Editing 1920 in literature

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{{Year nav topic5|1920|literature|poetry}}

This article contains information about the literary events and publications of '''1920'''.
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==Events==
*[[February 2]] – ''[[Beyond the Horizon (play)|Beyond the Horizon]]'', [[Eugene O'Neill]]'s second full-length play, opens with a [[Morosco Theatre]] matinée in New York City, partly as a producer's experiment and partly to quiet the actor [[Richard Bennett (actor)|Richard Bennett]], who sought to play the lead. Reviewers hail the play and O'Neill gains fame.<ref>{{cite book|title=New York City, Proposed Times Square Hotel UDAG: Environmental Impact Statement|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3KI4AQAAMAAJ&pg=SA4-PA33|year=1981|pages=4}}</ref>
*[[February 27]] – An inaugural meeting of the [[Bloomsbury Group]]'s Memoir Club is arranged by [[Mary MacCarthy]] in London.<ref>{{Cite book |title=The Bloomsbury Group Memoir Club |first=S. P. |last=Rosenbaum |location=London |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |year=2014 |isbn=9781137360359}}</ref>
*Spring – The poet [[Anton Podbevšek]] and others organize the [[Novo Mesto]] Spring (''Novomeška pomlad'') event, the beginning of [[Slovenes|Slovenian]] [[Modernism]].
*[[March 15]] – ''[[The Blue Flame (play)|The Blue Flame]]'', a four-act play by [[George V. Hobart]] and [[John Willard]] after Leta Vance Nicholson, opens at the [[Shubert Theatre (New York City)]] on [[Broadway theatre|Broadway]] before a year's U.S. tour. Though described by a critic as "one of the worst plays ever written,"<ref>{{Cite book |last=Morehouse |first=Ward |author-link=Ward Morehouse |title=Matinee Tomorrow: Fifty Years of Our Theater |location=New York |publisher=Whittlesey House |year=1949 |page=175}}</ref> it is a commercial success, largely due to [[Theda Bara]] as the central character of a [[Vamp (woman)|vamp]].
*[[March 22]] – [[Federico García Lorca]]'s first play, ''[[The Butterfly's Evil Spell]] (El maleficio de la mariposa)'' is poorly received at its première in Madrid.
*[[March 26]] – ''[[This Side of Paradise]]'' by [[F. Scott Fitzgerald]] sets him up as a writer and celebrity. An initial 3,000 copies sell out in three days. The book's reputation dims in later years, but [[Dorothy Parker]] will recall that it was seen as innovative when it first appeared.
*April
**[[Hart Crane]] publishes his poem "My Grandmother's Love Letters" in ''[[The Dial]]'', his first major move toward recognition as a poet.
**The [[pulp magazine]] ''[[Black Mask (magazine)|Black Mask]]'' is launched in New York City as "An Illustrated Magazine of Detective Mystery, Adventure, Romance, and Spiritualism" by journalist [[H. L. Mencken]] and drama critic [[George Jean Nathan]].
[[Image:Fitzgerald, Saturday evening post.png|thumb|right|link=Bernice Bobs Her Hair|upright=0.8|[[F. Scott Fitzgerald]]'s story "[[Bernice Bobs Her Hair]]" was published in May 1920.]]
*[[April 3]] – [[F. Scott Fitzgerald]] marries [[Zelda Sayre]] in the rectory of [[St. Patrick's Cathedral (Manhattan)]].<ref>{{cite book | last = Bruccoli | first = Matthew J. | author-link = Matthew J. Bruccoli | title = Some Sort of Epic Grandeur: The Life of F. Scott Fitzgerald | edition = 2nd rev. | year = 2002 | orig-year = 1981 | publisher = [[University of South Carolina Press]] | location = Columbia, South Carolina | url = https://archive.org/details/somesortofepicgr0000bruc_p7y5 | via = Internet Archive | url-access = registration | isbn = 1-57003-455-9 | author-mask=11|page=128}}</ref> 
*[[May 1]] – F. Scott Fitzgerald's short story "[[Bernice Bobs Her Hair]]" appears in the [[Saturday Evening Post]] and on the magazine's cover, illustrated by artist [[Norman Rockwell]].
