Editing 1976 Summer Olympics

{{Short description|Multi-sport event in Montreal, Canada}}
{{redirect|Games of the XXI Olympiad|the album by Black Cab|Games of the XXI Olympiad (album)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2020}}
{{Use Canadian English|date=September 2022}}
{{Infobox Olympic games|1976|Summer|Olympics|
| image = 1976 Summer Olympics logo.svg
| image_size = 190
| caption = Emblem of the 1976 Summer Olympics
| host_city = [[Montreal]], Canada
| nations = 92
| athletes = 6,073 (4,813 men, 1,260 women)
| events = 198 in 21 [[Olympic sports|sports]] (27 disciplines)
| opening = July 17, 1976
| closing = August 1, 1976
| opened_by = [[Monarchy of Canada|Queen]] [[Elizabeth II]]<ref name="Opening and Cauldron">{{cite press release |title=Factsheet - Opening Ceremony of the Games of the Olympiad|url=https://stillmed.olympic.org/Documents/Reference_documents_Factsheets/Opening_ceremony_of_the_Games_of_the_Olympiad.pdf|url-status=live |publisher=International Olympic Committee|date=October 9, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160814215458/https://stillmed.olympic.org/Documents/Reference_documents_Factsheets/Opening_ceremony_of_the_Games_of_the_Olympiad.pdf |archive-date=August 14, 2016|access-date=December 22, 2018}}</ref>
| cauldron = [[Stéphane Préfontaine]]<br />[[Sandra Henderson]]<ref name="Opening and Cauldron"/>
| stadium = [[Olympic Stadium (Montreal)|Olympic Stadium]]
| summer_prev = [[1972 Summer Olympics|Munich 1972]]
| summer_next = [[1980 Summer Olympics|Moscow 1980]]
| winter_prev = [[1976 Winter Olympics|Innsbruck 1976]]
| winter_next = [[1980 Winter Olympics|Lake Placid 1980]]
|closed_by=[[President of the International Olympic Committee|IOC President]] [[Michael Morris, 3rd Baron Killanin|Lord Killanin]]}}
{{1976 Summer Olympics}}

The '''1976 Summer Olympics''' ({{langx|fr|Jeux olympiques d'été de 1976}}), officially known as the '''Games of the XXI Olympiad''' ({{langx|fr|Jeux de la XXIe Olympiade}}) and officially branded as '''Montreal 1976''' ({{langx|fr|Montréal 1976}}), were an international [[multi-sport event]] held from July 17 to August 1, 1976, in [[Montreal]], Quebec, Canada. Montreal was awarded the rights to the 1976 Games at the 69th [[IOC Session]] in [[Amsterdam]] on May 12, 1970, over the bids of [[Moscow]] and [[Los Angeles]]. It is the only Summer Olympic Games to be held in Canada. [[Toronto]] hosted the [[1976 Summer Paralympics]] the same year as the Montreal Olympics, also the only [[Summer Paralympics]] to be held in Canada. [[Calgary]] and [[Vancouver]] later hosted the Winter Olympic Games in [[1988 Winter Olympics|1988]] and [[2010 Winter Olympics|2010]], respectively.  This was the first of two consecutive Olympic games held in North America, followed by the [[1980 Winter Olympics]] in Lake Placid.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-08-13 |title=List of Upcoming Olympics Games till 2034: Check Host Country, Venue and Other Details |url=https://www.jagranjosh.com/general-knowledge/next-olympics-host-countries-venue-and-locations-1723454399-1 |access-date=2024-08-15 |website=Jagranjosh.com |language=en}}</ref>

Twenty-nine countries, mostly African, boycotted the Montreal Games when the [[International Olympic Committee]] (IOC) refused to ban New Zealand, after the [[New Zealand national rugby union team]] had [[1976 New Zealand rugby union tour of South Africa|toured South Africa earlier in 1976]] in defiance of the [[United Nations]]' calls for a sporting embargo due to their racist [[apartheid]] policies. The Soviet Union won the most gold and overall medals, with the [[Eastern Bloc]] having seven countries in the top 10 of the medal table.

==Host city selection==
The vote occurred at the 69th [[List of IOC meetings#IOC Sessions|IOC Session]] in Amsterdam, [[Netherlands]] on May 12, 1970. While Los Angeles and Moscow were viewed as the favourites, given that they represented the world's two main powers, many of the smaller and neutral countries supported Montreal as an [[underdog (term)|underdog]] and as a relatively neutral site for the Games. Los Angeles was eliminated after the first round, and Montreal won over Moscow in the second round. Moscow and Los Angeles would go on to host the next two Summer Games, [[1980 Summer Olympics|1980]] and [[1984 Summer Olympics]], respectively, which were also marked by political boycotts (for instance, the U.S.-led boycott of the [[Soviet invasion of Afghanistan]] in 1979). One blank vote was cast in the second and final round.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aldaver.com/votes.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030424025744/http://aldaver.com/votes.html|url-status=usurped|archive-date=April 24, 2003|title=IOC VOTE HISTORY|publisher=aldaver.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Stuart|first1=Charles Edward|title=Never Trust a Local: Inside the Nixon White House|date=2005|publisher=Algora Publishing|page=160}}</ref><ref name="votes">{{cite web|title=Past Olympic host city election results|url=http://www.gamesbids.com/english/archives/past.shtml|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110124022022/http://www.gamesbids.com/eng/past.html|archive-date=January 24, 2011|access-date=March 17, 2011|publisher=[[GamesBids]]}}</ref> The Soviet state media accused the IOC of political corruption following the vote.<ref>[https://yandex.ru/archive/catalog/b0d2bb72-46b0-49bb-8472-7de04f018775/3?snippet=10.+%5C007%5B%D0%A7%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%5C007%5D+%5C007%5B%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%5C007%5D+%5C007%5B%D0%BF%D0%BE%5C007%5D+%5C007%5B%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%5C007%5D.+...+%5C007%5B%D0%A7%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%5C007%5D+%5C007%5B%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%5C007%5D+%5C007%5B%D0%BF%D0%BE%5C007%5D+%5C007%5B%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%5C007%5D.+%D0%9D%D0%B0+%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B5%3A+%D1%8D%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B4+%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B8+%D1%81%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0+%D0%B8+%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8B%2C+%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE+%D0%A2%D0%90%D0%9D%D0%AE%D0%93+-.+%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BA-%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4+%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BC+%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8.&text=%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82+%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0+%D0%BF%D0%BE+%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83 Советский Спорт (Soviet Sports)]</ref>

[[Toronto]] had made its third attempt for the Olympics, but failed to win the support of the [[Canadian Olympic Committee]], which selected Montreal instead.<ref>{{cite news|date=July 24, 2015|title=Toronto has made 5 attempts to host the Olympics. Could the sixth be the winner? – Toronto Star|url=https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2015/07/24/toronto-has-made-5-attempts-to-host-the-olympics-could-the-sixth-be-the-winner.html|newspaper=The Toronto Star|last1=Edwards|first1=Peter}}</ref>

{|class="wikitable"
|-
! colspan="7" | 1976 Summer Olympics bidding results<ref name=votes />
|-//stop//
! rowspan=2 | City
! rowspan=2 | Country
! colspan=2 style="background:silver;"| Round
|-
! style="background:silver;"| 1
! style="background:silver;"| 2
|-
| [[Montreal]] || {{flag|Canada}} || style="text-align:center;"|25 || style="text-align:center;"|'''41'''
|-
| [[Moscow]] || {{flag|Soviet Union}} || style="text-align:center;"|'''28''' || style="text-align:center;"|28
|-
| [[Los Angeles]] || {{flag|United States}} || style="text-align:center;"|17 || style="text-align:center;"|—
|}

==Organization==
{{multiple issues|section=yes|
{{missing information|section|COJO (Comité Organisateur des Jeux de la XXIe Olympiade Montréal 1976) and the games' organization|date=July 2016}}
{{generalize|section|date=July 2016}}
}}
[[Robert Bourassa]], then the [[Premier of Quebec]], asked Prime Minister [[Pierre Trudeau]] to advise [[Monarchy of Canada|Canada's monarch]] [[Elizabeth II]] to attend the opening of the games. However, Bourassa later became unsettled about how unpopular the move might be with [[Quebec sovereignty movement|sovereigntists in the province]], annoying Trudeau, who had already made arrangements.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Heinricks|first=Geoff|year=2000|access-date=1 July 2023|title=Opinion: Trudeau And The Monarchy|url=http://www.monarchist.ca/cmn/2001/opinion.htm|website=[[Monarchist League of Canada|monarchist.ca]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080423033405/http://www.monarchist.ca/cmn/2001/opinion.htm|archive-date=23 April 2008|url-status=dead}} First published in ''Canadian Monarchist News'', Winter/Spring 2000–01. Reprinted courtesy ''[[National Post]]''.</ref> [[René Lévesque]], the leader of the [[Parti Québécois]] at the time, sent his own letter to [[Buckingham Palace]], asking the Queen to refuse her prime minister's request, but she did not oblige Lévesque as he was out of his jurisdiction in offering advice to the Sovereign.<ref>{{cite web|date=September 26, 2003|title=Politics - Parties & Leaders - René Lévesque's Separatist Fight - René, The Queen and the FLQ|url=http://archives.cbc.ca/IDC-1-74-870-5019/people/rene_levesque/clip6|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080107164733/http://archives.cbc.ca/IDC-1-74-870-5019/people/rene_levesque/clip6|archive-date=January 7, 2008|publisher=CBC Archives}}</ref>

In 1976, Trudeau, succumbing to pressure from the [[People's Republic of China]], issued an order barring [[Sports in Taiwan|Taiwan]] from participating as China in the 1976 Montreal Olympics, although it was technically a matter for the [[International Olympic Committee|IOC]].<ref name="As It Happens">{{cite web | url=http://www.cbc.ca/archives/entry/taiwan-controversy-at-the-1976-montreal-olympics | title=Taiwan controversy at the 1976 Montreal Olympics | publisher=[[CBC Radio One]] | work=[[CBC Archives]]: [[As It Happens]] | date=July 16, 1976 | access-date=January 25, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180209182414/http://www.cbc.ca/archives/entry/taiwan-controversy-at-the-1976-montreal-olympics |archive-date=9 February 2018 |url-status=dead}}</ref> His action strained relations with the United States – from [[President Ford]] to future [[President Carter]] and the press.<ref name="As It Happens"/><ref>{{cite journal | title=Trudeau, Taiwan, and the 1976 Montreal Olympics | author=Donald Macintosh, Donna Greenhorn & Michael Hawes | journal= American Review of Canadian Studies | year=1991 | volume=21 | issue=4 | pages=423–448 | doi=10.1080/02722019109481098}}</ref> Trudeau's action was widely condemned as having brought shame on Canada by succumbing to political pressure to keep the Chinese delegation from competing under its name.<ref>{{Cite journal |doi = 10.1080/02722019109481098|title = Trudeau, Taiwan, and the 1976 Montreal Olympics|journal = American Review of Canadian Studies|volume = 21|issue = 4|pages = 423–448|year = 1991|last1 = MacIntosh|first1 = Donald|last2 = Greenhorn|first2 = Donna|last3 = Hawes|first3 = Michael}}</ref>

