Editing 197

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Year '''197''' ('''[[Roman numerals|CXCVII]]''') was a [[common year starting on Saturday]] of the [[Julian calendar]]. At the time, it was known as the '''Year of the Consulship of Magius and Rufinus''' (or, less frequently, '''year 950 ''[[Ab urbe condita]]'''''). The denomination 197 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the [[Anno Domini]] [[calendar era]] became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

== Events ==
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=== By place ===

==== Roman Empire ====
* [[February 19]] &ndash; [[Battle of Lugdunum]]: [[Emperor]] [[Septimius Severus]] defeats the self-proclaimed emperor [[Clodius Albinus]] at [[Lugdunum]] (modern [[Lyon]]). Albinus commits [[suicide]]; [[Roman legionary|legionaries]] sack the town.
* Septimius Severus returns to [[Ancient Rome|Rome]] and has about 30 of Albinus's supporters in the [[Roman Senate|Senate]] executed. After his victory he declares himself the adopted son of the late [[Marcus Aurelius]].
* Septimius Severus forms new [[Roman navy|naval]] units, manning all the [[trireme]]s in [[Italy]] with heavily armed troops for war in the East. His soldiers embark on an artificial [[canal]] between the [[Tigris]] and [[Euphrates]].
* [[Legio I Parthica|Legio I]], [[Legio II Parthica|II]], and [[Legio III Parthica|III ''Parthica'']] are levied by Septimius Severus for his [[Parthia]]n campaign.
* The [[Roman army]] marches east to repel a Parthian invasion of [[Mesopotamia]]; they loot the royal palace at [[Ctesiphon]] and capture an enormous number of its inhabitants as [[slavery|slaves]].
* Septimius Severus reconstitutes the Province of [[Mesopotamia]] under an equestrian [[governor]] commanding two [[Roman legion|legions]].
* Septimius Severus, who had spared the Senate at the beginning of his reign, now excludes it from controlling the [[Roman Empire]] by declaring a military [[dictatorship]].

==== Asia ====
* [[War between Cao Cao and Zhang Xiu|Battle of Wancheng]]: [[Zhang Xiu (warlord)|Zhang Xiu]] launches a surprise attack at [[Cao Cao]].
* [[Yuan Shu]] declares himself emperor of the short-lived Zhong dynasty.
* [[Sansang of Goguryeo|Sansang]] becomes ruler of the Korean kingdom of [[Goguryeo]].<ref>{{cite web |title=List of Rulers of Korea |url=https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/koru/hd_koru.htm |website=www.metmuseum.org |access-date=18 April 2019}}</ref>

=== By topic ===

==== Art and Science ====
* [[Galen|Galen's]] major work on medicines, ''Pharmacologia'', is published.

==== Religion ====
* A [[Christianity|Christian]] council is held in [[Edessa, Mesopotamia|Edessa]].
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== Births ==
* [[Empress Cao (Han dynasty)|Cao]], Chinese empress of the [[Han dynasty|Han Dynasty]] (d. [[260]])
* [[Deng Ai]], Chinese general of the [[Cao Wei]] state (d. [[264]])

== Deaths ==
* [[February 19]] &ndash; [[Clodius Albinus]], Roman general and [[usurper]] 
* [[Cao Ang]] (or '''Zixiu'''), eldest son of [[Cao Cao]] (b. [[177]])
* [[Dian Wei]], Chinese general serving under Cao Cao
* [[Gaius Julius Erucius Clarus Vibianus]], Roman politician
* [[Gogukcheon of Goguryeo]], Korean ruler of [[Goguryeo]]
* [[Guo Si]] (or '''Guo Duo'''), Chinese general and [[regent]] 
* [[Li Jue (Han dynasty)|Li Jue]], Chinese general serving under [[Dong Zhuo]]
* [[Liu Chong (Prince Min of Chen)|Liu Chong]], Chinese nobleman and Prince of [[Chen Commandery|Chen]]
* [[Titus Flavius Claudius Sulpicianus]], Roman statesman
* [[Yang Feng]], Chinese general serving under Li Jue

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

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[[Category:197| ]]