*July – [[Krishna Lal Adhikari]]'s ''[[Makaiko Kheti]]'' (The Cultivation of Maize) is published in [[Nepal]]; following claims that it contains "mischievous expressions to treason", the author is sentenced on August 2 to nine years in prison (where he will die in 1923) and all known copies of the book are destroyed.<ref>{{cite web|date=2015-07-02|title=The Book on Makai Parba|url=https://www.spotlightnepal.com/2015/07/02/the-book-on-makai-parba/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201005165853/https://www.spotlightnepal.com/2015/07/02/the-book-on-makai-parba/|archive-date=2020-10-05|access-date=2020-10-06|website=SpotlightNepal|language=en}}</ref>
*[[August 22]] – The [[Salzburg Festival]] in Austria is inaugurated with a performance of [[Hugo von Hofmannsthal]]'s play ''[[Jedermann (play)|Jedermann]]'' (Everyman, 1911) in front of [[Salzburg Cathedral]], directed by [[Max Reinhardt]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Michael P. Steinberg|title=The Meaning of the Salzburg Festival: Austria as Theater and Ideology, 1890-1938|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=epOfAAAAMAAJ|year=1990|publisher=Cornell University Press|isbn=978-0-8014-2362-8|page=164}}</ref>
*October – [[Agatha Christie]]'s first novel, ''[[The Mysterious Affair at Styles]]'', appears in the U.S., introducing her long-running Belgian detective [[Hercule Poirot]] in the setting of an [[English country house]]. The book is published in the U.K. on January 21, [[1921 in literature|1921]].
*[[November 1]] – Eugene O'Neill's ''[[The Emperor Jones]]'' plays at the [[Provincetown Playhouse|Playwright's Theater]] in New York City with [[Charles Sidney Gilpin]] in the title role.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.eoneill.com/reviews/jones_frank.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060620101207/http://eoneill.com/reviews/jones_frank.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=June 20, 2006 |title=''The Emperor Jones'' by Eugene O'Neill |first=Glenda |last=Frank |work=eOneill.com |year=2006 |access-date=2017-09-21 }}</ref> 
*[[November 9]] – [[D. H. Lawrence]]'s novel ''[[Women in Love]]'' appears in a limited U.S. subscribers' edition.<ref>{{cite book|author=D.H. Lawrence|title=Studies in Classic American Literature|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gysAEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT31|date=20 February 2019|publisher=RosettaBooks|isbn=978-0-7953-5159-4|pages=31}}</ref>
*December – The first edition of the ''[[Poems (Wilfred Owen)|Poems]]'' of the English [[war poet]] [[Wilfred Owen]], killed in action in [[1918 in literature|1918]], appears in London, introduced by his friend [[Siegfried Sassoon]] but with much of the editing carried out by [[Edith Sitwell]]. Only five of Owen's verses having been published in his lifetime, the collection introduces his work to many readers. It includes the [[1917 in poetry|1917]] poems "[[Anthem for Doomed Youth]]" and "[[Dulce et Decorum est]]", one of the best-known poetic condemnations of war.<ref>{{cite book|author=Ian Scott-Kilvert|title=British Writers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FNZN1_tGI4MC|year=1979|publisher=Scribner|isbn=978-0-684-16637-7|page=459}}</ref>
*[[December 23]] – [[Arthur Schnitzler]]'s play ''Reigen'' (''[[La Ronde (play)|La Ronde]]'', [[1900 in literature|1900]]) receives a first authorized performance, in [[Berlin]], where it is criticized on moral and [[anti-Semitic]] grounds.<ref>{{cite book|title=Letters to Siegfried Trebitsch|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l095AAAAIAAJ|year=1986|page=221}}</ref>
*Christmas – [[Monteiro Lobato]]'s children's story "A Menina do Narizinho Arrebitado" (Girl with the Upturned Nose), the origin of the [[Sítio do Picapau Amarelo (novel series)|''Sítio do Picapau Amarelo'' novel series]], is published in Brazil.
