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1924 United States presidential election
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{{Short description|none}} {{for|related races|1924 United States elections}} {{more footnotes needed|date=January 2021}} {{use mdy dates|date=November 2013}} {{Infobox election | election_name = 1924 United States presidential election | country = United States | flag_year = 1912 | type = presidential | ongoing = no | previous_election = 1920 United States presidential election | previous_year = 1920 | election_date = November 4, 1924 | next_election = 1928 United States presidential election | next_year = 1928 | votes_for_election = 531 members of the [[Electoral College (United States)|Electoral College]] | needed_votes = 266 electoral | turnout = 48.9%<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.electproject.org/national-1789-present|title=National General Election VEP Turnout Rates, 1789-Present|work=United States Election Project|publisher=[[CQ Press]]}}</ref> {{decrease}} 0.3 [[percentage point|pp]] | image1 = File:Calvin Coolidge cph.3g10777 crop.jpg | nominee1 = '''[[Calvin Coolidge]]''' | party1 = Republican Party (United States) | home_state1 = [[Massachusetts]] | running_mate1 = '''[[Charles G. Dawes]]'''{{efn|[[Frank O. Lowden]] had originally been nominated as Coolidge's running mate; however, Lowden declined the nomination and Dawes was chosen instead.}} | electoral_vote1 = '''382''' | states_carried1 = '''35''' | popular_vote1 = '''15,723,789''' | percentage1 = '''54.0%''' | image2 = Image:John William Davis.jpg | nominee2 = [[John W. Davis]] | party2 = Democratic Party (United States) | home_state2 = [[West Virginia]] | running_mate2 = [[Charles W. Bryan]] | electoral_vote2 = 136 | states_carried2 = 12 | popular_vote2 = 8,386,242 | percentage2 = 28.8% | image3 = Image:Robert La Follette Sr crop.jpg | nominee3 = [[Robert M. La Follette]] | color3 = 5fd170 | party3 = [[Progressive Party (United States, 1924–1934)|Progressive]] | alliance3 = {{collapsible list | titlestyle = font-weight:normal;background:transparent;text-align:left; | title = ''Parties'' | [[Socialist Party of America|Socialist]] | [[Farmer–Labor Party|Farmer–Labor]] | [[Nonpartisan League]] }} | home_state3 = [[Wisconsin]] | running_mate3 = [[Burton K. Wheeler]] | electoral_vote3 = 13 | states_carried3 = 1 | popular_vote3 = 4,831,706 | percentage3 = 16.6% | map_size = 350px | map = {{1924 United States presidential election imagemap}} | map_caption = Presidential election results map. <span style="color:red;">Red</span> denotes states won by Coolidge/Dawes, <span style="color:blue;">blue</span> denotes those won by Davis/Bryan, <span style="color:lightgreen;">light green</span> denotes Wisconsin, the state won by La Follette/Wheeler. Numbers indicate the number of electoral votes allotted to each state. | title = President | before_election = [[Calvin Coolidge]] | before_party = Republican Party (United States) | after_election = [[Calvin Coolidge]] | after_party = Republican Party (United States) | image_size = x150px }} [[United States presidential election|Presidential elections]] were held in the [[United States]] on November 4, 1924. Incumbent [[History of the Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] President [[Calvin Coolidge]] won election to a full term. Coolidge was the second vice president, after [[Theodore Roosevelt]], to ascend to the presidency and then win a full term. Coolidge had been [[Vice President of the United States|vice president]] under [[Warren G. Harding]] and became president in 1923 upon Harding's unexpected death. Coolidge was given credit for a booming economy at home and no visible crises abroad, and he faced little opposition at the [[1924 Republican National Convention]]. The [[History of the Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]] nominated former Congressman and ambassador to the United Kingdom [[John W. Davis]] of [[West Virginia]]. Davis, a compromise candidate, triumphed on the 103rd ballot of the [[1924 Democratic National Convention]] after a deadlock between supporters of [[William Gibbs McAdoo]] and [[Al Smith]]. Dissatisfied by the [[conservatism in the United States|conservatism]] of both major party candidates, the newly formed [[Progressive Party (United States, 1924–1934)|Progressive Party]] nominated Senator [[Robert M. La Follette|Robert La Follette]] of [[Wisconsin]]. The election has been characterized as marking the "high tide of American conservatism", as both major-party candidates campaigned for limited government, reduced taxes, and less regulation.<ref>Garland S. Tucker III, ''The High Tide of American Conservatism: Davis, Coolidge and the 1924 Election'' (Emerald, 2010)</ref> By contrast, La Follette called for the gradual nationalization of the railroads and increased taxes on the wealthy, policies that foreshadowed the [[New Deal]]. Coolidge won a [[landslide victory]], taking majorities in both the popular vote and the [[Electoral College (United States)|Electoral College]] and winning almost every state outside of the [[Solid South]] (while still making headway by winning Kentucky). La Follette won 16.6% of the popular vote, a [[List of third party performances in United States presidential elections|strong showing]] for a [[Third party (U.S. politics)|third-party]] candidate, while Davis won the lowest share of the popular vote of any Democratic nominee in history. This is the most recent election to date in which a third-party candidate won a non-Southern state, and the last time a Republican won the presidency without winning any of the former Confederate states. It was also the US election with the lowest per capita voter turnout since records were kept. Also, it was the first election since [[1864 United States presidential election|1864]] in which none of the candidates were from New York or Ohio.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Voter Turnout in Presidential Elections {{!}} The American Presidency Project|url=https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/statistics/data/voter-turnout-in-presidential-elections|access-date=2020-12-08|website=www.presidency.ucsb.edu}}</ref> ==Nominations== ===Republican Party nomination=== {{Main|1924 Republican National Convention}} {{See also|1924 Republican Party presidential primaries}} {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%; text-align:center;" |- | style="background:#f1f1f1;" colspan="30"|[[File:Republican Disc.svg|65px|center|link=Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party (United States)]]<big>'''1924 Republican Party ticket'''</big> |- ! style="width:3em; font-size:135%; background:#E81B23; width:200px;"| [[Calvin Coolidge|{{color|white|Calvin Coolidge}}]] ! style="width:3em; font-size:135%; background:#E81B23; width:200px;"| [[Charles G. Dawes|{{color|white|Charles G. Dawes}}]] |- style="color:#000; font-size:100%; background:#FFD0D7;" | style="width:3em; width:200px;"|'''''for President''''' | style="width:3em; width:200px;"|'''''for Vice President''''' |- | [[File:John Calvin Coolidge, Bain bw photo portrait.jpg|center|200x200px]] | [[File:Chas G Dawes-H&E.jpg|center|200x200px]] |- | [[List of presidents of the United States|30th]]<br />[[President of the United States]]<br /><small>(1923–1929)</small> | 1st<br />[[Office of Management and Budget|Director of the Bureau of the Budget]]<br /><small>(1921–1922)</small> |- |} <br /> <!-- So the Republican pictures don't clip into the infobox --> '''Republican candidates'''<br /> <gallery mode="packed" heights="160"> File:John Calvin Coolidge, Bain bw photo portrait.jpg|{{center|'''[[President of the United States|President]]<br />[[Calvin Coolidge]]'''}} File:Souvenir_of_the_unveiling,_dedication_and_presentation_of_the_Abraham_Lincoln_G._A._R._memorial_monument_-_dedicated_to_the_veterans_of_the_Civil_War,_1861-1865,_at_Long_Beach,_California,_July_3rd,_(14576262447).jpg|{{center|[[United States Senate|Senator]]<br />'''[[Hiram Johnson]]'''<br />from [[California]]}} File:Robert La Follette Sr crop.jpg|{{center|Senator<br />'''[[Robert M. La Follette]]'''<br />from [[Wisconsin]]}} File:Frank O Lowden portrait.jpg|{{center|[[Governor of Illinois|Governor]]<br />'''[[Frank Orren Lowden]]'''<br />of [[Illinois]]<br /><small>''(Declined to contest)''</small>}} </gallery> The Republican Convention was held in [[Cleveland|Cleveland, Ohio]], from June 10 to 12, with the easy choice of nominating incumbent President Coolidge for a full term of his own. Former Illinois Governor [[Frank Orren Lowden]] was nominated as Coolidge's running mate, but he declined the honor, a unique event in 20th-century American political history. [[Charles G. Dawes]], a prominent Republican businessman, was nominated for vice-president instead. {| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed" ! 1924 RNC presidential ballot (1) | style="text-align:center" colspan="8" |'''1924 RNC vice presidential ballots (1–3)''' |- ! Presidential ballot !! 1 !! Vice presidential ballot !! 1 !! 2 Before shifts !! 2 After shifts !! 3 |- ![[Calvin Coolidge]] !!1065 !![[Charles G. Dawes]] !!149 !!111 !!49 !!682.5 |- ![[Robert M. La Follette]] !!34 !![[Frank Orren Lowden]] !!222 !!413 !!766 !!0 |- ![[Hiram Johnson]]!!10 !! [[Theodore E. Burton]] !!139 !!288 !!94 !!0 |- ! !! !![[Herbert Hoover]] !!0 !!0 !!0 !!234.5 |- ! !! !![[William S. Kenyon (Iowa politician)|William S. Kenyon]] !!172 !!95 !!68 !!75 |- ! !! !![[George Scott Graham]] !!81 !!0 !!0 !!0 |- ! !! !![[James Eli Watson]] !!79 !!55 !!7 !!45 |- ! !! !![[Charles Curtis]] !!56 !!31 !!24 !!0 |- ! !! !![[Arthur M. Hyde]] !!55 !!36 !!36 !!0 |- ! !! !![[George W. Norris]] !!35 !!0 !!0 !!0 |- ! !! !![[Smith W. Brookhart]] !!0 !!31 !!0 !!0 |- ! !! !![[Frank T. Hines]] !!28 !!1 !!0 !!0 |- ! !! !![[Charles A. March]]!!28 !!0 !!0 !!0 |- ! !! !![[J. Will Taylor]] !!21 !!20 !!27 !!27 |- ! !! !![[William Purnell Jackson]] !!23 !!0 !!0 !!10 |- ! !! !![[Charles B. Warren]] !!10 !!1 !!23 !!14 |- ! !! !![[T. Coleman du Pont]] !!0 !!0 !!3 !!11 |- ! !! !![[Joseph M. Dixon]] !!6 !!0 !!0 !!2 |- ! !! !![[Everett Sanders]] !!0 !!0 !!0 !!4 |- ! !! !![[James Harbord]] !!1 !!0 !!0 !!3 |- ! !! !![[Albert J. Beveridge]] !!0 !!0 !!0 !!2 |- ! !! !![[John L. Coulter]]!!1 !!0 !!0 !!1 |- ! !! !![[William Wrigley Jr.