Editing 1901

{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2011}}
{{Events by month|1901}}
{{About year|1901}}
{{Year nav|1901}}
{{C20 year in topic}}
{{Year article header|1901}}

[[December 13]] of this year is the beginning of signed [[32-bit computing|32-bit]] [[Unix time]], and is scheduled to end in [[Year 2038 problem|January 19, 2038]].

== Summary ==

=== Political and military ===
1901 started with the [[Federation of Australia|unification]] of multiple [[Crown colony|British colonies]] in Australia on January 1 to form the [[Australia|Commonwealth of Australia]] after a [[1898–1900 Australian constitutional referendums|referendum]] in [[1900]], Subsequently, the [[1901 Australian federal election|1901 Australian election]] would see the first [[Prime Minister of Australia|Australian prime minister]], [[Edmund Barton]]. On the same day, Nigeria became a [[Colonial Nigeria|British protectorate]].

Following this, the [[Victorian era|Victorian Era]] would come to a end after [[Queen Victoria]] died on January 22 after a reign of 63 years and 216 days, which was [[List of monarchs in Britain by length of reign|longer than those of any of her predecessors]], Her son, [[Edward VII]], succeeded her to the throne.

== Events ==

=== January ===
{{Main|January 1901}}
[[File:Flag of Australia.svg|110px|thumb|January 1: The [[Commonwealth of Australia]] forms as [[British overseas territories|British colonies]] [[Federation of Australia|federate]].]]
[[File:Edward vii england.jpg|110px|thumb|January 22: King [[Edward VII]] ascends the [[British monarchy|British throne]].]]
* [[January 1]]
** The [[Crown colony|British colonies]] of [[New South Wales]], [[Queensland]], [[South Australia]], [[Tasmania]], [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]] and [[Western Australia]] [[Federation of Australia|federate]] as the [[Australia|Commonwealth of Australia]]; [[Edmund Barton]] becomes the first [[Prime Minister of Australia]].
** [[Nigeria]] becomes a British protectorate.
* [[January 9]] &ndash; [[Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener|Lord Kitchener]] reports that [[Christiaan de Wet]] has shot one of the "peace" envoys, and flogged two more, who had gone to his commando to ask the Burgher citizens of South Africa to halt fighting.<ref>{{cite book | last=Grant | first=Neil | title=Chronicle of 20th Century Conflict | year=1993 | publisher=Reed International Books Ltd. & Smithmark Publishers Inc. | location=New York City | isbn=978-0-8317-1371-3 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/chronicleof20thc00gran/page/18 18–19] | url-access=registration | url=https://archive.org/details/chronicleof20thc00gran/page/18 }}</ref>
* [[January 22]] &ndash; [[Queen Victoria]] of the United Kingdom dies at [[Osborne House]] on the [[Isle of Wight]]. She is 81 years old and, having ruled for nearly 64 years, will be the second longest-reigning monarch in [[British history]].<ref name="Pocket On This Day">{{cite book|title=Penguin Pocket On This Day|publisher=Penguin Reference Library|isbn=0-14-102715-0|year=2006}}</ref> Her eldest son, Prince Albert Edward, "Bertie", the longest-serving [[Prince of Wales]] to this time, succeeds his mother at the age of 59, reigning as [[King Edward VII]], of the [[United Kingdom]] and in innovation the [[British Dominions]] and also becoming [[Emperor of India]].<ref>{{cite book|first=Derrik|last=Mercer|title=Chronicle of the Royal Family|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ivo9okUs30wC|date=February 1993|publisher=Chronicle Communications|isbn=978-1-872031-20-0|page=478|access-date=November 11, 2020|archive-date=December 7, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207121924/https://books.google.com/books?id=ivo9okUs30wC|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[January 31]] &ndash; [[Anton Chekhov]]'s play ''[[Three Sisters (play)|Three Sisters]]'' (Три сeстры, ''Tri sestry'') is premiered at the [[Moscow Art Theatre]].<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Three Sisters|encyclopedia=Historical Dictionary of Russian Theater|first=Laurence|last=Senelick|author-link=Laurence Senelick|publisher=Scarecrow Press|year=2007|page=401}}</ref>

=== February ===
{{Main|February 1901}}
* [[February 2]] &ndash; The [[State funeral of Queen Victoria]], held at [[St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle]], UK, is attended by many European royals, including [[Wilhelm II, German Emperor|Kaiser Wilhelm II]] and [[Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thamesweb.co.uk/windsor/windsorhistory/royalfunerals/qvicfuneral01.html |title=The Funeral at Windsor of Queen Victoria|website=The Royal Windsor Website.com|publisher=ThamesWeb|access-date=2017-01-22 |archive-date=October 18, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161018223811/http://www.thamesweb.co.uk/windsor/windsorhistory/royalfunerals/qvicfuneral01.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[February 12]] &ndash; [[Viceroy of India]] [[Lord Curzon]] creates the new [[North-West Frontier Province (1901–55)|North-West Frontier Province]] in the north of the [[Punjab region]], bordering [[Emirate of Afghanistan|Afghanistan]].
* [[February 14]] &ndash; [[Edward VII]] opens his first [[parliament of the United Kingdom]].
* [[February 20]] &ndash; The [[Hawaii|Hawaii Territory]] Legislature convenes for the first time.
* [[February 22]] &ndash; The [[Pacific Mail Steamship Company]]'s {{SS|City of Rio de Janeiro}} sinks entering [[San Francisco Bay]], killing 128.
* [[February 23]] &ndash; The [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|United Kingdom]] and [[German Empire|Germany]] agree on the frontier between [[German East Africa]] and [[Nyasaland]].
* [[February 25]] &ndash; [[U.S. Steel]] is incorporated by industrialist [[J. P. Morgan]], as the first billion-dollar corporation.
* [[February 26]]
** Chi-hsui and Hsu-cheng-yu, [[Boxer Rebellion]] leaders, are executed in [[Peking]].
** The [[Middelburg, Mpumalanga|Middelburg]] peace conference fails in South Africa, as [[Boers]] continue to demand autonomy.
* [[February 27]] &ndash; The Sultan of [[Ottoman Empire|Turkey]] orders 50,000 troops to the [[Principality of Bulgaria|Bulgaria]]n frontier because of unrest in [[Macedonia (region)|Macedonia]].

