2nd ID in South Korea | work=Army Times| access-date=5 April 2013 | author=Tan, Michelle}}</ref> Known as the '''2nd Infantry Division-ROK/U.S. Combined Division''' (2ID/RUCD), the division is bolstered by rotational [[Brigade combat team|Brigade Combat Teams]] (BCTs) from other U.S. Army divisions.<ref>[https://www.army.mil/article/177382/rotational_units_join_2idrucd_ensure_continued_fight_tonight_readiness "Rotational units join 2ID/RUCD, ensure continued Fight Tonight readiness"]. Access date: 2016-10-28</ref><ref name="2idRUcd">Sgt. Raquel Villlalona, 2ID/RUCD Public Affairs [https://www.army.mil/article/213356/2id_regimental_walk_a_new_chapter (5 Nov 2018) 2ID Regimental Walk, A New Chapter] </ref><ref name="dChoi">David Choi [https://www.stripes.com/branches/army/2022-06-03/south-korea-combined-division-anniversary-6219825.html (3 Jun 2022) US-South Korea combined division celebrates its seventh anniversary] </ref>

The 2nd Infantry Division is unique as the only U.S. Army division to incorporate South Korean soldiers through the [[KATUSA]] (Korean Augmentation to the U.S. Army) program, which began in 1950 with the agreement of South Korean President [[Syngman Rhee]]. By the end of the [[Korean War]], around 27,000 KATUSAs had served with U.S. forces. As of May 2006, roughly 1,100 KATUSA soldiers are assigned to 2ID. Between 1950 and 1954, over 4,748 Dutch soldiers also served with the division.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.defensie.nl/onderwerpen/historische-missies/missie-overzicht/1950/korea-oorlog|title=Korea-oorlog - Historische missies |date=13 January 2016 |publisher=Ministerie van Defensie (www.defensie.nl)}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.defensie.nl/onderwerpen/historische-missies/missie-overzicht/1950/korea-oorlog/nederlands-aandeel|title=Nederlands aandeel Korea-oorlog - Historische missies |publisher=Ministerie van Defensie (www.defensie.nl)|date=13 January 2016}}</ref>

==History==

===World War I===
[[File:Preston Brown.jpg|thumb|right|upright|[[Preston Brown (general)|Preston Brown]], wearing the 2nd Division insignia]]
[[File:Major General Edward Mann Lewis, US Army.jpg|thumb|right|upright|[[Edward Mann Lewis]], with decorations]]
The 2nd Division was first constituted on 21 September 1917 in the [[Regular Army (United States)|Regular Army]].<ref name="lineage">{{cite web |url=http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/div/002id.htm |title=Lineage and Honors Information: 2nd Infantry Division |publisher=[[United States Army Center of Military History]] |access-date=3 November 2009 |archive-date=17 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200917043305/https://history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/div/002id.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>In World War I, there was only one type of division in the US Army, the infantry division, and all divisions were called simply "Division".</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Rinaldi |first=Richard A. |title=The U. S. Army in World War I: Orders of Battle |publisher=General Data LLC |year=2004 |pages=29–30 |isbn=0-9720296-4-8}}</ref><ref name="stanton2006"/> It was organized on 26 October 1917 at [[Bourmont]], [[Haute Marne]], France.<ref name="divhist">{{cite web |url=http://www.2id.korea.army.mil/history/ |title=2nd Infantry Division Homepage: History |publisher=2nd Infantry Division |access-date=4 November 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120707025859/http://www.2id.korea.army.mil/history |archive-date=7 July 2012}}</ref>

====Order of battle====
[[File:Second Infantry Division Order of Battle.png|thumb|Order of Battle for the Second Infantry Division in the First World War]]
* Headquarters, 2nd Infantry Division
*  [[U.S. 3rd Infantry Brigade|3rd Infantry Brigade]]
** [[9th Infantry Regiment (United States)|9th Infantry Regiment]]
** [[23rd Infantry Regiment (United States)|23rd Infantry Regiment]]
** 5th Machine Gun Battalion
* [[4th Marine Expeditionary Brigade|4th Marine Brigade]]
** [[5th Marine Regiment (United States)|5th Marine Regiment]]
** [[6th Marine Regiment (United States)|6th Marine Regiment]]
** [[6th Machine Gun Battalion (United States Marine Corps)|6th Machine Gun Battalion]]
* 2nd Field Artillery Brigade
** [[12th Field Artillery Regiment]] (75&nbsp;mm)
** [[15th Field Artillery Regiment (United States)|15th Field Artillery Regiment]] (75&nbsp;mm)
** [[17th Field Artillery Regiment]] (155&nbsp;mm)
** 2nd Trench Mortar Battery
* 4th Machine Gun Battalion
* 2nd Engineer Regiment
* 1st Field Signal Battalion
* Headquarters Troop, 2nd Division
* 2nd Train Headquarters and Military Police
** 2nd Ammunition Train
** 2nd Supply Train
** 2nd Engineer Train
** 2nd Sanitary Train
*** 1st, 15th, 16th, and 23rd Ambulance Companies and Field Hospitals<ref name=McClellan>{{cite book|last1=McClellan|first1=Major Edwin N.|title=The United States Marine Corps in the World War|date=1920|publisher=U.S. Marine Corps History Division|location=Washington D.C.|url=http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/usmchist/war.txt|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20001214065600/http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/usmchist/war.txt|url-status=dead|archive-date=14 December 2000|access-date=23 February 2017}}</ref><ref name="mcgrath">{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KWrLJj-iTlAC&q=The+Brigade%3A+A+History%3A+Its+Organization+and+Employment+in+the+US+Army | title=The Brigade: A History: Its Organization and Employment in the US Army | publisher=Combat Studies Institute Press | last=McGrath | first=John J. | year=2004 | page=165 | isbn=978-1-4404-4915-4}}</ref>

Twice during World War I the division was commanded by [[US Marine Corps]] generals, [[Brigadier General]] [[Charles A. Doyen]] and [[Major General]] [[John A. Lejeune]] (after whom the Marine Corps Camp in North Carolina is named), the only time in U.S. military history when Marine Corps officers commanded an Army division.<ref name="divhist"/>

The division spent the winter of 1917–18 training with French and Scottish veterans. Though judged unprepared by French tacticians, the [[American Expeditionary Force]] (AEF) was committed to combat in the spring of 1918 in a desperate attempt to halt a German advance toward Paris. Major General [[Edward Mann Lewis]] Commanded the 3rd Brigade as they deployed to reinforce the battered French along the Paris to Metz road. The division first fought at the [[Battle of Belleau Wood]] and contributed to shattering the four-year-old stalemate on the battlefield during the [[Battle of Château-Thierry (1918)|Château-Thierry campaign]] that followed.

On 28 July 1918, Marine Corps Major General [[John A. Lejeune|Lejeune]] assumed command of the 2nd Division and remained in that capacity until August 1919, when the unit returned to the US. The division went on to win hard-fought victories at [[Battle of Soissons (1918)|Soissons]] and [[Battle of Blanc Mont Ridge|Blanc Mont]]. Finally the Indianhead Division participated in the [[Meuse-Argonne Offensive]] which ended any German hope for victory. On 11 November 1918 the [[Armistice]] was declared, and the 2nd Division entered Germany, where it assumed occupation duties until April 1919.

The 2nd Division was three times awarded the [[Croix de guerre 1914–1918|French Croix de guerre]] for gallantry under fire at Belleau Wood, Soissons, and Blanc Mont. This entitles current members of the division and of those regiments that were part of the division at that time (including the 5th and 6th Marine Regiments) to wear a special lanyard, or [[fourragère]], in commemoration. The Navy authorized a special uniform change that allows hospital corpsmen assigned to 5th and 6th Marine Regiments to wear a shoulder strap on the left shoulder of their dress uniform so that the fourragère can be worn.

The division lost 1,964 (plus USMC: 4,478) killed in action and 9,782 (plus USMC: 17,752) wounded in action.{{Citation needed|date=February 2017|reason=These numbers don't make sense. All USMC deaths in France during WWI did not exceed 3,300. According to one reference I found, the 2nd Division's wounded totaled 9,515 between March and November 1918. I can't find an official Army/USMC killed/wounded breakout, or I'd correct it.}}

====Major operations====
[[File:Omar Bundy & John A. Lejeune.jpg|thumb|upright|Omar Bundy & John A. Lejeune]]
* [[Third Battle of the Aisne]]
* [[Battle of Belleau Wood|Belleau Wood]]
* [[Battle of Château-Thierry (1918)|Château-Thierry campaign]]
* [[Battle of Saint-Mihiel|St. Mihiel]]
* [[Meuse-Argonne Offensive]]
* [[Aisne-Marne offensive]]
* Source for World War I data and information: [[United States Army Center of Military History]], The Army Almanac: A Book of Facts Concerning the Army of the United States, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1950, pp.&nbsp;510–592.

===Interwar years===

The 2nd Division arrived at Hoboken, [[New Jersey]], on 3 August 1919 after completing 8 months of occupation duty near [[Koblenz]], [[Neuwied|Heddesdorf]], and [[Dierdorf]], [[Germany]]. It moved to [[Camp Mills]], [[New York (U.S. state)|New York]], where all emergency period personnel were discharged from the service, and the 4th Marine Brigade was relieved from assignment to the division. It proceeded to [[Camp Travis (Texas)|Camp Travis]], in [[San Antonio, Texas]], on 16 August 1919 where it remained until Camp Travis was absorbed into Fort Sam Houston in 1922. The 4th Infantry Brigade (consisting of the 1st and 20th Infantry Regiments) was assigned to replace the 4th Marine Brigade in the division structure, and was activated in October 1920 at Camp Travis. The division was allotted to the [[Eighth Corps Area]] and the [[VIII Corps (United States)|VIII Corps]] in 1921. The 2nd Division was the most combat-ready division stationed in the continental United States during most of the interwar period, given that the majority of the unit was stationed at a single post and the division headquarters staff was not allowed to atrophy like those of the 1st or 3rd Divisions, the other two nominally active stateside Regular Army divisions. 