|William Wrigley]] !!1 !!0 !!0 !!1 |- ! !! !![[John J. Pershing]] !!0 !!0 !!0 !!0 |} ===Democratic Party nomination=== [[File:LIFEMagazine19Jun1924.jpg|thumb|Cover of ''[[Life (magazine)|Life]]'', 19 Jun 1924]] {{Main|1924 Democratic National Convention|1924 Democratic Party presidential primaries}} {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%; text-align:center;" |- | style="background:#f1f1f1;" colspan="30"|[[File:Democratic Disc.svg|65px|center|link=Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party (United States)]]<big>'''1924 Democratic Party ticket '''</big> |- ! style="width:3em; font-size:135%; background:#3333FF; width:200px;"| [[John W. Davis|{{color|white|John W. Davis}}]] ! style="width:3em; font-size:135%; background:#3333FF; width:200px;"| [[Charles W. Bryan|{{color|white|Charles W. Bryan}}]] |- | style="width:3em; font-size:100%; color:#000; background:#C8EBFF; width:200px;"|'''''for President''''' | style="width:3em; font-size:100%; color:#000; background:#C8EBFF; width:200px;"|'''''for Vice President''''' |- | [[File:John William Davis (3x4).jpg|center|200x200px]] | [[File:CharlesBryan.png|center|200x200px]] |- | [[United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom|U.S. Ambassador<br /> to the United Kingdom]]<br /><small>(1918–1921)</small> | [[List of Governors of Nebraska|20th]]<br />[[Governor of Nebraska]]<br /><small>(1923–1925)</small> |- |} Democratic candidates: <gallery perrow="5" mode="packed" heights="160"> File:John William Davis.jpg|{{center|'''[[John W. Davis]]'''<br /> / from [[West Virginia]], <br /> [[United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom|Former Ambassador<br />to the United Kingdom]]}} File:William Gibbs McAdoo, formal photo portrait, 1914.jpg|{{center|'''[[William Gibbs McAdoo]]'''<br />from [[California]], <br /> [[United States Secretary of the Treasury|Former Secretary<br />of the Treasury]]}} File:AlfredSmith.png|{{center|[[Governor of New York|Governor]]<br />'''[[Al Smith]]'''<br />of [[New York (state)|New York]]<br /><small>[[Al Smith presidential campaign, 1924|(campaign)]]</small>}} File:Oscar W. Underwood.jpg|{{center|[[United States Senate|Senator]]<br />'''[[Oscar Underwood]]'''<br />from [[Alabama]]}} File:Sen. Sam'l M. Ralston, 12-22-23 LCCN2016848472 (cropped).jpg|{{center|[[United States Senate|Senator]]<br />'''[[Samuel M. Ralston]]'''<br />from [[Indiana]]}} File:James M. Cox 1920.jpg|{{center|Former [[Governor of Ohio|Governor]]<br />'''[[James M. Cox]]'''<br />of [[Ohio]]}} </gallery> The [[1924 Democratic National Convention]] was held in [[New York City]] from June 24 to July 9. The two leading candidates were [[William Gibbs McAdoo]] of California, former [[United States Secretary of the Treasury|Secretary of the Treasury]] and son-in-law of former President [[Woodrow Wilson]], and Governor [[Al Smith]] of New York. The balloting revealed a clear geographic and cultural split in the party, as McAdoo was supported mostly by [[Rural area|rural]], [[Protestantism|Protestant]] delegates from the South, West, and small-town Midwest who were supporters of [[Prohibition in the United States|Prohibition]] (called "drys"). In some cases, McAdoo's delegates were also supporters of the [[Ku Klux Klan]] (KKK), which was at its peak of nationwide popularity in the 1920s, with chapters in all 48 states and 4 to 5 million members. Governor Smith was supported by the anti-Prohibition forces (called "wets"), many [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholics]] and other ethnic minorities, big-city delegates in the Northeast and urban [[Midwestern United States|Midwest]], and by liberal delegates opposed to the influence of the Ku Klux Klan. An example of the deep split within the party came in a brutal floor fight over a proposal to publicly condemn the Klan. Most of McAdoo's delegates in the South and West opposed the motion, while most of Smith's big-city delegates supported it. In the end the motion failed to carry by a single vote. [[William Jennings Bryan]], the three-time Democratic presidential candidate, argued against condemning the Klan for fear that it would permanently split the party. [[Wendell Willkie]], who would go on to become the Republican Party's 1940 presidential candidate, was a Democratic delegate in 1924, and he supported the proposal to condemn the KKK. The bitter fight between the McAdoo and Smith delegates over the KKK set the stage for the nominating ballots to come. Most of the ensuing ballots followed a pattern of having McAdoo leading, Smith second, Davis third, and 1920 candidate [[James M. Cox]] fourth, followed by various [[favorite son]] candidates. Due to the [[Supermajority|two-thirds rule]] governing nominations, neither McAdoo, who briefly got a majority of the votes halfway through the balloting, nor Smith was able to get the two-thirds majority necessary to win. However, neither candidate would back down, and so the deadlock continued for days on end, as ballot after ballot was taken with neither McAdoo or Smith getting close to enough delegates to win the nomination. Cox withdrew after the 64th ballot, only for his support to split relatively evenly between the three frontrunners, leaving the situation no closer to being resolved. Eventually the convention would go to over 100 ballots, becoming the longest-running political convention in American history. Humorist [[Will Rogers]] joked that New York had invited the Democratic delegates to visit the city, not to live there. As the convention approached the hundredth ballot, a movement to draft Indiana senator [[Samuel M. Ralston]] gained traction and began to look like it might break the deadlock; Ralston, who had been content for his name to be put forward purely as a favorite son candidate, quickly sent the convention a message stating that due to his poor health, he could not accept the nomination. Due to the great divide in the Democratic Party, the convention could have gone on for a great deal longer. However, with some state delegations running low on money and unable to stay in the city any longer, on the 100th ballot both Smith and McAdoo mutually withdrew as candidates. This allowed the convention's delegates to search for a compromise candidate acceptable to both Smith and McAdoo supporters.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Prude |first=James |year=1972 |title=William Gibbs McAdoo and the Democratic National Convention of 1924 |journal=The Journal of Southern History |volume=38 |issue=4 |pages=621–628 |id= |doi=10.2307/2206152 |publisher=Southern Historical Association |jstor=2206152 }}</ref> Finally, on the 103rd ballot, the exhausted convention turned to [[John W. Davis]], a former [[United States House of Representatives|Congressman]] from [[West Virginia]], former [[Solicitor General of the United States]], and former [[United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom]], as the presidential nominee. The Democrats' disarray prompted Will Rogers's famous quip: "I'm not a member of any organized political party, I'm a Democrat!" [[Governor of Nebraska]] [[Charles W. Bryan]], [[William Jennings Bryan]]'s brother, was nominated for vice-president in order to gain the support of the party's rural voters, many of whom still saw Bryan as their leader. {| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed" !(1-20) ! style="text-align:center" colspan="25" |'''Presidential Ballot''' |- !!!1st !! 2nd !! 3rd !! 4th !! 5th !! 6th !! 7th !! 8th !! 9th !! 10th !! 11th !! 12th !! 13th !! 14th !! 15th !! 16th !! 17th !! 18th !! 19th !! 20th |- ![[John W. Davis|J.W. Davis]] |31 |32 |34 |34 |34.5 |55.5 |55 |57 |style="background:#c2dfff"|63 |57.5 |59 |style="background:#c2dfff"|60 |style="background:#c2dfff"|64.5 |style="background:#c2dfff"|64.5 |style="background:#c2dfff"|61 |style="background:#c2dfff"|63 |style="background:#c2dfff"|64 |style="background:#c2dfff"|66 |style="background:#c2dfff"|84.5 |style="background:#c2dfff"|122 |- ![[William G. McAdoo|McAdoo]] |style="background:#5cb3ff"|431.5 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|431 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|437 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|443.6 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|443.1 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|443.1 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|442.6 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|444.6 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|444.6 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|471.6 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|476.3 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|478.5 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|477 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|475.5 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|479 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|478 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|471.5 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|470.5 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|474 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|432 |- ![[Al Smith|Smith]] |style="background:#82caff"|241 |style="background:#82caff"|251.5 |style="background:#82caff"|255.5 |style="background:#82caff"|260 |style="background:#82caff"|261 |style="background:#82caff"|261.5 |style="background:#82caff"|261.5 |style="background:#82caff"|273.5 |style="background:#82caff"|278 |style="background:#82caff"|299.5 |style="background:#82caff"|303.2 |style="background:#82caff"|301 |style="background:#82caff"|303.5 |style="background:#82caff"|306.5 |style="background:#82caff"|305.5 |style="background:#82caff"|305.5 |style="background:#82caff"|312.5 |style="background:#82caff"|312.5 |style="background:#82caff"|311.5 |style="background:#82caff"|307.5 |- ![[James M. Cox|Cox]] |style="background:#c2dfff"|59 |style="background:#c2dfff"|61 |style="background:#c2dfff"|60 |style="background:#c2dfff"|59 |style="background:#c2dfff"|59 |style="background:#c2dfff"|59 |style="background:#c2dfff"|59 |style="background:#c2dfff"|60 |60 |style="background:#c2dfff"|60 |style="background:#c2dfff"|60 |style="background:#c2dfff"|60 |60 |60 |60 |60 |60 |60 |60 |60 |- ![[Pat Harrison|Harrison]] |43.5 |23.5 |23.5 |20.5 |20.5 |20.5 |20.5 |20.5 |20.5 |31.5 |20.5 |21.5 |20.5 |20.5 |20.5 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[Oscar Underwood|Underwood]] |42.5 |42 |42 |41.5 |41.5 |42.5 |42.5 |48 |45.5 |43.9 |42.5 |41.5 |40.5 |40.5 |39.5 |41.5 |42 |39.5 |39.5 |45.5 |- ![[George Sebastian Silzer|Silzer]] |38 |30 |28 |28 |28 |28 |28 |28 |28 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[Woodbridge N. Ferris|Ferris]] |30 |30 |30 |30 |30 |30 |30 |6.5 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[Samuel M. Ralston|Ralston]] |30 |30 |30 |30 |30 |30 |30 |30 |30.5 |30.5 |32.5 |31.5 |31.5 |31 |31 |31 |30 |30 |31 |30 |- ![[Carter Glass|Glass]] |25 |25 |29 |45 |25 |25 |25 |26 |25 |25 |25.5 |26 |25 |24 |25 |25 |44 |30 |30 |25 |- ![[Albert Ritchie|Ritchie]] |22.5 |21.5 |22.5 |21.5 |42.9 |22.9 |20.9 |19.9 |17.5 |17.5 |17.5 |17.5 |17.5 |17.5 |17.5 |17.5 |17.5 |18.5 |17.5 |17.5 |- ![[Joseph Taylor Robinson|Robinson]] |21 |41 |41 |19 |19 |19 |19 |21 |21 |20 |20 |19 |19 |19 |20 |46 |28 |22 |22 |21 |- ![[Jonathan M. Davis|J.M. Davis]] |20 |23 |20 |29 |28 |27 |30 |29 |32.4 |12 |11 |13.5 |11 |11 |11 |11 |10 |10 |9 |10 |- ![[Charles W. Bryan|C.W. Bryan]] |18 |18 |19 |19 |19 |18 |18 |16 |15 |12 |11 |11 |10 |11 |11 |11 |11 |11 |10 |11 |- ![[Fred H. Brown|Brown]] |17 |12.5 |12.5 |9.9 |8.5 |8 |8 |9 |8 |8 |9 |9 |9 |9 |9 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[William Ellery Sweet|Sweet]] |12 |12 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[Willard Saulsbury Jr.