Editing 244

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[[File:Bust Gordianus III Louvre Ma1063.jpg|upright=1.35|thumb|Emperor [[Gordian III|Gordianus III]]]]
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Year '''244''' ('''[[Roman numerals|CCXLIV]]''') was a [[leap year starting on Monday]] of the [[Julian calendar]]. At the time, it was known as the '''Year of the Consulship of [[Tiberius Pollenius Armenius Peregrinus|Armenius]] and Aemilianus''' (or, less frequently, '''year 997 ''[[Ab urbe condita]]'''''). The denomination 244 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the [[Anno Domini]] [[calendar era]] became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>

=== By place ===
==== Roman Empire ====
* Around February 11  &ndash; [[Battle of Misiche]]: King [[Shapur I]] and his Iranian army defeats the [[Roman army]].<ref>{{cite journal | pages=203{{endash}}204 | url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/24048443 | access-date=February 9, 2024 | first=Werner | last=Sundermann | journal= Bulletin of the Asia Institute |series=New Series | volume=7 | year=1993 | title=The Date of the Barm-e Delak Inscription| jstor=24048443 }}</ref>      
* [[February 11]] &ndash; Emperor [[Gordian III]] is murdered by [[Mutiny|mutinous]] soldiers in Zaitha ([[Mesopotamia]]). A mound is raised at [[Carchemish]] in his memory.  
* [[Philip the Arab]] (Marcus Julius Philippus) declares himself co-emperor, and makes a controversial peace with the [[Sassanian Empire]], withdrawing from their territory and giving Shapur 500,000 gold pieces. The Sassanians occupy [[Armenia]].
* Philip the Arab is recognized by the [[Roman Senate]] as the new [[Roman Emperor]] with the honorific ''[[Augustus (honorific)|Augustus]]''. He nominates his son [[Philippus II|Philippus]], age 6, with the title of ''[[Caesar (title)|Caesar]]'' and makes him heir to the throne; gives his brother [[Gaius Julius Priscus|Priscus]] supreme power (''rector Orientis'') in the Eastern provinces; and begins construction of the city of [[Shahba]] (Syria) in the province of his birth. 
*  The vassal Upper Mesopotamian kingdom of [[Osroene]] is absorbed into the Roman Empire, its last ruler being Abgar (XI) Farhat Bar Ma’nu.

==== Asia ====
* [[Battle of Xingshi]]:  [[Shu Han]] defeats the Chinese state of [[Cao Wei]].

==== Korea ====
* The [[Goguryeo–Wei War]] is fought between the Korean kingdom [[Goguryeo]] and the Chinese state [[Cao Wei]].

=== By topic ===
==== Art and Science ====
* [[Plotinus]], Greek [[philosopher]], escapes the bloodshed that accompanies the murder of Gordianus III and makes his way to [[Antioch]]. Back in [[Ancient Rome|Rome]] he founds his [[Neoplatonist]] school and attracts [[Disciples of Plotinus|disciples]] like [[Porphyry (philosopher)|Porphyry]], Castricius Firmus and Eustochius of Alexandria.
* 244&ndash;249 &ndash; Bust of [[Philip the Arab]] (in Braccio Nuovo, [[Vatican Museums]], Rome).

==== Commerce ====
* The [[silver]] content of the Roman [[denarius]] falls to 0.5 percent under emperor Philippus I, down from 28 percent under Gordian III.

==== Religion ====
* 244&ndash;245 &ndash; Last phase of construction of the house-style [[Dura-Europos synagogue]] in [[Syria]], one of the oldest to survive (wall-paintings in the [[National Museum of Damascus]], Syria).
</onlyinclude>

== Births ==
* [[December 22]] &ndash; [[Diocletian]], Roman emperor (d. [[AD 311|311]])
* [[Alexander of Constantinople]], bishop of [[Byzantium]] (approximate date)

== Deaths ==
* [[February 11]] &ndash; [[Gordian III]], Roman emperor (b. [[225]])
* [[Cao Xun]], Chinese prince of the [[Cao Wei]] state (b. [[231]])
* [[Ge Xuan]] (or '''Xiaoxian'''), Chinese [[Taoism|Taoist]] (b. [[164]])
* [[Zhang Cheng (Three Kingdoms)|Zhang Cheng]] (or '''Zhongsi'''), Chinese general (b. [[178]])

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

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