During the early post-World War I period, the division’s time was spent rebuilding and training on a limited scale. The slow pace left time for the division to assist Hollywood in making movies about the Army. Division units participated in [[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer]]’s movie ''[[The Big Parade]]'' in May and June 1925 and in ''[[Wings (1927 film)|Wings]]'' in April 1926. By 1926, however, maneuver training of divisional units was becoming more frequent, leaving little time for movies. The maneuvers generally took place in May, before the division’s units assisted the training of [[United States Army Reserve|Organized Reserve]] units, [[Citizens Military Training Camps]] (CMTC), and ROTC cadets during the summer. Typically, the division would deploy to [[Camp Bullis]], Texas, or areas west of San Antonio, and perform field training, usually at company and battalion level. The division deployment would culminate in brigade-versus-brigade maneuvers near the end of the field training period. 

After transfer of the 4th Infantry Brigade to [[Fort D. A. Russell (Wyoming)|Fort D.A. Russell]], [[Wyoming]] (later renamed [[Francis E. Warren Air Force Base|Fort Francis E. Warren]]), in 1927, the [[1st Cavalry Division (United States)|1st Cavalry Division]]'s [[1st Brigade Combat Team, 1st Cavalry Division (United States)|1st Cavalry Brigade]] began to road-march over from [[Fort Clark, Texas]], to participate in combined arms maneuvers each May. Once the division maneuvers were complete, the division shifted to training the Reserve components. The 3rd Infantry Brigade usually trained Reserve officers of the [[90th Infantry Division (United States)|90th Division]], Infantry CMTC, and ROTC cadets. Units of the 2nd Field Artillery Brigade trained the artillery officers of the 90th Division, the XVIII Corps, and several General Headquarters Reserve (GHQR) artillery units in the Eighth Corps Area. After transferring to Fort Francis E. Warren, the 4th Infantry Brigade conducted their maneuver training at the Pole Mountain Military Reservation where they also trained their affiliate Reserve units of the [[104th Infantry Division (United States)|104th Division]]. In 1936, the division participated in the Third Army [[military exercise|command post exercise]] (CPX) at Camp Bullis to prepare army, corps, and division staffs for future large-scale army maneuvers. The next major training event for the division came in September 1937 when it participated in the Provisional Infantry Division (PID) tests at Camp Bullis. The “Indianhead” Division was temporarily reorganized with three regiments to test the concept of the “triangular” division. The exercise was apparently very successful as further tests were called for after analysis of the results by Army planners. The following year, units of the Eighth Corps Area including the 2nd Division were assembled at Camp Bullis for the Third Army maneuvers. In January 1939, the division was reorganized for the second time as a triangular division, this time for the Provisional 2nd Division (P2D) tests. These tests finalized the decision to adopt the new triangular organization for Regular Army divisions. As a result, in October 1939, the division’s 4th Infantry Brigade was disbanded, the 1st and 20th Infantry Regiments were relieved from assignment, and the 38th Infantry Regiment was assigned to the division to make its transition to the triangular concept complete. 

In May 1940, the “Indianhead” Division deployed to the vicinity of [[Horton, Texas]], to train under the new organization in preparation for the next Third Army maneuver. The 1940 Third Army maneuvers were held in west-central [[Louisiana]] in August 1940 and were primarily performed with the Regular Army and National Guard divisions stationed in the Fourth and Eighth Corps Areas. After the exercises in Louisiana, the “Indianhead” Division returned to Fort Sam Houston. The following June, the division moved to [[Brownwood, Texas]], to participate in the VIII Corps maneuver held there that month. In August 1941, the division, now redesignated as the 2nd Infantry Division, returned to the Louisiana Maneuver Area for the [[Louisiana Maneuvers|GHQ maneuvers between the Second and Third Armies]], after which it returned to its home station.<ref>{{cite book|last=Clay|first=Steven E.|date=2010|title=U.S. Army Order of Battle, 1919-1941, Volume 1. The Arms: Major Commands and Infantry Organizations, 1919-41|location=Fort Leavenworth, KS|publisher=Combat Studies Institute Press|page=208-210}}{{source-attribution}}</ref>

On 27 July 1942, the division was again transferred to the Louisiana Maneuver Area, remaining there until 22 September 1942, whereupon the formation again returned to Fort Sam Houston. It then moved to [[Camp McCoy]] at [[Sparta, Wisconsin|Sparta]], Wisconsin, on 27 November 1942. Four months of intensive training for winter warfare followed. In September 1943 the division received its staging orders, and moved to the [[Camp Shanks]] staging area at [[Orangeburg, New York|Orangeburg]], New York on 3 October 1943, where it received port call orders. On 8 October the division officially sailed from the [[New York Port of Embarkation]], and started arriving in [[Belfast]], [[Northern Ireland]] on 17 October. It then moved to England, where it trained and staged for forward movement to France.<ref name="stanton2006">{{cite book | title=World War II Order of Battle: An Encyclopedic Reference to U.S. Army Ground Forces from Battalion through Division, 1939–1946 | publisher=Stackpole Books | author=Stanton, Shelby | year=2006 | page=77 | isbn=0-8117-0157-3}}</ref>
[[File:Second Division Memorial - Washington, D.C..jpg|thumb|[[Second Division Memorial]], dedicated in 1936, is located in [[President's Park]], Washington, D.C.]]

===World War II===
[[File:2nd US Infantry Division WWII.png|thumb|right|500px|December 1944 order of battle]]

====Assignments in European Theater of Operations====
# 22 October 1943: Attached to First Army
# 24 December 1943: XV Corps, but attached to First Army
# 14 April 1944: V Corps, First Army
# 1 August 1944: V Corps, First Army, 12th Army Group
# 17 August 1944: [[XIX Corps (United States)|XIX Corps]]
# 18 August 1944: VIII Corps, Third Army, 12th Army Group
# 5 September 1944: VIII Corps, Ninth Army, 12th Army Group
# 22 October 1944: VIII Corps, First Army, 12th Army Group
# 11 December 1944: V Corps
# 20 December 1944: Attached, with the entire First Army, to the British 21st Army Group
# 18 January 1945: V Corps, First Army, 12th Army Group
# 28 April 1945: VII Corps
# 1 May 1945: V Corps
# 6 May 1945: Third Army, 12th Army Group

====Narrative====
[[File:2nd Infantry Division, E-1 draw, Easy Red sector, Omaha Beach, D+1, June 7, 1944.jpg|thumb|2nd Infantry Division marching up the bluff at the E-1 draw of Omaha Beach (7 June 1944). They are going past the German resistance nest 65 that defended the route to Saint-Laurent-sur-Mer.|left]]
After training in [[Northern Ireland]] and [[Wales]] from October 1943 to June 1944, the 2nd Infantry Division crossed the channel to land on [[Omaha Beach]] on [[Normandy landings|D]] plus 1 (7 June 1944) near [[Saint-Laurent-sur-Mer]], however around 150 men from the 9th & 23rd Infantry Regiments and 2nd Combat Engineer Battalion volunteered to assist the operations of the Special Engineer Task Force and their Operations on June 6th, these men were disperse into the various Assault Gap Teams of the 146th & 299th Combat Engineer Battalions and landed with them at H-Plus 3 at Omaha Beach. Attacking across the [[Aure River]] on 10 June, the division liberated [[Trévières]] and proceeded to assault and secure Hill 192, a key enemy strong point on the road to [[Saint-Lô#World War II|Saint-Lo]]. After three weeks of fortifying the position and by order of Commanding General [[Walter M. Robertson]], the order was given to take Hill 192. On 11 July under the command of Col. [[Ralph Wise Zwicker]] the [[38th Infantry Regiment (United States)|38th Infantry Regiment]] and with the 9th and the 23rd by his side the battle began at 5:45am. Using an artillery concept from World War I ([[rolling barrage]]) and with the support of 25,000 rounds of HE/WP that were fired by 8 artillery battalions, the hill was taken. Except for three days during the [[Battle of the Bulge]], this was the heaviest expenditure of ammunition by the 38th Field Artillery Battalion, and it was the only time during the 11 months of combat that 2nd Division artillery used a rolling barrage. The division went on the defensive until 26 July. After exploiting the Saint-Lo breakout, the 2nd Division then advanced across the [[Vire (river)|Vire]] to take [[Tinchebray]] on 15 August 1944. The division then raced toward [[Brest, France|Brest]], the heavily defended port fortress that was a major port for German [[U-boat]]s. After 39 days of fighting the [[Battle for Brest]] was won, and was the first place the [[United States Army Air Forces|Army Air Forces]] used [[Bunker buster|bunker busting]] bombs.{{Citation needed|date=September 2012}}

The division took a brief rest 19–26 September before moving to defensive positions at [[St. Vith]], [[Belgium]] on 29 September 1944. The division entered [[Germany]] on 3 October 1944, and was ordered, on 11 December 1944, to attack and seize the [[Roer River]] dams. The German [[Battle of the Bulge|Ardennes offensive]] in mid-December forced the division to withdraw to defensive positions near [[Battle of Elsenborn Ridge|Elsenborn Ridge]], where the German drive was halted. In February 1945 the division attacked, recapturing lost ground, and seized [[Gemund]], 4 March. Reaching the [[Rhine]] on 9 March, the division advanced south to take [[Breisig]], 10–11 March, and to guard the [[Remagen bridge]], [[Battle of Remagen|12–20 March]].
[[File:SC 201439-S -Pfc. John P. Miskovich, of 847 W. 84th St., Los Angeles, Calif., gives his views on front line movies to his unit correspondent, Pfc. Robert J. Donovan, of Buffalo, N.Y (53006053964).jpg|left|thumb|Two soldiers of 9th Infantry Regiment of 2nd Division in front of a military cinema, provided for soldiers' entertainment (1 March 1945).]]
The division crossed the Rhine on 21 March and advanced to [[Hadamar]] and [[Limburg an der Lahn]], relieving elements of the [[US 9th Armored Division|9th Armored Division]], 28 March. Advancing rapidly in the wake of the 9th Armored, the 2nd Infantry Division crossed the [[Weser]] at [[Veckerhagen]], 6–7 April, captured [[Göttingen]] 8 April, established a bridgehead across the [[Saale]], 14 April, seizing [[Merseburg]] on 15 April. On 18 April the division took [[Leipzig]],<ref>[https://www.stadtmuseum.leipzig.de/media/wmZoom/Z0120/Z0120089.jpg Stadtgeschichtliches Museum Leipzig, Foto by Robert Capa: American soldiers crossing Zeppelin Bridge, Leipzig, Germany, April 18, 1945]</ref> mopped up in the area, and outposted the [[Mulde River]]; elements which had crossed the river were withdrawn 24 April. Relieved on the Mulde, the 2nd moved 200&nbsp;miles, 1–3 May, to positions along the German-[[Czech Republic|Czech]] border near [[Schönsee]] and [[Waldmünchen]], where 2 ID relieved the [[97th Infantry Division (United States)|97th]] and [[99th Infantry Division (United States)|99th IDs]]. The division crossed over to [[Czechoslovakia]] on 4 May 1945, and attacked in the general direction of [[Plzeň|Pilsen]], attacking that city on [[VE Day]]. The division lost 3,031 killed in action, 12,785 wounded in action, and 457 died of wounds.