|Saulsbury]] |7 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |- ![[John B. Kendrick|Kendrick]] |6 |6 |6 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[Houston Thompson|Thompson]] |1 |1 |1 |1 |1 |1 |1 |1 |1 |1 |1 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[Thomas J. Walsh|Walsh]] |0 |1 |1 |1 |1 |1 |1 |1 |1 |1 |1 |1 |1 |1 |1 |1 |1 |2 |2 |8 |- ![[William Jennings Bryan|W.J. Bryan]] |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[Newton D. Baker|Baker]] |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |1 |0 |1 |1 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |- ![[George L. Berry|Berry]] |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[Roland Krebs|Krebs]] |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[Royal S. Copeland|Copeland]] |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0.5 |0.5 |0 |1 |0 |- ![[Cordell Hull|Hull]] |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |20 |0 |0 |- ![[Gilbert Hitchcock|Hitchcock]] |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |- ![[William Emmett Dever|Dever]] |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0.5 |} {| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed" !(21–40) ! style="text-align:center" colspan="25" |'''Presidential Ballot''' |- !||21st ||22nd||23rd|| 24th || 25th ||26th||27th||28th||29th||30th||31st||32nd||33rd||34th||35th||36th||37th||38th||39th||40th |- ![[John W. Davis|J.W. Davis]] |style="background:#c2dfff"|125 |style="background:#c2dfff"|123.5 |style="background:#c2dfff"|129.5 |style="background:#c2dfff"|129.5 |style="background:#c2dfff"|126 |style="background:#c2dfff"|125 |style="background:#c2dfff"|128.5 |style="background:#c2dfff"|126 |style="background:#c2dfff"|124.5 |style="background:#c2dfff"|126.5 |style="background:#c2dfff"|127.5 |style="background:#c2dfff"|128 |style="background:#c2dfff"|121 |style="background:#c2dfff"|107.5 |style="background:#c2dfff"|107 |style="background:#c2dfff"|106.5 |style="background:#c2dfff"|107 |style="background:#c2dfff"|105 |style="background:#c2dfff"|71 |style="background:#c2dfff"|70 |- ![[William G. McAdoo|McAdoo]] |style="background:#5cb3ff"|439 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|438.5 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|438.5 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|438.5 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|436.5 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|415.5 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|413 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|412 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|415 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|415.5 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|415.5 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|415.5 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|404.5 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|445 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|439 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|429 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|444.5 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|444 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|499 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|506.4 |- ![[Al Smith|Smith]] |style="background:#82caff"|307.5 |style="background:#82caff"|307.5 |style="background:#82caff"|308 |style="background:#82caff"|308 |style="background:#82caff"|308.5 |style="background:#82caff"|311.5 |style="background:#82caff"|316.5 |style="background:#82caff"|316.5 |style="background:#82caff"|321 |style="background:#82caff"|323.5 |style="background:#82caff"|322.5 |style="background:#82caff"|322 |style="background:#82caff"|310.5 |style="background:#82caff"|311 |style="background:#82caff"|323.5 |style="background:#82caff"|323 |style="background:#82caff"|321 |style="background:#82caff"|321 |style="background:#82caff"|320.5 |style="background:#82caff"|315.1 |- ![[James M. Cox|Cox]] |60 |60 |60 |60 |59 |59 |59 |59 |59 |57 |57 |57 |57 |54 |50 |55 |55 |55 |55 |55 |- ![[Oscar Underwood|Underwood]] |45.5 |45.5 |39.5 |39.5 |39.5 |39.5 |39.5 |39.5 |39.5 |39.5 |39.5 |39.5 |39.5 |39.5 |39.5 |39.5 |39.5 |39.5 |38.5 |41.5 |- ![[Samuel M. Ralston|Ralston]] |30 |32 |32 |33 |31 |32 |32 |34 |34 |33 |32 |32 |32 |31 |33 |33.5 |32 |32 |32 |31 |- ![[Carter Glass|Glass]] |24 |25 |30 |29 |29 |29 |29 |25 |25 |24 |24 |24 |24 |24 |29 |24 |24 |24 |25 |24 |- ![[Joseph Taylor Robinson|Robinson]] |22 |22 |23 |22 |23 |23 |23 |24 |23 |23 |24 |24 |23 |24 |24 |24 |24 |24 |23 |24 |- ![[Albert Ritchie|Ritchie]] |17.5 |17.5 |17.5 |17.5 |17.5 |17.5 |18.5 |18.5 |17.5 |17.5 |16.5 |16.5 |16.5 |16.5 |16.5 |16.5 |17.5 |17.5 |18.5 |17.5 |- ![[Willard Saulsbury Jr.|Saulsbury]] |12 |12 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |- ![[Thomas J. Walsh|Walsh]] |8 |8.5 |8 |9 |16 |14 |7 |7 |1.5 |1.5 |2.5 |3.5 |2.5 |1.5 |0.5 |0.5 |0.5 |1.5 |1 |0 |- ![[Jonathan M. Davis|J.M. Davis]] |5 |5 |5 |5 |5 |5 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |3 |3 |3 |3 |4 |3 |3 |- ![[Newton D. Baker|Baker]] |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[Emma Guffey "Belle" Miller|Miller]] |0.5 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[Atlee Pomerene|Pomerene]] |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[Robert Latham Owen|Owen]] |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |20 |20 |24 |24 |25 |25 |24 |25 |5 |25 |25 |24 |24 |4 |4 |- ![[Josephus Daniels|Daniels]] |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[Fred C. Martin|Martin]] |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[William Alexander Gaston|Gaston]] |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0.5 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[James W. Gerard|Gerard]] |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[Edward L. Doheny|Doheny]] |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[J. Holmes Jackson|Jackson]] |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |} {| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed" !(41–60) ! style="text-align:center" colspan="25" |'''Presidential Ballot''' |- !||41st||42nd||43rd||44th||45th||46th||47th||48th||49th||50th||51st||52nd||53rd||54th||55th||56th||57th||58th||59th||60th |- ![[John W. Davis|J.W. Davis]] |style="background:#c2dfff"|70 |style="background:#c2dfff"|67 |style="background:#c2dfff"|71 |style="background:#c2dfff"|71 |style="background:#c2dfff"|73 |style="background:#c2dfff"|71 |style="background:#c2dfff"|70.5 |style="background:#c2dfff"|70.5 |style="background:#c2dfff"|63.5 |style="background:#c2dfff"|64 |style="background:#c2dfff"|67.5 |59 |63 |62 |62.5 |58.5 |58.5 |40.5 |style="background:#c2dfff"|60 |style="background:#c2dfff"|60 |- ![[William G. McAdoo|McAdoo]] |style="background:#5cb3ff"|504.9 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|503.4 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|483.4 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|484.4 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|483.4 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|486.9 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|484.4 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|483.5 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|462.5 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|461.5 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|442.5 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|413.5 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|423.5 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|427 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|426.5 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|430 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|430 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|495 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|473.5 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|469.5 |- ![[Al Smith|Smith]] |style="background:#82caff"|317.6 |style="background:#82caff"|318.6 |style="background:#82caff"|319.1 |style="background:#82caff"|319.1 |style="background:#82caff"|319.1 |style="background:#82caff"|319.1 |style="background:#82caff"|320.1 |style="background:#82caff"|321 |style="background:#82caff"|320.5 |style="background:#82caff"|320.5 |style="background:#82caff"|328 |style="background:#82caff"|320.5 |style="background:#82caff"|320.5 |style="background:#82caff"|320.5 |style="background:#82caff"|320.5 |style="background:#82caff"|320.5 |style="background:#82caff"|320.5 |style="background:#82caff"|331.5 |style="background:#82caff"|331.5 |style="background:#82caff"|330.5 |- ![[James M. Cox|Cox]] |55 |56 |54 |54 |54 |54 |54 |54 |53 |54 |55 |54 |54 |54 |54 |54 |54 |style="background:#c2dfff"|54 |54 |54 |- ![[Oscar Underwood|Underwood]] |39.5 |39.5 |40 |39 |38 |37.5 |38.5 |38.5 |42 |42.5 |43 |38.5 |42.5 |40 |40 |39.5 |39.5 |38 |40 |42 |- ![[Samuel M. Ralston|Ralston]] |30 |30 |31 |31 |31 |31 |31 |31 |57 |58 |63 |style="background:#c2dfff"|93 |style="background:#c2dfff"|94 |style="background:#c2dfff"|92 |style="background:#c2dfff"|97 |style="background:#c2dfff"|97 |style="background:#c2dfff"|97 |40.5 |42.5 |42.5 |- ![[Carter Glass|Glass]] |24 |28.5 |24 |24 |24 |24 |24 |25 |25 |24 |25 |24 |25 |24 |24 |25 |25 |25 |25 |25 |- ![[Joseph Taylor Robinson|Robinson]] |24 |23 |44 |44 |44 |44 |45 |44 |45 |44 |43 |42 |43 |43 |43 |43 |43 |23 |23 |23 |- ![[Albert Ritchie|Ritchie]] |17.5 |17.5 |17.5 |17.5 |17.5 |16.5 |16.5 |16.5 |16.5 |16.5 |16.5 |16.5 |16.5 |17.5 |16.5 |16.5 |16.5 |16.5 |16.5 |16.5 |- ![[Willard Saulsbury Jr.|Saulsbury]] |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |- ![[Robert Latham Owen|Owen]] |4 |4 |4 |4 |4 |4 |4 |4 |4 |4 |4 |4 |4 |3 |4 |4 |4 |4 |24 |24 |- ![[Jonathan M. Davis|J.M. Davis]] |3 |3 |3 |2 |3 |3 |3 |3 |2 |2 |2 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[Homer Stille Cummings|Cummings]] |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[Thomas J. Spellacy|Spellacy]] |1 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[Thomas J. Walsh|Walsh]] |0 |0 |1 |1 |1 |1 |1 |1 |1 |1 |2.5 |1 |0 |1 |1 |1 |1 |1 |0 |3 |- ![[Edward I. Edwards|Edwards]] |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[Charles W. Bryan|C.W. Bryan]] |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |6 |6 |7 |3 |3 |3 |3 |2 |2 |- ![[George G. Battle|Battle]] |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |20 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[Franklin D. Roosevelt|Roosevelt]] |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[Martin Behrman|Behrman]] |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0.5 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |} {| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed" !