Editing 1917 in literature

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{{Year nav topic5|1917|literature|poetry}}

This article contains information about the literary events and publications of '''1917'''.
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==Events==
[[File:Siegfried Sassoon by Glyn Warren Philpot 1917.jpeg|thumb|Portrait of [[Siegfried Sassoon]] by [[Glyn Warren Philpot]], 1917]]
*January
**[[Francis Picabia]] produces the first issue of the [[Dada]] periodical ''[[391 (magazine)|391]]'' in [[Barcelona]].
**Philosopher [[Hu Shih]], the main advocate of replacing scholarly language with the vernacular in Chinese literature, publishes an article in the magazine ''[[New Youth (Xin Qingnian)]]'', "A Preliminary Discussion of Literature Reform", offering eight guidelines for writers.
**[[J. R. R. Tolkien]], on medical leave from the [[British Army]] at [[Great Haywood]], begins ''[[The Book of Lost Tales]]'' (the first version of ''[[The Silmarillion]]''), starting with the "[[Fall of Gondolin]]". This first chronicles Tolkien's [[Mythopoeia|mythopoeic]] [[Middle-earth]] [[Tolkien's legendarium|''legendarium'']] in prose.<ref>{{Cite web |title=J. R. R. Tolkien Chronology |url=http://www3.dbu.edu/mitchell/tolkienchronology.htm |accessdate=2013-08-27 |archive-date=2014-07-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140713055641/http://www3.dbu.edu/mitchell/tolkienchronology.htm |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |first=Colin |last=Duriez |authorlink=Colin Duriez |title=J. R. R. Tolkien: The Making of a Legend |location=Oxford |publisher=Lion |year=2012 |isbn=978-0-7459-5514-8 |pages=102–6}}</ref>
*[[February 4]] or [[February 5|5]] – The English writer [[Hugh Kingsmill]] is captured in action in France.<ref>{{Cite journal |title=Hugh Kingsmill on the Western Front |first=A. D. |last=Harvey |journal=[[Notes and Queries]] |volume=59 |year=2012 |issue=3 |doi=10.1093/notesj/gjs087 |publisher=Oxford University Press |pages=413–416 }}</ref>
*[[February 16]] – The publisher [[Boni & Liveright]] is founded in [[New York City]] by [[Horace Liveright]] with Albert Boni, and initiates the "[[Modern Library]]" imprint.
*April – [[Leonard Woolf|Leonard]] and [[Virginia Woolf]] take delivery of a hand printing press needed to establish the [[Hogarth Press]] at their home in [[Richmond upon Thames]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://modernism.research.yale.edu/wiki/index.php/Hogarth_Press |first=Jessica |last=Svendsen |title=Hogarth Press |publisher=The Modernism Lab at Yale University |year=2010 |accessdate=2013-08-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091215010724/http://modernism.research.yale.edu/wiki/index.php/Hogarth_Press |archive-date=2009-12-15 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Their first publication is ''Two Stories''.
*May – [[W. B. Yeats]] acquires [[Thoor Ballylee]] in Ireland.
*[[June 4]] – The first [[Pulitzer Prize]]s are awarded: [[Laura E. Richards]], [[Maude H. Elliott]], and [[Florence Hall (Pulitzer Prize winner)|Florence Hall]] receive the first for biography (for ''[[Julia Ward Howe]]''), [[Jean Jules Jusserand]] the first for history with ''[[With Americans of Past and Present Days]]'', and [[Herbert B. Swope]] the first for [[journalism]] for his work for the ''[[New York World]]''.
*[[June 18]] – [[Luigi Pirandello]]'s drama ''[[Right You Are (if you think so)]]'' (''Così è (se vi pare)'') is first performed, in [[Milan]].