*''unknown dates''
**[[Erwin von Busse]], using the pseudonym Granand, publishes ''Das erotische Komödiengärtlein'' (''Berlin Garden of Erotic Delights''), a collection of short stories about sexually charged encounters between men. It is promptly banned.<ref>{{cite book | author = Granand |contributor= [[:de:Manfred Herzer|Manfred Herzer]] | contribution = Afterword |date= 2022 |title= Berlin Garden of Erotic Delights |publisher= Warbler Press |pages= 79–84 }}</ref>
**[[Karel Čapek]]'s drama ''[[R.U.R.|R.U.R: Rossum's Universal Robots]]'', published in Prague, introduces the word ''[[robot]]'' into English.<ref>{{Cite magazine |author-link=Isaac Asimov |last=Asimov |first=Isaac |title=The Vocabulary of Science Fiction |magazine=[[Asimov's Science Fiction]] |date=September 1979}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://capek.misto.cz/english/robot.html |first=Dominik |last=Zunt |year=2004 |title=Who did actually invent the word "robot" and what does it mean? |work=Karel Čapek (1890-1938) |access-date=2011-12-06 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120204135259/http://capek.misto.cz/english/robot.html |archive-date=2012-02-04}}</ref>
**Publication in Paris of the first volume of the ''[[Collection Budé]]'' initiates editions of classical texts with parallel French translation: [[Plato]]'s ''[[Hippias Minor]] (Hippias Mineur)''.<ref>{{cite book|author1=Percy Gardner|author2=Ernest Arthur Gardner|author3=Max Cary|title=The Journal of Hellenic Studies|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Yx8_AQAAMAAJ|year=1922|publisher=Society for the Promotion of Hellenic Studies|page=283}}</ref>
**[[Van Wyck Brooks]]' ''The Ordeal of Mark Twain'' controversially argues that [[Mark Twain|Twain]] was "a victim of arrested development" with a dual personality.<ref>{{cite book|first1=J. R.|last1=LeMaster|first2=James D.|last2=Wilson|title=The Routledge Encyclopedia of Mark Twain|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jFlQweCtoUUC&pg=PA99|year=2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-135-88135-1|page=99}}</ref> It begins a reassessment of an author seen hitherto mainly as a humorous writer. The 1920s will bring similar reconsideration of many 19th-century American writers, notably [[Herman Melville]]<ref>{{cite book|first=Bradley A.|last=Johnson|title=The Characteristic Theology of Herman Melville: Aesthetics, Politics, Duplicity|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I9KPBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA117|year=2011|publisher=Wipf and Stock Publishers|isbn=978-1-63087-620-3|pages=117}}</ref> and [[Emily Dickinson]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Academic American encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dc5MAQAAIAAJ|date=1 February 1995|publisher=Grolier Incorporated|isbn=978-0-7172-2059-5|page=344}}</ref>

==New books==
===Fiction===
*[[Sherwood Anderson]] – ''[[Poor White (novel)|Poor White]]''
*[[E. F. Benson]] – ''[[Queen Lucia]]''
*[[Marjorie Bowen]] –  ''The Burning Glass''
*[[Rhoda Broughton]] – ''A Fool in Her Folly''
*[[Emilio Carrere]] – ''[[The Tower of the Seven Hunchbacks (novel)|The Tower of the Seven Hunchbacks]] (La Torre de los Siete Jorobados)''
*[[Catherine Carswell]] – ''Open the Door!''
*[[Agatha Christie]] – ''[[The Mysterious Affair at Styles]]'' (first [[Hercule Poirot]] mystery)
*[[Colette]] – ''[[Chéri (novel)|Chéri]]''
*[[Joseph Conrad]] – ''[[The Rescue (Conrad novel)|The Rescue]]''
*[[Freeman Wills Crofts]] – ''[[The Cask]]''