===Mascot===
{{main article|Amik}}
The mascot was a [[beaver]] named Amik, whose name was chosen after a national competition.<ref name="f582">{{cite web | title=Montreal 1976 The Mascot | website=Olympics.com | date=2020-12-17 | url=https://olympics.com/en/olympic-games/montreal-1976/mascot | access-date=2024-09-30}}</ref>

==Cost and cost overrun==
The ''Oxford Olympics Study'' estimates the outturn cost of the Montreal 1976 Summer Olympics at US$6.1&nbsp;billion in 2015 dollars and cost overrun at 720% in real terms.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Flyvbjerg|first1=Bent|url=https://eureka.sbs.ox.ac.uk/6195/1/2016-20.pdf|title=The Oxford Olympics Study 2016: Cost and Cost Overrun at the Games|last2=Stewart|first2=Allison|last3=Budzier|first3=Alexander|publisher=Saïd Business School Working Papers (Oxford: University of Oxford)|year=2016|location=Oxford|pages=9–13|ssrn=2804554|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170207002848/https://eureka.sbs.ox.ac.uk/6195/1/2016-20.pdf|archive-date=February 7, 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> This includes sports-related costs only, that is, ''operational costs'' incurred by the organizing committee for the purpose of staging the Games, e.g., expenditures for technology, transportation, workforce, administration, security, catering, ceremonies, and medical services, and ''direct capital costs'' incurred by the host city and country or private investors to build, e.g., the competition venues, the Olympic village, international broadcast centre, and media and press centre, which are required to host the Games. Indirect capital costs are ''not'' included, such as those for road, rail, or airport infrastructure, or for hotel upgrades or other business investment incurred in preparation for the Games but not directly related to staging the Games. The cost overrun for Montreal 1976 is the highest cost overrun on record for any Olympics. The cost and cost overrun for Montreal 1976 compares with costs of US$4.6&nbsp;billion and a cost overrun of 51% for Rio de Janeiro in 2016 and $15&nbsp;billion and 76% for London in 2012. The average cost for the Summer Games from 1960 to 2016 was $5.2&nbsp;billion in 2015 dollars, and the average cost overrun was 176%.

Much of the cost overruns were caused by the ''Conseil des métiers de la construction'' union, whose leader was [[André Desjardins|André "Dede" Desjardins]].<ref name="Bauch">{{cite news|last=Bauch|first=Hubert|title=Taillibert: Blame Ottawa, Quebec|newspaper=The Montreal Gazette|date=September 14, 2000|url=http://www.telusplanet.net/public/mozuz/crime/lemieszewski20001102.html|access-date= December 7, 2017|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180918123620/http://www.telusplanet.net/public/mozuz/crime/lemieszewski20001102.html|archive-date = September 18, 2018|url-status     = dead|df= mdy-all}}</ref> French architect [[Roger Taillibert]], who designed the Olympic stadium, recounted in his 2000 book ''Notre Cher Stade Olympique'' that he and Montreal mayor [[Jean Drapeau]] tried hard to buy off Desjardins, even taking him to a lunch at the exclusive Ritz-Carlton hotel in a vain attempt to end the "delays".<ref name="Bauch"/> Ultimately Quebec Premier [[Robert Bourassa]] made a secret deal to buy off Desjardins, which finally allowed work to proceed.<ref name="Bauch"/> Taillibert wrote in ''Notre Cher Stade Olympique'' "If the Olympic Games took place, it was thanks to Dede Desjardins. What irony!"<ref name="Bauch"/>

== Opening ceremony ==
{{external media|float=right|width=250px|video1=[https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=AsJOKRjqMbM&index=62&t=0s&list=WL 1976 Montreal Olympic Opening Ceremony]}}
{{no footnotes|section|date=November 2012}}
[[File:Stephane Prefontaine, Sandra Henderson 1976b.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|Préfontaine and Henderson lighting the Olympic Flame]]

The opening ceremony of the 1976 Summer Olympic Games was held at the incomplete [[Olympic Stadium (Montreal)|Olympic Stadium]] in [[Montreal]], Quebec on Saturday afternoon, July 17, 1976, in front of an audience of some 73,000 in the stadium and an estimated half billion watching on television.<ref>[http://ville.montreal.qc.ca/portal/page?_pageid=3056,3514006&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL Cérémonie d'ouverture]. City of Montreal website (in French)</ref>

[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-R0716-0111, Montreal, XXI. Olympiade, Cierpinski, Reimann, Stadtmüller.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|East German athletes [[Waldemar Cierpinski]], [[Hans-Georg Reimann]] and [[Karl-Heinz Stadtmüller]] at the Olympic Village]]

Following an air show by the [[Canadian Forces]] [[Royal Canadian Air Force|Air Command]]'s [[Snowbirds (aerobatic team)|Snowbirds]] aerobatic flight demonstration squadron in the sunny skies above the stadium, the ceremony officially began at 3:00 pm with a trumpet fanfare and the arrival of [[Elizabeth II]], as Queen of Canada.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-ZqPL9FOHI0 Video of the ceremony ]. Youtube</ref> The Queen was accompanied by [[Michael Morris, 3rd Baron Killanin|Michael Morris]], Lord Killanin, President of the International Olympic Committee, and was greeted to an orchestral rendition of '[[O Canada]]', an arrangement that would be used for many years in schools across the country, as well as in the daily sign-off of TV broadcasts in the country.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qqmXyWbrD0I CBC sign-on, sign-off video from 1987]. Youtube</ref>

The queen entered the Royal Box with her consort, [[Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh]], and her son, [[Prince Andrew, Duke of York|Prince Andrew]]. (Her daughter, [[Anne, Princess Royal|Princess Anne]], was an equestrian competing at Great Britain equestrian team. Prince Philip was also president of the [[International Equestrian Federation]] (FEI) at the time of the 1976 Summer Olympics.) She joined a number of Canadian and Olympic dignitaries, including: [[Jules Léger]], Governor General of Canada, and his wife, [[Gabrielle Léger|Gabrielle]]; Prime Minister [[Pierre Trudeau]] and wife, [[Margaret Trudeau|Margaret]]; [[Robert Bourassa]], Premier of the province of Quebec; [[Roger Rousseau]], chief of the Montreal Olympic Organizing Committee (COJOM); Sheila Dunlop, Lady Killanin, wife of the IOC President; Mayor of Montreal, [[Jean Drapeau]], and his wife, Marie-Claire.

The parade of athletes began moments later with the arrival of the Greek team, and concluded with the entrance of the Canadian team. All other teams entered the stadium according to French alphabetical order (as the host city main language). The ceremony was marked by the adorning of [[Israel]]'s flag with a black mourning ribbon, in memory of the eleven athletes and coaches killed by Palestinian terrorists at the [[1972 Summer Olympics|previous Summer Olympic Games]] in [[Munich]] four years earlier. Although most would eventually boycott the Games in the days to follow, a number of African delegations did march in the parade. Much of the music performed for the parade was arranged by [[Victor Vogel]] and was inspired by late Quebecois composer [[André Mathieu]].<ref>Arthur Takacs. [http://www.montrealolympics.com/takac.php Sixty Olympic Years]. montrealolympics.com</ref>

Immediately following the parade, a troupe of 80 women dancers dressed in white (representing the 80th anniversary of the revival of the Olympic Games) performed a brief dance in the outline of the Olympic rings. Following that came the official speeches, first by Roger Rousseau, head of the Montreal Olympic organizing committee, and Lord Killanin. Her Majesty was then invited to proclaim the Games open, which she did, first in French, then in English.

Accompanied by the Olympic Hymn, the Olympic flag was carried into the stadium and hoisted at the west end of the stadium. The flag was carried by eight men and hoisted by four women, representing the ten provinces and two territories (at the time) of Canada. As the flag was hoisted, an all-male choir performed an a cappella version of the Olympic Hymn.

Once the flag was hosted, a troupe of Bavarian dancers representing Munich, host of the previous Summer Olympics, entered the stadium with the [[Olympic symbols#Antwerp flag|Antwerp flag]]. Following a brief dance, that flag was then passed from the Mayor of Munich to the IOC President and then to the Mayor of Montreal. Next came a presentation of traditional Québécois folk dancers. The two troupes merged in dance together to the strains of "Vive le Compagnie" and exited the stadium with the Antwerp Flag, which would be displayed at Montreal City Hall until the opening of the [[1980 Summer Olympics]] in Moscow. Three cannons were then fired, as the 80-member troupe of female dancers unfolded special crates that released doves and ribbons in the five Olympic colours.

Another trumpet fanfare announced the arrival of the Olympic Flame. The torch was carried by 15-year-olds Stéphane Préfontaine and Sandra Henderson, chosen as representatives of the unity within Canada's linguistic heritage. This would also be the first time two people would light the Olympic flame, and Henderson would become only the second woman to do the honours. The duo would make a lap of the stadium and then climbed a staircase on a special dais at the centre of the stadium to set the Olympic flame alight in a temporary white aluminum cauldron. The flame was later transported to a more permanent cauldron just outside the running track to burn throughout the duration of the Games. A choir then performed the Olympic Cantata as onlookers admired the Olympic flame.

The "Youth of Canada" took to the track to perform a colourful choreographed segment with flags, ribbons and a variety of rhythmic gymnast performers. The flag bearers of each team then circled around the speaker's dais as Pierre St-Jean recited the Athletes' Oath and Maurice Forget recited the Judges' Oath, in English and in French, with right hand over the heart and the Canadian flag clutched in the left. Finally, a choral performance of "O Canada" in both French and English marked the close of the opening ceremony, as the announcers concluded with a declaration of the Games motto: 'Vive les Jeux de Montreal! Long Live the Montreal Games'.

The Montreal ceremony would be the first of its kind in Summer Games, as future Olympic ceremonies, beginning with the new Olympic Charter were reinforced before the [[1980 Summer Olympics]], would become more focused on the host country culture.