*July – [[Siegfried Sassoon]] issues a "Soldier's Declaration" against prolonging [[World War I]]. He is sent by the military (with assistance from [[Robert Graves]]) to [[Edinburgh]]'s [[Craiglockhart Hydropathic|Craiglockhart War Hospital]], where [[Wilfred Owen]] introduces himself on August 18.<ref>{{Cite book |first=Siegfried |last=Sassoon |title=Siegfried's Journey |year=1946 |page=58}}</ref> At Sassoon's urging, Owen writes his two great war poems, "[[Anthem for Doomed Youth]]" and "[[Dulce et Decorum est]]", although like almost all his poetry they remain unpublished until after his death in action next year. Their meeting would later inspire [[Stephen MacDonald]]'s drama ''[[Not About Heroes]]'' ([[1982 in literature|1982]]) and [[Pat Barker]]'s novel ''[[Regeneration (novel)|Regeneration]]'' ([[1991 in literature|1991]]).<ref>{{cite book|author=Merritt Moseley|title=The Fiction of Pat Barker|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-lgdBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA65|date=28 May 2014|publisher=Macmillan International Higher Education|isbn=978-1-137-43204-9|pages=65}}</ref>
*Summer – The [[Siuru]] [[Expressionism|expressionist]] and [[neo-romantic]] literary movement in [[Estonia]] is formed by young poets and writers.<ref>{{Cite book |author1=Bédé, Jean Albert |author2=Edgerton, William Benbow |title=Columbia Dictionary of Modern European Literature |location=New York |publisher=Columbia University Press |year=1980 |isbn=0-231-03717-1 |page=[https://archive.org/details/columbiadictiona0000unse/page/237 237] |url=https://archive.org/details/columbiadictiona0000unse/page/237 }}</ref><ref name=BL>{{Cite book |author=Rubulis, Aleksis |title=Baltic Literature |url=https://archive.org/details/balticliterature00rubu |url-access=registration |location=South Bend, Indiana |publisher=University of Notre Dame Press |year=1970}}</ref>
*[[September 6]] – At the [[National Eisteddfod of Wales]] in [[Birkenhead]], the [[Chairing of the Bard]] ceremony ends with the chair draped in black, the winner, [[Hedd Wyn]], having died a month earlier in battle.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://archiveshub.ac.uk/features/aug04e.shtml |publisher=Archives Hub |title=National Eisteddfod of Wales |accessdate=2013-08-27 |archive-date=2014-08-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140801075838/http://archiveshub.ac.uk/features/aug04e.shtml |url-status=live }}</ref>
*October
**[[Ernest Hemingway]] takes his first job, as a reporter on ''[[The Kansas City Star]]''.
**[[D. H. Lawrence]] is forced to leave [[Cornwall]] at three days' notice under terms of the [[Defence of the Realm Act]] in the United Kingdom.<ref>Partly reflected in his novel ''[[Kangaroo (novel)|Kangaroo]]'' (1923).</ref>
*[[October 20]] – The 51-year-old poet [[W. B. Yeats]] marries 25-year-old [[Georgie Hyde-Lees]] at [[Harrow Road]] [[register office]] in London, with [[Ezra Pound]] as best man, a couple of months after Yeats' proposal of marriage to his ex-mistress's daughter, [[Iseult Gonne]], is rejected.
*[[December 25]] – [[Jesse Lynch Williams]]' ''[[Why Marry?]]'', the first drama to win a [[Pulitzer Prize]], opens at the [[Astor Theatre (New York)]].
