Editing 271

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{{About year|271}}
{{more citations needed|date=November 2017}}
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[[File: Map of Ancient Rome 271 AD.svg|upright=1.35|thumb|[[Roman Empire|Roman Empire (271)]]]]
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Year '''271''' ('''[[Roman numerals|CCLXXI]]''') was a [[common year starting on Sunday]] of the [[Julian calendar]]. At the time, it was known as the '''Year of the Consulship of Aurelianus and Bassus''' (or, less frequently, '''year 1024 ''[[Ab urbe condita]]'''''). The denomination 271 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the [[Anno Domini]] [[calendar era]] became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

== Events ==
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=== By place ===
==== Roman Empire ====
* After an indecisive battle, Emperor [[Aurelian]] defeats the [[Vandals]], and forces them from [[Pannonia]], and across the [[Danube]].
*[[Battle of Placentia (271)|Battle of Placentia]]: The [[Iuthungi]]<ref>Watson, Alaric. ''Aurelian and the Third Century''. London, United Kingdom: Routledge, 1999, p. 50.</ref> invade [[Italy]] and sack the city of [[Piacenza]]. A Roman army under Emperor Aurelian is ambushed and defeated.
** [[Battle of Fano]]: The Iuthungi move towards a defenseless [[Ancient Rome|Rome]]. Aurelian rallies his men and defeats the [[Germanic peoples|Germanic tribes]] on the [[Metauro|Metauro River]], just inland of [[Fano]]. 
** [[Battle of Pavia (271)|Battle of Pavia]]: The Roman army pursues the Alamanni in [[Lombardy]]. Aurelian closes the passes in the [[Alps]] and encircles the invaders near [[Pavia]]. The Alamanni are destroyed and Aurelian receives the title ''Germanicus Maximus''.
* Following Aurelian's execution of [[Felicissimus]], the financial minister of the state treasury, on the charge of corruption, the [[mint (coin)|mint]] workers of the city of Rome, with senatorial support, lead an uprising against Aurelian. In bitter street-fighting on the [[Caelian Hill]] the rebels are defeated. The revolt is followed by a purge of Aurelian's senatorial opponents, including [[Urbanus (usurper)|Urbanus]]. 
* Around this time, generals loyal to Aurelian defeat the usurpers [[Septimius (usurper)|Septimius]] in Dalmatia and [[Domitian II]] in southern Gaul. The Iuthungian invasion may have encouraged the spate of revolts.
* Aurelian begins construction of a new [[defensive wall]] to protect Rome. The [[Aurelian Walls]], {{convert|19|km|mi|sp=us}}, enclose the city with [[fortification]]s.
* Perhaps around this time, Aurelian increases Rome's daily [[bread]] ration to nearly 1.5 pounds and adds [[lard|pig fat]] to the list of foods distributed free to the [[populace]].
* Aurelian defeats a Gothic raid into the Balkans and then invades the Gothic homeland. Here he defeats the Goths again, killing one of their leaders, Cannabas, who may be [[Cniva]], the Goth who had won the [[battle of Abritus]], at which Emperor [[Decius]] was killed.
* Aurelian withdraws Rome's administrative and military presence from [[Dacia]] (modern [[Romania]]), thereby rationalizing the Danube frontier and freeing resources for the forthcoming campaign against [[Zenobia]].

==== Europe ====
* [[Victorinus]], Emperor of the [[Gallic Empire]], is [[assassination|assassin]]ated by one of his officers, Attitianus, reportedly for reasons of personal [[revenge]]. He is succeeded by [[Tetricus I]], who is elevated with the help of Victorinus' mother Victoria.

==== Near East ====
* [[Zenobia]] invades Asia Minor and seizes control of Cilicia and Galatia before being stalled in Bithynia.
* [[Shapur I]] of the Sasanian Empire dies, and his successor, his son [[Hormizd I]], leads an army against nomads in Sogdiana, perhaps taking command of a war that had begun under his father. (Note: Some scholars date Shapur's death to 270 or 272)

=== By topic ===
==== Art and Science ====
* King [[Shapur I]] builds the [[Academy of Gundishapur]] ([[Iran]]), which becomes the intellectual center of the [[Sassanid Empire]]. 
* A [[magnetic compass]] is first used in [[China]].
</onlyinclude>

== Births ==
* [[Sima Wei]], Chinese prince of the [[Jin dynasty (265–420)|Jin Dynasty]] (d. [[291]])

== Deaths ==
* [[Ding Feng (general)|Ding Feng]], Chinese general and politician
* [[Domitian II]], emperor of the [[Gallic Empire]]
* [[Felicissimus]], Roman financial minister (''[[rationalis]]'')
* [[Hormizd I]] (or '''Ohrmazd'''), ruler of the [[Sasanian Empire|Sassanid Empire]]
* [[Liu Shan]], Chinese emperor of the [[Shu Han]] state (b. [[207]])
* [[Pei Xiu]], Chinese official, writer, geographer and [[cartography|cartographer]] (b. [[224]])
* [[Sima Wang]], Chinese general and prince of the [[Jin dynasty (265–420)|Jin dynasty]] (b. [[205]])
* [[Victorinus]], emperor of the Gallic Empire

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

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