(61–80) ! style="text-align:center" colspan="25" |'''Presidential Ballot''' |- !||61st||62nd||63rd||64th||65th||66th||67th||68th||69th||70th||71st||72nd||73rd||74th||75th||76th||77th||78th||79th||80th |- ![[John W. Davis|J.W. Davis]] |style="background:#c2dfff"|60 |style="background:#c2dfff"|60.5 |style="background:#c2dfff"|62 |style="background:#c2dfff"|61.5 |style="background:#c2dfff"|71.5 |style="background:#c2dfff"|74.5 |style="background:#c2dfff"|75.5 |style="background:#c2dfff"|72.5 |style="background:#c2dfff"|64 |style="background:#c2dfff"|67 |style="background:#c2dfff"|67 |style="background:#c2dfff"|65 |style="background:#c2dfff"|66 |style="background:#c2dfff"|78.5 |style="background:#c2dfff"|78.5 |style="background:#c2dfff"|75.5 |style="background:#c2dfff"|76.5 |style="background:#c2dfff"|73.5 |style="background:#c2dfff"|71 |style="background:#c2dfff"|73.5 |- ![[William G. McAdoo|McAdoo]] |style="background:#5cb3ff"|469.5 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|469 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|446.5 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|488.5 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|492 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|495 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|490 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|488.5 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|530 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|528.5 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|528.5 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|527.5 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|528 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|510 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|513 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|513 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|513 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|511 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|507.5 |style="background:#5cb3ff"|454.5 |- ![[Al Smith|Smith]] |style="background:#82caff;"|335.5 |style="background:#82caff;"|338.5 |style="background:#82caff;"|315.5 |style="background:#82caff;"|325 |style="background:#82caff;"|336.5 |style="background:#82caff;"|338.5 |style="background:#82caff;"|336.5 |style="background:#82caff;"|336.5 |style="background:#82caff;"|335 |style="background:#82caff;"|334 |style="background:#82caff;"|334.5 |style="background:#82caff;"|334 |style="background:#82caff;"|335 |style="background:#82caff;"|364 |style="background:#82caff;"|366 |style="background:#82caff;"|368 |style="background:#82caff;"|367 |style="background:#82caff;"|363.5 |style="background:#82caff;"|366.5 |style="background:#82caff;"|367.5 |- ![[James M. Cox|Cox]] |54 |49 |49 |54 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |1 |1 |1 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[Oscar Underwood|Underwood]] |42 |40 |39.5 |39.5 |40 |39.5 |46.5 |46.5 |38 |37.5 |37.5 |37.5 |38.5 |47 |46.5 |47.5 |47.5 |49 |50 |46.5 |- ![[Samuel M. Ralston|Ralston]] |37.5 |38.5 |56 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |3.5 |4.5 |4.5 |6.5 |5 |4 |5 |- ![[Carter Glass|Glass]] |25 |26 |25 |25 |25 |25 |25 |26 |25 |25 |25 |25 |25 |28 |28 |29 |27 |21 |17 |68 |- ![[Robert Latham Owen|Owen]] |24 |24 |24 |24 |24 |22 |22 |22 |2 |2 |2 |2 |2 |2 |4 |4 |4 |0 |0 |1 |- ![[Joseph Taylor Robinson|Robinson]] |23 |23 |23 |24 |23 |21 |21 |21 |21 |21 |21 |21 |21 |23 |25 |25 |24 |22.5 |28.5 |29.5 |- ![[Albert Ritchie|Ritchie]] |16.5 |16.5 |16.5 |16.5 |16.5 |16.5 |16.5 |16.5 |16.5 |16.5 |16.5 |16.5 |16.5 |16.5 |16.5 |16.5 |16.5 |16.5 |16.5 |16.5 |- ![[Willard Saulsbury Jr.|Saulsbury]] |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |7 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |- ![[Charles W. Bryan|C.W. Bryan]] |2 |4 |4 |3 |3 |2 |3 |3 |2 |3 |2 |2 |3 |4 |4 |4 |4 |3 |3 |4.5 |- ![[Thomas J. Walsh|Walsh]] |3 |3 |3 |3 |3 |3 |2 |1 |0 |0 |1 |2 |2 |4.5 |2 |2 |2 |6 |6 |4 |- ![[Woodbridge N. Ferris|Ferris]] |0 |0 |28 |24.5 |6.5 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |17 |18 |17.5 |- ![[David I. Walsh|Walsh]] |0 |0 |0 |2.5 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[Newton D. Baker|Baker]] |0 |0 |0 |0 |48 |55 |54 |57 |56 |56 |56 |57.5 |54 |5 |2 |1 |1 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[Burton K. Wheeler|Wheeler]] |0 |0 |0 |0 |2 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |20 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[Will Rogers|Rogers]] |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[Marcus A. Coolidge|Coolidge]] |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0.5 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[Josephus Daniels|Daniels]] |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |2.5 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |- ![[J. Richard Kevin|Kevin]] |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[Franklin D. Roosevelt|Roosevelt]] |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |1 |1 |1 |- ![[James W. Gerard|Gerard]] |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |1 |0 |} {| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed" !(81–100) ! style="text-align:center" colspan="25" |'''Presidential Ballot''' |- !||81st||82nd||83rd||84th||85th||86th||87th||88th||89th||90th||91st||92nd||93rd||94th||95th||96th||97th||98th||99th||100th |- ![[John W. Davis|J.W. Davis]] |70.5 |71 |72.5 |66 |68 |65.5 |66.5 |59.5 |64.5 |65.5 |66.5 |69.5 |68 |style="background:#c2dfff;"|81.75 |style="background:#c2dfff;"|139.25 |style="background:#c2dfff;"|171.5 |style="background:#c2dfff;"|183.25 |style="background:#c2dfff;"|194.75 |style="background:#c2dfff;"|210 |style="background:#82caff;"|203.5 |- ![[William G. McAdoo|McAdoo]] |style="background:#5cb3ff;"|432 |style="background:#5cb3ff;"|413.5 |style="background:#5cb3ff;"|418 |style="background:#5cb3ff;"|388.5 |style="background:#5cb3ff;"|380.5 |style="background:#82caff;"|353.5 |style="background:#82caff;"|336.5 |style="background:#82caff;"|315.5 |style="background:#82caff;"|318.5 |style="background:#82caff;"|314 |style="background:#82caff;"|318 |style="background:#82caff;"|310 |style="background:#82caff;"|314 |style="background:#5cb3ff;"|395 |style="background:#5cb3ff;"|417.5 |style="background:#5cb3ff;"|421 |style="background:#5cb3ff;"|415.5 |style="background:#5cb3ff;"|406.5 |style="background:#82caff;"|353.5 |style="background:#c2dfff;"|190 |- ![[Al Smith|Smith]] |style="background:#82caff;"|365 |style="background:#82caff;"|366 |style="background:#82caff;"|368 |style="background:#82caff;"|365 |style="background:#82caff;"|363 |style="background:#5cb3ff;"|360 |style="background:#5cb3ff;"|361.5 |style="background:#5cb3ff;"|362 |style="background:#5cb3ff;"|357 |style="background:#5cb3ff;"|354.5 |style="background:#5cb3ff;"|355.5 |style="background:#5cb3ff;"|355.5 |style="background:#5cb3ff;"|355.5 |style="background:#82caff;"|364.5 |style="background:#82caff;"|367.5 |style="background:#82caff;"|359.5 |style="background:#82caff;"|359.5 |style="background:#82caff;"|354 |style="background:#5cb3ff;"|354 |style="background:#5cb3ff;"|351.5 |- ![[Carter Glass|Glass]] |style="background:#c2dfff;"|73 |style="background:#c2dfff;"|78 |style="background:#c2dfff;"|76 |72.5 |67.5 |72.5 |71 |66.5 |66.5 |30.5 |28.5 |26.5 |27 |37 |34 |39 |39 |36 |38 |35 |- ![[Oscar Underwood|Underwood]] |48 |49 |48.5 |40.5 |40.5 |38 |38 |39 |41 |42.5 |46.5 |45.25 |44.75 |46.25 |44.25 |38.5 |37.25 |38.25 |39.5 |41.5 |- ![[Joseph Taylor Robinson|Robinson]] |29.5 |28.5 |27.5 |25 |27.5 |25 |20.5 |23 |20.5 |20 |20 |20 |19 |37 |31 |32 |22 |25 |25 |46 |- ![[Robert Latham Owen|Owen]] |21 |21 |20 |20 |20 |20 |20 |20 |20 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |1 |3 |20 |- ![[Albert Ritchie|Ritchie]] |16.5 |16.5 |16.5 |16.5 |16.5 |23.5 |23 |22.5 |22.5 |16.5 |16.5 |16.5 |16.5 |16.5 |20.5 |21.5 |19.5 |18.5 |17.5 |17.5 |- ![[Woodbridge N. Ferris|Ferris]] |16 |12 |7.5 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[Thomas J. Walsh|Walsh]] |7 |4 |4 |1.5 |3 |5 |4 |5 |3.5 |5 |4.5 |4.5 |4.5 |4 |2 |4 |4 |6 |4 |52.5 |- ![[Willard Saulsbury Jr.|Saulsbury]] |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |6 |0 |0 |0 |6 |6 |6 |6 |- ![[Charles W. Bryan|C.W. Bryan]] |4.5 |4.5 |5.5 |6.5 |9.5 |7 |7 |9 |9 |15 |8 |8 |8 |9 |9 |7 |6 |5 |5 |2 |- ![[Samuel M. Ralston|Ralston]] |4 |24 |24 |style="background:#c2dfff;"|86 |style="background:#c2dfff;"|87 |style="background:#c2dfff;"|92 |style="background:#c2dfff;"|93 |style="background:#c2dfff;"|98 |style="background:#c2dfff;"|100.5 |style="background:#c2dfff;"|159.5 |style="background:#c2dfff;"|187.5 |style="background:#c2dfff;"|196.75 |style="background:#c2dfff;"|196.25 |37 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[John T. Barnett|Barnett]] |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[Josephus Daniels|Daniels]] |1 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |23 |19.5 |19 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |24 |- ![[Franklin D. Roosevelt|Roosevelt]] |1 |1 |1 |1 |1 |1 |1 |1 |1 |1 |0 |0 |0 |2 |2 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[Emma Guffey "Belle" Miller|Miller]] |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[Burton K. Wheeler|Wheeler]] |0 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[William Coyne|Coyne]] |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[Newton D. Baker|Baker]] |0 |0 |0 |0 |6 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |2 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |4 |- ![[Edwin T. Meredith|Meredith]] |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |26 |26 |26 |26 |26 |26 |26 |26 |26 |26 |0 |0 |0 |37 |75.5 |- ![[William Maloney (American politician)|Maloney]] |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[Jonathan M. Davis|J.M. Davis]] |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |20 |20 |20 |22 |4 |0 |0 |20 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[James M. Cox|Cox]] |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0.5 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[Homer Stille Cummings|Cummings]] |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |8.5 |8.5 |8.5 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[David F. Houston|Houston]] |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |2 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |9 |- ![[John M. Callahan|Callahan]] |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[Royal S. Copeland|Copeland]] |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |17 |2 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[Cora Wilson Stewart|Stewart]] |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[Thomas R. Marshall|Marshall]] |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |2 |3 |2 |0 |- ![[George L. Berry|Berry]] |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |1 |- ![[James W. Gerard|Gerard]] |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |10 |} {| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed" !