== Security ==
Because of the [[Munich massacre]], security at these games was visible. The extensive security measures included the requirement for all workers to hold a valid [[accreditation]]. Surveillance of [[acoustics]] was installed in the Olympic Village where athletes were accommodated. Furthermore, a systematic installation of [[closed-circuit television]] (CCTV) was attempted for the first time in the history of the Olympic games.<ref>{{cite book |author1=Pete Fussey |author2=Gary Armstrong |author3=Jon Coaffee |author4=Dick Hobbs |title=Securing and Sustaining the Olympic City: Reconfiguring London for 2012 and Beyond |date=2012 |publisher=Ashgate Publishing Limited |isbn=9781409492955 |page= }}</ref>

== Highlights ==
* These Olympics were the first of two summer games to be organized under the IOC presidency of [[Michael Morris, 3rd Baron Killanin]].
* [[Taro Aso]] was a member of the Japanese shooting team. 32 years later, he would be elected as the Prime Minister of Japan.
* The Games were opened by [[Elizabeth II]], as [[Monarchy of Canada|head of state of Canada]], and several members of the [[British Royal Family|Royal Family]] attended the opening ceremonies. This was particularly significant, as these were the first Olympic games hosted on Canadian soil. The Queen's daughter, [[Anne, Princess Royal|Princess Anne]], also competed in the games as part of the British riding team. Additionally, the Queen's husband, [[Prince Philip]], was President of the [[International Equestrian Federation]] (FEI) at the time.
* After a rainstorm doused the [[Olympic Flame]] a few days after the games had opened, an official relit the flame using his cigarette lighter. Organizers quickly doused it again and relit it using a backup of the original flame.
* The Israeli team walked into the stadium at the opening ceremony wearing black ribbons in commemoration of the 1972 [[Munich massacre]].<ref>{{YouTube|-ZqPL9FOHI0}}</ref>
* Women's events were introduced in basketball, [[handball]], and [[Rowing (sport)|rowing]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://montrealgazette.com/sports/montreal-olympics-photo-flashback-more-women-competed-thanks-to-three-new-events |title=Montreal Olympics photo flashback: More women competed thanks to three new events &#124; Montreal Gazette |date=24 May 2018 |website= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180524075011/https://montrealgazette.com/sports/montreal-olympics-photo-flashback-more-women-competed-thanks-to-three-new-events |archive-date=24 May 2018 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
* Canada, the host country, finished with five silver and six bronze medals. This was the first time that the host country of the Summer Games had not won any [[gold medals]]. This had occurred previously only in the Winter Games – [[1924 Winter Olympics|1924]] in [[Chamonix]], France, and [[1928 Winter Olympics|1928]] in [[St. Moritz]], Switzerland. This later occurred at the [[1984 Winter Olympics|1984 Winter Games]] in [[Sarajevo]], [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|Yugoslavia]], and again at the [[1988 Winter Olympics]] in [[Calgary]], Alberta, Canada.
* Because of the [[Munich massacre]], security at these games was visible, as it had been earlier in the year at the [[1976 Winter Olympics|Winter Games]] in [[Innsbruck, Austria]].
* At age 14, gymnast [[Nadia Comăneci]] of Romania became the first person to score a [[Perfect 10 (gymnastics)|perfect 10]] at the Olympics, recording seven 10.00 scores and winning three gold medals, including the [[Gymnastics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's artistic individual all-around|all-around]]. The scoreboard could hold only 3 digits and the score was shown as 1.00. 
* [[Alberto Juantorena]] of Cuba became the first man to win both the 400 m and 800 m at the same Olympics.
* Finland's [[Lasse Virén]] repeated his [[1972 Summer Olympics|1972]] double win in the 5,000 and 10,000 m runs, the first runner to successfully defend a 5,000 m win (since equalled by Great Britain's [[Mo Farah]] in 2016). Virén finished 5th in the [[marathon (sport)|marathon]], thereby failing to equal [[Emil Zátopek]]'s 1952 achievements.
* [[Hasely Crawford]] won Trinidad and Tobago's first Olympic gold medal by finishing first in the 100 meter dash.
* [[Viktor Saneyev]] of the [[Soviet Union]] won his third consecutive [[triple jump]] gold medal, while [[Klaus Dibiasi]] of Italy did the same in the platform [[Diving (sport)|diving]] event.
* [[Boris Onishchenko]], a member of the Soviet Union's [[modern pentathlon]] team, was disqualified after it was discovered that he had rigged his [[épée]] to register a hit when there was not one. Because of this, the Soviet modern pentathlon team was disqualified. Due to his disqualification, he earned the nickname "Boris DISonish-chenko". Many suggested that he was a victim of the Soviet "win it all" mentality.<ref>{{cite web|title=Onischenko pushes the button and oversteps boundaries for fencing glory|url=https://www.olympicchannel.com/en/playback/strangest-moments/episodes/onischenko-pushes-the-button-and-oversteps-boundaries-for-fencing-glory/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180207012204/https://www.olympicchannel.com/en/playback/strangest-moments/episodes/onischenko-pushes-the-button-and-oversteps-boundaries-for-fencing-glory/|archive-date=February 7, 2018|website=Olympic Channel}}</ref>
* Five American [[boxing|boxers]] – [[Sugar Ray Leonard]], [[Leon Spinks]], [[Michael Spinks]], [[Leo Randolph]] and [[Howard Davis Jr.]] won gold medals in [[boxing]]. This has been often called the greatest Olympic boxing team the United States ever had, and, out of the five American gold medalists in boxing, all but Davis went on to become professional world champions.
* [[Anne, Princess Royal|Princess Anne]] of Great Britain was the only female competitor not to have to submit to a [[Sex determination in sports|sex test]].<ref>This has often been reported as fact as early as 1977, but never verified by the Olympics authorities. For example, see {{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PWLvAAAAMAAJ&q=%22sex+test%22+%22princess+anne%22 | title=THE BARBIE DOLL SOAP OPERA | work=New York Daily News | publisher=reprinted in Best Sports Stories 1977 | access-date=July 25, 2012 | author=Young, Dick | year=1977 | pages=47 | isbn=9780525066231 | quote=I have it on the strongest authority that Princess Anne did not have to submit to a sex test to compete in the Olympic Equestrian events.}}</ref> She was a member of her country's [[equestrianism|equestrian]] team.
* Japanese gymnast [[Shun Fujimoto]] performed on a broken right knee, and helped the Japanese team win the gold medal for the team [[Gymnastics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's artistic team all-around|championship]]. Fujimoto broke his leg on the floor exercise, and due to the closeness in the overall standings with the USSR, he hid the extent of the injury. With a broken knee, Fujimoto was able to complete his event on the rings, performing a perfect triple somersault dismount, maintaining perfect posture. He scored a 9.7 thus securing gold for Japan. Years later, when asked if he would do it again, he stated bluntly "No, I would not."<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/olympics2000/fans_guide/883355.stm "Fujimoto caps Japanese success"], BBC, September 29, 2000</ref>
* The U.S. men's swimming team won all but one gold medal. [[John Naber]] won four gold medals and a silver medal.
* The East German women's swimming team won all but two gold medals. [[Kornelia Ender]] won four gold medals and a silver medal.
* In winning the gold medal for the men's 100m freestyle, [[Jim Montgomery (swimmer)|Jim Montgomery]] became the first person to break the 50 second mark in the event, taking first place in the final in a time of 49.99.
* For the first time ever, a woman won an Olympic medal in shooting: American [[Margaret Murdock]] caught the silver in the [[three positions]] event. [[Lanny Bassham]] (another American) and Murdock tied for the first place, but Murdock was placed second after review of the targets. Bassham suggested that two gold medals be given, and after this request was declined, asked Murdock to share the top step with him at the award ceremony. At that time, all the shooting sport events were mixed. Murdock became the first woman to win an Olympic medal in shooting.<ref name="SR">{{cite web |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1976/SHO/mixed-small-bore-rifle-three-positions-50-metres.html |title=Shooting at the 1976 Montreal Summer Games: Mixed Small-Bore Rifle, Three Positions, 50 metres |work=Sports Reference |access-date=7 February 2020 |archive-date=April 18, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418131405/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1976/SHO/mixed-small-bore-rifle-three-positions-50-metres.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Luann Ryon]] won the women's [[Archery]] gold for the United States; Ryon had never before competed at the international level.
* [[Bruce Jenner]]{{efn|now known as Caitlyn Jenner.}} won the gold medal for [[decathlon]], setting a world record of 8,634 points.
* [[Greg Louganis]] won the silver medal for the 10m Platform event in Men's Diving at 16 years old.<ref>Gregory Louganis' Athlete Profile at Olympics.com, the IOC website https://olympics.com/en/athletes/gregory-louganis</ref>
* [[Alex Oakley]], the Canadian race walker, became the oldest track and field athlete to compete at the Olympic Games. He was aged 50, and taking part in his fifth Olympics.
* The [[New Zealand men's national field hockey team]] beat Australia to win gold, becoming the first non-Asian/European team to win the gold medal in hockey. It is also the first Olympic games in which hockey was played on artificial turf.
* The Polish men's volleyball team came back from being down 2 sets against the USSR to win the gold medal.
* Twenty-year-old [[Morehouse College]] student [[Edwin Moses]] sets a new world record in the 400m hurdles, less than a year after taking up the event. He is also America's only male individual track gold medalist.
* [[Thomas Bach]] of [[West Germany]] won a gold medal in the [[Fencing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's team foil|team foil]] event in [[Fencing at the 1976 Summer Olympics|fencing]]. He would later become [[IOC President]].
* Heavyweight boxer [[Clarence Hill (boxer)|Clarence Hill]] won a bronze medal for [[Bermuda]]. His accomplishment makes Bermuda the smallest nation in terms of population to win an Olympic medal at the Summer Olympics.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Plautz|first1=Jason|title=The 21 Countries With One Olympic Medal|date=July 26, 2012|url=http://mentalfloss.com/article/31311/21-countries-one-olympic-medal%20The%2021%20Countries%20With%20One%20Olympic%20Medal|publisher=mentalfloss.com}}</ref>
*[[East Germany]] surpassed all expectations for a middle-sized nation by finishing with the second most gold medals in total. The East German women's swimming team won all but two gold medals. Swimmer [[Kornelia Ender]] won four gold medals and a silver medal. However, the GDR's achievements were later fundamentally undermined by the exposure of a serious and systematic scheme of doping by the East German sporting authorities.<ref>{{cite web|title=Doping Scandal of East Germany in the 1970s|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VvKQ2kVBwTU|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140115224156/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VvKQ2kVBwTU|archive-date=January 15, 2014|website=[[YouTube]]}}</ref> It was later revealed that after injecting athletes with performance-boosting drugs at the Montreal Olympics, East German officials dumped the leftover serum and syringes in the [[Saint Lawrence River]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cbc.ca/sports/stasi-dumped-syringes-in-st-lawrence-in-1976-report-1.805983|title=Stasi dumped syringes in St. Lawrence in 1976: report|publisher=[[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation]] |author=CBC News |date= November 8, 2009|access-date=May 13, 2016}}</ref>

== Venues ==
{{Main|Venues of the 1976 Summer Olympics}}
[[File:Olympic Village Montreal Jan 2008.JPG|right|thumb|The Olympic Village in January 2008.]]