[[File:2nd Infantry Division, From D+1 to 105 - cover.jpg|thumb|right|World War II unit history]]
The 2nd Infantry Division returned to the [[New York Port of Embarkation]] on 20 July 1945, and arrived at [[Camp Swift]] at [[Bastrop, Texas|Bastrop]], Texas on 22 July 1945. They started a training schedule to prepare them to participate in the scheduled [[Operation Downfall#Coronet|invasion of Japan]], but they were still at Camp Swift on [[VJ Day]]. They then moved to the staging area at [[Camp Stoneman]] at [[Pittsburg, California|Pittsburg]], California on 28 March 1946, but the move eastward was canceled, and they received orders to move to [[Fort Lewis (Washington)|Fort Lewis]] at [[Tacoma, Washington|Tacoma]], Washington. They arrived at Fort Lewis on 15 April 1946, which became their home station. From their Fort Lewis base, they conducted Arctic, air transportability, amphibious, and maneuver training.

====Campaign participation credit====
* [[Invasion of Normandy|Normandy]]
* [[Operation Overlord|Northern France]]
* [[Allied advance from Paris to the Rhine|Rhineland]]
* [[Ardennes-Alsace]]
* [[Central Europe Campaign|Central Europe]]
* Days of combat: 303

====Casualties====
*'''Total battle casualties:''' 16,795<ref name="ReferenceA">Army Battle Casualties and Nonbattle Deaths (Statistical and Accounting Branch, Office of the Adjutant General, 1 June 1953</ref>
*'''Killed in action:''' 3,031<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
*'''Wounded in action:''' 12,785<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
*'''Missing in action:''' 193<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
*'''Prisoner of war:''' 786<ref name="ReferenceA"/>

====Awards and decorations ====
* [[Medal of Honor|Medals of Honor]]: 6
* [[Distinguished Service Cross (United States)|Distinguished Service Crosses]]: 34
* [[Distinguished Service Medal (U.S. Army)|Distinguished Service Medals]]: 1
* [[Silver Star]]s: 741
* [[Legion of Merit|Legions of Merit]]: 25
* [[Soldier's Medal|Soldier's Medals]]: 14
* [[Bronze Star Medal|Bronze Stars]]: 5,530
* [[Air Medal]]s: 89
* [[Distinguished Unit Citation]]s: 16

===Korean War===
[[File:U.S. Army machine gun team near the Chongchon River in North Korea (November 1950).jpg|thumb|2nd Infantry Division soldiers in action during the [[Battle of the Ch'ongch'on River]] in late November 1950|left]]
With the outbreak of hostilities in Korea on 25 June 1950, the 2nd Infantry Division was quickly alerted for movement to the [[Far East Command (United States)|Far East Command]] and assignment to the [[Eighth United States Army]]. The division arrived in Korea, via [[Pusan]] on 23 July, becoming the first unit to reach Korea directly from the United States.{{Citation needed|date=September 2012}} Initially employed piecemeal, the entire division was committed as a unit on 24 August 1950, relieving the [[US 24th Infantry Division|24th Infantry Division]] at the [[Naktong River]] Line. The first big test came when the [[North Korea]]n [[Korean People's Army]] (KPA) struck in a human wave attack on the night of 31 August. In the 16-day battle that followed, the division's clerks, bandsmen, technical and supply personnel joined in the fight to defend against the attackers.{{Citation needed|date=December 2011}}

Shortly thereafter, the division was the first unit to [[Pusan Perimeter Offensive|break out of the Pusan Perimeter]] starting on 16 September and [[Eighth United States Army|Eighth Army]] then [[UN September 1950 counteroffensive|began a general offensive northward]] against crumbling KPA opposition to establish contact with forces of the [[7th Infantry Division (United States)|7th Infantry Division]] driving southward from the [[Battle of Inchon|Inchon beachhead]]. Major elements of the KPA were destroyed and cut off in this aggressive penetration; the link-up was effected south of [[Suwon]] on 26 September. On 23 September the division was assigned to the newly activated US [[IX Corps (United States)|IX Corps]]. The UN offensive was continued northwards, past [[Seoul]], and across the [[38th parallel north|38th Parallel]] [[UN offensive into North Korea|into North Korea]] on 1 October. The momentum of the attack was maintained, and the race to the North Korean capital, [[Pyongyang]], ended on 19 October when elements of the ROK [[1st Infantry Division (South Korea)|1st Infantry Division]] and US [[1st Cavalry Division (United States)|1st Cavalry Division]] both [[Battle of Pyongyang (1950)|captured the city]]. The advance continued, but against unexpectedly stiffening resistance. The Chinese [[People's Volunteer Army]] (PVA) entered the war on the side of North Korea, making their [[UN offensive into North Korea#Chinese First Phase Campaign (25 October-6 November)|first attacks]] in late October. The division was within {{convert|50|mi}} of the Manchurian border when the PVA launched their [[Second Phase Offensive]] on 25 November. During the [[Battle of the Ch'ongch'on River]], soldiers of the 2nd Infantry Division were given the mission of protecting the rear and right flank of the Eighth Army as it retired to the south. After this battle, while surrounded and outgunned, the division had to fight its way south through what was to become known as "The Gauntlet" - a PVA roadblock {{convert|6|mi}} long where the 23rd Infantry Regiment fired off its stock of 3,206 artillery shells within 20 minutes, a massive barrage that prevented PVA troops from following the regiment. A large number of documents, including all records from the US 2nd Infantry Division and the US 24th Infantry Regiment, were  lost during the battle, and this  made it difficult for historians to either analyze the events in detail or to assess the exact battle damage and losses incurred.<ref name=applemanxv_142_285>{{cite book| last = Appleman
| first= Roy| year= 1989| title= Disaster in Korea: The Chinese Confront MacArthur| publisher = Texas A and M University Military History Series | volume = 11| location = College Station, TX| isbn = 978-1-60344-128-5 |pages=xv, 142, 285}}</ref> However, it was later approximated that the US 2nd Infantry Division had suffered 4,037 casualties, and most of its artillery pieces, 40 percent of its signal equipment, 45 percent of its crew-served weapons, 30 percent of its vehicles were lost during the battle.<ref name=appleman289>{{harvnb|Appleman|1989|p=289}}.</ref> Thus, the US 2nd Infantry Division was deemed to be crippled,<ref name=appleman285>{{harvnb|Appleman|1989|p=285}}.</ref> Major General [[Laurence B. Keiser]] commander of 2nd Infantry Division was relieved from command by the end of the battle.<ref name=appleman290_291>{{harvnb|Appleman|1989|pp=290–291}}.</ref>

The Eighth Army ordered a [[UN retreat from North Korea|complete withdrawal]] to the [[Imjin River]], south of the [[38th parallel north|38th Parallel]]. On 1 January 1951, PVA troops attacked the Eighth Army's defensive line at the Imjin River, forcing them back {{convert|50|mi}} and allowing the PVA to [[Third Battle of Seoul|capture Seoul]]. The PVA offensive was finally blunted by the 2nd Infantry Division on 20 January at [[First and Second Battles of Wonju|Wonju]]. Following the establishment of defenses south of Seoul, General [[Matthew B. Ridgway]] ordered US [[I Corps (United States)|I]], IX and [[X Corps (United States)|X Corps]] to conduct a general counteroffensive against the PVA/KPA, [[Operation Thunderbolt (1951)|Operation Thunderbolt]]. Taking up the offensive in a two-prong attack in February 1951, the division repulsed a powerful PVA counter-offensive in the epic battles of [[Battle of Chipyong-ni|Chipyong-ni]] and Wonju. The UN front was saved and the general offensive continued.{{Citation needed|date=December 2011}}

In August 1951, the division was on the offensive once again, ordered to attack a series of ridges that had been designated threats to the Eighth Army's line. These actions would devolve into the battles of [[Battle of Bloody Ridge|Bloody Ridge]] and [[Battle of Heartbreak Ridge|Heartbreak Ridge]]. The division would not receive relief until October, with its infantry regiments having suffered heavy losses. The 23rd Infantry Regiment bore the brunt of the damage, having been severely mauled on Heartbreak Ridge. The 2nd Division was withdrawn after possessing both Bloody and Heartbreak Ridges, and the damage they inflicted upon the PVA/KPA that held the ridges was estimated at 25,000 casualties. Ridge warfare was not embarked upon again as a military strategy for the remainder of the war.<ref>{{cite book |last=Alexander |first=Bevin | author-link=Bevin Alexander |title=Korea: The First War We Lost |url=https://archive.org/details/koreafirstwarwel00alex |url-access=registration |publisher=Hippocrene Vooks |year=1986 |isbn=978-0-87052-135-5}}</ref> In January 1953 the division was transferred from IX Corps to I Corps.