=== March ===
{{Main|March 1901}}
[[File:Wilhelm II (1).jpg|110px|thumb|March 6: [[Wilhelm II, German Emperor]], survives an assassination attempt.]]
* [[March 1]]
** The [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|United Kingdom]], [[German Empire|Germany]] and [[Empire of Japan|Japan]] protest the [[Qing dynasty|Sino]]-[[Russian Empire|Russia]]n agreement on [[Manchuria]].
** The 1901 [[Census of India]] is taken, the fourth, and first reliable, [[census]] of the [[British Raj]].
* [[March 2]] &ndash; The [[United States Congress]] passes the [[Platt Amendment]], limiting the autonomy of [[Cuba]] as a condition for the withdrawal of American troops.
* [[March 5]] &ndash; [[Irish nationalist]] demonstrators are ejected by police from the [[House of Commons of the United Kingdom]] in London.
* [[March 6]] &ndash; In [[Bremen (city)|Bremen]], an assassination attempt is made on [[Wilhelm II, German Emperor]].
* [[March 17]] &ndash; The first large-scale showing of [[Van Gogh]]'s paintings takes place in Paris, as 71 are shown at the [[Bernheim-Jeune]] gallery, 11 years after his death.<ref name="auto">{{cite book|first=Jacques|last=Legrand|title=Chronicle of the 20th Century|publisher=Ecam Publication|year=1987|isbn=0-942191-01-3}}</ref>
* [[March 31]]
** A 7.2 {{M|w|link=y}} [[1901 Black Sea earthquake|Black Sea earthquake]] occurs off the northeast coast of Bulgaria, with a maximum intensity of X (''Extreme''). A destructive tsunami affects the [[Dobrich Province|province of Dobrich]].
** The [[United Kingdom Census 1901]] is taken. The number of people employed in manufacturing is at its highest-ever level.

=== April ===
{{Main|April 1901}}
* [[April 19]] &ndash; The [[First Philippine Republic]] is formally dissolved, after president [[Emilio Aguinaldo]] calls all Filipino forces to lay down arms and cease hostilities.
* [[April 29]] &ndash; [[Antisemitism|Anti-Semitic]] rioting breaks out in [[Budapest]].

=== May ===
{{Main|May 1901}}
* [[May 5]] &ndash; The [[Caste War of Yucatán]] in Mexico officially ends, although [[Maya peoples|Maya]]n skirmishers continue sporadic fighting for another decade.
* [[May 9]] &ndash; The first [[Australian Parliament]] opens in [[Melbourne]].
* [[May 17]] &ndash; [[Panic of 1901]]: The [[New York Stock Exchange]] crashes.
* [[May 24]] &ndash; 81 miners are killed in an accident at Universal Colliery, [[Senghenydd]] in [[South Wales]].
* [[May 25]] &ndash; The [[Club Atlético River Plate]] is founded in [[Argentina]].
* [[May 28]] &ndash; [[D'Arcy Concession]]: [[Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar]] of Persia grants British businessman [[William Knox D'Arcy]] a concession giving him an exclusive right to prospect for oil.

===June===
{{Main|June 1901}}
[[File:Flag of Cuba.svg|110px|thumb|June 12: [[Cuba]] becomes a United States [[protectorate]].]]
* [[June 12]] &ndash; [[Cuba]] becomes a United States [[protectorate]].
* [[June 15]] &ndash; {{RMS|Lucania}} is the first [[Cunard Line]] ship to receive a wireless radio set.
* [[June 18]] &ndash; British peace campaigner [[Emily Hobhouse]] reports on the high mortality and cruel conditions in the [[Second Boer War concentration camps]].<ref name="SAHO W&C">{{cite web|url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/chronology/special-chrono/governance/mainframe-womencamp.htm|title=Women & Children in White Concentration Camps during the Anglo-Boer War|website=South African History Online|access-date=2024-08-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110607091953/http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/chronology/special-chrono/governance/mainframe-womencamp.htm|archive-date=2011-06-07|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[June 24]] 
** The first showing of [[Picasso]]'s paintings in Paris as the 19-year-old Spanish artist exhibits his work at [[Ambroise Vollard]]'s gallery.<ref name="auto" />
** English Association Football Club [[Brighton & Hove Albion F.C.|Brighton & Hove Albion]] is formed by John Jackson to replace the amateur Brighton and Hove Rangers, following a meeting at the Seven Stars Hotel on Ship Street, [[Brighton]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brighton & Hove Albion |url=https://www.brightonandhovealbion.com/club/history/club-history/formation#:~:text=Brighton%20and%20Hove%20are%20twin,founded%20Brighton%20United%20in%201897. |access-date=2023-05-15 |website=www.brightonandhovealbion.com |language=en |archive-date=2023-05-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515183116/https://www.brightonandhovealbion.com/club/history/club-history/formation#:~:text=Brighton%20and%20Hove%20are%20twin,founded%20Brighton%20United%20in%201897. |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== July–August ===
{{Main|July 1901}}
{{Main|August 1901}}
* [[July 1]] &ndash; The first [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|United Kingdom]] [[Fingerprint]] Bureau is established at [[Scotland Yard]], the [[Metropolitan Police]] headquarters in London, by [[Edward Henry]].
* [[July 4]]
** The 1,282 foot (390 m) covered bridge crossing the [[Saint John River (Bay of Fundy)|Saint John River]] at [[Hartland, New Brunswick]], Canada opens. It is the longest [[covered bridge]] in the world.
** [[William Howard Taft]] becomes [[Governor-General of the Philippines]].
* [[July 10]] &ndash; The world's first passenger-carrying [[trolleybus]] in regular service operates on the [[Biela Valley Trolleybus]] route at [[Königstein, Saxony|Königstein]], Germany.
* [[August 5]] &ndash; [[Peter O'Connor (athlete)|Peter O'Connor]] sets the first [[International Association of Athletics Federations]] recognised [[long jump]] [[athletics world record|world record]], of 24&nbsp;ft 11¾ ins (7.61m). The record will stand for 20 years.
* [[August 6]] &ndash; [[Discovery Expedition|''Discovery'' Expedition]]: [[Robert Falcon Scott]] sets sail from Britain on the [[RRS Discovery|RRS ''Discovery'']] to explore the [[Ross Sea]] in Antarctica.
* [[August 14]] &ndash; The first claimed [[Aviation|powered flight]] is made, by German-born American aviator [[Gustave Whitehead]], in his ''[[Whitehead No. 21|Number 21]]'', in [[Connecticut]].
* [[August 21]] &ndash; The [[International Secretariat of National Trade Union Centres]] is founded in [[Copenhagen]].
* [[August 30]] &ndash; [[Hubert Cecil Booth]] [[patent]]s an electric [[vacuum cleaner]], in the United Kingdom.

=== September ===
{{Main|September 1901}}
[[File:McKinleyAssassination.jpg|110px|thumb|[[September 6]]: US President [[William McKinley]] is shot and fatally wounded.]]
[[File:BoxerSoldiers.jpg|110px|thumb|September 7: The [[Boxer Rebellion]] in China ends with the signing of the [[Peking Protocol]].]]
* [[September 5]] &ndash; The National Association of Professional Baseball Leagues (later renamed [[Minor League Baseball]]), is formed in Chicago.
* [[September 6]] &ndash; [[William McKinley assassination]]: American anarchist [[Leon Czolgosz]] shoots U.S. President [[William McKinley]] at the [[Pan-American Exposition]] in [[Buffalo, New York]]. McKinley dies 8 days later.
* [[September 7]] &ndash; The [[Boxer Rebellion]] in [[Qing dynasty]] China officially ends with the signing of the [[Boxer Protocol]].
* [[September 14]] &ndash; Vice President [[Theodore Roosevelt]] becomes the 26th president of the United States, upon President [[William McKinley]]'s death.
* [[September 28]] &ndash; [[Philippine–American War]]: [[Balangiga massacre]]: Filipino guerrillas kill more than forty United States soldiers in a surprise attack in the town of [[Balangiga]].