=== Montreal Olympic Park ===
{{main|Olympic Park, Montreal}}
* [[Olympic Stadium (Montreal)|Olympic Stadium]] – opening/closing ceremonies, athletics, football (final), equestrian (jumping team final)
* [[Olympic Pool (Montreal)|Olympic Pool]] – diving, modern pentathlon (swimming), swimming, water polo (final)
* [[Montreal Biodome|Olympic Velodrome]] – cycling (track), judo
* [[Montreal Botanical Garden]] – athletics (20&nbsp;km walk), modern pentathlon (running)
* [[Maurice Richard Arena]] – boxing, wrestling (freestyle finals)
* [[Centre Pierre Charbonneau]] – wrestling
* [[Olympic Village (Montreal)|Olympic Village]] – athletes' residence

=== Venues in Greater Montreal ===
* [[Île Notre-Dame|Olympic Basin, Île Notre-Dame]] – canoeing, rowing
* [[Complexe sportif Claude-Robillard|Claude Robillard Centre]] – handball, water polo
* [[Centre Étienne Desmarteau]] – basketball
* [[St. Michel Arena]] – weightlifting
* [[Paul Sauvé Centre]] – volleyball
* [[Montreal Forum]] – basketball (men's medal matches), boxing (finals), gymnastics, handball (men's medal matches), volleyball (finals)
* [[Mount Royal|Mount Royal Park]] – cycling (individual road race)
* [[Quebec Autoroute 40]] – cycling (road team time trial)
* Streets of Montreal – athletics (marathon)
* [[Winter Stadium (Montreal)|Winter Stadium, Université de Montréal]] – fencing, modern pentathlon (fencing)
* [[Percival Molson Memorial Stadium|Molson Stadium, McGill University]] – field hockey

=== Venues outside Montreal ===
* [[Olympic Shooting Range, L'Acadie]] – modern pentathlon (shooting), shooting
* [[Olympic Archery Field, Joliette]] – archery
* [[Olympic Equestrian Centre, Bromont]] – equestrian (all but jumping team), modern pentathlon (riding)
* [[PEPS|Pavilion de l'éducation physique et des sports de l'Université Laval]], [[Quebec City]], Quebec – handball preliminaries
* [[Municipal Stadium (Sherbrooke)|Sherbrooke Stadium]], [[Sherbrooke]], Quebec – football preliminaries
* [[Palais des Sports (Sherbrooke)|Sherbrooke Sports Palace]], [[Sherbrooke]], Quebec – handball preliminaries
* [[Portsmouth Olympic Harbour]], [[Kingston, Ontario]] – sailing
* [[Varsity Stadium]], [[Toronto]], Ontario – football preliminaries
* [[Frank Clair Stadium|Lansdowne Park]], [[Ottawa]], Ontario – football preliminaries

== Sports ==
[[File:MontrealOlympicTowerAndBiodome1.jpg|thumb|upright=1.35|Velodrome (foreground) and Olympic Stadium (its tower completed after the Games), Montreal]]
There was a desire by the IOC's program commission to reduce the number of competitors and a number of recommendations were put to the IOC's executive board on February 23, 1973, which were all accepted. Rowing was the only sport where the number of competitors was increased, and women were admitted for the first time in Olympic history. The 1976 Summer Olympic program featured 196 events with 198 medal ceremonies in the following 21 sports:{{sfn|Official Report of the Organising Committee|1978|p=116}}

{{div col|colwidth=17em}}
*Aquatics
**{{GamesSport|Diving|Events=4|Format=d}}
**{{GamesSport|Swimming|Events=26|Format=d}}
**{{GamesSport|Water polo|Events=1|Format=d}}
*{{GamesSport|Archery|Events=2|Format=d}}
*{{GamesSport|Athletics|Events=37|Format=d}}
*{{GamesSport|Basketball|Events=2|Format=d}}
*{{GamesSport|Boxing|Events=11|Format=d}}
*{{GamesSport|Canoeing|Events=11|Format=d}}
*{{GamesSport|Cycling|Format=d}}
**Road <small>(2)</small>
**Track <small>(4)</small>
*{{GamesSport|Equestrian|Format=d}}
**Dressage <small>(2)</small>
**Eventing <small>(2)</small>
**Show jumping <small>(2)</small>
*{{GamesSport|Fencing|Events=8|Format=d}}
*{{GamesSport|Field hockey|Events=1|Format=d}}
*{{GamesSport|Football|Events=1|Format=d}}
*{{GamesSport|Gymnastics|Events=14|Format=d}}
*{{GamesSport|Handball|Events=2|Format=d}}
*{{GamesSport|Judo|Events=6|Format=d}}
*{{GamesSport|Modern pentathlon|Events=2|Format=d}}
*{{GamesSport|Rowing|Events=14|Format=d}}
*{{GamesSport|Sailing|Events=6|Format=d}}
*{{GamesSport|Shooting|Events=7|Format=d}}
*{{GamesSport|Volleyball|Events=2|Format=d}}
*{{GamesSport|Weightlifting|Events=9|Format=d}}
*{{GamesSport|Wrestling|Format=d}}
**Freestyle <small>(10)</small>
**Greco-Roman <small>(10)</small>
{{div col end}}

== Participating National Olympic Committees ==
[[File:1976 Summer Olympic games countries.png|thumb|Participating nations]]
[[File:1976 Summer olympics team numbers.gif|thumb|Number of athletes]]
Four nations made their first Summer Olympic appearance in Montreal: [[Andorra]] (which had its overall Olympic debut a few months before in [[1976 Winter Olympics|Innsbruck Winter Olympics]]), [[Antigua and Barbuda]] (as ''Antigua''), [[Cayman Islands]], and [[Papua New Guinea]].

Numbers in parentheses indicate the number of athletes from each nation that competed at the Games.
{| class="wikitable collapsible" style="width:100%;"
|-
! Participating [[:Category:Nations at the 1976 Summer Olympics|National Olympic Committees]]
|-
|
{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
* {{flagIOC|AND|1976 Summer|3}}
* {{flagIOC|ANT|1976 Summer|10}}
* {{flagIOC|ARG|1976 Summer|69}}
* {{flagIOC|AUS|1976 Summer|180}}
* {{flagIOC|AUT|1976 Summer|60}}
* {{flagIOC|BAH|1976 Summer|11}}
* {{flagIOC|BAR|1976 Summer|11}}
* {{flagIOC|BEL|1976 Summer|101}}
* {{flagIOC|BIZ|1976 Summer|4}}
* {{flagIOC|BER|1976 Summer|16}}
* {{flagIOC|BOL|1976 Summer|4}}
* {{flagIOC|BRA|1976 Summer|79}}
* {{flagIOC|BUL|1976 Summer|158}}
* {{flagIOC|CMR|1976 Summer|4}}{{cref|WD}}
* {{flagIOC|CAN|1976 Summer|385}} '''(host)'''
* {{flagIOC|CAY|1976 Summer|2}}
* {{flagIOC|CHI|1976 Summer|7}}
* {{flagIOC|COL|1976 Summer|35}}
* {{flagIOC|CRC|1976 Summer|5}}
* {{flagIOC|CUB|1976 Summer|156}}
* {{flagIOC|TCH|1976 Summer|163}}
* {{flagIOC|DEN|1976 Summer|66}}
* {{flagIOC|DOM|1976 Summer|10}}
* {{flagIOC|ECU|1976 Summer|5}}
* {{flagIOC|EGY|1976 Summer|26}}{{cref|WD}}
* {{flagIOC|FIJ|1976 Summer|2}}
* {{flagIOC|FIN|1976 Summer|83}}
* {{flagIOC|FRA|1976 Summer|206}}
* {{flagIOC|GDR|1976 Summer|267}}
* {{flagIOC|FRG|1976 Summer|290}}
* {{flagIOC|GBR|1976 Summer|242}}
* {{flagIOC|GRE|1976 Summer|36}}
* {{flagIOC|GUA|1976 Summer|28}}
* {{FlagIOC|GUY}}{{cref|Note}}
* {{flagIOC|HAI|1976 Summer|13}}
* {{flagIOC|HON|1976 Summer|3}}
* {{flagIOC|HKG|1976 Summer|25}}
* {{flagIOC|HUN|1976 Summer|178}}
* {{flagIOC|ISL|1976 Summer|13}}
* {{flagIOC|IND|1976 Summer|26}}
* {{flagIOC|INA|1976 Summer|7}}
* {{flagIOC|IRI|1976 Summer|84}}
* {{flagIOC|IRL|1976 Summer|44}}
* {{flagIOC|ISR|1976 Summer|26}}
* {{flagIOC|ITA|1976 Summer|210}}
* {{flagIOC|CIV|1976 Summer|8}}
* {{flagIOC|JAM|1976 Summer|20}}
* {{flagIOC|JPN|1976 Summer|213}}
* {{flagIOC|PRK|1976 Summer|38}}
* {{flagIOC|KOR|1976 Summer|50}}
* {{flagIOC|KUW|1976 Summer|15}}
* {{flagIOC|LIB|1976 Summer|3}}
* {{flagIOC|LIE|1976 Summer|6}}
* {{flagIOC|LUX|1976 Summer|8}}
* {{flagIOC|MAS|1976 Summer|23}}
* {{flagIOC|MEX|1976 Summer|97}}
* {{flagIOC|MLI}}{{cref|Note}}
* {{flagIOC|MON|1976 Summer|8}}
* {{flagIOC|MGL|1976 Summer|32}}
* {{flagIOC|MAR|1976 Summer|9}}{{cref|WD}}
* {{flagIOC|NEP|1976 Summer|1}}
* {{flagIOC|NED|1976 Summer|108}}
* {{flagIOC|AHO|1976 Summer|4}}
* {{flagIOC|NZL|1976 Summer|80}}
* {{FlagIOC|NCA|1976 Summer|15}}
* {{flagIOC|NOR|1976 Summer|66}}
* {{flagIOC|PAK|1976 Summer|24}}
* {{flagIOC|PAN|1976 Summer|8}}
* {{flagIOC|PNG|1976 Summer|6}}
* {{flagIOC|PAR|1976 Summer|4}}
* {{flagIOC|PER|1976 Summer|13}}
* {{flagIOC|PHI|1976 Summer|14}}
* {{flagIOC|POL|1976 Summer|207}}
* {{flagIOC|POR|1976 Summer|19}}
* {{flagIOC|PUR|1976 Summer|80}}
* {{flagIOC|ROU|1976 Summer|157}}
* {{flagIOC|SMR|1976 Summer|10}}
* {{flagIOC|KSA|1976 Summer|14}}
* {{flagIOC|SEN|1976 Summer|21}}
* {{flagIOC|SIN|1976 Summer|4}}
* {{flagIOC|URS|1976 Summer|410}}
* {{flagIOC|ESP|1976 Summer|113}}
* {{flagIOC|SUR|1976 Summer|3}}
* {{flagIOC|SWZ}}{{cref|Note}}
* {{flagIOC|SWE|1976 Summer|116}}
* {{flagIOC|SUI|1976 Summer|50}}
* {{flagIOC|THA|1976 Summer|42}}
* {{flagIOC|TRI|1976 Summer|13}}
* {{flagIOC|TUN|1976 Summer|15}}{{cref|WD}}
* {{flagIOC|TUR|1976 Summer|27}}
* {{flagIOC|USA|1976 Summer|396}}
* {{flagIOC|URU|1976 Summer|9}}
* {{flagIOC|VEN|1976 Summer|32}}
* {{flagIOC|ISV|1976 Summer|21}}
* {{flagIOC|YUG|1976 Summer|88}}
{{div col end}}
{{cnote|WD|Athletes from Cameroon, Egypt, Morocco and Tunisia competed on July 18–20 before these nations withdrew from the Games.}}{{cnote|Note|Athletes from Guyana, Mali and Swaziland also took part in the Opening Ceremony, but later joined the Congolese-led boycott and withdrew from all competitions.}}
|}