*[[William Aubrey Darlington]] – ''[[Alf's Button (novel)|Alf's Button]]''<ref>{{cite book|author=William Aubrey Darlington|title=Alf's Button|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LzAmAAAAMAAJ|year=1920|publisher=Frederick A. Stokes Company}}</ref>
*[[Miguel de Unamuno]]
**''Tres novelas ejemplares y un prólogo'' (Three Exemplary Novels and a Prologue)<ref>{{cite book|author=Martha Eulalia Altisent|title=A Companion to the Twentieth-century Spanish Novel|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z0JUwSWVlAUC&pg=PA18|year=2008|publisher=Boydell & Brewer Ltd|isbn=978-1-85566-174-5|pages=18}}</ref>
**''Tulio Montalbán''
*[[Grazia Deledda]] – ''Le Madre'' (The Mother)
*[[Ethel M. Dell]] – ''[[The Top of the World (novel)|The Top of the World]]''
*[[Suat Derviş]] – ''Kara Kitap'' (Black Book)
*[[Alfred Döblin]] – ''[[Wallenstein (novel)|Wallenstein]]''
*[[John Dos Passos]] – ''[[Three Soldiers]]''
*[[Hans Fallada]] – ''Der junge Goedeschal'' (Young Goedeschal)
*[[F. Scott Fitzgerald]] – ''[[This Side Of Paradise (novel)|This Side Of Paradise]]''
*[[F. Scott Fitzgerald]] – ''[[Flappers and Philosophers]]''
*[[Zona Gale]] – ''[[Miss Lulu Bett (novel)|Miss Lulu Bett]]''
*[[John Galsworthy]]
**''[[In Chancery]]''
**''Awakening''
*[[Frederic S. Isham]] – ''[[The Nut Cracker]]''
*[[Edgar Jepson]] – ''[[The Loudwater Mystery (novel)|The Loudwater Mystery]]''
*[[D. H. Lawrence]] – ''[[Women in Love]]''
*[[Sinclair Lewis]] – ''[[Main Street (novel)|Main Street]]''
*[[David Lindsay (novelist)|David Lindsay]] – ''[[A Voyage to Arcturus]]''
*[[Mrs. I. Lowenberg]] – ''[[The Voices (novel)|The Voices]]''
*[[Marie Belloc Lowndes]] – ''[[The Lonely House]]''
*[[Compton Mackenzie]] –  ''[[The Vanity Girl]]''
*[[E. Phillips Oppenheim]] – ''[[The Great Impersonation (novel)|The Great Impersonation]]''
*[[Dowell Philip O'Reilly]] – ''Five Corners''
*[[Ernest Pérochon]] – ''[[:fr:Nêne|Nêne]]''
*[[Marcel Proust]]  – ''The Guermantes Way'' (''Le Côté de Guermantes I'', first part of vol. 3 of ''[[In Search of Lost Time]]'')
*[[Erich Maria Remarque|Erich Remark]] – ''[[The Dream Room]] (Die Traumbude)''
* [[Maurice Renard]] – ''[[Les Mains d'Orlac|The Hands of Orlac]]''
*[[Merari Siregar]] – ''[[Azab dan Sengsara]]'' (Pain and Suffering)
*[[Sigrid Undset]] – ''[[Kristin Lavransdatter]]'' (begins publication with ''Kransen'' – The Bridal Wreath)
*[[Edgar Wallace]] – ''[[The Daffodil Mystery]]''
*[[Mary Augusta Ward]] – ''Harvest''
* [[Mary Webb]] – ''[[The House in Dormer Forest]]''
*[[Edith Wharton]] – ''[[The Age of Innocence]]''
*[[Owen Wister]] – ''A Straight Deal''
*[[Zara Wright]] – ''Black and White Tangled Threads''
* [[Francis Brett Young]] – ''[[The Tragic Bride]]''

===Children and young people===
*[[L. Frank Baum]] – ''[[Glinda of Oz]]''
*[[Edgar Rice Burroughs]] – ''[[Tarzan the Untamed]]''
*[[R. A. H. Goodyear]] – ''Forge of Foxenby''
*[[Hugh Lofting]] – ''[[The Story of Doctor Dolittle]]''
*[[Olive Beaupré Miller]] – ''In the Nursery'' (first in the My Book House series)
*[[Opal Whiteley]] – ''The Story of Opal: The Journal of an Understanding Heart''
*[[I. C. Vissarion]] – ''Ber-Căciulă''

===Drama===
<onlyinclude>
*[[S. Ansky]] – ''[[The Dybbuk]]'' (first performed, in author's Yiddish translation as דֶער דִבּוּק צִווִישֶן צְווַיי ווֶעלְטֶן, ''Tzvishn Zwey Weltn – der Dibuk'')
*[[J. M. Barrie]]
**''A Kiss For Cinderella''
**''[[Mary Rose (play)|Mary Rose]]''
*[[Karel Čapek]] – ''[[R.U.R.|R.U.R. (Rossum's Universal Robots)]]''
*[[Nikolai Evreinov]] – ''[[The Storming of the Winter Palace]]''