=== October ===
{{Main|October 1901}}
* [[October 2]] &ndash; The British [[Royal Navy]]'s first [[submarine]], ''[[Holland 1]]'', is launched at [[Barrow-in-Furness]].
* [[October 4]] &ndash; The American yacht ''[[Columbia (1899 yacht)|Columbia]]'' defeats the British ''[[Shamrock (yacht)|Shamrock]]'' in the [[America's Cup]] yachting race in New York.
* [[October 24]] &ndash; [[Michigan]] schoolteacher [[Annie Edson Taylor]] goes over [[Niagara Falls]] in a barrel and survives.
* [[October 29]] 
**[[Leon Czolgosz]] is [[Capital punishment|executed]] in the electric chair for the [[assassination of William McKinley]] in [[Buffalo, New York]] on September 6.
**In [[Amherst, New York]], nurse [[Jane Toppan]] is arrested for murdering the Davis family of [[Boston]] with an overdose of [[morphine]]; she will confess to at least 31 killings.

=== November ===
{{Main|November 1901}}
* [[November 1]] &ndash; The [[Sigma Phi Epsilon]] college fraternity is founded in [[Richmond, Virginia]].
* [[November 9]] &ndash; [[Rachmaninoff]]'s [[Piano Concerto No. 2 (Rachmaninoff)|Piano Concerto No. 2]] is premiered in [[Moscow]] with the composer playing the solo part.<ref>{{cite book|first=Paul|last=Griffiths|title=The Penguin Companion to Classical Music|year=2004}}</ref>
* [[November 13]] &ndash; [[1901 Caister lifeboat disaster]]: a life-boat capsizes on service on the east coast of England during a great storm; nine of the twelve crew on board are killed. This gives ride to the lifeboatmen's motto "Never turn back."
* [[November 15]] &ndash; The [[Alpha Sigma Alpha]] fraternity is founded at [[Longwood University]] in [[Farmville, Virginia]].
* [[November 18]] &ndash; The [[Hay–Pauncefote Treaty]] is signed by the United Kingdom and United States, allowing the U.S. to build the [[Panama Canal]] under its sole control.
* [[November 25]] &ndash; [[Auguste Deter]] is first examined by [[German Empire|German]] [[psychiatrist]] Dr. [[Alois Alzheimer]], leading to a diagnosis of the [[Alzheimer's disease|condition that will carry Alzheimer's name]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.whonamedit.com/doctor.cfm/177.html|title=Alois Alzheimer|website=[[Who Named It?|Whonamedit?]]|access-date=2011-10-21|archive-date=March 25, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100325195844/http://www.whonamedit.com/doctor.cfm/177.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== December ===
{{Main|December 1901}}
* [[December 3]]
** U.S. President [[Theodore Roosevelt]] delivers a 20,000-word speech to the [[United States House of Representatives]] asking Congress to curb the power of [[Trust (19th century)|trusts]] "within reasonable limits".
** The [[Immigration Restriction Act 1901]] is passed by the new [[Parliament of Australia]] as the basis of a [[White Australia]] policy.<ref>{{cite book |first=Hans-Jürgen |last=Ohff |title=Disastrous Ventures: German and British Enterprises in East New Guinea up to 1914 |publisher=Plenum Publishing |year=2015}}</ref>
* [[December 10]] &ndash; The first [[Nobel Prize]] ceremony is held in [[Stockholm]], on the fifth anniversary of [[Alfred Nobel]]'s death.
* [[December 12]] &ndash; [[Guglielmo Marconi]] receives the first trans-Atlantic radio signal, sent from [[Poldhu]], England, to [[St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador|St. John's]], [[Newfoundland and Labrador|Newfoundland]]; it is the letter "S" in [[Morse code]].<ref>{{cite book|first=Gordon|last=Bussey|title=Marconi's Atlantic Leap|location=Coventry|publisher=Marconi|year=2000|isbn=978-0-9538967-0-7}}</ref>
* [[December 20]] &ndash; The final spike is driven into the [[Uganda Railway|Mombasa–Victoria–Uganda Railway]], in modern-day [[Kisumu]], [[Kenya]].

=== Date unknown ===
* The [[okapi]] is observed for the first time by Europeans (previously known only to African natives).
* New Zealand inventor [[Ernest Godward]] invents the [[spiral hairpin]].
* German engineer [[Richard Fiedler]] invents the modern [[flamethrower]], the [[Kleinflammenwerfer]].
* American businessman [[William S. Harley]] draws up plans for his first prototype [[Harley-Davidson|motorcycle]].
* AB Lux, as the predecessor of [[Electrolux]], founded in Sweden.<ref>[[:sv:Luxlampa/Luxlampan]] (Swedish language edition). Retrieved December 2018.</ref>
* [[United States|American]] retail [[pharmacy]] [[Walgreens]] is founded in [[Chicago]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Garside |first=Juliette |title=Walgreens: a short history |url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2012/jun/19/walgreens-short-history |work=The Guardian |access-date=3 July 2020 |location=London |date=19 June 2012 |archive-date=July 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200704214456/https://www.theguardian.com/business/2012/jun/19/walgreens-short-history |url-status=live }}</ref>
* The [[Intercollegiate Prohibition Association]] is established in Chicago.
* The [[Bulgarian Women's Union]] is founded.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Haan |first1=Francisca de |last2=Daskalova |first2=Krasimira |last3=Loutfi |first3=Anna |title=Biographical Dictionary of Women's Movements and Feminisms in Central, Eastern, and South Eastern Europe: 19th and 20th Centuries |date=2006 |publisher=Central European University Press |isbn=978-963-7326-39-4 |page=235 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hsgQjbgBOAkC&pg=PA235 |language=en |access-date=September 21, 2020 |archive-date=December 7, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207121924/https://books.google.com/books?id=hsgQjbgBOAkC&pg=PA235#v=onepage&q&f=false |url-status=live }}</ref>
* ''[[Splošno slovensko žensko društvo ]]'', the first women's organisation in Slovenia, is founded.