=== Number of athletes by National Olympic Committees ===

{| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed sortable" style="border:0;"
|-
! [[List of IOC country codes|IOC Letter Code]]
! Country
! Athletes
|-
|-
| AND || {{flagIOC|AND|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 3
|-
| ANT || {{flagIOC|ANT|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 10
|-
| ARG || {{flagIOC|ARG|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 69
|-
| AUS || {{flagIOC|AUS|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 180
|-
| AUT || {{flagIOC|AUT|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 60
|-
| BAH || {{flagIOC|BAH|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 11
|-
| BAR || {{flagIOC|BAR|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 11
|-
| BEL || {{flagIOC|BEL|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 101
|-
| BIZ || {{flagIOC|BIZ|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 4
|-
| BER || {{flagIOC|BER|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 16
|-
| BOL || {{flagIOC|BOL|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 4
|-
| BRA || {{flagIOC|BRA|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 79
|-
| BUL || {{flagIOC|BUL|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 158
|-
| CMR || {{flagIOC|CMR|1976 Summer}}{{cref|WD}} ||align=center| 4
|-
| CAN || {{flagIOC|CAN|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 385
|-
| CAY || {{flagIOC|CAY|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 2
|-
| CHI || {{flagIOC|CHI|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 7
|-
| COL || {{flagIOC|COL|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 35
|-
| CRC || {{flagIOC|CRC|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 5
|-
| CUB || {{flagIOC|CUB|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 156
|-
| TCH || {{flagIOC|TCH|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 163
|-
| DEN || {{flagIOC|DEN|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 66
|-
| DOM || {{flagIOC|DOM|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 10
|-
| ECU || {{flagIOC|ECU|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 5
|-
| EGY || {{flagIOC|EGY|1976 Summer}}{{cref|WD}} ||align=center| 26
|-
| FIJ || {{flagIOC|FIJ|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 2
|-
| FIN || {{flagIOC|FIN|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 83
|-
| FRA || {{flagIOC|FRA|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 206
|-
| GDR || {{flagIOC|GDR|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 267
|-
| GER || {{flagIOC|FRG|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 290
|-
| GBR || {{flagIOC|GBR|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 242
|-
| GRE || {{flagIOC|GRE|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 36
|-
| GUA || {{flagIOC|GUA|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 28
|-
| HAI || {{flagIOC|HAI|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 13
|-
| HON || {{flagIOC|HON|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 3
|-
| HKG || {{flagIOC|HKG|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 25
|-
| HUN || {{flagIOC|HUN|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 178
|-
| ISL || {{flagIOC|ISL|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 13
|-
| IND || {{flagIOC|IND|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 26
|-
| INA || {{flagIOC|INA|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 7
|-
| IRN || {{flagIOC|IRI|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 84
|-
| IRL || {{flagIOC|IRL|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 44
|-
| ISR || {{flagIOC|ISR|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 26
|-
| ITA || {{flagIOC|ITA|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 210
|-
| CIV || {{flagIOC|CIV|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 8
|-
| JAM || {{flagIOC|JAM|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 20
|-
| JPN || {{flagIOC|JPN|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 213
|-
| PRK || {{flagIOC|PRK|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 38
|-
| KOR || {{flagIOC|KOR|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 50
|-
| KUW || {{flagIOC|KUW|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 15
|-
| LIB || {{flagIOC|LIB|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 3
|-
| LIE || {{flagIOC|LIE|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 6
|-
| LUX || {{flagIOC|LUX|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 8
|-
| MAS || {{flagIOC|MAS|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 23
|-
| MEX || {{flagIOC|MEX|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 97
|-
| MON || {{flagIOC|MON|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 8
|-
| MGL || {{flagIOC|MGL|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 32
|-
| MAR || {{flagIOC|MAR|1976 Summer}}{{cref|WD}} ||align=center| 9
|-
| NEP || {{flagIOC|NEP|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 1
|-
| HOL || {{flagIOC|NED|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 108
|-
| AHO || {{flagIOC|AHO|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 4
|-
| NZL || {{flagIOC|NZL|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 80
|-
| NCA || {{flagIOC|NCA|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 15
|-
| NOR || {{flagIOC|NOR|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 66
|-
| PAK || {{flagIOC|PAK|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 24
|-
| PAN || {{flagIOC|PAN|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 8
|-
| NGY || {{flagIOC|PNG|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 6
|-
| PAR || {{flagIOC|PAR|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 4
|-
| PER || {{flagIOC|PER|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 13
|-
| PHI || {{flagIOC|PHI|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 14
|-
| POL || {{flagIOC|POL|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 207
|-
| POR || {{flagIOC|POR|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 19
|-
| PUR || {{flagIOC|PUR|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 80
|-
| ROU || {{flagIOC|ROU|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 157
|-
| SMR || {{flagIOC|SMR|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 10
|-
| ARS || {{flagIOC|KSA|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 14
|-
| SEN || {{flagIOC|SEN|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 21
|-
| SIN || {{flagIOC|SIN|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 4
|-
| URS || {{flagIOC|URS|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 410
|-
| ESP || {{flagIOC|ESP|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 113
|-
| SUR || {{flagIOC|SUR|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 3
|-
| SWE || {{flagIOC|SWE|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 116
|-
| SUI || {{flagIOC|SUI|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 50
|-
| THA || {{flagIOC|THA|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 42
|-
| TRI || {{flagIOC|TRI|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 13
|-
| TUN || {{flagIOC|TUN|1976 Summer}}{{cref|WD}} ||align=center| 15
|-
| TUR || {{flagIOC|TUR|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 27
|-
| USA || {{flagIOC|USA|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 396
|-
| URU || {{flagIOC|URU|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 9
|-
| VEN || {{flagIOC|VEN|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 32
|-
| ISV || {{flagIOC|ISV|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 21
|-
| YUG || {{flagIOC|YUG|1976 Summer}} ||align=center| 88
|- class="sortbottom"
|colspan=2; style="text-align:right; border:0px; background:#fff;"| '''Total''' ||style="text-align:center; border:0px; background:#fff;"| '''6,073'''
|-
|}