*''unknown dates''
**The colonial government of the [[Dutch East Indies]] establishes the ''Kantoor voor de Volklectuur'' ("Office for People's Reading"), later renamed [[Balai Pustaka]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Siregar |first=Bakri |authorlink=Bakri Siregar |year=1964 |language=Indonesian |title=Sedjarah Sastera Indonesia |trans-title=History of Indonesian Literature |volume=1 |publisher=Akademi Sastera dan Bahasa "Multatuli" |location=Jakarta |oclc=63841626 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xXjiAAAAMAAJ}}</ref>
**The [[Marc Chagall]] illustrated version of ''The Magician'' (דער קונצענמאכער, ''Der Kuntsenmakher'') by [[I. L. Peretz]] (died 1915) appears in [[Vilnius]].<ref name="WDL">{{Cite web |url=http://www.wdl.org/en/item/9615/ |title=The Magician |website=[[World Digital Library]] |year=1917 |accessdate=2013-09-30 |archive-date=2013-10-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131003004642/http://www.wdl.org/en/item/9615/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

==New books==
===Fiction===
*[[Elizabeth von Arnim]] – ''[[Christine (Cholmondeley novel)|Christine]]''
*[[Mariano Azuela]] – ''Los caciques (The Bosses)''
*[[Henri Barbusse]] – ''[[Under Fire (Barbusse novel)|Under Fire]]'' (first [[English language]] edition)
*[[E. F. Benson]]
**''An Autumn Sowing''
**''Mr. Teddy''
*[[Adrien Bertrand]] – ''L'Orage sur le jardin de Candide'' (The thunderstorm in Candide's garden)
*[[Rhoda Broughton]] – ''A Thorn in the Flesh''
*[[Edgar Rice Burroughs]]
**''[[A Princess of Mars]]''
**''[[The Son of Tarzan]]''
*[[Abraham Cahan]] – ''[[The Rise of David Levinsky]]''
*[[Gilbert Cannan]] – ''The Stucco House''
*[[Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay]] – ''[[Devdas]]''
*[[ J. Storer Clouston]] – ''[[The Spy in Black (novel)|The Spy in Black]]''
*[[Mary Cholmondeley]] – ''Under One Roof''
*[[Joseph Conrad]] – ''[[The Shadow Line (novel)|The Shadow Line]]'' (serialization concluded and in book form)
*[[Clemence Dane]] – ''[[Regiment of Women]]''
*[[Miguel de Unamuno]] – ''[[Abel Sánchez: The History of a Passion|Abel Sánchez]]''
* [[Ethel M. Dell]] – ''[[The Hundredth Chance (novel)|The Hundredth Chance]]''
*[[Norman Douglas]] – ''[[South Wind (novel)|South Wind]]''
*[[Arthur Conan Doyle]] – ''[[His Last Bow]]'' (collected [[Sherlock Holmes]] stories)
* [[Jeffrey Farnol]] – ''[[The Definite Object]]''
*[[Edna Ferber]] – ''Fanny Herself''
*[[Anna Katharine Green]] – ''The Mystery of the Hasty Arrow'' 
*[[Zona Gale]] – ''A Daughter of the Morning''
*[[Joseph Hergesheimer]] – ''The Three Black Pennys''
* [[Robert Hichens (writer)|Robert Hichens]] – ''[[In the Wilderness (1917 novel)|In the Wilderness]]''
*[[Ricarda Huch]] – ''[[The Deruga Case]] (Der Fall Deruga)''
*[[Henry James]] (died 1916)
**''[[The Ivory Tower]]''
**''[[The Sense of the Past]]''
*[[Gaston Leroux]] – ''[[Rouletabille at Krupp's]]''
*[[Sinclair Lewis]] – ''[[The Job (novel)|The Job]]''
*[[Jack London]] – ''[[Jerry of the Islands]]''
*[[Oscar Micheaux]] – ''[[The Homesteader]]''
*[[Christopher Morley]] – ''[[Parnassus on Wheels]]''
*[[Baroness Orczy]]
**''[[Lord Tony's Wife]]''
**''[[A Sheaf of Bluebells]]''
*[[Frank L. Packard]] – ''The Adventures of [[Jimmie Dale]]''
*[[David Graham Phillips]] – ''Susan Lenox: Her Rise and Fall''
*[[Marmaduke Pickthall]] – ''Knights of Araby''
*[[Ernest Poole]] – ''[[His Family]]''
*[[Horacio Quiroga]] – ''Cuentos de amor de locura y de muerte''
*[[Henry Handel Richardson]] (Et Florence Robertson) – ''Australia Felix'' (first part of ''[[The Fortunes of Richard Mahony]]'')
*[[May Sinclair]] – ''The Tree of Heaven''
*[[Annie M. P. Smithson]] – ''Her Irish Heritage''
*[[Hermann Sudermann]] – ''[[The Excursion to Tilsit]] (Litauische Geschichten)''
*[[Ivan Tavčar]] – ''Cvetje v jeseni'' (Flowers in Autumn)
* [[Edgar Wallace]] – ''[[The Secret House]]''
*[[Robert Walser]] – ''[[The Walk (novella)|Der Spaziergang]]'' (The Walk)
*[[Mary Augusta Ward]]
**''Missing''
**''Towards the Goal''
**''The War and Elizabeth''
*[[Alec Waugh]] – ''The Loom of Youth''
*[[Mary Webb]] – ''[[Gone to Earth (novel)|Gone to Earth]]''