== Births ==

=== January ===
[[File:Ngo Dinh Diem - Thumbnail - ARC 542189.png|thumb|100px|[[Ngo Dinh Diem|Ngô Đình Diệm]]]]
[[File:Fulgencio Batista, 1938.jpg|100px|thumb|[[Fulgencio Batista]]]]
* [[January 1]] &ndash; [[George of Drama]], Greek [[Eastern Orthodox Church|Orthodox]] priest, elder and saint (d. [[1959]])
* [[January 3]] &ndash; [[Ngô Đình Diệm]], 1st president of South Vietnam (d. [[1963]])
* [[January 4]] &ndash; [[C. L. R. James]], Trinidad-born writer, journalist (d. [[1989]])
* [[January 7]] &ndash; [[Teodora Fracasso]], Italian [[Roman Catholic]] religious professed (d. [[1927]])
* [[January 9]] &ndash; [[Vilma Bánky]], Hungarian-born American actress (d. [[1991]])
* [[January 10]] &ndash; [[Henning von Tresckow]], German Wehrmacht Major General (d. [[1944]])
* [[January 11]] &ndash; [[Kwon Ki-ok]], Korean pilot (d. [[1988]])
* [[January 13]]
** [[A. B. Guthrie Jr.]], American novelist and historian (d. [[1991]])
** [[Wilhelm Hanle]], German physicist (d. [[1993]])
* [[January 14]]
** [[Bebe Daniels]], American actress (d. [[1971]])
** [[Alfred Tarski]], Polish logician and mathematician (d. [[1983]])
* [[January 16]] &ndash; [[Fulgencio Batista]], Cuban leader (d. [[1973]])
* [[January 17]] &ndash; [[Susana Calandrelli]], Argentine writer and teacher (d. [[1978]])
* [[January 22]] &ndash; [[Alberto Hurtado]], Chilean [[Jesuit]] priest and saint (d. [[1952]])
* [[January 25]] &ndash; [[Mildred Dunnock]], American actress (d. [[1991]]) 
* [[January 27]] &ndash; [[Art Rooney]], American football team owner (d. [[1988]])
* [[January 29]] &ndash; [[E. P. Taylor]], Canadian business tycoon (d. [[1989]])
* [[January 30]]
** [[Samir Al-Rifai]], 9th [[Prime Minister of Jordan]] (d. [[1965]])
** [[Rudolf Caracciola]], German race car driver (d. [[1959]])

=== February ===
[[File:Clark Gable - publicity.JPG|thumb|100px|[[Clark Gable]]]]
[[File:Muhammad Naguib 1953.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Mohamed Naguib]]]]
[[File:L Pauling.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Linus Pauling]]]]
* [[February 1]]
** [[Frank Buckles]], last surviving American veteran of World War I (d. [[2011]])
** [[Clark Gable]], American actor (d. [[1960]])<ref>{{cite book|title=Views & Reviews|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b-sfAQAAMAAJ|year=1971|publisher=Views & Rewiews Productions|page=4|access-date=March 11, 2021|archive-date=December 7, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207121924/https://books.google.com/books?id=b-sfAQAAMAAJ|url-status=live}}</ref>
** [[Langston Hughes]], African-American writer (d. [[1967]])
* [[February 2]] &ndash; [[Jascha Heifetz]], Lithuanian violinist (d. [[1987]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Artur Weschler-Vered|title=Jascha Heifetz|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=glUIAQAAMAAJ|year=1986|publisher=Robert Hale|isbn=978-0-7090-2542-9|page=17|access-date=March 11, 2021|archive-date=December 7, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207121934/https://books.google.com/books?id=glUIAQAAMAAJ|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[February 3]] &ndash; [[Arvid Wallman]], Swedish diver (d. [[1982]])<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.olympic.org/arvid-wallman|title=Arvid Wallman|website=IOC|access-date=March 11, 2021|archive-date=October 7, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161007122857/https://www.olympic.org/arvid-wallman|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[February 9]] 
** [[Brian Donlevy]], American actor (d. [[1972]])
** [[Sebastiaan Matheus Sigismund de Ranitz (1901–1987)|Sebastiaan Matheus Sigismund de Ranitz]], Dutch jurist and Nazi collaborator (d. [[1987]])<ref>{{cite web
 |publisher=[[Parlementair Documentatie Centrum]]
 |url=https://www.parlement.com/id/vh6o3122gkro/s_m_s_de_ranitz
 |date=
 |access-date = 11 June 2024
|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220127074101/https://www.parlement.com/id/vh6o3122gkro/s_m_s_de_ranitz
 |archive-date=27 January 2022
|title=Jhr.Mr. S.M.S. de Ranitz
 |language=Dutch
}}</ref>
* [[February 10]] &ndash; [[Stella Adler]], American actress, acting teacher (d. [[1992]])
* [[February 15]] &ndash; [[Kenneth Callow]], British biochemist (d. [[1983]])
* [[February 16]] &ndash; [[Chester Morris]], American actor (d. [[1970]])
* [[February 20]] &ndash; [[Mohammed Naguib]], 30th [[Prime Minister of Egypt]] and 1st [[President of Egypt]] (d. [[1984]])
* [[February 25]] &ndash; [[Zeppo Marx]], American comedian (d. [[1979]])
* [[February 28]] &ndash; [[Linus Pauling]], American chemist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry]] and [[Nobel Peace Prize|Peace]] (d. [[1994]])<ref>{{cite book|author=United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee to Investigate the Administration of the Internal Security Act and Other Internal Security Laws|title=Testimony of Dr. Linus Pauling: Hearings Before the United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=f1pFAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA4|year=1960|publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office|pages=4|access-date=March 11, 2021|archive-date=December 7, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207122040/https://books.google.com/books?id=f1pFAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA4#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== March ===
[[File:Eisaku Sato 1960.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Eisaku Satō]]]]
* [[March 3]] &ndash; [[Claude Choules]], British World War I veteran, last surviving combat veteran from any nation (d. [[2011]])
* [[March 4]] &ndash; [[Jean-Joseph Rabearivelo]], Malagasy poet (d. [[1937]])
* [[March 13]] &ndash; [[Paul Fix]], American actor (d. [[1983]])
* [[March 23]] &ndash; [[Bhakti Hridaya Bon]], Indian guru, religious writer (d. [[1982]])
* [[March 24]] &ndash; [[Ub Iwerks]], American cartoonist (d. [[1971]])
* [[March 25]] &ndash; [[Ed Begley]], American actor (d. [[1970]])
* [[March 26]] &ndash; [[Teresa Demjanovich]], American [[Roman Catholic]] religious professed and blessed (d. [[1927]])
* [[March 27]]
** [[Carl Barks]], American cartoonist, screenwriter (d. [[2000]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Lenburg |first1=Jeff |title=Who's who in Animated Cartoons: An International Guide to Film & Television's Award-winning and Legendary Animators |date=2006 |publisher=Hal Leonard Corporation |isbn=978-1-55783-671-7 |page=20 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FVShFCjVzvIC&pg=PA20 |language=en |access-date=March 18, 2023 |archive-date=April 7, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230407153232/https://books.google.com/books?id=FVShFCjVzvIC&pg=PA20 |url-status=live }}</ref>
** [[Enrique Santos Discépolo]], Argentine tango, milonga musician and composer (d. [[1951]])
** [[Eisaku Satō]], Prime Minister of Japan, recipient of the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] (d. [[1975]])<ref>{{cite web |title=The Nobel Peace Prize 1974 |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1974/sato/facts/ |website=NobelPrize.org |access-date=12 November 2022 |archive-date=June 4, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230604071307/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1974/sato/facts/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
** [[Kenneth Slessor]], Australian poet (d. [[1971]])