==Calendar==
:''All times are in [[Eastern Daylight Time]] ([[UTC-4]])''
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:0.5em auto; position:relative;"
|-
|bgcolor=#00cc33 align=center|&nbsp;●&nbsp;||Opening ceremony|| bgcolor=#3399ff align=center|&nbsp; &nbsp;||Event competitions || bgcolor=#ffcc00 align=center|&nbsp;●&nbsp;||Event finals || bgcolor=#ee3333|&nbsp;●&nbsp;||Closing ceremony
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="margin:0.5em auto; line-height:1.25em;"
|-
!rowspan=2|Date 
!colspan=15|July
!August
|-
!17th<br />Sat!!18th<br />Sun!!19th<br />Mon!!20th<br />Tue!!21st<br />Wed!!22nd<br />Thu!!23rd<br />Fri!!24th<br />Sat!!25th<br />Sun!!26th<br />Mon!!27th<br />Tue!!28th<br />Wed!!29th<br />Thu!!30th<br />Fri!!31st<br />Sat!!1st<br />Sun
|- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Archery at the 1976 Summer Olympics|Archery]]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Archery at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's individual|●]] [[Archery at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's individual|●]]
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|- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics|Athletics]]
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| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's 20 kilometres walk|●]] [[Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's long jump|●]]
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |<span style="line-height:0.7em;">[[Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|●]]<br />[[Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's shot put|●]] [[Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's javelin throw|●]]</span>
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |<span style="line-height:0.7em;">[[Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's 800 metres|●]] [[Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's 400 metres hurdles|●]]<br />[[Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's discus throw|●]] [[Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|●]]</span>
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |<span style="line-height:0.7em;">[[Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's 200 metres|●]] [[Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's 10,000 metres|●]] [[Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's pole vault|●]]<br />[[Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's javelin throw|●]] [[Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's 800 metres|●]] [[Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's pentathlon|●]]</span>
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| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |<span style="line-height:0.7em;">[[Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's 110 metres hurdles|●]] [[Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's 3000 metres steeplechase|●]]<br />[[Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's hammer throw|●]] [[Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's 200 metres|●]] [[Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's high jump|●]]</span>
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |<span style="line-height:0.7em;">[[Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's 400 metres|●]] [[Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's long jump|●]]<br />[[Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's 400 metres|●]] [[Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres hurdles|●]] [[Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's discus throw|●]]</span>
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |<span style="line-height:0.7em;">[[Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's 5000 metres|●]] [[Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's triple jump|●]]<br />[[Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's decathlon|●]] [[Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's 1500 metres|●]]</span>
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |<span style="line-height:0.7em;">[[Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's 1500 metres|●]] [[Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's marathon|●]] [[Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's 4 × 100 metres relay|●]] [[Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's 4 × 400 metres relay|●]]<br />[[Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's high jump|●]] [[Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's 4 × 100 metres relay|●]] [[Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's 4 × 400 metres relay|●]] [[Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's shot put|●]]</span>
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|- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Basketball at the 1976 Summer Olympics|Basketball]]
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| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Basketball at the 1976 Summer Olympics#Women's Tournament|●]]
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Basketball at the 1976 Summer Olympics#Men's Tournament|●]]
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|- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Boxing at the 1976 Summer Olympics|Boxing]]
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| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
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| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |<span style="line-height:0.7em;">[[Boxing at the 1976 Summer Olympics#Light Flyweight (– 48 kg)|●]] [[Boxing at the 1976 Summer Olympics#Flyweight (– 51 kg)|●]] [[Boxing at the 1976 Summer Olympics#Bantamweight (– 54 kg)|●]]<br />[[Boxing at the 1976 Summer Olympics#Featherweight (– 57 kg)|●]] [[Boxing at the 1976 Summer Olympics#Lightweight (– 60 kg)|●]] [[Boxing at the 1976 Summer Olympics#Light Welterweight (– 63.5 kg)|●]] [[Boxing at the 1976 Summer Olympics#Welterweight (– 67 kg)|●]]<br />[[Boxing at the 1976 Summer Olympics#Light Middleweight (– 71 kg)|●]] [[Boxing at the 1976 Summer Olympics#Middleweight (– 75 kg)|●]] [[Boxing at the 1976 Summer Olympics#Light Heavyweight (– 81 kg)|●]] [[Boxing at the 1976 Summer Olympics#Heavyweight (+ 81 kg)|●]]</span>
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|- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Canoeing at the 1976 Summer Olympics|Canoeing]]
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| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |<span style="line-height:0.7em;">[[Canoeing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's K-1 500 metres|●]] [[Canoeing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's K-2 500 metres|●]] [[Canoeing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's C-1 500 metres|●]]<br />[[Canoeing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's C-2 500 metres|●]] [[Canoeing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's K-1 500 metres|●]] [[Canoeing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's K-2 500 metres|●]]</span>
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |<span style="line-height:0.7em;">[[Canoeing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's K-1 1000 metres|●]] [[Canoeing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's K-2 1000 metres|●]]<br />[[Canoeing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's K-4 1000 metres|●]] [[Canoeing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's C-1 1000 metres|●]] [[Canoeing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's C-2 1000 metres|●]]</span>
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|- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Cycling at the 1976 Summer Olympics|Cycling]]
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| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Cycling at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's team time trial|●]]
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| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Cycling at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's track time trial|●]]
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Cycling at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's individual pursuit|●]]
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Cycling at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's team pursuit|●]] [[Cycling at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's sprint|●]]
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| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Cycling at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's individual road race|●]]
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|- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Diving at the 1976 Summer Olympics|Diving]]
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| bgcolor=#3399ff | 
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Diving at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's 3 metre springboard|●]]
| bgcolor=#3399ff | 
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Diving at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's 3 metre springboard|●]]
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| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Diving at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's 10 metre platform|●]]
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Diving at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's 10 metre platform|●]]
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|- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Equestrian at the 1976 Summer Olympics|Equestrian]]
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| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Equestrian at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Individual eventing|●]] [[Equestrian at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Team eventing|●]]
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| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Equestrian at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Individual jumping|●]]
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| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Equestrian at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Team dressage|●]]
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Equestrian at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Individual dressage|●]]
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| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Equestrian at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Team jumping|●]]
|- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Fencing at the 1976 Summer Olympics|Fencing]]
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| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Fencing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's foil|●]]
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Fencing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's sabre|●]]
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Fencing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's épée|●]]
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Fencing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's foil|●]]
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Fencing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's team foil|●]]
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Fencing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's team sabre|●]]
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Fencing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's team foil|●]]
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Fencing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's team épée|●]]
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|- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Field hockey at the 1976 Summer Olympics|Field hockey]]
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| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
|
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Field hockey at the 1976 Summer Olympics|●]]
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|- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Football at the 1976 Summer Olympics|Football]]
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| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
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| bgcolor=#3399ff |
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| bgcolor=#3399ff |
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| bgcolor=#3399ff |
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| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Football at the 1976 Summer Olympics|●]]
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|- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Gymnastics at the 1976 Summer Olympics|Gymnastics]]
|
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Gymnastics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's artistic team all-around|●]]
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Gymnastics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's artistic team all-around|●]]
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Gymnastics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's artistic individual all-around|●]] [[Gymnastics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's artistic individual all-around|●]]
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |<span style="line-height:0.7em;">[[Gymnastics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's floor|●]] [[Gymnastics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's vault|●]]<br />[[Gymnastics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's uneven bars|●]] [[Gymnastics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's balance beam|●]]</span>
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |<span style="line-height:0.7em;">[[Gymnastics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's floor|●]] [[Gymnastics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's vault|●]] [[Gymnastics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's parallel bars|●]]<br />[[Gymnastics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's horizontal bar|●]] [[Gymnastics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's rings|●]] [[Gymnastics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's pommel horse|●]]</span>
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|- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Handball at the 1976 Summer Olympics|Handball]]
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| bgcolor=#3399ff |
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| bgcolor=#3399ff |
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| bgcolor=#3399ff |
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| bgcolor=#3399ff |
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| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Handball at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament|●]] [[Handball at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament|●]]
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|- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Judo at the 1976 Summer Olympics|Judo]]
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| 
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Judo at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's +93 kg|●]]
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Judo at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's 93 kg|●]]
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Judo at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's 80 kg|●]]
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Judo at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's 70 kg|●]]
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Judo at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's 63 kg|●]]
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Judo at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's open category|●]]
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|- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Modern pentathlon at the 1976 Summer Olympics|Modern pentathlon]]
|
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Modern pentathlon at the 1976 Summer Olympics#Individual competition|●]] [[Modern pentathlon at the 1976 Summer Olympics#Team competition|●]]
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|- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Rowing at the 1976 Summer Olympics|Rowing]]
|
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
|
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |<span style="line-height:0.7em;">[[Rowing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's single sculls|●]] [[Rowing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's double sculls|●]] [[Rowing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's quadruple sculls|●]]<br />[[Rowing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's coxless pair|●]] [[Rowing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's coxed four|●]] [[Rowing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's eight|●]]</span>
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |<span style="line-height:0.7em;">[[Rowing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's single sculls|●]] [[Rowing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's double sculls|●]] [[Rowing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's coxless pair|●]] [[Rowing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's coxed pair|●]]<br />[[Rowing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's quadruple sculls|●]] [[Rowing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's coxless four|●]] [[Rowing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's coxed four|●]] [[Rowing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's eight|●]]</span>
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|- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Sailing at the 1976 Summer Olympics|Sailing]]
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|
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
|
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |<span style="line-height:0.7em;">[[Sailing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – 470|●]] [[Sailing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Finn|●]]<br />[[Sailing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Flying Dutchman|●]] [[Sailing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Soling|●]] [[Sailing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Tempest|●]]</span> 
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Sailing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Tornado|●]]
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|- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Shooting at the 1976 Summer Olympics|Shooting]]
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| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Shooting at the 1976 Summer Olympics – 50 metre free pistol|●]]
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Shooting at the 1976 Summer Olympics – 50 metre rifle prone|●]]
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Shooting at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Trap|●]]
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Shooting at the 1976 Summer Olympics – 50 metre rifle three positions|●]]
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Shooting at the 1976 Summer Olympics – 25 metre rapid fire pistol|●]] [[Shooting at the 1976 Summer Olympics – 50 metre running target|●]]
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Shooting at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Skeet|●]]
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|- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Swimming at the 1976 Summer Olympics|Swimming]]
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| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Swimming at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's 200 metre butterfly|●]] [[Swimming at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's 4 × 100 metre medley relay|●]]
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |<span style="line-height:0.7em;">[[Swimming at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's 200 metre freestyle|●]] [[Swimming at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metre backstroke|●]]<br />[[Swimming at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metre freestyle|●]] [[Swimming at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's 200 metre butterfly|●]]</span> 
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |<span style="line-height:0.7em;">[[Swimming at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's 1500 metre freestyle|●]]<br />[[Swimming at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metre breaststroke|●]] [[Swimming at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's 400 metre freestyle|●]]</span>
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |<span style="line-height:0.7em;">[[Swimming at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metre butterfly|●]] [[Swimming at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metre backstroke|●]]<br />[[Swimming at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's 4 x 200 metre freestyle relay|●]] [[Swimming at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's 200 metre breaststroke|●]]</span>
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |<span style="line-height:0.7em;">[[Swimming at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's 400 metre freestyle|●]] [[Swimming at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's 4 x 100 metre medley relay|●]]<br />[[Swimming at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's 200 metre freestyle|●]] [[Swimming at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metre butterfly|●]]</span>
|
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |<span style="line-height:0.7em;">[[Swimming at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's 200 metre backstroke|●]] [[Swimming at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's 200 metre breaststroke|●]]<br />[[Swimming at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metre breaststroke|●]] [[Swimming at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's 400 metre individual medley|●]]</span>
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |<span style="line-height:0.7em;">[[Swimming at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metre freestyle|●]] [[Swimming at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's 400 metre individual medley|●]]<br />[[Swimming at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's 800 metre freestyle|●]] [[Swimming at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's 200 metre backstroke|●]] [[Swimming at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay|●]]</span> 
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|- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Volleyball at the 1976 Summer Olympics|Volleyball]]
|
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| 
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Volleyball at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament|●]] [[Volleyball at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament|●]]
|
|
|- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Water polo at the 1976 Summer Olympics|Water polo]]
|
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
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| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
|
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Water polo at the 1976 Summer Olympics|●]]
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|- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Weightlifting at the 1976 Summer Olympics|Weightlifting]]
|
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Weightlifting at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's 52 kg|●]]
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Weightlifting at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's 56 kg|●]]
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Weightlifting at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's 60 kg|●]]
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Weightlifting at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's 67.5 kg|●]]
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Weightlifting at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's 75 kg|●]]
| 
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Weightlifting at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's 82.5 kg|●]]
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Weightlifting at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's 90 kg|●]]
|
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Weightlifting at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's 110 kg|●]]
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |[[Weightlifting at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's +110 kg|●]]
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|- align="center"
| align="left" | [[Wrestling at the 1976 Summer Olympics|Wrestling]]
|
|
|
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |<span style="line-height:0.7em;">[[Wrestling at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's Greco-Roman 48 kg|●]] [[Wrestling at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's Greco-Roman 52 kg|●]]<br />[[Wrestling at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's Greco-Roman 57 kg|●]] [[Wrestling at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's Greco-Roman 62 kg|●]] [[Wrestling at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's Greco-Roman 68 kg|●]] [[Wrestling at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's Greco-Roman 74 kg|●]]<br />[[Wrestling at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's Greco-Roman 82 kg|●]] [[Wrestling at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's Greco-Roman 90 kg|●]] [[Wrestling at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's Greco-Roman 100 kg|●]] [[Wrestling at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's Greco-Roman +100 kg|●]]</span>
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| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#3399ff |
| bgcolor=#ffcc00 |<span style="line-height:0.7em;">[[Wrestling at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's freestyle 48 kg|●]] [[Wrestling at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's freestyle 52 kg|●]]<br />[[Wrestling at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's freestyle 57 kg|●]] [[Wrestling at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's freestyle 62 kg|●]] [[Wrestling at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's freestyle 68 kg|●]] [[Wrestling at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's freestyle 74 kg|●]]<br />[[Wrestling at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's freestyle 82 kg|●]] [[Wrestling at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's freestyle 90 kg|●]] [[Wrestling at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's freestyle 100 kg|●]] [[Wrestling at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's freestyle +100 kg|●]]</span>
|
|-
! Total gold medals !! !! 4 !! 7 !! 8 !! 9 !! 14 !! 11 !! 26 !! 21 !! 10 !! 12 !! 11 !! 8 !! 17 !! 36 !! 1
|-
| Ceremonies ||bgcolor=#00cc33 align=center|[[1976 Summer Olympics Opening Ceremony|●]]|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||bgcolor=#ee3333 align=center|[[1976 Summer Olympics closing ceremony|●]]
|-
!rowspan=2|Date
!17th<br />Sat!!18th<br />Sun!!19th<br />Mon!!20th<br />Tue!!21st<br />Wed!!22nd<br />Thu!!23rd<br />Fri!!24th<br />Sat!!25th<br />Sun!!26th<br />Mon!!27th<br />Tue!!28th<br />Wed!!29th<br />Thu!!30th<br />Fri!!31st<br />Sat!!1st<br />Sun
|-
!colspan=15|July
!August
|}