*[[John Galsworthy]] – ''[[The Skin Game (play)|The Skin Game]]''
* [[Walter Hackett]] – ''[[Mr. Todd's Experiment]]''
*[[Georg Kaiser]] – ''Gas II''
*[[Edward Knoblock]]  – ''[[Mumsie (play)|Mumsie]]''
*[[Vladimir Mayakovsky]] – ''The Championship of the Universal Class Struggle''
*[[Eugene O'Neill]] – ''[[The Emperor Jones]]''
*[[Mary Roberts Rinehart]] and [[Avery Hopwood]] – ''[[The Bat (play)|The Bat]]''
*[[Ernst Toller]] – ''Man and Masses (Masse Mensch)''
*[[Louis Verneuil]] – ''Daniel''
*[[Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz]] – ''They (Oni)''</onlyinclude>

===Poetry===
{{Main|1920 in poetry}}
*[[Louis Aragon]] – "Feu de joie"<ref>[[Paul Auster|Auster, Paul]] (ed.) (1982). ''The Random House Book of Twentieth-Century French Poetry, with Translations by American and British Poets''. New York: Random House. {{ISBN|978-0-394-52197-8}}.</ref>
*[[Edmund Blunden]] – ''The Waggoner and Other Poems''
*[[Robert Bridges]] – ''October and Other Poems''
*[[T. S. Eliot]] – ''Poems'' (Twelve poems including "Lune de Miel" and "The Hippopotamus")
*[[Robert Frost]] – ''Miscellaneous Poems''
*[[Aaro Hellaakoski]] – ''[[Me Kaksi]]''
*[[Bolesław Leśmian]] – ''Meadow'' (''Łąka'')
*[[Edna St. Vincent Millay]] – ''A Few Figs From Thistles''
*[[Hope Mirrlees]] – ''[[Paris: A Poem]]''
*[[Wilfred Owen]] – ''Poems''
*[[Ezra Pound]] – ''[[Hugh Selwyn Mauberley]]''
*[[Carl Sandburg]] – ''Smoke and Steel''
*[[Siegfried Sassoon]] – ''Picture Show''
*[[Barbu Solacolu]] – ''Umbre pe drumuri'' (Shadows on the Roads)
*[[Anton Schnack]] – ''Tier rang gewaltig mit Tier'' (Beast Strove Mightily with Beast)
*[[Georg Trakl]] – ''Der Herbst des Einsamen'' (The Autumn of the Lonely)
*[[Miguel de Unamuno]] – ''El Cristo de Velázquez''

===Non-fiction===
*[[Sarah Bernhardt]] – ''Petite Idole''
*[[Marc Bloch]] – ''Rois et serfs. Un chapitre d'histoire capétienne''<ref>{{cite book|author=Susan W. Friedman|title=Marc Bloch, Sociology and Geography: Encountering Changing Disciplines|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NHrLv8Rkd78C&pg=PA185|date=11 November 2004|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-61215-9|pages=185}}</ref>
*[[Communist International]] – ''Theses and Statutes of the Third (Communist) International''
*[[Sigmund Freud]] – ''[[Beyond the Pleasure Principle]] (Jenseits des Lustprinzips)''
*[[William Inge (priest, born 1860)|William Inge]] – ''The Idea of Progress''
*[[Ernst Jünger]] – ''[[Storm of Steel]] (In Stahlgewittern)''
*[[Robert T. Kerlin]] (editor) – ''[[The Voice of the Negro (book)|The Voice of the Negro]]''
*[[J. Thomas Looney]] – ''Shakespeare Identified''
*[[H. L. Mencken]] – ''Prejudices: Second Series''
*[[Harold Monro]] – ''Some Contemporary Poets (1920)''
*[[Joseph Shield Nicholson]] – ''The Revival of Marxism'', final book<ref>{{cite web|last1=Groenewegen|first1=Peter|title=Joseph Shield Nicholson (1850–1927): An early student of Marshall at Cambridge, later quite critical of Marshall and his Economics|url=http://www.hetsa.org.au/hetsa2010/pdf/groenewegen.pdf|website=History of Economic Thought Society of Australia|access-date=2015-08-30}}</ref>
*[[Charles à Court Repington]] – ''The First World War, 1914–1918''
*[[Radu Rosetti]] – ''Povești moldovenești''
*[[Frederick Jackson Turner]] – ''The Frontier in American History''
*[[H. G. Wells]] – ''[[The Outline of History]]''
*[[Leonard Woolf]]
**''Economic Imperialism''
**''Empire and Commerce in Africa''

==Births==
[[File:Isaac.Asimov01.jpg|thumb|Isaac Asimov.]]
