Editing 242

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{{About year|242}}
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[[File:Dinar of Shapur I, circa AD 244-252.jpg|upright=1.35|thumb|[[Gold dinar]] of [[Shapur I]] (r. 240–270)]]
Year '''242''' ('''[[Roman numerals|CCXLII]]''') was a [[common year starting on Saturday]] of the [[Julian calendar]]. At the time, it was known as the '''Year of the Consulship of Gratus and Lepidus''' (or, less frequently, '''year 995 ''[[Ab urbe condita]]'''''). The denomination 242 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the [[Anno Domini]] [[calendar era]] became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

== Events ==

=== By place ===
==== Roman Empire ====
* Emperor [[Gordian III]] begins a campaign against King [[Shapur I]], and leads victories at [[Antioch]], [[Carrhae]], [[Nisibis]], and [[Resaina]].<ref name=shapur>{{cite web | url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/shapur-i | access-date=February 19, 2024 | title=ŠĀPUR I: History | series=Encyclopædia Iranica | first=Shapur | last=Shahbazi}}</ref>
* Gordian III evacuates the [[Cimmerians|Cimmerian]] cities in the [[Bosporan Kingdom|Bosphorus]] ([[Crimea]]), as the territory is now controlled by the [[Goths]].

==== Persia ====
* Shapur I makes a pre-emptive attack on [[Antioch]] to drive out the Romans. Gordian's father-in-law, [[Gaius Furius Sabinius Aquila Timesitheus|Timesitheus]], leads a Roman army to defeat the Sassanids at [[Harran|Carrhae]] and [[Nusaybin|Nisibis]].
* King [[Ardashir I]], founder of the [[Sassanid Empire]], dies after a 30-year reign. He is succeeded by his son and co-ruler Shapur I.

=== By topic ===
==== Religion ====
* Patriarch [[Titus of Byzantium|Titus]] succeeds [[Eugenius I of Byzantium|Eugenius I]] as [[Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople|Patriarch of Constantinople]] (until [[272]]).
</onlyinclude>

== Births ==
* [[Saloninus]], Roman emperor (d. [[260]])

== Deaths ==
* [[Ammonius Saccas]], Egyptian philosopher (b. [[175]])
* [[Ardashir I]], king of the [[Sassanid Empire]] (b. [[180]])
* [[Cao Hui (Prince of Dongping)|Cao Hui]], Chinese prince of the [[Cao Wei]] state
* [[Man Chong]] (or '''Boning'''), Chinese politician

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:242}}
[[Category:242| ]]