After the [[Korean Armistice Agreement]] was signed on 27 July 1953, the 2nd Infantry Division withdrew to positions south of the [[Korean Demilitarized Zone]].<ref name=Second>[http://2ida.org/History2.htm Second Indianhead Division Association web site. History page.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160325203324/http://www.2ida.org/History2.htm |date=25 March 2016 }} Retrieved 9 August 2016.</ref> Soon after the armistice, [[Eighth United States Army|8th United States Army]] commander, [[General (United States)|General]] [[Maxwell D. Taylor]], appointed Brigadier General [[John F. R. Seitz]] as commander of the 2nd Infantry Division which remained on duty in Korea.<ref name=Thompson137>Thompson, ''Assembly'', 1979, p. 137.</ref><ref>Wilson, John B., ''Armies, Corps, Divisions, and Separate Brigades''. Washington, D.C.: Department of the Army, 1999. {{ISBN|978-0-160499-94-4}}. p. 665.</ref> Seitz commanded the division during a tense period following the armistice when both vigilance and intensive training of the [[Republic of Korea Army]] was required by the U.S. Army until the 2nd Infantry Division was redeployed to the United States in 1954.<ref name=Thompson137/>

====Awards and decorations====
[[File:Sherman-korea.jpg|thumb|An [[M4 Sherman]] tank of the 2nd Infantry firing on enemy positions in 1952|left]]
{{columns-list|colwidth=30em|
* [[Medal of Honor|Medals of Honor]]: 18
** [[9th Infantry Regiment (United States)|9th Infantry Regiment]]
*** [[Loren R. Kaufman]] (4 and 5 September 1950)
*** [[Edward C. Krzyzowski]] (31 August 1, 2 and 3 September 1951)
*** [[Joseph R. Ouellette]] (31 August 1, 2 and 3 September 1950)
*** [[David M. Smith (Medal of Honor)|David M. Smith]] (1 September 1950)
*** [[Luther H. Story]] (1 September 1950)
*** [[Travis E. Watkins]] (31 August 1, 2 and 3 September 1950)
** [[23rd Infantry Regiment (United States)|23rd Infantry Regiment]]
*** [[Junior D. Edwards]] (2 January 1951)
*** [[Hubert L. Lee]] (1 February 1951)
*** [[Herbert K. Pililaau]] (17 September 1951)
*** [[John A. Pittman]] (26 November 1950)
*** [[William S. Sitman]] (14 February 1951)
** [[U.S. 38th Infantry Regiment|38th Infantry Regiment]]
*** [[Tony K. Burris]] (8 and 9 October 1951)
*** [[Frederick F. Henry]] (1 September 1950)
*** [[Charles R. Long]] (12 February 1951)
*** [[Ronald E. Rosser]] (12 January 1952)
** 15th Field Artillery Battalion
*** [[Lee R. Hartell]] (27 August 1951)
** 2nd Reconnaissance Company
*** [[Charles W. Turner (Medal of Honor)|Charles W. Turner]] (1 September 1950)
** A Company, 72nd Tank Bn
*** MSG [[Ernest R. Kouma]] (1 September 1950)
}}

===Reorganization===
After the armistice, the division remained in Korea until 1954, when it was reduced to near zero strength, the colors were transferred to Fort Lewis, Washington, Georgia and, in October 1954, the [[44th Infantry Division (United States)|44th Infantry Division]] was reflagged as the Second.

In September 1956, the division deployed to Alaska, with the division headquarters at Fort Richardson, as part of an [[Operation Gyroscope]] deployment (soldiers and families, no equipment), switching places with the [[71st Infantry Division (United States)|71st Infantry Division]] (which was reflagged as the [[4th Infantry Division (United States)|4th Infantry Division]] upon its arrival at Fort Lewis).

On 8 November 1957, it was announced that the division was to be inactivated.  However, in the spring of 1958, it was announced that the division would be reorganizing at Fort Benning.  Division elements were reorganized into two infantry battle groups (the [[9th Infantry Regiment (United States)|1-9 IN]] and the [[23rd Infantry Regiment (United States)|1-23 IN]]) that would remain in Alaska as separate units, eventually reorganizing in 1963 as infantry battalions, as the 4-9 IN and the 4-23 IN, assigned to the [[171st Infantry Brigade (United States)|171st]] and [[172nd Infantry Brigade (United States)|172nd]] Infantry Brigades, respectively.

In June 1958, the division was reorganized at Fort Benning, Georgia, as a [[Pentomic]] Division, having reflagged the [[10th Infantry Division (United States)|10th Infantry Division]] upon the latter's return from Germany.  The division's three infantry regiments (the [[9th Infantry Regiment (United States)|9th]], [[23rd Infantry Regiment (United States)|23rd]] and [[38th Infantry Regiment (United States)|38th]]) were inactivated, with their elements reorganized into five infantry battle groups (the [[9th Infantry Regiment (United States)|2-9 IN]], [[23rd Infantry Regiment (United States)|2-23 IN]], [[87th Infantry Regiment (United States)|1-87 IN]], [[1st Infantry Regiment (United States)|2-1 IN]] and the [[11th Infantry Regiment (United States)|1-11 IN]]).  Initially serving as a training division, it was designated as a Strategic Army Corps (STRAC) unit in March 1962.
[[File:ROAD 1961.jpg|thumb|right|Standard organization chart for a ROAD division]]

Like with other army units such as the [[7th Infantry Division (United States)|7th Infantry Division]], the division did not see action in the [[Vietnam War]].

In 1963, the division was reorganized as a [[Reorganization Objective Army Division]] (ROAD).  Three Brigade Headquarters were activated and Infantry units were reorganized into battalions.

===Back to South Korea===
In 1965 at Fort Benning, Georgia, the 2nd Infantry Division's stateside units, the [[11th Air Assault Division]]'s personnel and equipment, and the colors and unit designations of the 1st Cavalry Division, returned from South Korea, were used to form a new formation, the 1st Cavalry Division (Airmobile). The personnel of the existing 1st Cavalry Division in Korea took over the unit designations of the old 2nd Infantry Division. Thus, the 2nd Infantry Division formally returned to South Korea in July 1965. From 1966 onwards [[Korean DMZ Conflict (1966–69)|North Korean forces were engaging in increasing border incursions and infiltration attempts]] and the 2nd Infantry Division was called upon to help halt these attacks. On 2 November 1966, soldiers of the 1st Battalion, [[23rd Infantry Regiment (United States)|23d Infantry Regiment]] were killed in an ambush by North Korean forces. In 1967 enemy attacks in the [[Korean Demilitarized Zone]] (DMZ) increased, as a result, 16 U.S. soldiers were killed that year.{{cn|date=April 2022}}

In 1968 the 2nd Infantry Division was headquartered at Tonggu Ri and responsible for watching over a portion of the DMZ.<ref>Stanton, Shelby, ''Vietnam Order of Battle: A Complete Illustrated Reference to the U.S. Army and Allied Ground Forces in Vietnam, 1961–1973'', Stackpole Books 2006, p. 340–341 where a divisional order of battle in Korea can be found.</ref> In 1968 North Koreans continued to probe across the DMZ, and in 1969, while on patrol, four soldiers of 3d Battalion, 23d Infantry were killed. On 18 August 1976, during a routine tree-trimming operation within the DMZ, two American officers of the Joint Security Force ([[Joint Security Area]]) were axed to death in a melee with North Korean border guards called the [[Axe Murder Incident]]. On 21 August, following the deaths, the 2nd Infantry Division supported the [[United Nations Command (Korea)|United Nations Command]] in "Operation Paul Bunyan" to cut down the "Panmunjeom Tree". This effort was conducted by Task Force Brady (named after the 2nd ID Commander) in support of Task Force Vierra (named after the Joint Security Area Battalion commander).{{cn|date=April 2022}}

Given the task of defending likely areas of enemy advance from the north, in 1982 the division occupied 17 camps, 27 sites, and 6 combat guard posts in strategic locations such as the Western (Kaesong-Munsan) Corridor; the Chorwon-Uijongbu Valley and other areas.{{sfn|PAO|1982|p=16}}