*[[January 2]] (probable date) – [[Isaac Asimov]], Russian-born American science-fiction author and biochemist (died [[1992 in literature|1992]])<ref>{{cite book|title=Analog Science Fiction & Fact|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=coMnAQAAIAAJ|date=July 2002|publisher=Analog Science Fiction/Science Fact|page=112}}</ref>
*[[January 7]] – [[Dorothy Maclean]], Canadian writer and educator, co-founder of the Findhorn Foundation (died [[2020]])
*[[January 14]]
**[[Jean Dutourd]], French novelist (died [[2011 in literature|2011]])<ref>{{cite book|title=Réalités|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yOLeqBrFzpkC|year=1957|publisher=Réalités Monthly Magazine|page=54}}</ref>
**[[Che Lan Vien]], Vietnamese poet (died [[1989 in literature|1989]])
*[[January 22]] – [[Philippa Pearce]], English children's writer (died [[2006 in literature|2006]])
*[[January 24]] – [[Keith Douglas]], English poet (died [[1944 in literature|1944]])
*[[February 1]] – [[Colin Watson (writer)|Colin Watson]], English crime fiction writer (died [[1983 in literature|1983]])
*[[February 11]] – [[Daniel F. Galouye]], American science-fiction author (died [[1976 in literature|1976]])
*[[February 12]] – [[William Roscoe Estep]], American historian and educator (died [[2000 in literature|2000]])
*[[February 19]] – [[Jaan Kross]], Estonian writer (died [[2007 in literature|2007]])
*[[February 21]] – [[Ishigaki Rin]] (石垣 りん), Japanese poet (died [[2004 in literature|2004]])
*[[February 28]] – [[Zaim Topčić]], Yugoslav and Bosnian writer (died [[1990 in literature|1990]])
*[[February 29]] – [[Howard Nemerov]], American poet (died [[1991 in literature|1991]])
*[[March 10]] – [[Boris Vian]], French novelist (died [[1959 in literature|1959]])
*[[March 11]] – [[D. J. Enright]], English writer (died [[2002 in literature|2002]])
*[[March 19]] – [[Kjell Aukrust]], Norwegian author, poet and artist (died [[2002 in literature|2002]])
*[[March 20]] – [[Rosemary Timperley]], British novelist (died [[1988 in literature|1988]])
*[[March 25]] – [[Paul Scott (novelist)|Paul Scott]], English novelist, playwright and poet (died [[1978 in literature|1978]])
*[[March 31]] – [[Marga Minco]] (Sara Menco), Dutch novelist and journalist (died [[2023 in literature|2023]])
*[[April 5]] – [[Arthur Hailey]], English-born Canadian novelist (died [[2004 in literature|2004]])
*[[April 11]] – [[Marlen Haushofer]], Austrian novelist (died [[1970 in literature|1970]])
*[[April 17]] – [[Bengt Anderberg]], Swedish poet, novelist, children's writer (died [[2008 in literature|2008]])
*[[May 8]] – [[Sloan Wilson]], American author and poet (died [[2003 in literature|2003]])
*[[May 9]] – [[Richard Adams]], English novelist, author of ''[[Watership Down]]'' (died [[2016 in literature|2016]])
*[[May 12]] – [[Satya Mohan Joshi]], Nepalese writer (died [[2022 in literature|2022]])
*[[May 30]] – [[Shōtarō Yasuoka]], Japanese writer (died [[2013 in literature|2013]])
*[[June 2]] – [[Marcel Reich-Ranicki]], Polish-born German literary critic (died [[2013 in literature|2013]])
*[[June 8]] – [[Gwen Harwood]], Australian poet (died [[1995 in literature|1995]])
*[[June 9]] – [[Isobel English]] (Guesdon Jolliffe), English novelist (died [[1994 in literature|1994]])
*[[June 13]] – [[Ruth Guimarães]], Afro-Brazilian classicist, fiction writer and poet (died [[2014 in literature|2014]])
*[[June 18]]
**[[Aster Berkhof]], Belgian novelist (died [[2020 in literature|2020]])
**[[Rosemary Dobson]], Australian poet (died [[2012 in literature|2012]])
*[[June 20]] – [[Amos Tutuola]], Nigerian writer (died [[1997 in literature|1997]])
*[[July 3]] – [[Max Wilk]], American playwright, screenwriter and author of fiction and nonfiction (died 2011)
*[[July 12]] – [[Pierre Berton]], Canadian author (died [[2004 in literature|2004]])
*[[August 3]] – [[P. D. James]], English crime novelist (died [[2014 in literature|2014]])<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/nov/27/pd-james | title=PD James obituary | newspaper=The Guardian | date=27 November 2014 | access-date=27 November 2014 | author=Reynolds, Stanley}}</ref>