=== April ===
[[File:Rene Pleven.jpg|thumb|100px|[[René Pleven]]]]
[[File:Hirohito wartime(cropped).jpg|thumb|100px|Emperor [[Hirohito]]]]
* [[April 1]] &ndash; [[Whittaker Chambers]], American spy (d. [[1961]])
* [[April 5]] &ndash; [[Melvyn Douglas]], American actor (d. [[1981]])
* [[April 13]] &ndash; [[Jacques Lacan]], French psychoanalyst, psychiatrist (d. [[1981]])
* [[April 15]]
** [[Joe Davis]], English snooker, billiards player (d. [[1978]])
** [[René Pleven]], prime minister of France (d. [[1993]])
* [[April 16]] &ndash; [[Lajos Dinnyés]], 41st prime minister of Hungary (d. [[1961]])
* [[April 29]] &ndash; [[Hirohito]], [[List of Emperors of Japan|Emperor of Japan]] (d. [[1989]])
* [[April 30]] &ndash; [[Simon Kuznets]], Ukrainian-born American economist, [[Nobel Prize in Economics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1985]])

=== May ===
[[File:Gary Cooper (1952).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Gary Cooper]]]]
* [[May 3]] &ndash; [[Gino Cervi]], Italian actor (d. [[1974]])
* [[May 7]] &ndash; [[Gary Cooper]], American actor (d. [[1961]])
* [[May 11]] &ndash; [[Rose Ausländer]], German poet (d. [[1988]])
* [[May 13]] &ndash; [[Witold Pilecki]], Polish resistance leader (executed [[1948]])
* [[May 17]] &ndash; [[Werner Egk]], German composer (d. [[1983]])<ref>{{cite book|author1=Julie Anne Sadie |author2=Stanley Sadie|title=Calling on the Composer|publisher=Yale University Press|year=2005|isbn=9780300183948|page=166}}</ref>
* [[May 18]] &ndash; [[Vincent du Vigneaud]], American chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1978]]) 
* [[May 20]] – [[Max Euwe]], Dutch chess player (d. [[1981]])
* [[May 21]]
** [[Horace Heidt]], American bandleader (d. [[1986]])
** [[Suzanne Lilar]], Belgian essayist, novelist and playwright (d. [[1992]])
* [[May 30]] &ndash; [[Mieczysław Fogg]], Polish singer and artist (d. [[1990]])
* [[May 31]] &ndash; [[Alfredo Antonini]], Italian-born American conductor and composer (d. [[1983]])

=== June ===
[[File:Chang Shueliang.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Zhang Xueliang]]]]
[[File:Presiden Sukarno.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Sukarno]]]]
* [[June 1]] &ndash; [[Tom Gorman (rugby league)|Tom Gorman]], Australian rugby league footballer (d. [[1978]])
* [[June 3]] &ndash; [[Zhang Xueliang]], Chinese military leader (d. [[2001]])
* [[June 6]] &ndash; [[Sukarno]], 1st president of Indonesia (d. [[1970]])
* [[June 7]] &ndash; [[Hugo Ballivián]], Bolivian military officer, 44th [[President of Bolivia]] (d. [[1993]])
* [[June 13]] &ndash; [[Tage Erlander]], Swedish politician, 25th prime minister of Sweden (d. [[1985]])
* [[June 16]] &ndash; [[Henri Lefebvre]], French Marxist philosopher, sociologist (d. [[1991]])
* [[June 18]] 
** [[Grand Duchess Anastasia Nikolaevna of Russia]] (d. [[1918]])<ref>{{cite web |title=BBC Two - Russia's Lost Princesses - Beyond the portraits |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/articles/HxprRdWRhF6G7zg54kFLnp/beyond-the-portraits |website=BBC |access-date=14 January 2022 |archive-date=January 14, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220114161347/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/articles/HxprRdWRhF6G7zg54kFLnp/beyond-the-portraits |url-status=live }}</ref>
** [[Denis Johnston]], Irish playwright (d. [[1984]])
* [[June 23]] &ndash; [[Chuck Taylor (salesman)|Chuck Taylor]], American basketball player, salesman (d. [[1969]])
* [[June 24]] 
** [[Marcel Mule]], French saxophonist (d. [[2001]])
** [[Harry Partch]], American composer (d. [[1974]])
* [[June 26]] &ndash; [[Stuart Symington]], American politician (d. [[1988]])
* [[June 27]] &ndash; [[Merle Tuve]], American physicist (d. [[1982]]) 
* [[June 29]] &ndash; [[Nelson Eddy]], American singer, actor (d. [[1967]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Paul T Hellmann|title=Historical Gazetteer of the United States|publisher=Taylor & Francis|year=2006|isbn=9781135948580|page=1988}}</ref>

=== July ===
[[File:Barbara_Cartland_(cropped).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Barbara Cartland]]]]
* [[July 7]]
** [[Vittorio De Sica]], Italian actor and film director (d. [[1974]])
** [[Eiji Tsuburaya]], Japanese film director and special effects designer (d. [[1970]])
* [[July 9]] 
** [[Barbara Cartland]], English novelist (d. [[2000]])
** [[Frank Finnigan]], Canadian ice hockey player (d. [[1991]])
* [[July 13]] &ndash; [[Eric Portman]], English actor (d. [[1969]])
* [[July 17]] &ndash; [[Bruno Jasieński]], Polish poet (d. [[1938]])
* [[July 24]]
**[[Mabel Albertson]], American actress (d. [[1982]])
**[[Igor Ilyinsky]], Soviet and Russian actor, comedian and director (d. [[1987]])
* [[July 28]] &ndash; [[Rudy Vallée]], American actor and jazz musician (d. [[1986]])
* [[July 31]] &ndash; [[Jean Dubuffet]], French painter (d. [[1985]])

=== August ===
[[File:Louis Armstrong restored.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Louis Armstrong]]]]
[[File:Ernest Lawrence.jpg|thumb|100px|right|[[Ernest Lawrence]]]]
[[File:Maxwell D Taylor official portrait.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Maxwell D. Taylor]]]]
* [[August 1]] &ndash; [[Francisco Guilledo|Pancho Villa]], Filipino boxer (d. [[1925]])
* [[August 4]] &ndash; [[Louis Armstrong]], American jazz musician (d. [[1971]])
* [[August 8]] &ndash; [[Ernest Lawrence]], American physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1958]])
* [[August 10]] &ndash; [[Franco Rasetti|Franco Dino Rasetti]], Italian scientist (d. [[2001]])
* [[August 20]] &ndash; [[Salvatore Quasimodo]], Italian novelist, writer and [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1968]])
* [[August 26]]
**[[Maxwell D. Taylor]], American general (d. [[1987]])
** [[Chen Yi (general)|Chen Yi]], Chinese military commander and politician (d. [[1972]])
** [[Jan de Quay]], Dutch politician, psychologist and 31st [[Prime Minister of the Netherlands]] (d. [[1985]])
* [[August 30]]
** [[John Gunther]], American writer (d. [[1970]])
** [[Roy Wilkins]], American civil rights activist (d. [[1981]])