==== Organization 1987–1993 ====
In 1987–1993 parts of the division were organized as follows:{{sfn|USFAA|1987|p=33}}
**'''[[2nd Combat Aviation Brigade|Aviation Brigade]]''', [[Camp Stanley]]<ref name="Colonel Sheperd">{{cite web |last1=Colonel Johnnie L. Sheperd |title=Bring your Career to Korea! |year=1993 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WN0X0enpb-wC |publisher=US Army Aviation Digest - July / August 1993 |access-date=28 June 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/div/002idavbde.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210116005958/https://history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/div/002idavbde.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=16 January 2021|title = Headquarters and Headquarters Company, Combat Aviation Brigade, 2d Infantry Division &#124; Lineage and Honors}}</ref>
*** Headquarters & Headquarters Company
*** 5th Squadron, [[17th Cavalry Regiment (United States)|17th Cavalry]] (Reconnaissance), [[Camp Garry Owen]] (M60A3 Patton main battle tanks & [[Bell OH-58 Kiowa|OH-58C Kiowa]] helicopters)<ref name="Colonel Sheperd"/>
*** 1st Battalion, [[2nd Aviation Regiment (United States)|2nd Aviation]] (Attack), Camp LaGuardia ([[Bell AH-1 Cobra|AH-1F Cobra]] & OH-58C Kiowa helicopters)<ref name="Colonel Sheperd"/>
*** 2nd Battalion, 2nd Aviation (General Support), Camp Stanley ([[Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk|UH-60A Black Hawk]], [[Bell UH-1 Iroquois|UH-1H Iroquois]] & OH-58C Kiowa helicopters)<ref>{{cite web |title=2nd Battalion, 2nd Aviation Lineage |url=https://history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/av/002av002bn.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200630075749/https://history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/av/002av002bn.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=30 June 2020 |publisher=US Army Center of Military History |access-date=28 June 2020}}</ref><ref name="Colonel Sheperd"/>
** '''[[2nd Infantry Division Artillery (United States)|Division Artillery]]''', Camp Stanley<ref name="Field Artillery 1987">{{cite web |title=Field Artillery - February 1987 |year = 1987|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3qQrAAAAYAAJ |publisher=US Army Field Artillery School |access-date=28 June 2020}}</ref><ref name="Field Artillery 1989">{{cite web |title=Field Artillery - December 1989 |year = 1988|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z6UrAAAAYAAJ |publisher=US Army Field Artillery School |access-date=28 June 2020}}</ref><ref name="Field Artillery 1990">{{cite web |title=Field Artillery - February 1990 |year = 1990|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rqUrAAAAYAAJ |publisher=US Army Field Artillery School |access-date=28 June 2020}}</ref>
*** Headquarters & Headquarters Battery
*** 1st Battalion, [[4th Field Artillery Regiment (United States)|4th Field Artillery]], [[Camp Pelham]] (18 × [[M198 howitzer|M198]] 155&nbsp;mm towed howitzers; up-gunning to 24 × M198)<ref name="Field Artillery 1987"/><ref name="Field Artillery 1989"/><ref name="Field Artillery 1990"/><ref name="McKenney - 1">{{cite web |last1=McKenney |first1=Janice E. |title=Field Artillery - Army Lineage Series - Part 1 |url=https://history.army.mil/html/books/060/60-11_pt1/CMH_Pub_60-11_pt1.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150920173939/http://www.history.army.mil/html/books/060/60-11_pt1/CMH_Pub_60-11_pt1.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=20 September 2015 |publisher=US Army Center of Military History |access-date=28 June 2020}}</ref>
*** 8th Battalion, [[8th Field Artillery Regiment (United States)|8th Field Artillery]], Camp Stanley (18 × M198 155&nbsp;mm towed howitzers; switching to 24 × [[M109 howitzer|M109A3]] 155&nbsp;mm self-propelled howitzers)<ref name="Field Artillery 1987"/><ref name="Field Artillery 1989"/><ref name="Field Artillery 1990"/><ref name="McKenney - 1"/>
*** 1st Battalion, [[15th Field Artillery Regiment (United States)|15th Field Artillery]], Camp Stanley (18 × M109A3 155&nbsp;mm self-propelled howitzers; up-gunning to 24 × M109A3)<ref name="Field Artillery 1987"/><ref name="Field Artillery 1989"/><ref name="Field Artillery 1990"/><ref name="McKenney - 1"/>
*** 6th Battalion, [[37th Field Artillery Regiment (United States)|37th Field Artillery]], [[Camp Essayons]] (12 × [[M110 howitzer|M110A2]] 203&nbsp;mm self-propelled howitzers & 9 × [[M270 Multiple Launch Rocket System|M270 MLRS]])<ref name="Field Artillery 1987"/><ref name="Field Artillery 1989"/><ref name="Field Artillery 1990"/><ref name="McKenney - 2">{{cite web |last1=McKenney |first1=Janice E. |title=Field Artillery - Army Lineage Series - Part 2 |url=https://history.army.mil/html/books/060/60-11_pt2/CMH_Pub_60-11_pt2.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120227105809/http://www.history.army.mil/html/books/060/60-11_pt2/CMH_Pub_60-11_pt2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=27 February 2012 |publisher=US Army Center of Military History |access-date=28 June 2020}}</ref>
*** Battery F, [[26th Field Artillery Regiment (United States)|26th Field Artillery]], Camp Stanley (Target Acquisition)<ref name="Field Artillery 1987"/><ref name="Field Artillery 1989"/><ref name="Field Artillery 1990"/><ref>{{cite web |title=Battery F, 26th Field Artillery Lineage |url=https://history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/fa/0026fabty-f.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080421185937/http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/fa/0026fabty-f.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=21 April 2008 |publisher=US Army Center of Military History |access-date=28 June 2020}}</ref>
*** Battery B, 6th Battalion, [[32nd Field Artillery Regiment (United States)|32nd Field Artillery]], [[Camp Mercer]] (attached [[Eighth United States Army|Eighth Army]] unit with 2x [[MGM-52 Lance]] with [[W70|W70-3]] nuclear warheads)<ref name="Field Artillery 1987"/>
*** Battery C, [[94th Field Artillery Regiment (United States)|94th Field Artillery]], Camp Stanley (9 × M270 MLRS)
** '''Division Support Command''', Camp Casey
*** Headquarters & Headquarters Company
*** 2nd Medical Battalion
*** 2nd Supply & Transportation Battalion, Camp Casey
*** [[296th Brigade Support Battalion|296th Support Battalion (Forward)]], [[Camp Edwards (South Korea)|Camp Edwards]] (activated 16 October 1989, first of the new support battalions (Forward), which were raised to replace the units of the Division Support Command)<ref>{{cite web |title=296th Support Battalion Lineage |url=https://history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/spt/0296sptbn.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080620215541/http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/spt/0296sptbn.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=20 June 2008 |publisher=US Army Center of Military History |access-date=28 June 2020}}</ref>
*** 702nd Maintenance Battalion, Camp Casey
*** Company C, 2nd Aviation (Aviation Intermediate Maintenance), Camp Stanley<ref name="Colonel Sheperd"/>
** 5th Battalion, [[5th Air Defense Artillery Regiment|5th Air Defense Artillery]], Camp Pelham ([[MIM-72 Chaparral]], [[M163 VADS|M163 Vulcan]] & [[FIM-92 Stinger]])<ref>{{cite web |title=5th Battalion, 5th Air Defense Artillery Lineage |url=https://history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/ada/0005ada05bn.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100608032122/http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/ada/0005ada05bn.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=8 June 2010 |publisher=US Army Center of Military History |access-date=28 June 2020}}</ref>
** [[2nd Engineer Battalion (United States)|2nd Engineer Battalion]], [[Camp Castle (South Korea)|Camp Castle]]<ref>{{cite web |title=2nd Engineer Battalion Lineage |url=https://history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/eng/0002enbn.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090803040623/http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/eng/0002enbn.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=3 August 2009 |publisher=US Army Center of Military History |access-date=28 June 2020}}</ref>
** [[122d Signal Battalion|122nd Signal Battalion]], Camp Casey<ref>{{cite web |last1=Raines |first1=Rebecca Robbins |title=Signal Corps |url=https://history.army.mil/html/books/060/60-15-1/CMH_Pub_60-15-1.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130513042709/http://www.history.army.mil/html/books/060/60-15-1/CMH_Pub_60-15-1.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=13 May 2013 |publisher=US Army Center of Military History |access-date=28 June 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=122nd Signal Battalion Lineage |url=https://history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/sc/0122scbn.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080620215436/http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/sc/0122scbn.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=20 June 2008 |publisher=US Army Center of Military History |access-date=28 June 2020}}</ref>
** 102nd Military Intelligence Battalion, Camp Hovey<ref>{{cite web |title=102nd Military Intelligence Battalion Lineage |url=https://history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/mi/0102mibn.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080620214841/http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/mi/0102mibn.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=20 June 2008 |publisher=US Army Center of Military History |access-date=28 June 2020}}</ref>
** 2nd Military Police Company, Camp Casey
** 4th Chemical Company, Camp Casey<ref>{{cite web |title=4th Chemical Company Lineage |url=https://history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/chem/004cmco.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200629224528/https://history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/chem/004cmco.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=29 June 2020 |publisher=US Army Center of Military History |access-date=28 June 2020}}</ref>
** 2nd Infantry Division Band, Camp Casey<ref>{{cite web |title=2nd Infantry Division Band Lineage |url=https://history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/bands/band-002id.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150616105354/http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/bands/band-002id.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=16 June 2015 |publisher=US Army Center of Military History |access-date=28 June 2020}}</ref>
** 44th Engineer Battalion, Camp Howze

=== Recent times in Korea ===
[[File:Size0-army.mil-38894-2009-05-22-000509.jpg|thumb|upright|5,000 Warriors created a human version of the division's distinctive Indianhead patch at Indianhead Stage Field on Camp Casey, Korea on 22 May 2009]]

On 13 June 2002, a 2ID [[M60 AVLB|armored vehicle]] [[Yangju highway incident|struck and killed two 14-year-old South Korean schoolgirls]] on the Yangju highway as the vehicle was returning to base in [[Uijeongbu]] after training maneuvers. Sergeants Mark Walker and Fernando Nino, the two soldiers involved, were found not guilty of [[negligent homicide]] in a subsequent [[Courts-martial in the United States#General Court-Martial|General Court-martial]]. The deaths and court-martial were the subject of anti-American sentiment in South Korea; the two girls are annually memorialized near US military bases in South Korea to this day.

The 2nd Infantry Division is in South Korea, with a number of camps near the DMZ.<ref>{{cite web |title=Organization |url=https://www.2id.korea.army.mil/About-Us/Organization/ |website=2nd Infantry Division (2ID)-Korea |access-date=16 August 2023}}</ref> Command headquarters are located at [[Camp Humphreys]] in [[Pyeongtaek-si]], some 40 miles south of Seoul.<ref>{{cite web |title=MSC Organization § 2nd Infantry Division (ROK-US Combined Division) |url=https://8tharmy.korea.army.mil/site/about/organization.asp |website=EIGHTH ARMY |access-date=15 August 2023 |quote=The Division's headquarters is located at USAG Humphreys}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=2nd ID dedicates new headquarters south of Seoul at Camp Humphreys |url=https://www.stripes.com/2nd-id-dedicates-new-headquarters-south-of-seoul-at-camp-humphreys-1.557369 |website=Stars and Stripes |language=en |date=November 20, 2018 |quote=The ceremony took place at the entrance of the new Freeman Hall, which retains the name of the previous headquarters on Camp Red Cloud in Uijeongbu.}}</ref>