*[[Edith Wharton]] – ''[[Summer (Wharton novel)|Summer]]''
*[[P. G. Wodehouse]]
**''[[The Man with Two Left Feet]]'' (collected stories)
**''[[Piccadilly Jim]]''

===Children and young people===
*[[Lucy Maud Montgomery]] – ''[[Anne's House of Dreams]]''
*[[Beatrix Potter]] – ''[[Appley Dapply's Nursery Rhymes]]''
*[[Else Ury]] – ''[[Nesthäkchen and the World War]]''

===Drama===
<onlyinclude>
*[[Leonid Andreyev]] – ''The Life of Man''
*[[Guillaume Apollinaire]] – ''[[The Breasts of Tiresias]]'' (''Les mamelles de Tirésias'', written 1903, first performed)
*[[Bruce Bairnsfather]] and Arthur Elliot – ''[[The Better 'Ole]]''
*[[J. M. Barrie]] – ''[[Dear Brutus]]''
*[[Dorothy Brandon]] – ''[[Wild Heather (play)|Wild Heather]]''
*[[Ferdinand Bruckner]] – ''Der Herr in den Nebeln''
*[[Hall Caine]] – ''The Woman Thou Gavest Me''
*[[Gilbert Cannan]] – ''Everybody's Husband''
*[[Jean Cocteau]] – ''[[Parade (ballet)|Parade]]''
*[[John Drinkwater (playwright)|John Drinkwater]] – ''X = 0: A Night of the Trojan War''
*[[John Galsworthy]] – ''[[Justice (play)|Justice]]''
*[[Mary P. Hamlin]] and [[George Arliss]] – ''[[Hamilton (play)|Hamilton]]''
*[[Georg Kaiser]]
**''The Burghers of Calais'' (''Die Bürger von Calais'', written 1913, first performed)
**''The Coral (Die Koralle)''
**''[[From Morning to Midnight]]'' (''Von Morgens bis Mitternachts'', written 1912, first performed)
*[[Somerset Maugham]] – ''[[Our Betters (play)|Our Betters]]''
*[[A. A. Milne]] – ''[[Wurzel-Flummery]]''
*[[Luigi Pirandello]] – ''[[Right You Are (if you think so)]]''
*[[Gertrude Stein]] – ''An Exercise in Analysis'' 
*[[Ridgely Torrence]] – ''Three Plays for a Negro Theater''
*[[Brita von Horn]] – ''[[:nl:Kring drottningen|Kring drottningen]]''
*[[Jesse Lynch Williams]] – ''[[Why Marry?]]''</onlyinclude>

===Poetry===
[[File:Prufrock And Other Observations.jpg|thumb|150px|right|Book by [[T. S. Eliot]]]]
{{Main article|1917 in poetry}}
*[[Lascelles Abercrombie]] – ''Emblems Of Love''
*[[May Wedderburn Cannan]] – ''In War Time''
*[[T. S. Eliot]] – ''[[The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock|Prufrock, and other observations]]''
*[[Robert Graves]] – ''Fairies and Fusiliers''
*[[Ivor Gurney]] – ''Severn and Somme''
*[[James Weldon Johnson]] – ''Fifty Years and Other Poems''
*[[Joseph Lee (poet)|Joseph Lee]] – ''Work-a-Day Warriors''
*[[Edna St. Vincent Millay]] - ''Renascense and Other Poems''
*[[Siegfried Sassoon]] – ''The Old Huntsman, and Other Poems''
*[[Alan Seeger]] (killed in action 1916) – ''Poems'' (including "I have a rendezvous with Death")
*[[Edward Thomas (poet)|Edward Thomas]] (posthumously – killed in action April 9) – ''Poems'' (including "[[Adlestrop]]")
*[[William Watson (poet)|William Watson]] – ''The Man Who Saw: and Other Poems Arising out of the War''
*[[W. B. Yeats]] – ''[[The Wild Swans at Coole|The Wild Swans at Coole, Other Verses and a Play in Verse]]''

===Non-fiction===
*[[G. K. Chesterton]] – ''A Short History of England''
*[[Daniel Jones (phonetician)|Daniel Jones]] – ''An English Pronouncing Dictionary''
*[[Henry Festing Jones]] – ''Samuel Butler, Author of Erewhon (1835–1902)''
*[[Theodore Wesley Koch]] – ''Books in Camp, Trench and Hospital''
*[[Rudolf Otto]] – ''[[The Idea of the Holy]]'' (''Das Heilige'')
*[[Alfred W. Pollard]] – ''Shakespeare's Fight with the Pirates and the Problems of the Transmission of His Text''
*[[D'Arcy Wentworth Thompson]] – ''[[On Growth and Form]]''
*[[Francis Brett Young]] – ''[[Marching on Tanga]]''

==Births==
*[[January 6]] – [[Maeve Brennan]], Irish-born short story writer and journalist (died [[1993 in literature|1993]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Angela Bourke|title=Maeve Brennan: Homesick at the New Yorker|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bEhaAAAAMAAJ|year=2004|publisher=Jonathan Cape|isbn=978-0-224-06260-2|page=43}}</ref>
*[[February 11]] – [[Sidney Sheldon]], American novelist (died [[2007 in literature|2007]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Scot Peacock|title=Contemporary Authors New Revision Series|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q2DK9CXyIIkC|date=October 2001|publisher=Gale|isbn=978-0-7876-4609-7|page=404}}</ref>