=== September ===
[[File:Zuid Afrikaanse premier dr. H. Verwoerd, Bestanddeelnr 911-1297 (cropped).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Hendrik Verwoerd]]]]
[[File:Enrico Fermi 1943-49.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Enrico Fermi]]]]
* [[September 2]] 
** [[Andreas Embirikos]], Greek poet (d. [[1975]])
** [[Adolph Rupp]], American college basketball coach (d. [[1977]])
* [[September 4]] &ndash; [[William Lyons]], British automobile engineer, designer (d. [[1985]])
* [[September 5]] &ndash; [[Mario Scelba]], 33rd prime minister of Italy (d. [[1991]])
* [[September 7]] &ndash; [[Abdallah El-Yafi]], 7-time prime minister of Lebanon (d. [[1986]])
* [[September 8]] &ndash; [[Hendrik Verwoerd]], 6th prime minister of South Africa (d. [[1966]])
* [[September 14]] &ndash; [[Gulbrand Lunde]], Norwegian chemist and politician, Nazi collaborator (d. [[1942]])<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |last=Dahl |first=Hans Fredrik |author-link= |editor-last= |editor-first= |editor-link= |encyclopedia= |title=Gulbrand Lunde |trans-title= |url=https://nbl.snl.no/Gulbrand_Lunde |access-date=15 November 2023 |language=no |edition= |date=27 January 2023 |publisher= |series= |volume= |location= |id= |isbn= |issn= |oclc= |doi= |page= |pages= |archive-url= |archive-date= |url-status= |quote= }}</ref>
* [[September 15]] &ndash; [[Donald Bailey (civil engineer)|Sir Donald Bailey]], British civil engineer (d. [[1985]])
* [[September 16]] &ndash; [[Andrée Brunet]], French pair skater (d. [[1993]])
* [[September 17]] &ndash; Sir [[Francis Chichester]], British sailor (d. [[1972]])
* [[September 21]] &ndash; [[Learie Constantine]], Trinidad-born cricketer and race relations campaigner (d. [[1971]])
* [[September 22]] &ndash; [[Charles Brenton Huggins]], Canadian-born cancer researcher, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (d. [[1997]])
* [[September 23]] &ndash; [[Jaroslav Seifert]], Czech writer, [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1986]])
* [[September 25]] – [[Robert Bresson]], French film director (d. [[1999]])
* [[September 26]] &ndash; [[George Raft]], American film actor (d. [[1980]])
* [[September 28]]
** [[Ed Sullivan]], American entertainer (d. [[1974]])
** [[William S. Paley]], American businessman, founder of ''CBS'' (d. [[1990]])
* [[September 29]]
** [[Enrico Fermi]], Italian physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1954]])
** [[Lanza del Vasto]], Italian philosopher, poet, and activist (d. [[1981]])

=== October ===
[[File:Constant Detré (Szilárd Eduard Diettmann), Portrait of Kiki de Montparnasse (Alice Prin).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Alice Prin]]]]
* [[October 2]] &ndash; [[Alice Prin]], French singer (d. [[1953]])
* [[October 10]] &ndash; [[Alberto Giacometti]], Swiss sculptor and painter (d. [[1966]])
* [[October 19]] &ndash; [[Arleigh Burke]], American admiral (d. [[1996]])
* [[October 20]] &ndash; [[Adelaide Hall]], American jazz singer, entertainer (d. [[1993]])
* [[October 22]] &ndash; [[Wijeyananda Dahanayake]], 5th prime minister of Sri Lanka (d. [[1997]])
* [[October 29]] &ndash; [[Georges Moulène]], French footballer (d. [[1985]])

=== November ===
[[File:Leopold III van België (1934) (cropped).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Leopold III of Belgium]]]]
[[File:Fernando Tambroni-1.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Fernando Tambroni]]]]
* [[November 2]] &ndash; [[James Dunn (actor)|James Dunn]], American actor (d. [[1967]])
* [[November 3]]
** [[Prithviraj Kapoor]], Indian actor and director (d. [[1972]])
** [[Leopold III of Belgium]] (d. [[1983]])
* [[November 4]] &ndash; [[Yi Bangja]], Crown Princess of Korea (d. [[1989]])
* [[November 8]] &ndash; [[Xu Xiangqian]], Communist military leader in the People's Republic of China, defense minister (d. [[1990]])
* [[November 11]]
**[[Helen Reichert]], American broadcaster and educator (d. [[2011]])
**[[Magda Goebbels]], wife of German Propaganda Minister [[Joseph Goebbels]] (d. [[1945]])
* [[November 17]] &ndash; [[Lee Strasberg]], Polish-born American actor, acting teacher and co-founder of [[method acting]] (d. [[1982]])
* [[November 18]] &ndash; [[George Gallup]], American statistician, opinion pollster (d. [[1984]])
* [[November 22]]
** [[Lee Patrick (actress)|Lee Patrick]], American actress (d. [[1982]])
** [[Joaquín Rodrigo]], Spanish composer (d. [[1999]])
* [[November 25]] &ndash; [[Fernando Tambroni]], Italian politician, 36th [[Prime Minister of Italy]] (d. [[1963]])<ref>[http://www.archivio900.it/it/nomi/nom.aspx?id=1419 Fernando Tambroni], ''Archivio 900'' {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240105164727/http://www.archivio900.it/it/nomi/nom.aspx?id=1419 |date=January 5, 2024 }}</ref>
* [[November 28]]
**[[Roy Urquhart]], British general (d. [[1988]])
**[[Max Wagner]], Mexican-born American film actor (d. [[1975]])
* [[November 29]] &ndash; [[Mildred Harris]], American actress (d. [[1944]])