(101–103) ! colspan="9" | '''Presidential Ballot''' |- !||101st||102nd||103rd<br />before shifts||103rd<br />after shifts |- ![[John W. Davis|J.W. Davis]] |style="background:#5cb3ff;"|316 |style="background:#5cb3ff;"|415.5 |style="background:#5cb3ff;"|575.5 |style="background:#5cb3ff;"|844 |- ![[Oscar Underwood|Underwood]] |style="background:#82caff;"|229.5 |style="background:#82caff;"|317 |style="background:#82caff;"|250.5 |style="background:#82caff;"|102.5 |- ![[Thomas J. Walsh|Walsh]] |98 |style="background:#c2dfff;"|123 |style="background:#c2dfff;"|84.5 |style="background:#c2dfff;"|58 |- ![[Carter Glass|Glass]] |59 |67 |79 |23 |- ![[Joseph Taylor Robinson|Robinson]] |22.5 |21 |21 |20 |- ![[Edwin T. Meredith|Meredith]] |style="background:#c2dfff;"|130 |66.5 |42.5 |15.5 |- ![[William G. McAdoo|McAdoo]] |52 |21 |14.5 |11.5 |- ![[Al Smith|Smith]] |121 |44 |10.5 |7.5 |- ![[James W. Gerard|Gerard]] |16 |7 |8 |7 |- ![[Cordell Hull|Hull]] |2 |1 |1 |1 |- ![[Josephus Daniels|Daniels]] |1 |2 |1 |0 |- ![[Houston Thompson|Thompson]] |0 |1 |1 |0 |- ![[George L. Berry|Berry]] |0 |1.5 |0 |0 |- ![[Henry Tureman Allen|Allen]] |0 |1 |0 |0 |- ![[Charles W. Bryan|C.W. Bryan]] |0 |1 |0 |0 |- ![[Albert Ritchie|Ritchie]] |0.5 |0.5 |0 |0 |- ![[Robert Latham Owen|Owen]] |23 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[Homer Stille Cummings|Cummings]] |9 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[David F. Houston|Houston]] |9 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[Albert A. Murphree|Murphree]] |4 |0 |0 |0 |- ![[Newton D. Baker|Baker]] |1 |0 |0 |0 |} {| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed" ! colspan="5" | Vice Presidential Ballot |- ! First ballot !! before shifts !! after shifts |-Candidate||Before switches ||after |- |'''Governor [[Charles W. Bryan|C. W. Bryan]]'''||'''332'''||'''739''' |- |[[George L. Berry|'''George Berry''']]||'''270.5'''||'''212''' |- |'''[[Bennett Clark]]'''||'''–'''||'''42''' |- |'''[[Lena Springs]]'''||'''42'''||'''18''' |- |'''Colonel [[Alvin Owsley]]'''||'''–'''||'''16''' |- |'''Governor George S. Silzer'''||'''–'''||'''10''' |- |'''Mayor [[John F. Hylan]]'''||'''109'''||'''6''' |- |'''Governor [[Jonathan M. Davis]]'''||'''–'''||'''4''' |} ===Progressive Party nomination=== {{Main|Progressive Party (United States, 1924–1934)}} [[File:Forward Art Section August 3 1924.jpg|thumb|right|Cover of ''[[Jewish Daily Forward|The Forward's]]'' art section, featuring Senators La Follette and Wheeler in the top left cormer, 3 Aug 1924]] {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%; text-align:center;" |- | style="background:#f1f1f1;" colspan="30"|<big>'''1924 Progressive Party ticket'''</big> |- ! style="width:3em; font-size:135%; background:#228B22; width:200px;"| [[Robert M. La Follette|{{color|white|Robert M. La Follette}}]] ! style="width:3em; font-size:135%; background:#228B22; width:200px;"| [[Burton K. Wheeler|{{color|white|Burton K. Wheeler}}]] |- style="color:#000000; font-size:100%;" | style="width:3em; font-size:100%; color:#000; background:#90EE90; width:200px;"|'''''for President''''' | style="width:3em; font-size:100%; color:#000; background:#90EE90; width:200px;"|'''''for Vice President''''' |- | [[File:Robert La Follette Sr crop.jpg|center|200x200px]] | [[File:BurtonKWheeler.jpg|center|200x200px]] |- | [[United States Senate|U.S. Senator]] from [[Wisconsin]]<br /><small>(1906–1925)</small> | [[United States Senate|U.S. Senator]] from [[Montana]]<br /><small>(1923–1947)</small> |- |} Senator [[Robert M. La Follette, Sr.|Robert M. La Follette]], who had left the Republican Party and formed his own political party, the Progressive Party, in Wisconsin, was so upset over both political parties choosing conservative candidates that he decided to run as a third-party candidate to give liberals from both parties an alternative. He thus accepted the presidential nomination of the [[Progressive Party (United States, 1924–1934)|Progressive Party]]. A longtime champion of [[Trade union|labor unions]], and an ardent foe of [[Big Business]], La Follette was a fiery orator who had dominated Wisconsin's political scene for more than two decades. Backed by radical farmers, the [[American Federation of Labor]] (AFL) labor unions, and [[Socialist Party of America|Socialists]], La Follette ran on a platform of nationalizing cigarette factories and other large industries. He also strongly supported increased taxation on the wealthy and the right of collective bargaining for factory workers. Despite a strong showing in labor strongholds and winning over 16% of the national popular vote, he carried only his home state of Wisconsin in the [[United States electoral college|electoral college]]. ==Results== [[File:PresidentialCounty1924MarginColorbrewer.gif|right|thumb|400px|Results by county explicitly indicating the margin of victory for the winning candidate. Shades of red are for Coolidge (Republican), shades of blue are for Davis (Democratic), shades of green are for "Other(s)" (Non-Democratic/Non-Republican), grey indicates zero recorded votes and white indicates territories not elevated to statehood.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9WaaAAAAIAAJ |title=The Presidential Vote, 1896-1932 – Google Books |publisher=Stanford University Press |access-date=August 12, 2014|year=1934|isbn=9780804716963 }}</ref>]] This was the first presidential election in which [[Indian Citizenship Act of 1924|all American Indians were recognized as citizens]] and allowed to vote. The total vote increased by 2,300,000 but, because of the great drawing power of the La Follette candidacy, both the Republican and Democratic totals were less. Largely because of the deep inroads made by La Follette in the Democratic vote, Davis polled 750,000 fewer votes than were cast for Cox in 1920. Coolidge polled 425,000 votes less than Harding had in 1920. Nonetheless, La Follette's appeal among liberal Democrats allowed Coolidge to achieve a 25.2 percent margin of victory over Davis in the popular vote (the second largest since 1824, and the largest in the last century). Davis's popular vote percentage of 28.8% remains the lowest of any Democratic presidential candidate (not counting [[John C. Breckinridge]]'s run on a [[Southern Democratic (United States)|Southern Democratic]] ticket in 1860, when the vote was split with [[Stephen A. Douglas]], the main Democratic candidate), albeit with several other candidates performing worse in the electoral college. Both La Follette and Davis had criticized the Ku Klux Klan during the campaign, but Coolidge did not speak on the issue despite pleas from black groups. ''[[The New York Times]]'' stated that "Either Mr. Coolidge holds his peace for mistaken reasons of policy and politics or he tolerates the Klan". [[Charles G. Dawes]] criticized the KKK on August 23, but his comments were criticized by Representative [[Fiorello La Guardia]] who stated that "General Dawes praised the Klan with faint damn".<ref name="book">{{cite book |last=Murphy |first=Paul |date=1974 |title=Political Parties In American History, Volume 3, 1890-present |publisher=[[G. P. Putnam's Sons]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=August 24, 1924 |title=General 'Opposed to' Klan; But Dawes Says But Many Join It in Interest of Law and Order |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1924/08/24/archives/general-opposed-to-klan-but-dawes-says-many-join-it-in-interest-of.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220126235808/https://www.nytimes.com/1924/08/24/archives/general-opposed-to-klan-but-dawes-says-many-join-it-in-interest-of.html |archive-date=January 26, 2022}}</ref> The "other" vote amounted to nearly five million, owing in largest part to the 4,832,614 votes cast for La Follette. This candidacy, like that of Roosevelt in 1912, altered the distribution of the vote throughout the country and particularly in eighteen states in the Middle and Far West. Unlike the Roosevelt vote of 1912, the La Follette vote included most of the Socialist strength. The La Follette vote was distributed over the nation, and in every state, but its greatest strength lay in the East North Central and West North Central sections. However, La Follette carried no section, and he was second in only two sections, the Mountain and Pacific areas. In twelve states, the La Follette vote was greater than that cast for Davis. In one of these states, Wisconsin, La Follette defeated the Republican ticket also, thus winning one state in the electoral college. The "other" vote led the poll in 235 counties, and practically all of these (225) gave La Follette a plurality. Four counties, three in the South, recorded zero votes, as against seven in 1920 – this decrease reflecting the Indian Citizenship Act. With most of the third-party vote united under La Follette's candidacy, the Prohibition Party dropped to less than a third of the popular vote percentage that it had earned four years prior. This was the end of the Prohibitionists as a significant political force; having regularly earned at least a percentage point of the popular vote since 1884, they would struggle to earn even a tenth of that number in the decades ahead as Prohibition became increasingly unpopular and was eventually repealed in 1933, though the party nominally continues to exist and contest presidential elections to this day. Davis won in 1,279 counties, which was 183 more than what Cox had received, and Coolidge failed to win in 377 counties that Harding had won in 1920. Coolidge's net vote totals in the twelve largest cities were less than Harding's with Coolidge only receiving 1,308,000 compared to Harding's 1,540,000.<ref name="book" /> The inroads of the La Follette candidacy upon the Democratic Party were in areas where Democratic county majorities had been infrequent in the Fourth Party System. At the same time, the inroads of La Follette's candidacy upon the Republican Party were in areas where in this national contest their candidate could afford to be second or third in the poll.