*[[February 25]] – [[Anthony Burgess]], English novelist (died [[1993 in literature|1993]])<ref>{{Cite web |title=A brief life - The International Anthony Burgess Foundation |url=https://www.anthonyburgess.org/about-anthony-burgess/burgess-a-brief-life/ |website=The International Anthony Burgess Foundation |access-date=27 December 2016 |archive-date=28 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161228033234/https://www.anthonyburgess.org/about-anthony-burgess/burgess-a-brief-life/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
*[[March 1]] – [[Robert Lowell]], American poet (died [[1977 in literature|1977]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Thomas Francis Parkinson|title=Robert Lowell; a Collection of Critical Essays|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LvdaAAAAMAAJ|year=1968|publisher=Prentice-Hall|page=12}}</ref>
*[[March 8]] – [[Dimitrie Stelaru]] (Dumitru Petrescu), Romanian poet and novelist (died [[1971 in literature|1971]])
*[[March 17]] – [[Carlo Cassola]], Italian novelist (died [[1987 in literature|1987]])<ref>{{cite book|author1=Sara Pendergast|author2=Tom Pendergast|title=Reference Guide to World Literature: Authors|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OaURAQAAMAAJ|year=2003|publisher=St. James Press|isbn=978-1-55862-491-7|page=200}}</ref>
*[[April 9]] – [[Johannes Bobrowski]], German author (died [[1965 in literature|1965]])<ref>{{cite book|author1=Johannes Bobrowski|author2=Horst Bienek|author3=Ruth Mead|title=Selected Poems|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GOYPAQAAIAAJ|year=1971|publisher=Penguin|isbn=978-0-14-042133-0|page=7}}</ref>
*[[April 19]] – [[Sven Hassel]] (Børge Pedersen), Danish novelist (died [[2012 in literature|2012]])
*[[May 16]] – [[Juan Rulfo]], Mexican fiction writer (died [[1986 in literature|1986]])<ref>{{cite book|author1=Nuala Finnegan|author2=Dylan Brennan|title=Rethinking Juan Rulfo's Creative World: Prose, Photography, Film|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gtIeDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA51|date=5 May 2016|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-317-19606-8|pages=51}}</ref>
*[[June 7]] – [[Gwendolyn Brooks]], American poet (died [[2000 in literature|2000]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Johnson Publishing Company|title=Jet|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CbYDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA18|date=18 December 2000|publisher=Johnson Publishing Company|pages=18|access-date=1 March 2021|archive-date=4 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240504060152/https://books.google.com/books?id=CbYDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA18#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[June 13]] – [[Augusto Roa Bastos]], Paraguayan novelist (died [[2005 in literature|2005]])<ref>{{cite book|author=David William Foster|title=Augusto Roa Bastos|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yUgsAAAAMAAJ|year=1978|publisher=Twayne|isbn=978-0-8057-6348-5|page=9|access-date=2021-03-01|archive-date=2024-05-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240504060152/https://books.google.com/books?id=yUgsAAAAMAAJ|url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[June 16]] – [[Katharine Graham]], American journalist (died [[2001 in literature|2001]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Gale Cengage|title=American Newspaper Publishers, 1950-1990|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=r8oUAQAAIAAJ|year=1993|publisher=Gale Research|isbn=978-0-8103-5386-2|page=103|access-date=2021-03-01|archive-date=2024-05-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240504060152/https://books.google.com/books?id=r8oUAQAAIAAJ|url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[June 28]] – [[A. E. Hotchner]], American writer (died [[2020 in literature|2020]])<ref>{{cite book|author=A. E. Hotchner|title=Papa Hemingway: The Ecstasy and