===Iraq War===
{{more citations needed|date=December 2011}}
[[File:SGT Morton being treated for injuries in Ramadi, Iraq.jpg|thumb|Injured 2ID soldier treated for injuries in Ramadi]]
{{Multiple image
| image1            = 2ID Recon Baghdad.jpg
| caption1          = 2ID soldiers reconnoitering Baghdad in 2006.
| image2            = US Army soldiers in a firefight near Al Doura, Baghdad.jpg
| caption2          = U.S. soldiers take cover during a [[Battle|firefight]] with insurgents in the neighborhood of [[Dora, Baghdad]], [[Iraq]] in March 2007
}}
From November 2003 to November 2004, the 3rd Stryker Brigade Combat Team deployed from Fort Lewis, Washington in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom. In the sands of Iraq the 3rd Brigade Stryker Brigade Combat Team proved the value of the Stryker brigade concept in combat and logistics operations.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.2id.korea.army.mil/about/history.asp|title=US Army, 2D Infantry Division/ROK-US Combined Division-Our History|website=2id.korea.army.mil|access-date=20 March 2018|archive-date=16 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160816182209/http://www.2id.korea.army.mil/about/history.asp|url-status=dead}}</ref>

During the late spring of 2004, many of the soldiers of the 2nd Infantry Division's 2d Brigade Combat Team were given notice that they were about to be ordered to further deployment, with duty in Iraq. Units involved in this call-up included: [[503d Infantry Regiment (United States)|1st Battalion, 503rd Infantry Regiment]]; 1st Battalion, [[506th Infantry Regiment (United States)|506th Infantry Regiment]] (Air Assault); 2d Battalion, 17th Field Artillery Regiment; 1st Battalion, [[9th Infantry Regiment (United States)|9th Infantry Regiment]] (Mechanized); [[44th Engineer Battalion]]; 2nd Forward Support Battalion; Company A, 102nd Military Intelligence Battalion; Company B, [[122d Signal Battalion]], elements of the 2d Battalion, 72nd Armor Regiment, a team from the 509th Personnel Services Battalion, and B Battery, 5th Battalion [[5th Air Defense Artillery Regiment]] (Deployed as a combination of mechanized infantry and light infantry with two platoons of Bradley Fighting Vehicles and 1 platoon of armored HMMWVs). As a result of the short notice, extensive training was conducted by the brigade as they switched from a focus of the foreign defense of South Korea to the offensive operations that were going to be needed in Iraq. Furthermore, time was given for the majority of the soldiers to enjoy ten days of leave. This was vital: many of the soldiers had been in South Korea for a year or more with only two weeks or less time in the United States during their stay of duty. More, they were about to depart on a deployment scheduled to last at least another year. Finally, in August 2004, the brigade deployed to Iraq.

Upon landing in country, the 2d BCT was given strategic command to much of the sparsely populated area south and west of Fallujah. Their mission, however, changed when the major strategic actions began to take place within the city proper. At this time, the brigade combat team was refocused and given control of the eastern half of the volatile city of Ar-Ramadi. Within a few weeks of taking over operational control from the previous units, 2nd Brigade began suffering casualties from violent activity. Many of the units had to move to new camps in support of this new mission. The primary focus of the 2d BCT for much of their deployment was the struggle to gain local support and to minimize casualties.

The brigade was spread out amongst many camps. To the west of the city of Ar-Ramadi sat the camp of Junction City. 2ID units stationed there included: HQ 2d BCT, 2nd ID; 2–17th Field Artillery; 1–9th Infantry; 44th Engineer Battalion; Company A, 102d Military Intelligence Battalion; Company B, [[122d Signal Battalion]], and Company C (Medical), 2d Forward Support Battalion. To the eastern end of the city sat a much more austere camp, known as the Combat Outpost. This was home to the 1-503d Infantry Regiment. East of them but outside of the city proper itself was the town of Habbiniya and the 1–506th Infantry Regiment. Adjacent to this camp was the logistically important camp of Al-Taqaddum, where the 2d Forward Support Battalion was stationed.

For this mission, the brigade fell under the direct command not of the 2d Infantry Division, but rather under a Marine division. For the first six months while in [[Ramadi]], the BCT fell under the [[1st Marine Division (United States)|1st Marine Division]]. For the second half of the deployment, they were attached to the [[2nd Marine Division (United States)|2nd Marine Division]]. While the Marines do not wear unit patches on their uniforms, the units of the 2d BCT involved are authorized to now wear any of the following [[combat patch]]es: the 2nd Infantry Division patch, the [[1st Marine Division (United States)|1st Marine Division]] unit patch or the [[2nd Marine Division (United States)|2nd Marine Division]] unit patch.{{Citation needed|date=December 2011}}
[[File:Iraq.convoy.fire.jpg|thumb|SGT Karl King and PFC David Valenzuela lay down cover fire behind the cover of a Stryker vehicle while their squad maneuvers down a street in Al Doura, Iraq, on 7 March 2007. The soldiers are from Company C, 5th Battalion, 20th Infantry Regiment, 3rd BCT, 2nd Infantry Division.]]
The 2d Brigade Combat Team was in action in the city of Ramadi for many events, including the Iraqi national elections of January 2005. While the voting was accomplished and little to no violence was seen within the city, few voters participated (estimated to be in the 700 person range for the eastern half of the city, according to 2nd BCT officials).

The 2d BCT also built several new camps within the city. For security reasons, many are left unverified, however ones that can be confirmed include Camps Trotter and Corregidor built to ease the burden on the accommodations at Combat Outpost.

In July 2005, the brigade began to get relieved by units of the Army National Guard, as well as the 3d Infantry Division of the Regular Army. Six months into the deployment, the units of the 2d BCT were given word that they would not be returning to South Korea but, rather, to [[Fort Carson, Colorado|Fort Carson]], Colorado in an effort to restructure the Army and house more soldiers on American soil.

From June 2006 to September 2007, the 3rd Stryker Brigade Combat Team deployed from Fort Lewis, Washington in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom. During the 3rd Stryker Brigade's second deployment to Operation Iraqi Freedom their mission was to assist the Iraqi security forces with counter-insurgency operations in the Ninewa Province. 46 soldiers from the brigade were killed during the deployment.

On 1 June 2006 at Fort Lewis, Washington the 4th Brigade, 2d Infantry Division was formed. From April 2007 to July 2008 the 4th Stryker Brigade Combat Team was deployed in as part of the surge to regain control of the situation in Iraq. The brigade assumed responsibility for the area north of Baghdad and the Diyala province. 35 soldiers from the brigade were killed during the deployment.

From October 2006 to January 2008, the 2nd Infantry Brigade Combat Team deployed from Fort Carson, Colorado in support of the Multi-National Division – Baghdad (1st Cavalry Division) and was responsible for assisting the Iraqi forces to become self-reliant, bringing down the violence and insurgency levels and supporting the rebuilding of the Iraqi infrastructure. 43 soldiers from the brigade were killed during the deployment.

SSG Christopher B. Waiters of 5th Battalion, 20th Infantry Regiment, 3d Brigade Combat Team was awarded the [[Distinguished Service Cross (United States)|Distinguished Service Cross]] on 23 October 2008 for his actions on 5 April 2007 when he was a specialist. Shortly after, SPC Erik Oropeza of the 4th Battalion, 9th Infantry Regiment, 4th Brigade Combat Team<ref>{{cite news
| first = Matthew
| last = Cox
| title = Spc. earns DSC for heroism during ambush
| url = http://www.armytimes.com/news/2009/02/army_dsc_020609w/
| format = News Article
| work=Army Times
| publisher=Army Times Publishing Company
| date = 7 February 2009
| access-date =14 February 2009
| quote = Two days after arriving to the unit on 10 Dec.,&nbsp;he was told he would receive the DSC
}}</ref> Thus the division will be credited with the 17th and 18th Distinguished Service Cross awardings since 1975.

The 2nd Infantry Division's [[4th Brigade Combat Team, 2nd Infantry Division (United States)|4th Brigade Combat Team]] deployed to Iraq in the fall of 2009.<ref>{{cite press release |title=DoD Announces Iraq Unit Rotations |url=http://www.defenselink.mil/Releases/Release.aspx?ReleaseID=12532 |publisher=[[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]] |date=2 March 2009 |access-date=3 March 2009| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090310214429/http://www.defenselink.mil/releases/release.aspx?releaseid=12532| archive-date= 10 March 2009 <!--DASHBot-->| url-status=live}}</ref>

3rd Brigade deployed to Iraq 4 August 2009 for the brigade's third deployment to Iraq, the most of any Stryker Brigade Combat Team (SBCT).

===War in Afghanistan===
[[File:Sykes regulars 2nd infantry division.jpg|thumb|right|225px|Spc. Justin Heimsoth (left) and Sgt. Chris Hagen fill sandbags for a machine gun position during Operation Southern Fist in Afghanistan's Spin Boldak district, 29 Sept. 2012. Both soldiers are infantrymen with the 2nd Infantry Division's 5th Battalion, 20th Infantry Regiment.]]
On 17 February 2009, President [[Barack Obama]] ordered 4,000 soldiers from the 5th [[Stryker]] Brigade Combat Team to [[War in Afghanistan (2001–present)|Afghanistan]], along with 8,000 [[USMC|Marines]]. Soldiers are being sent there because of the worsening situation in the Afghan War. These soldiers were deployed in the southeast, on the [[Afghanistan]]-[[Pakistan]] border. During deployment, 35 soldiers were killed in combat, two others were killed in accidents, and 239 were wounded.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/09/18/AR2010091803936_pf.html | title=Army monitored Stryker brigade, hit hard in Afghanistan, for signs of stress | newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] | date=18 September 2010 | author=Whitlock, Craig}}</ref> In July 2010, the 5th Stryker Brigade Combat Team was inactivated and reflagged as the 2nd Stryker Brigade Combat Team. The brigade's Special Troops Battalion was also inactivated and reflagged and the rest of the subordinate units were reassigned to the reactivated 2nd SBCT.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/agency/army/2id-5bde.htm|title=5th Stryker Brigade Combat Team, 2nd Infantry Division|website=www.globalsecurity.org}}</ref>