<ref>The Presidential Vote, 1896-1932, Edgar E. Robinson, pg. 24</ref> Thus, Davis carried only the traditionally Democratic [[Solid South]] (except Kentucky), and Oklahoma; due to liberal Democrats voting for La Follette, Davis lost the popular vote to Coolidge by 25.2 percentage points. Only Warren Harding, who finished 26.2 points ahead of his nearest competitor in [[1920 United States presidential election|the previous election]], did better in this category in competition between multiple candidates (incumbent [[James Monroe]] was the only candidate in [[1820 United States presidential election|1820]] and thus took every vote). This was one of only three elections with more than two major candidates where any candidate received a majority of popular votes cast, the others being [[1832 United States presidential election|1832]] and [[1980 United States presidential election|1980]]. The combined vote for Davis and La Follette over the nation was exceeded by Coolidge by 2,500,000. Nevertheless, in thirteen states (four [[border states (American Civil War)|border]] and nine western), Coolidge received only a plurality. The Coolidge vote topped the poll, however, in thirty-five states, leaving the electoral vote for Davis in only twelve.<ref>''The Presidential Vote, 1896–1932'', Edgar E. Robinson, pg. 23</ref> All the states of the former [[Confederate States of America|Confederacy]] voted for Davis (plus Oklahoma), while all of the Union/postbellum states (except Wisconsin and Oklahoma) voted for Coolidge. It remains the last time anyone won the presidency without carrying a single former Confederate state. This was the last election in which Republicans won Massachusetts and Rhode Island until 1952. The Republicans did so well that they carried New York City, a feat they have not repeated since, and this was also the last election in which they carried [[Suffolk County, Massachusetts]]; [[Ramsey County, Minnesota]]; [[Costilla County, Colorado]]; [[Deer Lodge County, Montana]];<ref>Sullivan, Robert David; [http://www.americamagazine.org/content/unconventional-wisdom/how-red-and-blue-map-evolved-over-past-century ‘How the Red and Blue Map Evolved Over the Past Century’]; ''America Magazine'' in ''The National Catholic Review''; June 29, 2016</ref> or the [[City of St. Louis, Missouri]]. Davis did not carry any counties in twenty of the forty-eight states, two fewer than Cox during the previous election, but nonetheless, an ignominy approached since only by [[George McGovern]] in his landslide 1972 loss. Davis did not carry one county in any state bordering Canada or the Pacific. The election was the last time a Republican won the presidency without Florida, Oklahoma, and Tennessee. It was the first time ever that a Republican won without Wisconsin. 4.43% of Coolidge's votes came from the eleven states of the former Confederacy, with him taking 27.94% of the vote in that region while La Follette took 4.80.{{sfn|Sherman|1973|p=263}} This election was the last time the Democratic nominee for vice president was a sitting governor until [[2024 United States presidential election|2024]]. This was also the last election that neither major party nominee was from New York until [[1956 United States presidential election|1956]]. [[File: United States Electoral College 1924.svg]] {{start U.S. presidential ticket box| pv_footnote=| ev_footnote=}} {{U.S. presidential ticket box row| name=[[Calvin Coolidge]] (incumbent)| party=[[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]| state=[[Massachusetts]]| pv=15,723,789| pv_pct=54.04%| ev=382| vp_name=[[Charles G. Dawes]]| vp_state=[[Illinois]]}} {{U.S. presidential ticket box row| name=[[John W. Davis]]| party=[[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]| state=[[West Virginia]]| pv=8,386,242| pv_pct=28.82%| ev=136| vp_name=[[Charles W. Bryan]]| vp_state=[[Nebraska]]}} {{U.S. presidential ticket box row| name=[[Robert M. La Follette]]| party=[[Progressive Party (United States, 1924–1934)|Progressive]]-[[Socialist Party of America|Socialist]]-[[Farmer–Labor Party|Farmer–Labor]]| state=[[Wisconsin]]| pv=4,831,706| pv_pct=16.61%| ev=13| vp_name=[[Burton K. Wheeler]]| vp_state=[[Montana]]}} {{U.S. presidential ticket box row| name=[[Herman P. Faris]]| party=[[Prohibition Party|Prohibition]]| state=[[Missouri]]| pv=55,951| pv_pct=0.19%| ev=0| vp_name=[[Marie C. Brehm]]|vp_state=[[California]]}} {{U.S. presidential ticket box row| name=[[William Z. Foster]]| party=[[Communist Party USA|Communist]]| state=Massachusetts| pv=38,669| pv_pct=0.13%| ev=0| vp_name=[[Benjamin Gitlow]]| vp_state=[[New York (state)|New York]]}} {{U.S. presidential ticket box row| name=[[Frank T. Johns]]| party=[[Socialist Labor Party of America|Socialist Labor]]| state=[[Oregon]]| pv=28,633| pv_pct=0.10%| ev=0| vp_name=[[Verne L. Reynolds]]| vp_state=New York}} {{U.S. presidential ticket box row| name=[[Gilbert Nations]]| party=[[American Party (1924)|American]]| state=[[District of Columbia]]| pv=24,325| pv_pct=0.08%| ev=0| vp_name=[[Charles Hiram Randall]]| vp_state=California}} {{U.S. presidential ticket box other| footnote=| pv=7,792| pv_pct=0.03%}} {{end U.S. presidential ticket box| pv=29,097,107| ev=531| to_win=266}} '''Source (Popular Vote):''' {{Leip PV source 2| year=1924| as of=September 12, 2012}} '''Source (Electoral Vote):''' {{National Archives EV source| year=1924| as of=July 31, 2005}} {{bar box |title=Popular vote |titlebar=#ddd |width=600px |barwidth=410px |bars= {{bar percent|'''Coolidge'''|{{party color|Republican Party (US)}}|54.04}} {{bar percent|Davis|{{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}|28.82}} {{bar percent|La Follette|#0BDA51|16.61}} {{bar percent|Others|#777777|0.53}} }} {{bar box |title=Electoral vote |titlebar=#ddd |width=600px |barwidth=410px |bars= {{bar percent|'''Coolidge'''|{{party color|Republican Party (US)}}|71.94}} {{bar percent|Davis|{{party color|Democratic Party (US)}}|25.61}} {{bar percent|La Follette|#0BDA51|2.45}} }} ===Geography of results=== <gallery perrow="3" widths="500px" heights="317px"> Image:1924 United States presidential election results map by county.svg|Results by county, shaded according to winning candidate's percentage of the vote </gallery> ====Cartographic gallery==== [[File:1924 Electoral Map.png|650px|thumb|left]] <gallery perrow="4" widths="200px" heights="157px"> Image:PresidentialCounty1924Colorbrewer.gif|Map of presidential election results by county Image:RepublicanPresidentialCounty1924Colorbrewer.gif|Map of Republican presidential election results by county Image:DemocraticPresidentialCounty1924Colorbrewer.gif|Map of Democratic presidential election results by county Image:OtherPresidentialCounty1924Colorbrewer.gif|Map of "other" presidential election results by county Image:CartogramPresidentialCounty1924Colorbrewer.gif|[[Cartogram]] of presidential election results by county Image:CartogramRepublicanPresidentialCounty1924Colorbrewer.gif|Cartogram of Republican presidential election results by county Image:CartogramDemocraticPresidentialCounty1924Colorbrewer.gif|Cartogram of Democratic presidential election results by county Image:CartogramOtherPresidentialCounty1924Colorbrewer.gif|Cartogram of "other" presidential election results by county </gallery> ===Results by state=== Source:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/data.php?year=1924&datatype=national&def=1&f=0&off=0&elect=0|title=1924 Presidential General Election Data - National|website=Uselectionatlas.org|access-date=March 18, 2013}}</ref> {|class="wikitable" |-{{Party shading/Democratic}} |States/districts won by [[John W. Davis|Davis]]/[[Charles W. Bryan|Bryan]] |-{{Party shading/Progressive (Wisconsin)}} |States/districts won by [[Robert M. La Follette|La Follette]]/[[Burton K. Wheeler|Wheeler]] |-{{Party shading/Republican}} |States/districts won by [[Calvin Coolidge|Coolidge]]/[[Charles G. Dawes|Dawes]] |}<div style="overflow:auto"> {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right" |- ! colspan=2 | ! align=center colspan=3 | Calvin Coolidge<br />Republican ! align=center colspan=3 | John W. Davis<br />Democratic ! align=center colspan=3 | Robert La Follette<br />Progressive ! align=center colspan=3 | Herman Faris<br />Prohibition ! align=center colspan=3 | William Foster<br />Communist ! align=center colspan=3 | Frank Johns<br />Socialist Labor ! align=center colspan=2 | Margin ! align=center colspan=2 | State Total |- ! align=center | State ! style="text-align:center; font-size: 60%" data-sort-type="number" | electoral<br />votes ! align=center data-sort-type="number" | # ! align=center data-sort-type="number" | % ! style="text-align:center; font-size: 60%" data-sort-type="number" | electoral<br />votes ! align=center data-sort-type="number" | # ! align=center data-sort-type="number" | % ! style="text-align:center; font-size: 60%" data-sort-type="number" | electoral<br />votes ! align=center data-sort-type="number" | # ! align=center data-sort-type="number" | % ! style="text-align:center; font-size: 60%" data-sort-type="number" | electoral<br />votes ! align=center data-sort-type="number" | # ! align=center data-sort-type="number" | % ! style="text-align:center; font-size: 60%" data-sort-type="number" | electoral<br />votes ! align=center data-sort-type="number" | # ! align=center data-sort-type="number" | % ! style="text-align:center; font-size: 60%" data-sort-type="number" | electoral<br />votes ! align=center data-sort-type="number" | # ! align=center data-sort-type="number" | % ! style="text-align:center; font-size: 60%" data-sort-type="number" | electoral<br />votes ! align=center data-sort-type="number" | # ! align=center data-sort-type="number" | % ! style="text-align:center; font-size: 60%" data-sort-type="number" | # ! |-{{Party shading/Democratic}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in Alabama|Alabama]] | style="text-align:center;" | 12 | 45,005 | 27.01 | - | 112,966 | 67.81 | 12 | 8,084 | 4.85 | - | 538 | 0.32 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | -67,961 | -40.79 | 166,593 | style="text-align:center;" | AL |-{{Party shading/Republican}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in Arizona|Arizona]] | style="text-align:center;" | 3 | 30,516 | 41.26 | 3 | 26,235 | 35.47 | - | 17,210 | 23.27 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 4,281 | 5.79 | 73,961 | style="text-align:center;" | AZ |-{{Party shading/Democratic}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in Arkansas|Arkansas]] | style="text-align:center;" | 9 | 40,564 | 29.28 | - | 84,795 | 61.21 | 9 | 13,173 | 9.51 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | -44,231 | -31.93 | 138,532 | style="text-align:center;" | AR |-{{Party shading/Republican}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in California|California]] | style="text-align:center;" | 13 | 733,250 | 57.20 | 13 | 105,514 | 8.23 | - | 424,649 | 33.13 | - | 18,365 | 1.43 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 308,601 | 24.07 | 1,281,900 | style="text-align:center;" | CA |-{{Party shading/Republican}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in Colorado|Colorado]] | style="text-align:center;" | 6 | 195,171 | 57.02 | 6 | 75,238 | 21.98 | - | 69,945 | 20.44 | - | 966 | 0.28 | - | 562 | 0.16 | - | 378 | 0.11 | - | 119,933 | 35.04 | 342,260 | style="text-align:center;" | CO |-{{Party shading/Republican}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in Connecticut|Connecticut]] | style="text-align:center;" | 7 | 246,322 | 61.54 | 7 | 110,184 | 27.53 | - | 42,416 | 10.60 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1,373 | 0.34 | - | 136,138 | 34.01 | 400,295 | style="text-align:center;" | CT |-{{Party shading/Republican}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in Delaware|Delaware]] | style="text-align:center;" | 3 | 52,441 | 57.70 | 3 | 33,445 | 36.80 | - | 4,979 | 5.48 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 18,996 | 20.90 | 90,885 | style="text-align:center;" | DE |-{{Party shading/Democratic}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in Florida|Florida]] | style="text-align:center;" | 6 | 30,633 | 28.06 | - | 62,083 | 56.88 | 6 | 8,625 | 7.90 | - | 5,498 | 5.04 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | -31,450 | -28.81 | 109,154 | style="text-align:center;" | FL |-{{Party shading/Democratic}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in Georgia|Georgia]] | style="text-align:center;" | 14 | 30,300 | 18.19 | - | 123,200 | 73.96 | 14 | 12,691 | 7.62 | - | 231 | 0.14 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | -92,900 | -55.77 | 166,577 | style="text-align:center;" | GA |-{{Party shading/Republican}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in Idaho|Idaho]] | style="text-align:center;" | 4 | 69,879 | 47.12 | 4 | 24,256 | 16.36 | - | 54,160 | 36.52 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 15,719 | 10.60 | 148,295 | style="text-align:center;" | ID |-{{Party shading/Republican}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in Illinois|Illinois]] | style="text-align:center;" | 29 | 1,453,321 | 58.84 | 29 | 576,975 | 23.36 | - | 432,027 | 17.49 | - | 2,367 | 0.10 | - | 2,622 | 0.11 | - | 2,334 | 0.09 | - | 876,346 | 35.48 | 2,470,067 | style="text-align:center;" | IL |-{{Party shading/Republican}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in Indiana|Indiana]] | style="text-align:center;" | 15 | 703,042 | 55.25 | 15 | 492,245 | 38.69 | - | 71,700 | 5.64 | - | 4,416 | 0.35 | - | 987 | 0.08 | - | - | - | - | 210,797 | 16.57 | 1,272,390 | style="text-align:center;" | IN |-{{Party shading/Republican}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in Iowa|Iowa]] | style="text-align:center;" | 13 | 537,635 | 55.03 | 13 | 162,600 | 16.64 | - | 272,243 | 27.87 | - | - | - | - | 4,037 | 0.41 | - | - | - | - | 265,392 | 27.17 | 976,960 | style="text-align:center;" | IA |-{{Party shading/Republican}} | style="text-align:center;" |[[1924 United States presidential election in Kansas|Kansas]] | style="text-align:center;" | 10 | 407,671 | 61.54 | 10 | 156,319 | 23.60 | - | 98,461 | 14.86 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 251,352 | 37.94 | 662,454 | style="text-align:center;" | KS |-{{Party shading/Republican}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in Kentucky|Kentucky]] | style="text-align:center;" | 13 | 398,966 | 48.93 | 13 | 374,855 | 45.98 | - | 38,465 | 4.72 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1,499 | 0.18 | - | 24,111 | 2.96 | 815,332 | style="text-align:center;" | KY |-{{Party shading/Democratic}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in Louisiana|Louisiana]] | style="text-align:center;" | 10 | 24,670 | 20.23 | - | 93,218 | 76.44 | 10 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | -68,548 | -56.21 | 121,951 | style="text-align:center;" | LA |-{{Party shading/Republican}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in Maine|Maine]] | style="text-align:center;" | 6 | 138,440 | 72.03 | 6 | 41,964 | 21.83 | - | 11,382 | 5.92 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 406 | 0.21 | - | 96,476 | 50.20 | 192,192 | style="text-align:center;" | ME |-{{Party shading/Republican}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in Maryland|Maryland]] | style="text-align:center;" | 8 | 162,414 | 45.29 | 8 | 148,072 | 41.29 | - | 47,157 | 13.15 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 987 | 0.28 | - | 14,342 | 4.00 | 358,630 | style="text-align:center;" | MD |-{{Party shading/Republican}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in Massachusetts|Massachusetts]] | style="text-align:center;" | 18 | 703,476 | 62.26 | 18 | 280,831 | 24.86 | - | 141,225 | 12.50 | - | - | - | - | 2,635 | 0.23 | - | 1,668 | 0.15 | - | 422,645 | 37.41 | 1,129,837 | style="text-align:center;" | MA |-{{Party shading/Republican}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in Michigan|Michigan]] | style="text-align:center;" | 15 | 874,631 | 75.37 | 15 | 152,359 | 13.13 | - | 122,014 | 10.51 | - | 6,085 | 0.52 | - | 5,330 | 0.46 | - | - | - | - | 722,272 | 62.24 | 1,160,419 | style="text-align:center;" | MI |-{{Party shading/Republican}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in Minnesota|Minnesota]] | style="text-align:center;" | 12 | 420,759 | 51.18 | 12 | 55,913 | 6.80 | - | 339,192 | 41.26 | - | - | - | - | 4,427 | 0.54 | - | 1,855 | 0.23 | - | 81,567 | 9.92 | 822,146 | style="text-align:center;" | MN |-{{Party shading/Democratic}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in Mississippi|Mississippi]] | style="text-align:center;" | 10 | 8,494 | 7.55 | - | 100,474 | 89.34 | 10 | 3,494 | 3.11 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | -91,980 | -81.79 | 112,462 | style="text-align:center;" | MS |-{{Party shading/Republican}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in Missouri|Missouri]] | style="text-align:center;" | 18 | 648,486 | 49.58 | 18 | 572,753 | 43.79 | - | 84,160 | 6.43 | - | 1,418 | 0.11 | - | - | - | - | 883 | 0.07 | - | 75,733 | 5.79 | 1,307,958 | style="text-align:center;" | MO |-{{Party shading/Republican}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in Montana|Montana]] | style="text-align:center;" | 4 | 74,138 | 42.50 | 4 | 33,805 | 19.38 | - | 66,123 | 37.91 | - | - | - | - | 357 | 0.20 | - | - | - | - | 8,015 | 4.60 | 174,423 | style="text-align:center;" | MT |-{{Party shading/Republican}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in Nebraska|Nebraska]] | style="text-align:center;" | 8 | 218,585 | 47.09 | 8 | 137,289 | 29.58 | - | 106,701 | 22.99 | - | 1,594 | 0.34 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 81,296 | 17.51 | 464,173 | style="text-align:center;" | NE |-{{Party shading/Republican}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in Nevada|Nevada]] | style="text-align:center;" | 3 | 11,243 | 41.76 | 3 | 5,909 | 21.95 | - | 9,769 | 36.29 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1,474 | 5.48 | 26,921 | style="text-align:center;" | NV |-{{Party shading/Republican}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in New Hampshire|New Hampshire]] | style="text-align:center;" | 4 | 98,575 | 59.83 | 4 | 57,201 | 34.72 | - | 8,993 | 5.46 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 41,374 | 25.11 | 164,769 | style="text-align:center;" | NH |-{{Party shading/Republican}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in New Jersey|New Jersey]] | style="text-align:center;" | 14 | 675,162 | 62.17 | 14 | 297,743 | 27.41 | - | 108,901 | 10.03 | - | 1,337 | 0.12 | - | 1,540 | 0.14 | - | 819 | 0.08 | - | 377,419 | 34.75 | 1,086,079 | style="text-align:center;" | NJ |-{{Party shading/Republican}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in New Mexico|New Mexico]] | style="text-align:center;" | 3 | 54,745 | 48.52 | 3 | 48,542 | 43.02 | - | 9,543 | 8.46 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 6,203 | 5.50 | 112,830 | style="text-align:center;" | NM |-{{Party shading/Republican}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in New York|New York]] | style="text-align:center;" | 45 | 1,820,058 | 55.76 | 45 | 950,796 | 29.13 | - | 474,913 | 14.55 | - | - | - | - | 8,244 | 0.25 | - | 9,928 | 0.30 | - | 869,262 | 26.63 | 3,263,939 | style="text-align:center;" | NY |-{{Party shading/Democratic}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in North Carolina|North Carolina]] | style="text-align:center;" | 12 | 191,753 | 39.73 | - | 284,270 | 58.89 | 12 | 6,651 | 1.38 | - | 13 | 0.00 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | -92,517 | -19.17 | 482,687 | style="text-align:center;" | NC |-{{Party shading/Republican}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in North Dakota|North Dakota]] | style="text-align:center;" | 5 | 94,931 | 47.68 | 5 | 13,858 | 6.96 | - | 89,922 | 45.17 | - | - | - | - | 370 | 0.19 | - | - | - | - | 5,009 | 2.52 | 199,081 | style="text-align:center;" | ND |-{{Party shading/Republican}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in Ohio|Ohio]] | style="text-align:center;" | 24 | 1,176,130 | 58.33 | 24 | 477,888 | 23.70 | - | 357,948 | 17.75 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 3,025 | 0.15 | - | 698,242 | 34.63 | 2,016,237 | style="text-align:center;" | OH |-{{Party shading/Democratic}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in Oklahoma|Oklahoma]] | style="text-align:center;" | 10 | 226,242 | 42.82 | - | 255,798 | 48.41 | 10 | 46,375 | 8.78 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | -29,556 | -5.59 | 528,415 | style="text-align:center;" | OK |-{{Party shading/Republican}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in Oregon|Oregon]] | style="text-align:center;" | 5 | 142,579 | 51.01 | 5 | 67,589 | 24.18 | - | 68,403 | 24.47 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 917 | 0.33 | - | 74,176 | 26.54 | 279,488 | style="text-align:center;" | OR |-{{Party shading/Republican}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania|Pennsylvania]] | style="text-align:center;" | 38 | 1,401,481 | 65.34 | 38 | 409,192 | 19.08 | - | 307,567 | 14.34 | - | 9,779 | 0.46 | - | 2,735 | 0.13 | - | 634 | 0.03 | - | 992,289 | 46.26 | 2,144,850 | style="text-align:center;" | PA |-{{Party shading/Republican}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in Rhode Island|Rhode Island]] | style="text-align:center;" | 5 | 125,286 | 59.63 | 5 | 76,606 | 36.46 | - | 7,628 | 3.63 | - | - | - | - | 289 | 0.14 | - | 268 | 0.13 | - | 48,680 | 23.17 | 210,115 | style="text-align:center;" | RI |-{{Party shading/Democratic}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in South Carolina|South Carolina]] | style="text-align:center;" | 9 | 1,123 | 2.21 | - | 49,008 | 96.56 | 9 | 620 | 1.22 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | -47,885 | -94.35 | 50,752 | style="text-align:center;" | SC |-{{Party shading/Republican}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in South Dakota|South Dakota]] | style="text-align:center;" | 5 | 101,299 | 49.69 | 5 | 27,214 | 13.35 | - | 75,355 | 36.96 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 25,944 | 12.73 | 203,868 | style="text-align:center;" | SD |-{{Party shading/Democratic}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in Tennessee|Tennessee]] | style="text-align:center;" | 12 | 130,882 | 43.59 | - | 158,537 | 52.80 | 12 | 10,656 | 3.55 | - | 100 | 0.03 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | -27,655 | -9.21 | 300,275 | style="text-align:center;" | TN |-{{Party shading/Democratic}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in Texas|Texas]] | style="text-align:center;" | 20 | 130,023 | 19.78 | - | 484,605 | 73.70 | 20 | 42,881 | 6.52 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | -354,582 | -53.93 | 657,509 | style="text-align:center;" | TX |-{{Party shading/Republican}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in Utah|Utah]] | style="text-align:center;" | 4 | 77,327 | 49.26 | 4 | 47,001 | 29.94 | - | 32,662 | 20.81 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 30,326 | 19.32 | 156,990 | style="text-align:center;" | UT |-{{Party shading/Republican}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in Vermont|Vermont]] | style="text-align:center;" | 4 | 80,498 | 78.22 | 4 | 16,124 | 15.67 | - | 5,964 | 5.79 | - | 326 | 0.32 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 64,374 | 62.55 | 102,917 | style="text-align:center;" | VT |-{{Party shading/Democratic}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in Virginia|Virginia]] | style="text-align:center;" | 12 | 73,312 | 32.79 | - | 139,716 | 62.48 | 12 | 10,377 | 4.64 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 197 | 0.09 | - | -66,404 | -29.70 | 223,602 | style="text-align:center;" | VA |-{{Party shading/Republican}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in Washington (state)|Washington]] | style="text-align:center;" | 7 | 220,224 | 52.24 | 7 | 42,842 | 10.16 | - | 150,727 | 35.76 | - | - | - | - | 761 | 0.18 | - | 1,004 | 0.24 | - | 69,497 | 16.49 | 421,549 | style="text-align:center;" | WA |-{{Party shading/Republican}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in West Virginia|West Virginia]] | style="text-align:center;" | 8 | 288,635 | 49.45 | 8 | 257,232 | 44.07 | - | 36,723 | 6.29 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 31,403 | 5.38 | 583,662 | style="text-align:center;" | WV |-{{Party shading/Progressive (Wisconsin)}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in Wisconsin|Wisconsin]] | style="text-align:center;" | 13 | 311,614 | 37.06 | - | 68,115 | 8.10 | - | 453,678 | 53.96 | 13 | 2,918 | 0.35 | - | 3,773 | 0.45 | - | 458 | 0.05 | - | -142,064 | -16.90 | 840,826 | style="text-align:center;" | WI |-{{Party shading/Republican}} | style="text-align:center;" | [[1924 United States presidential election in Wyoming|Wyoming]] | style="text-align:center;" | 3 | 41,858 | 52.39 | 3 | 12,868 | 16.11 | - | 25,174 | 31.51 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 16,684 | 20.88 | 79,900 | style="text-align:center;" | WY |- ! TOTALS: ! 531 ! 15,723,789 ! 54.04 ! 382 ! 8,386,242 ! 28.82 ! 136 ! 4,831,706 ! 16.61 ! 13 ! 55,951 ! 0.19 ! - ! 38,669 ! 0.13 ! - ! 28,633 ! 0.10 ! - ! 7,337,547 ! 25.22 ! 29,097,107 | style="text-align:center;" | US |}</div> ====States that flipped from Republican to Democratic==== *[[Oklahoma]] *[[Tennessee]] ====States that flipped from Democratic to Republican==== *[[Kentucky]] ====States that flipped from Republican to Progressive==== *[[Wisconsin]] ====Close states==== Margin of victory less than 5% (30 electoral votes): #<span style="color:red;">'''North Dakota, 2.52% (5,009 votes)'''</span> #<span style="color:red;">'''Kentucky, 2.96% (24,111 votes)'''</span> #<span style="color:red;">'''Maryland, 4.00% (14,342 votes)'''</span> #<span style="color:red;">'''Montana, 4.60% (8,015 votes)'''</span> Margin of victory between 5% and 10% (69 electoral votes): #<span style="color:red;">'''West Virginia, 5.38% (31,403 votes)'''</span> #<span style="color:red;">'''Nevada, 5.48% (1,474 votes)'''</span> #<span style="color:red;">'''New Mexico, 5.50% (6,203 votes)'''</span> #<span style="color:blue;">'''Oklahoma, 5.59% (29,556 votes)'''</span> #<span style="color:red;">'''Arizona, 5.79% (4,281 votes)'''</span> #<span style="color:red;">'''Missouri, 5.79% (75,733 votes)'''</span> #<span style="color:blue;">'''Tennessee, 9.21% (27,655 votes)'''</span> #<span style="color:red;">'''Minnesota, 9.92% (81,567 votes)'''</span> Tipping point state: #<span style="color:red;">'''Nebraska, 17.51% (81,296 votes)'''</span> (tipping point state for a Coolidge victory) #<span style="color:red;">'''New York, 26.63% (869,262 votes)'''</span> (tipping point state for a Davis victory) #<span style="color:red;">'''Pennsylvania, 51.00% (1,093,914 votes)'''</span> (tipping point state for a La Follette victory) ====Statistics==== Counties with Highest Percent of Vote (Republican) #'''<span style="color:red;">[[Johnson County, Tennessee]] 91.32%</span>''' #'''<span style="color:red;">[[Keweenaw County, Michigan]] 91.15%</span>''' #'''<span style="color:red;">[[Shannon County, South Dakota]] 88.89%</span>'''<!-- now Oglala Lakota County, but the name change happened in 2015, so don't change it --> #'''<span style="color:red;">[[Leslie County, Kentucky]] 88.83%</span>''' #'''<span style="color:red;">[[Windsor County, Vermont]] 88.43%</span>''' Counties with Highest Percent of Vote (Democratic) #'''<span style="color:blue;">[[Edgefield County, South Carolina]] 100.00%</span>''' #'''<span style="color:blue;">[[Marlboro County, South Carolina]] 100.00%</span>''' #'''<span style="color:blue;">[[Kershaw County, South Carolina]] 99.86%</span>''' #'''<span style="color:blue;">[[Horry County, South Carolina]] 99.70%</span>''' #'''<span style="color:blue;">[[Marion County, South Carolina]] 99.68%</span>''' Counties with Highest Percent of Vote (Progressive) #'''<span style="color:green;">[[Comal County, Texas]] 73.96%</span>''' #'''<span style="color:green;">[[Mercer County, North Dakota]] 71.38%</span>''' #'''<span style="color:green;">[[Shawano County, Wisconsin]] 70.69%</span>''' #'''<span style="color:green;">[[Hutchinson County, South Dakota]] 70.38%</span>''' #'''<span style="color:green;">[[Calumet County, Wisconsin]] 69.42%</span>''' ==Notes== {{notelist}} ==See also== *[[History of the United States (1918–1945)]] *[[Progressive Era]] *[[1924 United States Senate elections]] *[[1924 United States House of Representatives elections]] *[[Second inauguration of Calvin Coolidge]] ==References== {{Reflist}} ==Works cited== * {{cite book|last=Sherman |first=Richard |title=The Republican Party and Black America From McKinley to Hoover 1896-1933 |publisher=[[University of Virginia Press]] |date=1973 |isbn=0813904676}} ==Further reading== {{Further|1920 United States elections#Further reading}} * Burner, David. ''The Politics of Provincialism: The Democratic Party in Transition, 1918-1932'' (1968) * Chalmers, David. "The Ku Klux Klan in politics in the 1920's." ''Mississippi Quarterly'' 18.4 (1965): 234-247 [https://www.jstor.org/stable/26473702 online]. *Craig, Douglas B. ''After Wilson: The Struggle for the Democratic Party, 1920-1934'' (1993) * Davies, Gareth, and Julian E. Zelizer, eds. ''America at the Ballot Box: Elections and Political History'' (2015) pp. 139–52. *{{cite book |title=Republican Ascendancy 1921-1933 |last=Hicks |first=John Donald |year=1955 |publisher=Harper and Row |location=New York |isbn=0-06-011885-7 }} * Goldberg, David J. "Unmasking the Ku Klux Klan: The northern movement against the KKK, 1920-1925." ''Journal of American Ethnic History'' (1996): 32-48 [https://www.jstor.org/stable/27502105 online]. *{{cite book |title=The Progressive Movement of 1924 |last=MacKay |first=K. C. |year=1947 |publisher=Octagon Books |location=New York |isbn=0-374-95244-2 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/progressivemovem00mack }} * McVeigh, Rory. "Power Devaluation, the Ku Klux Klan, and the Democratic National Convention of 1924." ''Sociological Forum'' 16#1 (2001) [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1007655818083 abstract]. *{{cite book |title=Calvin Coolidge: The Quiet President |url=https://archive.org/details/calvincoolidgequ00mcco |url-access=registration |last=McCoy |first=Donald R. |year=1967 |publisher=Macmillan |location=New York |isbn=0-7006-0350-6 }} * Martinson, David L. "Coverage of La Follette Offers Insights for 1972 Campaign." ''Journalism Quarterly'' 52.3 (1975): 539–542. *{{cite book |title=The 103rd Ballot: Democrats and Disaster in Madison Square Garden |last=Murray |first=Robert K. |year=1976 |publisher=Harper and Row |location=New York |isbn=0-06-013124-1 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/103rdballotdemoc0000murr }} * Prude, James C. "William Gibbs McAdoo and the Democratic National Convention of 1924." ''Journal of Southern History'' 38.4 (1972): 621-628 [https://www.jstor.org/stable/2206152 online]. * Ranson, Edward. ''The Role of Radio in the American Presidential Election of 1924: How a New Communications Technology Shapes the Political Process'' (Edwin Mellen Press; 2010) 165 pages. Looks at Coolidge as a radio personality, and how radio figured in the campaign, the national conventions, and the election result. * Tucker, Garland S., III. ''The high tide of American conservatism: Davis, Coolidge, and the 1924 election'' (2010) [https://archive.org/details/hightideofameric00garl online] *{{cite book |title=Fighting Bob La Follette: The Righteous Reformer |last=Unger |first=Nancy C. |year=2000 |publisher=University of North Carolina Press |location=Chapel Hill |isbn=0-8078-2545-X |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/fightingboblafol00unge_0 }} === Primary sources === * Chester, Edward W ''A guide to political platforms'' (1977) [https://archive.org/details/guidetopolitical0000ches online] * Porter, Kirk H. and Donald Bruce Johnson, eds. ''National party platforms, 1840-1964'' (1965) [https://archive.org/details/nationalpartypla00port online 1840-1956] ==External links== {{Commons category}} *[http://geoelections.free.fr/USA/elec_comtes/1924.htm 1924 popular vote by counties] * [http://www.countingthevotes.com/1924/ Election of 1924 in Counting the Votes] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190304165834/http://www.countingthevotes.com/1924 |date=March 4, 2019 }} {{1924 United States elections}} {{United States presidential election, 1924}} {{State Results of the 1924 U.S. presidential election}} {{USPresidentialElections}} {{US Third Party Election}} {{Socialist Party of America}} {{Calvin Coolidge}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:1924 United States presidential election| ]] [[Category:Presidency of Calvin Coolidge]] [[Category:Calvin Coolidge]] [[Category:Charles Dawes]] [[Category:1924 in American politics]] [[Category:November 1924 in the United States]] [[Category:Robert M. La Follette]]
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