==Medal count==
These are the top ten nations that won medals at the 1976 Games. Canada placed 27th with only 11 medals in total, none of them being gold. Canada remains the only host nation of a Summer Olympics to fail to win at least one gold medal. It also did not win any gold medals at the [[1988 Winter Olympics]] in [[Calgary]]. However, Canada went on to win the most gold medals at the [[2010 Winter Olympics]] in [[Vancouver]].

The Games were dominated by the [[Eastern Bloc|Soviet Bloc]], with the [[Soviet Union|USSR]] and its [[Satellite state|satellites]] occupying seven out of top ten places in the medal standings.

{{Further|1976 Summer Olympics medal table}}

{{Medals table
 | caption        = 
 | show_limit     = 
 | remaining_text = 
 | flag_template  = FlagIOC
 | event          = 1976 Summer
 | team           = 
 | gold_URS = 49 | silver_URS = 41 | bronze_URS = 35
 | gold_GDR = 40 | silver_GDR = 25 | bronze_GDR = 25
 | gold_USA = 34 | silver_USA = 35 | bronze_USA = 25
 | gold_FRG = 10 | silver_FRG = 12 | bronze_FRG = 17
 | gold_JPN = 9 | silver_JPN = 6 | bronze_JPN = 10
 | gold_POL = 7 | silver_POL = 6 | bronze_POL = 13
 | gold_BUL = 6 | silver_BUL = 9 | bronze_BUL = 7
 | gold_CUB = 6 | silver_CUB = 4 | bronze_CUB = 3
 | gold_ROU = 4 | silver_ROU = 9 | bronze_ROU = 14
 | gold_HUN = 4 | silver_HUN = 5 | bronze_HUN = 13
 
}}

== {{anchor|Boycott}}Non-participating National Olympic Committees ==
Twenty-nine countries boycotted the Games<ref name="olympics.com">{{cite news|url=https://olympics.com/ioc/news/diplomatic-controversies |title=Diplomatic Controversies |publisher=[[International Olympic Committee]] |website=olympics.com |date=18 April 2024 |access-date=13 September 2024}}</ref><ref name="or">{{cite web|date=November–December 1976|title=Africa and the XXIst Olympiad|url=https://digital.la84.org/digital/collection/p17103coll1/id/29644/rec/7 |work=Olympic Review|publisher=[[International Olympic Committee]]|format=PDF |access-date=13 September 2024}}</ref> due to the refusal of the IOC to ban New Zealand, after the [[New Zealand national rugby union team]] had [[1976 New Zealand rugby union tour of South Africa|toured South Africa earlier in 1976]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nzhistory.net.nz/media/photo/montreal-olympics-boycott |title=The Montreal Olympics boycott {{pipe}} NZHistory.net.nz, New Zealand history online |publisher=Nzhistory.net.nz |access-date=October 21, 2008| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081016030346/http://www.nzhistory.net.nz/media/photo/montreal-olympics-boycott| archive-date=October 16, 2008| url-status=live}}</ref> The boycott was led by Congolese official [[Jean-Claude Ganga]]. Some of the boycotting nations (including Morocco, Cameroon and Egypt) had already participated, however, and withdrew after the first few days. [[Senegal]] and [[Ivory Coast]] were the only African countries that competed throughout the duration of the Games. Elsewhere, Afghanistan, Albania, Burma, Iraq, Guyana, Sri Lanka and Syria also opted to join the Congolese-led boycott. South Africa had been banned from the Olympics since 1964 due to its [[apartheid]] policies. Other countries, such as El Salvador and Zaire, did not participate in Montreal for purely economic reasons.<ref name="or"/>

[[File:1976 Olympic Games boycott.svg|thumb|upright=1.7|Countries boycotting the 1976 Games are shaded blue]]

===Republic of China boycott===
An unrelated boycott of the Montreal Games was the main issue between the Republic of China (ROC) and the People's Republic of China (PRC). The ROC team withdrew from the games when Canada's [[Liberal Party of Canada|Liberal]] government under [[Pierre Trudeau]] told it that the name "Republic of China" was not permissible at the Games because Canada had officially recognized the PRC in 1970.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Chan|first1=Gerald|date=Autumn 1985|title=The "Two-Chinas" Problem and the Olympic Formula|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2759241|journal=Pacific Affairs|volume=58|issue=3|pages=473–490|doi=10.2307/2759241|jstor=2759241|access-date=20 June 2022}}</ref> Canada attempted a compromise by allowing the ROC the continued use of its national flag and anthem in the Montreal Olympic activities; the ROC refused. In 1979 the IOC established in the [[Nagoya Resolution]] that the PRC agreed to participate in IOC activities if the Republic of China was referred to as "[[Chinese Taipei]]". [[1980 Summer Olympics|Another boycott]] would occur before the ROC would accept the provisions of the 1979 resolution. 
{| class="wikitable collapsible" style="width:100%;"
|-
! Non-participating National Olympic Committees
|-
|
{{div col|colwidth=15em}}
* {{flagdeco|Afghanistan|1974}} [[Republic of Afghanistan (1973–1978)|Afghanistan]]
* {{flagdeco|Albania|1946}} [[People's Socialist Republic of Albania|Albania]]
* {{flag|Algeria}}
* {{flagdeco|Benin|1975}} [[People's Republic of Benin|Benin]]
* {{flagdeco|Burma|1974}} [[Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma|Burma]]
* {{flag|Cameroon}}
* {{flag|Central African Republic}}
* {{flag|Chad}}
* {{flagdeco|Congo|1970}} [[People's Republic of the Congo|Congo]]
* {{flag|Egypt|1972}}
* {{flag|El Salvador}}
* {{flagdeco|Ethiopia|1975}} [[Derg|Ethiopia]]
* {{flag|Gabon}}
* {{flag|Gambia}}
* {{flag|Ghana}}
* {{flag|Guyana}}
* {{flagdeco|Iraq|1963}} [[Ba'athist Iraq|Iraq]]
* {{flag|Kenya}}
* {{flag|Lesotho|1966}}
* {{flagdeco|Libya|1972}} [[Libyan Arab Republic|Libya]]
* {{flagdeco|Madagascar}} [[Democratic Republic of Madagascar|Madagascar]]
* {{flag|Malawi|1964}}
* {{flag|Mali}}
* {{flag|Morocco}}
* {{flag|Niger}}
* {{flag|Nigeria}}
* {{flag|Republic of China}}
* {{flagdeco|Somalia}} [[Somali Democratic Republic|Somalia]]
* {{flag|Sri Lanka}}
* {{flagdeco|Sudan}} [[Democratic Republic of the Sudan|Sudan]]
* {{flag|Swaziland}}
* {{flagcountry|Ba'athist Syria|1972}}
* {{flag|Tanzania}}
* {{flag|Togo}}
* {{flag|Tunisia|1959}}
* {{flag|Uganda}}
* {{flag|Upper Volta}}
* {{flag|Zaire}}
* {{flag|Zambia|1964}}
{{div col end}}
|}

==Doping==
Researchers from Germany in 2013 reported that [[West Germany]] had a state-sponsored doping program, and speculated it was in response to [[doping in East Germany]] which had existed for decades.<ref>{{cite news |title=Report: West Germany systematically doped athletes |url=https://eu.usatoday.com/story/sports/olympics/2013/08/03/report-west-germany-systematically-doped-athletes-olympics/2615323/ |work=USA Today |agency=[[The Associated Press]] |date=3 August 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Report exposes decades of West German doping |url=https://www.france24.com/en/20130805-doping-rife-among-west-german-athletes-decades-says-report |work=France 24 |date=5 August 2013}}</ref>