3rd SBCT deployed in December 2011 and served in Afghanistan for one-year. 16 soldiers from the brigade died during the deployment.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.armytimes.com/news/2011/08/ap-army-lewis-3rd-stryker-to-deploy-again-082711/ | title=Lewis' 3rd Stryker Brigade to deploy again | work=Army Times | date=27 August 2011 | agency=[[Associated Press]] | author=Ashton, Adam}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/soldiersmediacenter/6779492566/in/photostream/ |title=Ground leveling &#124; Flickr - Photo Sharing! |publisher=Flickr |date=2012-02-10 |access-date=2014-07-19}}</ref> They were joined by their sister Stryker brigade, the 2nd SBCT, in the spring.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.armytimes.com/news/2012/02/army-lewis-stryker-brigade-combat-team-afghanistan-deployment-021612w/|title=Lewis-based Stryker BCT headed to Afghanistan|date=16 February 2012|work=Army Times|access-date=31 October 2012|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120720060057/http://www.armytimes.com/news/2012/02/army-lewis-stryker-brigade-combat-team-afghanistan-deployment-021612w/|archive-date=20 July 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> 2nd Brigade returned around December 2012 and January 2013 having lost eight soldiers during deployment. The 4th Stryker BCT also deployed to its first deployment to the country in fall 2012 and returned in summer 2013 having lost four soldiers.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://komonews.com/news/local/4th-stryker-brigade-deploying-to-afghanistan | title=4th Stryker brigade deploying to Afghanistan | work=The Seattle Times| date=19 April 2012 | agency=Associated Press|via=komonnews.com }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/soldiersmediacenter/7348232486/in/photostream/ |title=Stryker prep &#124; Flickr - Photo Sharing! |publisher=Flickr |date=2012-06-05 |access-date=2014-07-19}}</ref>

====Rogue "kill team" criminal charges====
{{main|Maywand District murders}}
During the summer of 2010, the U.S. military charged five members of the 3rd Platoon, Bravo Company, [[2nd Battalion, 1st Infantry Regiment]] with the formation of a "kill team", which staged three separate murders of Afghan civilians in [[Kandahar province]]. In addition, seven soldiers were also charged with crimes including [[hashish]] use, impeding an investigation and attacking a [[Whistleblower|whistleblowing]] soldier who alerted MPs during an initially unrelated investigation into hashish use by members of the 3rd Platoon. The alleged ringleader was [[Staff Sergeant]] [[Calvin Gibbs]].
* On 15 January 2010, Gul Mudin was killed "by means of throwing a fragmentary grenade at him and shooting him with a rifle," an action carried out by SPC Jeremy Morlock and PFC Andrew Holmes under the direction of Gibbs. Morlock allegedly told Holmes, age 19 and on his first tour of duty, that the killing was carried out for fun.
* On 22 February, Gibbs and SPC Michael S. Wagnon allegedly shot the second victim, Marach Agha, and placed a Kalashnikov next to the body to justify the killing.
* On 2 May, Mullah Adadhdad was killed after being shot and attacked with a grenade. SPC Adam C. Winfield and Gibbs were allegedly the perpetrators.

Christopher Winfield, the father of platoon member SPC Adam Winfield, attempted to alert the Army of the kill team's existence after his son explained the situation from Afghanistan via a Facebook chat. In response to the news from his son, Winfield called the Army inspector general's 24-hour hotline, the office of Sen. [[Bill Nelson (politician)|Bill Nelson]] (D-Fla.), and a sergeant at [[Joint Base Lewis-McChord]] who told him to call the [[Army Criminal Investigation Division]]. He then contacted the Fort Lewis command center and spoke to a sergeant on duty who agreed that SPC Winfield was in potential danger but that he had to report the crime to his superiors before the Army could take action.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/09/18/AR2010091803935_pf.html | title=Members of U.S. platoon in Afghanistan accused of killing civilians for sport | newspaper=The Washington Post| date=18 September 2010 | author=Whitlock, Craig}}</ref>

==Locations==
* [[Camp Humphreys]] (Division Command) – near [[Pyeongtaek-si]] City, South of Seoul
** [[Camp Casey, South Korea|Camp Casey]] – [[Dongducheon]] City, 45&nbsp;miles north of [[Seoul]]; 17&nbsp;miles south of [[Korean Demilitarized Zone|DMZ]]
** [[Camp Hovey]] – adjacent to Camp Casey
** [[Camp Castle (South Korea)|Camp Castle]] (former) – near Camp Casey
** Camp Mobile – adjacent to Camp Casey
** [[Camp Stanley]] (former) – East of Uijeongbu
** [[Camp Carroll, South Korea|Camp Carroll]] - [[Daegu]]
** [[Fort Lewis (Washington)|Fort Lewis]] – Tacoma, Washington
** [[Seoul Air Base|K-16]] - South Korea near USAG Yongsan
**Camp Red Cloud (former) - Uijeongbu

== Organization ==
[[File:2nd Infantry Division with assigned units in South Korea 2023.png|thumb|2nd Infantry Division with organic and attached units in South Korea as of 2024 (click to enlarge)]]

As of 2024, the 2nd Infantry Division no longer has any organic Brigade Combat Teams. Their previous two brigades, 1st Stryker Brigade Combat Team "Ghost Brigade" and 2nd Stryker Brigade Combat Team "Lancer Brigade" were reflagged under 7th Infantry Division.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-08-18 |title=Competition, unity and community encompass 7th Infantry Division's culture during Week of the Bayonet |url=https://www.army.mil/article/279010/competition_unity_and_community_encompass_7th_infantry_divisions_culture_during_week_of_the_bayonet |access-date=2024-10-26 |website=www.army.mil |language=en}}</ref> Formerly, the 7th Infantry Division commanded these units while in garrison at Joint Base Lewis-McCord. But under the Army's restructuring in 2024, the two brigades were formally transferred to 7ID. The 2nd Infantry Division retained the 2nd Combat Aviation Brigade, the 2nd Division Sustainment Brigade, 2nd Division Artillery, and the 210th Field Artillery Brigade as well as control over the Korean Rotational Force (KRF). The division also has an attached mechanized brigade from the Republic of Korea Army under the combined-division concept.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.armytimes.com/story/military/2015/01/14/south-korean-troops-form-combined-division-with-us-army-2nd-infantry-korea-combined-division/21748841/ |title=South Korean troops form combined division with U.S. Army |publisher=Armytimes.com |date=2015-01-15 |access-date=2015-10-13}}</ref>