Sorrow|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GsCwAAAAIAAJ|year=1983|publisher=Morrow|isbn=978-0-688-02041-5|page=321|access-date=2021-03-01|archive-date=2024-05-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240504060158/https://books.google.com/books?id=GsCwAAAAIAAJ|url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[July 8]] – [[J. F. Powers]], American author (died [[1999 in literature|1999]])<ref>{{cite book|author1=Daniel J. Casey|author2=Robert E. Rhodes|title=Modern Irish-American Fiction: A Reader|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y1D2KCS8gfoC&pg=PA93|date=1 July 1989|publisher=Syracuse University Press|isbn=978-0-8156-0234-7|pages=93|access-date=1 March 2021|archive-date=4 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240504060152/https://books.google.com/books?id=y1D2KCS8gfoC&pg=PA93#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[July 15]] – [[Robert Conquest]], English-born historian and poet (died [[2015 in literature|2015]])<ref>{{cite book|author=United States Congress|title=The Soviet Union: Internal Dynamics of Foreign Policy, Present and Future : Hearings Before the Subcommittee on Europe and the Middle East of the Committee on International Relations, House of Representatives, Ninety-fifth Congress, First Session ...|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GCqAvaonwOoC&pg=RA1-PA328|year=1978|publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office|isbn=978-0-522-85705-4|pages=328|access-date=2021-03-01|archive-date=2024-05-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240504060152/https://books.google.com/books?id=GCqAvaonwOoC&pg=RA1-PA328#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[August 24]] – [[Ruth Park]], New Zealand children's writer (died [[2010 in literature|2010]])
*[[October 5]] – [[Magda Szabó]], Hungarian novelist, dramatist and essayist (died [[2007 in literature|2007]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Steven Serafin|title=Twentieth-century Eastern European Writers: First series|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HXwrAQAAMAAJ|year=1999|publisher=Gale Group|isbn=978-0-7876-3109-3|page=352|access-date=2021-03-01|archive-date=2024-05-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240504060152/https://books.google.com/books?id=HXwrAQAAMAAJ|url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[October 24]] – [[Denys Val Baker]], Welsh writer (died [[1984 in literature|1984]])<ref>{{cite book|author=R. Reginald|title=Science Fiction and Fantasy Literature: A Checklist, 1700-1974 : with Contemporary Science Fiction Authors II|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QfEzAQAAIAAJ|year=1979|publisher=Gale Research Company|isbn=978-0-8103-1051-3|page=804}}</ref>
*[[October 31]] – [[Patience Gray]], English cookery and travel writer (died [[2005 in literature|2005]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Lawrence Goldman|title=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 2005-2008|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nbGcAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA451|date=7 March 2013|publisher=OUP Oxford|isbn=978-0-19-967154-0|pages=451}}</ref>
*[[November 3]] – [[Conor Cruise O'Brien]], Irish biographer and political writer (died [[2008 in literature|2008]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Gordon Gillespie|title=The A to Z of the Northern Ireland Conflict|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NFr9NteKEagC&pg=PA189|date=24 September 2009|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=978-0-8108-7045-1|pages=189}}</ref>
*[[November 12]] – [[Leila Berg]], English children's author and education writer (died [[2012 in literature|2015]])<ref>{{cite book|title=Twentieth-century Children's Writers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_DBdDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA117|date=10 November 1978|publisher=Macmillan International Higher Education|isbn=978-1-349-03648-6|pages=117}}</ref>
*[[November 28]] – [[Marni Hodgkin]] (Marion Rous), American children's book editor (died [[2015 in literature|2015]])