=== December ===
[[File:Walt Disney 1946.JPG|thumb|100px|right|[[Walt Disney]]]]
<!--[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild183-R57262, Werner Heisenberg.jpg|thumb|100px|right|[[Werner Heisenberg]]]]-->
[[File:Marlene Dietrich in Jerusalem during a 1960 concert tour of Israel - Photo by Fritz Shlezingel.png|thumb|100px|[[Marlene Dietrich]]]]
* [[December 5]]
** [[Walt Disney]], American animator, film producer (d. [[1966]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Ryan |first1=James Gilbert |last2=Schlup |first2=Leonard C. |title=Historical Dictionary of the 1940s |date=26 March 2015 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-317-46865-3 |page=107 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TnmsBwAAQBAJ&dq=Walt+Disney+1901+december+15+1966&pg=PA107 |language=en |access-date=March 18, 2023 |archive-date=April 4, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404132521/https://books.google.com/books?id=TnmsBwAAQBAJ&dq=Walt+Disney+1901+december+15+1966&pg=PA107 |url-status=live }}</ref>
** [[Milton Erickson]], American psychiatrist (d. [[1980]])
** [[Werner Heisenberg]], German physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1976]])
* [[December 9]] &ndash; [[Jean Mermoz]], French aviator (d. [[1936]])
* [[December 16]] &ndash; [[Margaret Mead]], American cultural anthropologist (d. [[1978]])
* [[December 19]] &ndash; [[Vitorino Nemesio]], Portuguese poet and author (d. [[1978]])
* [[December 23]] &ndash; [[Viktor Gutić]], Croatian fascist official (d. [[1947]])<ref>{{cite book|last=Dizdar|first=Zdravko|authorlink=Zdravko Dizdar|editor1-last=Dizdar|editor1-first=Zdravko|editor2-last=Grčić|editor2-first=Marko|editor3-last=Ravlić|editor3-first=Slaven|editor-link3=Slaven Ravlić|editor4-last=Stuparić|editor4-first=Darko|year=1997|title=Tko je tko u NDH|chapter=Gutić, Viktor|language=Croatian|publisher=Minerva|location=Zagreb, Croatia|isbn=978-953-6377-03-9|p=145}}</ref>
* [[December 25]] &ndash; [[Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester]] (d. [[2004]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Panton |first1=James |title=Historical Dictionary of the British Monarchy |date=February 24, 2011 |publisher=Scarecrow Press |isbn=978-0-8108-7497-8 |pages=42 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BiyyueBTpaMC&pg=PA42 |language=en |access-date=February 8, 2021 |archive-date=December 7, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207122044/https://books.google.com/books?id=BiyyueBTpaMC&pg=PA42#v=onepage&q&f=false |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[December 27]] &ndash; [[Marlene Dietrich]], German-American actress (d. [[1992]])
* [[December 31]] 
** [[Julia Bathory]], Hungarian glass designer (d. [[2000]])
** [[Karl-August Fagerholm]], Prime Minister of Finland (d. [[1984]])

== Deaths ==

=== January–February ===

[[File:Queen Victoria by Bassano.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Queen Victoria]]]]
[[File:Giuseppe Verdi by Giovanni Boldini.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Giuseppe Verdi]]]]
[[File:MilanIDeSerbia--dasknigreichse03kaniuoft.jpg|thumb|110px|King [[Milan of Serbia]]]]
<!--[[File:Pach Brothers - Benjamin Harrison.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Benjamin Harrison]]]]-->
[[File:Mariano Prado.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Mariano Ignacio Prado]]]]
[[File:Marthinus Wessel Pretorius.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Marthinus Wessel Pretorius]]]]
* [[January 1]] &ndash; [[Ignatius L. Donnelly]], American politician and writer (b. [[1831]])
* [[January 8]] &ndash; [[John Barry (VC recipient)|John Barry]], Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross (b. [[1873]])
* [[January 10]] &ndash; Sir [[James Dickson (Queensland politician)|James Dickson]], Premier of Queensland, Australian Minister for Defence (b. [[1832]])
* [[January 11]] &ndash; [[Vasily Kalinnikov]], Russian composer (b. [[1866]])
* [[January 14]] &ndash; [[Víctor Balaguer]], Spanish politician, author (b. [[1824]])
* [[January 16]]
** [[Arnold Böcklin]], Swiss artist (b. [[1827]])
** [[Mahadev Govind Ranade]], Indian reformer (b. [[1842]])
* [[January 17]] 
** [[Leonard Fulton Ross]], American Civil War general (b. [[1823]])
** [[Frederic W. H. Myers]], British poet and psychic researcher (b. [[1843]])
* [[January 19]] &ndash; [[Albert, 4th duc de Broglie]], French politician, 28th [[Prime Minister of France]] (b. [[1821]])
* [[January 21]] &ndash; [[Elisha Gray]], American inventor, appliance manufacturer (b. [[1835]])
* [[January 22]] &ndash; [[Queen Victoria]] of the United Kingdom, Empress of India (b. [[1819]])
* [[January 27]] &ndash; [[Giuseppe Verdi]], Italian composer (b. [[1813]])
* [[January 28]] &ndash; [[Iosif Gurko]], Russian field marshal (b. [[1828]])
* [[February 7]] &ndash; [[Ana Betancourt]], Cuban national heroine (b. [[1832]]) 
* [[February 10]] &ndash; [[Max von Pettenkofer]], Bavarian chemist and hygienist (b. [[1818]])<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Locher|first1=Wolfgang Gerhard|title=Max von Kettenkoffer (1818–1901) as a Pioneer of Modern Hygiene and Preventive Medicine|journal=Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine|date=November 2007|volume=12|issue=6|pages=238–245|doi=10.1007/BF02898030|pmid=21432069|pmc=2723483|bibcode=2007EHPM...12..238L }}</ref>
* [[February 11]]
** King [[Milan I of Serbia]] (b. [[1854]])
** [[Ramón de Campoamor y Campoosorio|Ramón de Campoamor]], Spanish poet (b. [[1817]])
* [[February 14]] &ndash; [[Edward Stafford (politician)|Sir Edward Stafford]], Scottish-New Zealand educator, politician and 3rd [[Prime Minister of New Zealand]] (b. [[1819]])
* [[February 22]] &ndash; [[George Francis FitzGerald]], Irish mathematician (b. [[1851]])
* [[February 26]] &ndash; [[Lucyna Ćwierczakiewiczowa]], Polish writer (b. [[1829]])

=== March–April ===
* [[March 13]] &ndash; [[Benjamin Harrison]], 23rd [[President of the United States]] (b. [[1833]])
* [[March 23]] &ndash; [[Konstantin Stoilov]], 8th [[Prime Minister of Bulgaria]] (b. [[1853]])
* [[March 31]] &ndash; [[John Stainer|Sir John Stainer]], British composer and organist (b. [[1840]])
* [[April 1]] &ndash; [[François-Marie Raoult]], French chemist (b. [[1830]])
* [[April 3]] &ndash; [[Richard D'Oyly Carte]], English impresario (b. [[1844]])
* [[April 9]] &ndash; [[Shrimad Rajchandra]], Indian [[Jainism|Jain]] philosopher, scholar and poet, spiritual mentor of [[Mahatma Gandhi]] (b. [[1867]])<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.srmd.org/global/| title = Shrimad Rajchandra Mission Dharampur| access-date = August 21, 2021| archive-date = December 7, 2023| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20231207122042/https://www.srmd.org/global/| url-status = live}}</ref>
* [[April 24]] &ndash; [[Arvid Posse]], 2nd prime minister of Sweden (b. [[1820]])