==Television coverage==
[[ESPN on ABC|ABC Sports]] paid [[United States dollar|US$]]25-million for television broadcast rights in the United States, and produced 76.5 hours of coverage.<ref name="Smith-2001">{{cite news|title=CBC air apparent to big ABC|last=Smith|first=Beverley|date=June 28, 2001|work=[[The Globe and Mail]]|location=Toronto, Ontario|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/sports/cbc-air-apparent-to-big-abc/article25442357/|access-date=May 19, 2022}}</ref>

[[CBC Sports]] budgeted less than [[Canadian dollar|CAD$]]2-million and produced 169 hours of coverage, compared to 14 hours of programming at the [[1972 Summer Olympics]]. The network expanded its coverage in 1976, when convinced there would be increased media interest from Canadians. When the network was criticized for spending taxpayer dollars, executive producer [[Bob Moir]] toured the country to explain the project and boasted that, "the biggest team in Montreal will be the CBC team... It will be bigger than the Canadian Olympic team".<ref name="Smith-2001" /> CBC Sports had 245 people on its crew, and aired from 9&nbsp;am until 11&nbsp;pm daily, taking breaks only for newscasts. [[Ted Reynolds (broadcaster)|Ted Reynolds]] and [[Lloyd Robertson]] co-hosted coverage of the opening ceremonies. In 1976, CBC Sports began its practice of talking live with athletes immediately after events, and built a studio for the interviews.<ref name="Smith-2001" /> CBC broadcasters were given information kits on the athletes, prepared by [[Jack Sullivan (journalist)|Jack Sullivan]], the former sports editor of [[The Canadian Press]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Hall announces inductees|date=May 5, 1983|newspaper=[[Regina Leader-Post|The Leader-Post]]|location=Regina, Saskatchewan|page=32|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/93861012/sullivan-1983/}}</ref>

==Legacy==
The legacy of the Montreal Olympics is complex. Many citizens regard the Olympiad as a financial disaster for the city as it faced debts for 30 years after the Games had finished. The retractable roof of the Olympic Stadium never properly worked and on several occasions has torn, prompting the stadium to be closed for extended periods of time for repairs. The failure of the [[Montreal Expos]] baseball club is largely blamed on the failure of the Olympic Stadium to transition into an effective and popular venue for the club – given the massive capacity of the stadium, it often looked unimpressive even with regular crowds in excess of 20,000 spectators.

The Quebec provincial government took over construction when it became evident in 1975 that work had fallen far behind schedule. Work was still ongoing just weeks before the opening date, and the tower was not built. Mayor [[Jean Drapeau]] had confidently predicted in 1970 that "the Olympics can no more have a deficit than a man can have a baby", but the debt racked up to a billion dollars that the Quebec government mandated the city pay in full. This would prompt cartoonist [[Terry Mosher|Aislin]] to draw a pregnant Drapeau on the telephone saying, "Allo, [[Henry Morgentaler|Morgentaler]]?" in reference to a Montreal abortion provider.<ref>[https://montrealgazette.com/sports/aislin-looks-back-at-the-1976-summer-olympics Aislin looks back at the 1976 Summer Olympics], ''[[Montreal Gazette]]'', July 29, 2016</ref>
[[File:OlympicStadium.jpg|thumb|upright=1.35|Olympic Stadium, seen next to the [[Montreal Botanical Garden]].]]
[[Olympic Stadium (Montreal)|The Olympic Stadium]] was designed by French architect [[Roger Taillibert]]. It is often nicknamed "The Big O" as a reference to both its name and to the doughnut-shape of the permanent component of the stadium's roof, though "The Big Owe" has been used to reference the astronomical cost of the stadium and the 1976 Olympics as a whole. It has never had an effective retractable roof, and the tower (called the Montreal Tower) was completed only eleven years after the Olympic Games, in 1987. In December 2006 the stadium's costs were finally paid in full.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/quebec-s-big-owe-stadium-debt-is-over-1.602530 |title=Quebec's Big Owe stadium debt is over |publisher=[[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation]]  |author=CBC News |date= December 19, 2006|access-date=October 21, 2008}}</ref> The total expenditure (including repairs, renovations, construction, [[interest]], and inflation) amounted to C$1.61&nbsp;billion. Today the stadium lacks a permanent tenant, as the [[Montreal Alouettes]] and [[Montreal Expos]] have moved, though it does host some individual games of the Alouettes as well as [[CF Montréal]] (formerly the Montreal Impact).

One of the streets surrounding the Olympic Stadium was renamed to honour [[Pierre de Coubertin]], the founder of the Olympics.

The boycott by African nations over the inclusion of New Zealand, whose rugby team had played in South Africa that year, was a contributing factor in the massive protests and civil disobedience that occurred during the [[1981 Springbok Tour]] of New Zealand. Official sporting contacts between South Africa and New Zealand did not occur again until after the fall of [[apartheid]].

Australia's failure to win a gold medal led the country to create the [[Australian Institute of Sport]].<ref>{{cite book|title=A Thoroughly Unhelpful History of Australian Sport|author=Titus O'Reily|date=20 August 2018|publisher=Penguin Books|isbn=9780143793519|pages=34–36}}</ref>

In 2016, the 40th anniversary celebrations were held. In conjunction with the celebrations, the 2016 [[Quebec Games]] were held.<ref name="Global-2016-07-12">{{cite news |url=http://globalnews.ca/news/2820732/nadia-comaneci-to-watch-jeux-du-quebec-and-attend-montreal-olympics-anniversary/ |title=Nadia Comaneci to watch Jeux du Québec and attend Montreal Olympics anniversary |author=Matthew Grillo |work=Global News  |publisher=Global.ca |date=July 12, 2016}}</ref>

The games were the subject of ''[[Games of the XXI Olympiad (film)|Games of the XXI Olympiad]] (Jeux de la XXIe olympiade)'', a 1977 documentary film by [[Jean Beaudin]], [[Marcel Carrière]], [[Georges Dufaux]] and [[Jean-Claude Labrecque]].<ref name=malina>Martin Malina, [https://www.newspapers.com/clip/106902509/ "Olympic film premieres here"]. ''[[Montreal Star]]'', April 22, 1977.</ref>

The 1976 games were also an inspiration for Australian band [[Black Cab (band)|Black Cab]]'s double album of 2014 entitled ''[[Games of the XXI Olympiad (album)|Games of the XXI Olympiad]]''.<ref>{{cite news  | last =Mathieson | first = Craig | title =Hail the Black Cab | newspaper = The Age | location = Melbourne | pages = 12 | date = 21 November 2014 | url = http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/black-cab-new-album-games-of-the-xxi-olympiad-reclaims-the-beat-20141118-11ox6q.html | access-date = 21 November 2014}}</ref>

==See also==
{{Portal|Canada|Sports}}
{{IOC seealso|games=1976 Summer Olympics}}
*[[Use of performance-enhancing drugs in the Olympic Games#1976 Montreal|Use of performance-enhancing drugs in the Olympic Games — 1976 Montreal]]
*[[Corridart]]

==Further reading==
* Paul Charles Howell. ''The Montreal Olympics: An Insider's View of Organizing a Self-Financing Games'' (2009)
* National Film Board of Canada, ''[https://www.nfb.ca/film/games_of_the_xxi_olympiad/ Games of the XXI Olympiad]'' (118 minute film), [[Jacques Bobet]], producer (may not be available outside Canada).

==Explanatory notes==
{{Notelist}}

==Citations==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==References==
*{{cite book | first1=Daniel | last1=Proulx | last2=Mollitt | first2=J. James | editor1-last=Chantigny | editor1-first=Louis | ref= {{sfnRef|Official Report of the Organising Committee|1978}} |title=The Official Report of the Organising Committee for the Games of the XXI Olympiad |type=PDF | publisher=Organizing Committee of the Games of the XXI Olympiad | location=[[Ottawa]], Ontario, Canada | date=1969}}
:*[https://web.archive.org/web/20160912024947/http://library.la84.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1976/1976v1p1.pdf Volume 1 Part 1] (up to page 279)
:*[https://web.archive.org/web/20160912024855/http://library.la84.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1976/1976v1p2.pdf Volume 1 Part 1] (from page 280)
:*[https://web.archive.org/web/20140202233153/http://library.la84.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1976/1976v2.pdf Volume 2]
:*[https://web.archive.org/web/20140101104615/http://library.la84.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1976/1976v3.pdf Volume 3]

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
*{{IOC games|games=1976 Summer Olympics }}
*[http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/july/17/newsid_3555000/3555450.stm 1976: African countries boycott Olympics]
*[http://www.montrealolympics.com Official site by senior members of the Montreal Games Organizing Committee]
*{{cite news|url=https://montrealgazette.com/news/local-news/nfb-gives-viewers-a-look-into-the-1976-summer-olympics-in-montreal|title=NFB gives viewers a look into the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal|date=July 12, 2016|work=[[Montreal Gazette]]|access-date=July 13, 2016}}

'''Video Clips'''
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mSQCI1CwJZY Montreal 1976 Olympic Games – Olympic Flame & Opening Ceremony]– [[International Olympic Committee|The Olympic Channel]]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UP1lVTqOcmQ Montreal 1976 Official Olympic Film – Part 2 | Olympic History]– [[International Olympic Committee|The Olympic Channel]]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c_m3f3b7zvk Montreal 1976 Official Olympic Film – Part 3 | Olympic History]– [[International Olympic Committee|The Olympic Channel]]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8_zrPBYEbeI Montreal 1976 Official Olympic Film – Part 4 | Olympic History]– [[International Olympic Committee|The Olympic Channel]]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gL4CDvCqvrE Montreal 1976 Official Olympic Film – Part 5 | Olympic History]– [[International Olympic Committee|The Olympic Channel]]

{{S-start}}
{{s-sports|soly}}
{{s-bef|before=[[1972 Summer Olympics|Munich]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=XXI Olympiad<br />[[Montreal]]|years=1976}}
{{s-aft|after=[[1980 Summer Olympics|Moscow]]}}
{{S-end}}

{{Olympic Games}}
{{Nations at the 1976 Summer Olympics}}
{{Events at the 1976 Summer Olympics}}
{{1976 Summer Olympic venues}}
{{Montreal History}}
{{Sports in Canada}}
{{Sports Emmy Award for Outstanding Live Sports Special}}

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[[Category:1976 Summer Olympics| ]]
[[Category:1976 in multi-sport events|Olympic Games]]
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[[Category:History of Canada (1960–1981)]]
[[Category:Olympic Games in Canada]]
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[[Category:1976 in Canadian sports|Olympic Games]]
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[[Category:1976 in sports in Quebec|Summer Olympics]]
[[Category:International sports boycotts]]
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