*[[December 14]] – [[Tove Ditlevsen]], Danish poet and fiction writer (suicide [[1976 in literature|1976]])
*[[December 16]] – Sir [[Arthur C. Clarke]], English fiction writer (died [[2008 in literature|2008]])
*[[December 21]]
**[[Diana Athill]], English author and editor (died [[2019 in literature|2019]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Diana Athill|title=Life Class: The Selected Memoirs of Diana Athill|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D1YZWY8TvDkC&pg=PT14|year=2010|publisher=Granta|isbn=978-1-84708-146-9|pages=14}}</ref>
**[[Heinrich Böll]], German [[Nobel Prize]] winning novelist (died [[1985 in literature|1985]])<ref>{{cite book|title=European Writers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o4hZAAAAMAAJ|year=1983|publisher=Scribner|isbn=978-0-684-16594-3|page=3165}}</ref>
*[[December 27]] – [[Onni Palaste]], Finnish novelist (died [[2009 in literature|2009]])<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hs.fi/muistot/art-2000002624933.html|title=Onni Palaste|language=fi|website=Helsingin Sanomat|access-date=March 1, 2021|archive-date=May 4, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240504060942/https://www.hs.fi/muistot/art-2000002624933.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
*''date unknown'' – [[Fadwa Tuqan]], Palestinian poet (died [[2003 in literature|2003]])<ref name="Stanton1987">{{cite book|author=Domna C. Stanton|title=The Female Autograph: Theory and Practice of Autobiography from the Tenth to the Twentieth Century|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TNL3_I8XZ9wC&pg=PA187|year=1987|publisher=University of Chicago Press|isbn=978-0-226-77121-2|pages=187|access-date=2020-11-13|archive-date=2024-05-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240504060928/https://books.google.com/books?id=TNL3_I8XZ9wC&pg=PA187#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Deaths==
*[[January 15]] – [[William De Morgan]], English novelist and potter (born [[1839 in literature|1839]])
*[[January 18]] – [[Andrew Murray (minister)|Andrew Murray]], South African minister, writer and teacher (born [[1828 in literature|1828]])<ref>{{cite book|author=J. Gordon Melton|title=Encyclopedia of Protestantism|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bW3sXBjnokkC&pg=PA390|year=2005|publisher=Infobase Publishing|isbn=978-0-8160-6983-5|pages=390|access-date=2020-11-13|archive-date=2024-05-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240504061202/https://books.google.com/books?id=bW3sXBjnokkC&pg=PA390#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[January 20]] – [[Agnes Leonard Hill]], American author, journalist, enangelist, social reformer (born [[1842 in literature|1842]])
*February – [[Emma Pike Ewing]], American author and educator (born [[1838 in literature|1838]])
*[[February 16]] – [[Octave Mirbeau]], French novelist and critic (born [[1848 in literature|1848]])
*[[April 3]] – [[Arthur Graeme West]], English war poet and military writer (killed in action, born [[1891 in literature|1891]])
*[[April 9]]
**[[Edward Thomas (poet)|Edward Thomas]], British poet and prose writer (killed in action, born [[1878 in literature|1878]])<ref>{{Cite book |authorlink=Matthew Hollis |last=Hollis |first=Matthew |year=2011 |title=[[Now All Roads Lead to France]]: The Last Years of Edward Thomas|location=London |publisher=Faber and Faber |isbn=978-0-571-24598-7}}</ref>
**[[R. E. Vernède]], English war poet (killed in action, born [[1875 in literature|1875]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Janet S. K. Watson|title=Fighting Different Wars: Experience, Memory, and the First World War in Britain|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2lngjC7hKcAC&pg=PA43|date=19 February 2004|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-83153-6|pages=43|access-date=13 November 2020|archive-date=4 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240504060930/https://books.google.com/books?id=2lngjC7hKcAC&pg=PA43#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[April 14]] – [[L. L. Zamenhof]], Polish creator of Esperanto (born [[1859 in literature|1859]])
*[[April 17]] – [[Jane Barlow]], Irish novelist and poet (born [[1856 in literature|1856]])