*[[August 4]] – [[John Figueroa]], Jamaican poet (died [[1999 in literature|1999]])
*[[August 9]] – [[Tormod Skagestad]], Norwegian poet, novelist and playwright (died [[1997 in literature|1997]])
*[[August 16]] – [[Charles Bukowski]], American writer (died [[1994 in literature|1994]])
*[[August 18]] – [[Harbhajan Singh (poet)|Harbhajan Singh]], Punjabi poet and critic (died [[2002 in literature|2002]])
*[[August 21]] – [[Christopher Robin Milne]], English writer and bookseller (died [[1996 in literature|1996]])
*[[August 22]] – [[Ray Bradbury]], American science-fiction writer (died [[2012 in literature|2012]])<ref>{{cite book|author1=Martin Harry Greenberg|author2=Joseph D. Olander|title=Ray Bradbury|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DssfAQAAIAAJ|year=1980|publisher=Taplinger Publishing Company|isbn=978-0-8008-6638-9|page=214}}</ref>
*[[September 19]] – [[Roger Angell]], American fiction writer, editor, and essayist with ''[[The New Yorker]]'' (died [[2022 in literature|2022]])
*[[October 7]] – [[Daniel Vidart]], Uruguayan anthropologist, writer, historian, and essayist (died [[2019 in literature|2019]])
*[[October 8]] – [[Frank Herbert]], American science-fiction writer (died [[1986 in literature|1986]])<ref>{{cite book|author=William F. Touponce|title=Frank Herbert|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AO1aAAAAMAAJ|year=1988|publisher=Twayne Publishers|isbn=978-0-8057-7514-3|page=4}}</ref>
*[[October 15]] – [[Mario Puzo]], American author of ''[[The Godfather (novel)|The Godfather]]'' (died [[1999 in literature|1999]])<ref>{{cite book|title=Chase's Annual Events|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WA3vAAAAMAAJ|year=1994|publisher=Contemporary Books|isbn=978-0-8092-3732-6|page=413}}</ref>
*[[October 17]] – [[Miguel Delibes]], Spanish novelist (died [[2010 in literature|2010]])<ref>{{cite news |last1=Eaude |first1=Michael |title=Miguel Delibes obituary |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2010/mar/14/miguel-delibes-obituary |access-date=6 January 2020 |work=The Guardian |date=14 March 2010}}</ref>
*[[November 7]] – [[Elaine Morgan (writer)|Elaine Morgan]], Welsh writer on anthropology (died [[2013 in literature|2013]])<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2013/jul/29/elaine-morgan |author=Erika Lorraine Milam |title=Elaine Morgan obituary|work=The Guardian |access-date=21 January 2020}}</ref>
*[[November 16]]
**[[Colin Thiele]], Australian author (died [[2006 in literature|2006]])
**[[Peter Viertel]], American author (died [[2007 in literature|2007]])
*[[November 23]] – [[Paul Celan]], Romanian poet (died [[1970 in literature|1970]])
*[[December 3]] – [[Sheila K. McCullagh]], English children's writer (died [[2014 in literature|2014]])
*[[December 10]] – [[Clarice Lispector]], Ukrainian-born Brazilian novelist (died [[1977 in literature|1977]])
*[[December 15]] – [[Albert Memmi]], Tunisian writer in French (died [[2020 in literature|2020]])
*[[December 20]] – [[Väinö Linna]], Finnish novelist (died [[1992 in literature|1992]])

==Deaths==
*[[January 2]] – [[Paul Adam (French novelist)|Paul Adam]], French Symbolist novelist (born [[1862 in literature|1862]])<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |year=1930 |title=Adam, Paul |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopaedia Britannica]] |edition=14|volume=1|page=149 |language=en}}</ref>
*[[January 4]] – [[Benito Pérez Galdós]], Spanish novelist (born [[1843 in literature|1843]])
*[[January 9]] – [[Ella Dietz]], American actress and author (born [[1847 in literature|1847]])<ref>{{cite news |title=Mrs. Clymer, Actress, Dead |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/108489056/obit-ella-dietz-clymer/ |access-date=28 August 2022 |work=New-York Tribune |via=Newspapers.com |date=2 May 1920 |page=17}}</ref>
*[[January 18]] – [[Giovanni Capurro]], Italian poet (born [[1825 in literature|1825]])
*[[February 8]] – [[Richard Dehmel]], German poet (born [[1863 in literature|1863]])<ref>{{Cite Americana|wstitle=Dehmel, Richard|author=William F. Hauhart}}</ref>