* [[File:2nd Infantry Division (US) SSI.png|25px]] '''2nd Infantry Division'''
** Division Headquarters and Headquarters Battalion
** '''[[2nd Infantry Division Artillery (United States)|2nd Infantry Division Artillery]]''', at Camp Humphreys
*** [[File:2nd Infantry Division DUI.png|25px]] Headquarters and Headquarters Battery
** '''2nd Combat Aviation Brigade''' "Talon Brigade", at [[Camp Humphreys]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ausa.org/news/2016/Pages/ArmyLeadersDefendAviationCuts.aspx|title=Army Leaders Defend Aviation Cuts|date=23 May 2016 |publisher=Association of the United States Army}}</ref>
*** [[File:2 Avn Rgt DUI.png|25px]] Headquarters and Headquarters Company, "Warrior Knights"
*** [[File:17thCavRegtDUI.gif|25px]] 5th Squadron (Attack/Reconnaissance), [[17th Cavalry Regiment]] "Out Front" ([[Boeing AH-64 Apache|AH-64E Apache]], [[AAI RQ-7 Shadow|RQ-7 Shadow]])
*** [[File:2 Avn Rgt DUI.png|25px]] 2nd Battalion (Assault), [[2nd Aviation Regiment (United States)|2nd Aviation Regiment]] "Wild Card" ([[UH-60 Black Hawk]])
*** [[File:2 Avn Rgt DUI.png|25px]] 3rd Battalion (General Support), [[2nd Aviation Regiment (United States)|2nd Aviation Regiment]] "Nightmare" ([[UH-60 Black Hawk]], [[CH-47 Chinook|CH-47F Chinook]], [[UH-60 Black Hawk#Variants|UH-60A+]])
*** [[File:2 Avn Rgt DUI.png|25px]] 4th Battalion (Attack), [[2nd Aviation Regiment (United States)|2nd Aviation Regiment]] "Death Dealer" ([[Boeing AH-64 Apache|AH-64E Apache]])
*** [[File:2 Avn Rgt DUI.png|25px]] Company E, [[2nd Aviation Regiment (United States)|2nd Aviation Regiment]] "Phantom" ([[General Atomics MQ-1C Gray Eagle|MQ-1C Gray Eagle]])
*** [[File:US 602nd asb insignia.jpg|25px]] 602nd Aviation Support Battalion "Warhorse"
** '''[[210th Field Artillery Brigade]]''', at [[Camp Casey, South Korea|Camp Casey]] - under operational command of 2nd Infantry Division 
*** [[File:210th FA Gp crest official.jpg|25px]] Headquarters and Headquarters Battery
*** [[File:37 FA Rgt DUI.png|25px]] 6th Battalion, [[37th Field Artillery Regiment (United States)|37th Field Artillery Regiment]] ([[M270 Multiple Launch Rocket System|M270A1 MLRS]])
*** [[File:38 FA Rgt DUI.jpg|25px]] 1st Battalion, [[38th Field Artillery Regiment (United States)|38th Field Artillery Regiment]] (M270A1 MLRS)
*** [[File:333 FA Rgt DUI.jpg|25px]] Battery F ([[Target Acquisition]]), [[333rd Field Artillery Regiment (United States)|333rd Field Artillery Regiment]]
*** [[File:70 Spt Bn DUI.jpg|25px]] 70th Brigade Support Battalion
**** [[File:US-Signal-Corps-DUI.png|25px]] 579th Signal Company
*** [[Joint Security Area]] Detachment
** '''[[501st Sustainment Brigade (United States)|2nd Division Sustainment Brigade]]''', at [[Camp Humphreys]]
*** [[File:501st Sustainment Brigade DUI.png|25px]] Headquarters and Headquarters Company
*** [[File:STB2InfDivDUI.jpg|25px]] Division Special Troops Battalion
*** [[File:US Army Quartermaster Regimental DUI.gif|25px]] 194th Division Sustainment Support Battalion
*** [[File:11 Eng Bn DUI.jpg|25px]] 11th Engineer Battalion
*** [[File:23 Chem Bn DUI.jpg|25px]] [[23rd Chemical Battalion]]
** '''Rotational Brigade Combat Teams''' - Rotational brigade under operational command of 2nd Infantry Division.
Since the inactivation of the [[1st Brigade Combat Team, 2nd Infantry Division (United States)|1st Armored Brigade Combat Team, 2nd Infantry Division]] on 2 July 2015, the Brigade Combat Team requirement in Korea has been filled by rotational forces from the United States on nine-month deployments. From 2015 to 2022, but in the summer of 2022 the Army announced the Korea Rotational Force would switch from the armor to Stryker brigades.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Army announces Korea Rotational Force Transition |url=https://www.army.mil/article/258061/army_announces_korea_rotational_force_transition |access-date=2023-05-19 |website=www.army.mil |date=30 June 2022 |language=en}}</ref>  Rotational units were primarily stationed in Camp Casey until 2017 when the forces were split between Camp Casey and Camp Humphreys.
{| class="wikitable"
|+Rotational Armor Brigades under 2nd Infantry Division
!Brigade
!Home Station
!Arrived
!Departed
|-
|[[2nd Brigade Combat Team, 1st Cavalry Division (United States)|2nd Armored Brigade Combat Team]], [[1st Cavalry Division (United States)|1st Cavalry Division]]<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.army.mil/article/152154/its_our_fight_now|title= It's our fight now|date= July 13, 2015|website= Army.mil|publisher= |access-date=  }}</ref>
|[[Fort Cavazos|Fort Cavazos, TX]]
|June 2015
|March 2016
|-
|1st Armored Brigade Combat Team, 1st Cavalry Division
|Fort Cavazos, TX
|March 2016
|November 2016
|-
|[[1st Brigade Combat Team, 1st Infantry Division (United States)|1st Armored Brigade Combat Team]], [[1st Infantry Division (United States)|1st Infantry Division]]<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.army.mil/article/176936/department_of_the_army_announces_1st_armored_brigade_combat_team_1st_infantry_division_deployment|title= Department of the Army announces 1st Armored Brigade Combat Team, 1st Infantry Division deployment|date= October 19, 2016|website= Army.mil|publisher= |access-date=  }}</ref>
|[[Fort Riley|Fort Riley, KS]]
|November 2016
|July 2017
|-
|2nd Armored Brigade Combat Team, 1st Cavalry Division<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.army.mil/article/188063/department_of_the_army_announces_1st_cavalry_division_deployment|title= Department of the Army announces 1st Cavalry Division deployment|date= May 19, 2017|website= Army.mil|publisher= |access-date=  }}</ref>
|Fort Cavazos, TX
|July 2017
|March 2018
|-
|1st Armored Brigade Combat Team, [[3rd Infantry Division (United States)|3rd Infantry Division]]<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.army.mil/article/198288/department_of_the_army_announces_upcoming_3rd_infantry_division_deployment|title= Department of the Army announces upcoming 3rd Infantry Division deployment|date= January 10, 2018|website= Army.mil |publisher= |access-date=  }}</ref>
|[[Fort Stewart|Fort Stewart, GA]]
|March 2018
|November 2018
|-
|3rd Armored Brigade Combat Team, [[1st Armored Division (United States)|1st Armored Division]]<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.army.mil/article/209080/department_of_the_army_announces_upcoming_3rd_abct_1st_armored_division_deployment|title= Department of the Army announces upcoming 3rd ABCT, 1st Armored Division deployment|date= July 26, 2018|website= Army.mil|publisher= |access-date= }}</ref>
|[[Fort Bliss|Fort Bliss, TX]]
|November 2018
|July 2019
|-
|3rd Armored Brigade Combat Team, 1st Cavalry Division<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.army.mil/article/219419/department_of_the_army_announces_upcoming_3rd_abct_1st_cavalry_division_unit_rotation |title= Department of the Army announces upcoming 3rd ABCT, 1st Cavalry Division, unit rotation |date= March 29, 2019 |website= Army.mil |publisher= |access-date=  }}</ref>
|Fort Cavazos, TX
|July 2019
|March 2020
|-
|2nd Armored Brigade Combat Team, 1st Infantry Division
|Fort Riley, KS
|March 2020
|December 2020
|-
|1st Armored Brigade Combat Team, 3rd Infantry Division<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.army.mil/article/239225/army_announces_upcoming_1st_abct_3rd_infantry_division_unit_rotation |title= Army announces upcoming 1st ABCT, 3rd Infantry Division unit rotation |date= September 24, 2020 |website= Army.mil |publisher= |access-date=  }}</ref>
|Fort Stewart, GA
|December 2020
|August 2021
|-
|3rd Armored Brigade Combat Team, 1st Armored Division<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.army.mil/article/244575/army_announces_upcoming_3rd_abct_1st_armored_division_unit_rotation|title= Army announces upcoming 3rd ABCT, 1st Armored Division, unit rotation|date= March 25, 2021|website= |publisher= |access-date=  }}</ref>
|Fort Bliss, TX
|August 2021
|February 2022
|-
|1st Armored Brigade Combat Team, 1st Armored Division<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.army.mil/article/252603/army_announces_upcoming_1st_abct_1st_armored_division_unit_rotation|title= Army announces upcoming 1st ABCT, 1st Armored Division, unit rotation|date= December 16, 2021|website= Army.mil |publisher= |access-date=  }}</ref>
|Fort Bliss, TX
|February 2022
|October 2022
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+Rotational Stryker Brigades under 2nd Infantry Division
!Brigade
!Home Station
!Arrived
!Departed
|-
|2nd Stryker Brigade Combat Team, 2nd Infantry Division (Attached to 7th Infantry Division)<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.stripes.com/branches/army/2022-10-11/army-stryker-rotation-south-korea-7647687.html |title= Army Stryker brigade arrives in South Korea as rotational force |date= October 11, 2022 |website= |publisher= Stars and Stripes |access-date=  }}</ref>
|Joint Base Lewis-McCord, WA
|October 2022
|July 2023
|-
|2nd Stryker Brigade Combat Team, [[4th Infantry Division (United States)|4th Infantry Division]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Army announces upcoming unit deployments |url=https://www.army.mil/article/264554/army_announces_upcoming_unit_deployments |access-date=2023-05-19 |website=www.army.mil |date=8 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
|[[Fort Carson|Fort Carson, CO]]
|June 2023
|February 2024 
|-
|[[3rd Cavalry Regiment (United States)|3rd Cavalry Regiment]]<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.army.mil/article/273338/3rd_cavalry_regiment_arrives_in_south_korea_as_rotational_force|title= 3rd Cavalry Regiment arrives in South Korea as rotational force |date= January 31, 2024|website= |publisher= |access-date= }}</ref>
|Fort Cavazos, TX
|February 2024
|October 2024
|-
|1st Stryker Brigade Combat Team, [[7th Infantry Division (United States)|7th Infantry Division]]<ref>{{Cite web |title='Ready to fight tonight': Strykers take their turn as Army's rotational force in South Korea |url=https://www.stripes.com/branches/army/2024-10-25/south-korea-stryker-brigade-rotation-15620924.html |access-date=2024-10-26 |website=Stars and Stripes |language=en}}</ref>
|Joint Base Lewis-McCord, WA
|October 2024
|TBA
|}

==See also==
* [[Awards and decorations of the United States Armed Forces]]
* [[List of commanders of 2nd Infantry Division (United States)]]
* [[Rhino tank]]

==Sources==
{{Refbegin}}
* {{cite journal |title=Maps Locating Army Active, Reserve and National Guard and Marine Field Artillery Units |journal=Field Artillery |date=December 1987 |issue=PB 6-87-6 (TEST) |pages=32–36 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3qQrAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA6-PA33 |publisher=US Field Artillery Association |language=en |issn=0191-975X |ref={{SfnRef|USFAA|1987}} }}
* {{cite journal |title=Eighth Army in Korea-Continuing a Tradition |journal=Soldier Support Journal |issn=0274-9513 |date=May–June 1982 |volume=9 |issue=3 |pages=12–16 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=451AH-rsy4sC&q=korea%20camps%20of%20the%20The%20Munsan%20Corridor&pg=RA2-PA16 |publisher=US Army Soldier Support Center |language=en |ref={{SfnRef|PAO|1982}} }} Article contributed  by the Public Affairs Office, Headquarters, US Forces, Korea.
{{Refend}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Bibliography==
*{{cite book|last=Clark|first=George B.|title=The Second Infantry Division in World War I: A History of the American Expeditionary Force Regulars, 1917-1919|publisher=[[McFarland & Company]]|year=2007|isbn=978-0786429608}}

==External links==
* {{Commons category-inline}}
* [https://www.2id.korea.army.mil/ 2 ID official website]
* [http://www.lonesentry.com/gi_stories_booklets/2ndinfantry/ "From D+1 to 105: The Story of the 2nd Infantry Division" (World War II unit history booklet text)] [http://digicom.bpl.lib.me.us/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1095&context=ww_reg_his (PDF)]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060117030224/http://www.lewis.army.mil/3bde/ 3rd Brigade / 2nd Infantry Division] homepage
* [http://www.combatreels.com/2nd_Infantry_Division_Normandy_DVD.cfm 2nd US Infantry Division World War II in Normandy Combat Film DVD ]
* [http://www.combatreels.com/2nd_Infantry_Division_Europe_DVD.cfm 2nd Infantry Division in Europe World War II Combat Film DVD August–October 1944]

{{Army Divisions (United States)}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:2nd Infantry Division (United States)}}
[[Category:United States Army divisions during World War II|Infantry Division, U.S. 002d]]
[[Category:Infantry divisions of the United States Army|002nd Infantry Division, U.S.]]
[[Category:United States Army divisions of World War I|02]]
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1917|002]]
[[Category:Military units and formations in Washington (state)|002]]
[[Category:United States Army units and formations in the Korean War|USInfDiv0002]]
[[Category:Military units of the United States Army in South Korea|002]]
[[Category:Military units and formations of the United States in the Cold War|002]]
[[Category:Infantry divisions of the United States Army in World War II]]
[[Category:Divisions of the United States in Korean War|Infantry]]