*[[April 21]] – [[F. C. Burnand]], English dramatist and editor (born [[1836 in literature|1836]])<ref>Stedman, Jane W. [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/32183 "Burnand, Sir Francis Cowley (1836–1917)"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305121147/http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/32183 |date=2016-03-05 }}, ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'', Oxford University Press, September 2004, accessed 8 June 2014, {{doi|10.1093/ref:odnb/32183}} {{ODNBsub}}</ref>
*[[May 13]] – [[Gustav Jäger (naturalist)|Gustav Jaeger]], German naturalist (born [[1832 in literature|1832]])
*June (date unknown) - [[Katharine Sarah Macquoid]], British novelist and travel writer (born [[1824 in literature|1824]])
*[[June 1]] – [[Joseph Ashby-Sterry]], English poet and comic writer (born 1836 or 1838)
*[[June 18]] – [[Titu Maiorescu]], Romanian culture critic, philosopher, and politician (born [[1840 in literature|1840]])<ref>{{cite book|title=Great Britain and the East|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QMJCAQAAMAAJ|year=1917|page=189|access-date=2021-01-08|archive-date=2024-05-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240504060928/https://books.google.com/books?id=QMJCAQAAMAAJ|url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[July 31]]
**[[Francis Ledwidge]], English war poet (killed in action, born [[1887 in literature|1887]])<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.cwgc.org/find-war-dead/casualty/101111 |title=Casualty details—Ledwidge, Francis Edward |website=[[Commonwealth War Graves Commission]] |access-date=19 February 2010 |archive-date=4 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240504060937/https://www.cwgc.org/find-records/find-war-dead/casualty-details/101111/francis-edward-ledwidge/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
**[[Hedd Wyn]], Welsh-language poet (killed in action, born [[1887 in literature|1887]])<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.llgc.org.uk/index.php?id=3790 |publisher=National Library of Wales |title=Manuscripts: Yr Arwr, Hedd Wyn |accessdate=2013-02-24 |archive-date=2013-04-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130430045112/http://www.llgc.org.uk/index.php?id=3790 |url-status=live }}</ref>
*[[August 15]] – [[Martha Capps Oliver]], American poet and hymnwriter (born [[1845 in literature|1845]])<ref name="FamilySearch">{{cite web |title=Martha W. Capps 27 August 1845 – 15 August 1917 • K637-F1B |url=https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K637-F1B |website=ident.familysearch.org |access-date=17 July 2022 |archive-date=19 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719171131/https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/K637-F1B |url-status=live }}</ref>
*[[September 28]] – [[T. E. Hulme]], English critic (killed in action, born [[1883 in literature|1883]])
*[[October 16]] – [[Walter Flex]], German author (died of wounds, born [[1887 in literature|1887]])
*[[November 15]] – [[Émile Durkheim]], French sociologist (born [[1858 in literature|1858]])
*[[November 16]] – [[Georges de Peyrebrune]], French novelist (born [[1841 in literature|1841]])<ref>Nelly Sanchez, ''Georges de Peyrebrune : De la Société des gens de lettres au jury du prix Vie Heureuse'', Classiques Garnier, "Correspondances et Mémoires", 2016, 177 pages</ref>
*[[November 18]] – [[Adrien Bertrand]], French novelist (died of wounds, born [[1888 in literature|1888]])<ref>{{Cite book |last=Cross |first=Tim |title=The Lost Voices of World War I |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |location=London |year=1988 |isbn=0-7475-4276-7}}</ref>
*[[December 27]] – [[George Diamandy]], Romanian journalist, dramatist, and political figure (angina, born [[1867 in literature|1867]])

==Awards==
*[[Nobel Prize for Literature]]: [[Karl Adolph Gjellerup]], [[Henrik Pontoppidan]]

==See also==
*[[World War I in literature]]

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

{{Year in literature article categories}}