*[[February 29]] – [[A. H. Bullen]], English editor and publisher (born [[1857 in literature|1857]])
*[[March 9]] – [[Haralamb Lecca]], Romanian dramatist, poet and translator (paralysis, born [[1873 in literature|1873]])
*[[March 15]] – [[Edith Holden]], English diarist and illustrator (drowned, born [[1871 in literature|1871]])
*[[March 24]] – [[Mary Augusta Ward]] (Mrs. Humphry Ward), Tasmanian-born English novelist (born [[1851 in literature|1851]])<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Stewart | first1 = Herbert L | year = 1920 | title = Mrs. Humphry Ward | url = https://archive.org/stream/n1universitymag19mcgiuoft#page/192/mode/2up | journal = The University Magazine | volume = XIX | issue = 2| pages = 193–207 }}</ref>
*[[April 6]] – [[Mary Evelyn Hitchcock]], American author and explorer (born [[1849 in literature|1849]])
*[[May 7]] – [[Hugh Thomson]], British illustrator (born [[1860 in literature|1860]])
*[[May 8]] – [[Annie Russell Wall]], American historian, writer, teacher (born [[1835 in literature|1835]])
*[[May 11]] – [[William Dean Howells]], American realist novelist (born [[1837 in literature|1837]])
*[[May 15]] – [[Owen Morgan Edwards]], Welsh writer, educator (b. [[1858]])<ref>{{cite DWB|id=s-EDWA-MOR-1858|title=Edwards, Sir Owen Morgan (1858 - 1920), man of letters|author=Robert Thomas Jenkins|year=1959|access-date=10 April 2023}}</ref>
*[[May 21]] – [[Eleanor H. Porter]], American novelist (born [[1868 in literature|1868]])
*[[June 5]]
**[[Rhoda Broughton]], Welsh novelist and short-story writer (born [[1840 in literature|1840]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Marilyn Wood|title=Rhoda Broughton (1840-1920): Profile of a Novelist|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-khaAAAAMAAJ|year=1993|publisher=Paul Watkins|isbn=978-1-871615-34-0|page=123}}</ref>
**[[Julia A. Moore]], American poet (born [[1847 in literature|1847]])
*[[June 14]] – [[Max Weber]], German political economist (born [[1864 in literature|1864]])
*[[June 27]] – [[Adolphe Basile Routhier]], Canadian poet (born [[1839 in literature|1839]])
*[[September 29]] – [[José Domingo Gómez Rojas]], Chilean poet (meningitis, born [[1896 in literature|1896]])
*[[October 17]] – [[John Reed (journalist)|John Reed]], American journalist (born [[1887 in literature|1887]])
*[[October 20]] – [[Bithia Mary Croker]], Irish-born novelist (born c. 1848)
*[[October 25]] – [[Terence MacSwiney]], Irish playwright, poet and politician (hunger strike, born [[1879 in literature|1879]])
*[[November 1]] – [[Walter Bradford Woodgate]], English boating writer and oarsman (born [[1841 in literature|1841]])
*[[November 9]] – [[Alberto Blest Gana]], Chilean novelist (born [[1830 in literature|1830]])
*[[November 19]] – [[Alice E. Bartlett]], American author, novelist, essayist, lyricist (born [[1848 in literature|1848]])
*[[November 22]] – [[Manuel Pérez y Curis]], Uruguayan poet (born [[1884 in literature|1884]])
*[[November 24]] – [[Alexandru Macedonski]], Romanian poet, novelist and dramatist (heart disease, born [[1854 in literature|1854]])
*[[December 16]] – [[Helen Ekin Starrett]], American educator, author, suffragist and magazine founder (born [[1840 in literature|1840]])
*[[December 18]] – [[Matthías Jochumsson]], Icelandic poet, playwright and translator (born [[1835 in literature|1835]])
*[[December 24]] – [[Matilda Maranda Crawford]], American-Canadian newspaper correspondent, writer, poet (born [[1844 in literature|1844]])

==Awards==
*[[James Tait Black Memorial Prize]] for fiction: [[D. H. Lawrence]], ''[[The Lost Girl]]''
*[[James Tait Black Memorial Prize]] for biography: [[G. M. Trevelyan]], ''[[Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey|Lord Grey]] of the Reform Bill''
*[[Nobel Prize for Literature]]: [[Knut Hamsun]]
*[[Pulitzer Prize for the Novel]]: ''no award given''
*[[Pulitzer Prize for Poetry]]: ''no award given''
*[[Pulitzer Prize for Drama]]: [[Eugene O'Neill]], ''Beyond the Horizon''

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

{{Year in literature article categories}}