=== May–June ===
* [[May 1]] &ndash; [[Lewis Waterman]], American inventor, businessman (b. [[1837]])
* [[May 4]] &ndash; [[Fritz Mayer van den Bergh]], Belgian art collector and art historian (b. [[1858]])
* [[May 5]] &ndash; [[Mariano Ignacio Prado]], Peruvian general and statesman, twice President of Peru (b. [[1825]])<ref>{{Cite book|title=General Mariano Ignacio Prado. Su vida y su obra|first=Evaristo|last=San Cristoval|date=1966|publisher=Impr. Gil|location=Lima|page=58|language=Spanish}}</ref>
* [[May 7]] &ndash; [[Dimitar Grekov]], 10th [[Prime Minister of Bulgaria]] (b. [[1847]])
* [[May 19]] &ndash; [[Marthinus Wessel Pretorius]], 1st [[President of South Africa]] (b. [[1819]])<ref>{{Cite EB1911 |wstitle=Pretorius |display=Pretorius § Marthinus Pretorius |volume=22 |pages=310–311}}</ref>
* [[May 21]] &ndash; [[John Edmund Commerell|Sir John Commerell]], British admiral of the fleet (b. [[1829]])
* [[May 22]] &ndash; [[Gaetano Bresci]], Italian anarchist and assassin (b. [[1869]])
* [[May 24]] &ndash; [[Charlotte Mary Yonge]], English novelist (b. [[1823]])
* [[May 31]] &ndash; [[Ernest de Sarzec]], French archeologist (b. [[1832]])
* [[June 2]] &ndash; [[George Leslie Mackay]], Canadian missionary (b. [[1844]])
* [[June 4]] &ndash; [[Charlotte Fowler Wells]], American phrenologist (b. [[1814]])
* [[June 9]]
** [[Walter Besant]], English writer (b. [[1836]])
** [[Adolf Bötticher]], German art historian (b. [[1842]])
* [[June 13]] &ndash; [[Leopoldo Alas|Leopoldo Alas, 'Clarín']], Spanish novelist (b. [[1852]])
* [[June 16]] &ndash; [[Herman Grimm]], German historian (b. [[1828]])
* [[June 21]] – [[Anthony Hoskins]], British admiral (b. [[1828]])
* [[June 25]] &ndash; [[Alexandru Candiano-Popescu]], Romanian general, lawyer, journalist, and poet (b. [[1841]])

=== July–August ===
[[File:Francesco Crispi.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Francesco Crispi]]]]
[[File:Photolautrec.jpg|thumb|110px|right|[[Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec]]]]
[[File:William McKinley by Courtney Art Studio, 1896.jpg|thumb|110px|[[William McKinley]]]]
* [[July 4]]
** [[John Fiske (philosopher)|John Fiske]], American philosopher (b. [[1842]])
** [[Johannes Schmidt (linguist)|Johannes Schmidt]], German linguist (b. [[1843]])
* [[July 6]] 
** [[Chlodwig, Prince of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst]], [[Chancellor of Germany (German Reich)|Chancellor of Germany]] (b. [[1819]])<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/1901/07/07/archives/prince-hohenlohe-dead-exchancellor-of-germany-expires-in.html | work=[[The New York Times]] | title=Prince Hohenlohe Dead. Ex-Chancellor of Germany Expires in Switzerland. | date=7 July 1901 | access-date=28 April 2010 | archive-date=April 10, 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220410104305/https://www.nytimes.com/1901/07/07/archives/prince-hohenlohe-dead-exchancellor-of-germany-expires-in.html | url-status=live }}</ref>
** [[Joseph LeConte]], American physician and geologist (b. [[1823]])
* [[July 7]] &ndash; [[Johanna Spyri]], Swiss writer (b. [[1827]])
* [[July 10]] &ndash; [[Kliment of Tarnovo]], 2nd [[Prime Minister of Bulgaria]] (b. [[1841]])
* [[July 11]] &ndash; [[Marietta Bones]], American suffragist, social reformer, philanthropist (b. [[1842]])
* [[July 18]] &ndash; [[Jan ten Brink]], Dutch writer (b. [[1834]])
* [[August 5]] &ndash; [[Victoria, Princess Royal]] (b. 1840)
* [[August 12]]
** [[Francesco Crispi]], 11th [[Prime Minister of Italy]] (b. [[1819]])
** [[Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld]], Finnish-Swedish botanist, geologist, mineralogist, and explorer (b. 1832)
* [[August 19]] &ndash; [[Shō Tai]], last king of the [[Ryūkyū Kingdom]] in Japan (b. [[1843]])
* [[August 21]] &ndash; [[Adolf Eugen Fick]], German-born physician and physiologist (b. [[1829]])<ref>{{cite web|url=http://vlp.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/people/data?id=per69|title=Short biography and bibliography|website=[[Virtual Laboratory]] of the [[Max Planck Institute for the History of Science]]|access-date=10 April 2022|archive-date=May 23, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220523024032/https://vlp.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/people/data?id=per69|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== September–October ===
[[File:Emanuella_Carlbeck_Idun_1892,_nr_5.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Emanuella Carlbeck]]]]
* [[September 9]] &ndash; [[Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec]], French painter (b. [[1864]])
* [[September 10]] &ndash; [[Emanuella Carlbeck]], Swedish educator and social reformer (b. [[1829]])<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sköld|first=Beatrice Christensen|date=2018-03-08|title=Svenskt kvinnobiografiskt lexikon-skbl.se - Emanuella Otiliana Carlbeck (Swedish women's biographical dictionary)|url=http://skbl.se/en/article/EmanuellaCarlbeck|url-status=live|access-date=2022-01-14|website=skbl.se|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200811183117/https://skbl.se/en/article/EmanuellaCarlbeck |archive-date=August 11, 2020 }}</ref> 
* [[September 14]] &ndash; [[William McKinley]], 25th [[President of the United States]] ([[Assassination of William McKinley|assassinated]]) (b. [[1843]])
* [[September 15]] &ndash; Sir [[Joseph Palmer Abbott]], Australian politician and solicitor (b. [[1842]])
* [[September 25]] &ndash; [[Arthur Lyon Fremantle|Sir Arthur Fremantle]], British army general (b. [[1835]])
* [[October 1]] &ndash; [[Abdur Rahman Khan]], Emir of Afghanistan (b. [[1844]])
* [[October 10]] &ndash; [[Lorenzo Snow]], 5th president of [[The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]] (b. [[1814]])
* [[October 15]] &ndash; [[Carlos María Fitz-James Stuart, 16th Duke of Alba]], Spanish aristocrat (b. [[1849]])
* [[October 19]] &ndash; [[Carl Frederik Tietgen]], Danish financier, industrialist (b. [[1829]])
* [[October 28]] &ndash; [[Paul Rée]], German author and philosopher (b. [[1849]])
* [[October 29]] 
** [[Leon Czolgosz]], Polish-American assassin of U.S. President [[William McKinley]] (executed) (b. [[1873]])
** [[John Kemp Starley]], English bicycle inventor (b. [[1854]])

=== November–December ===
* [[November 7]] &ndash; [[Li Hongzhang]], Chinese general (b. [[1823]])
* [[November 13]] &ndash; [[William Houston Stewart|Sir William Stewart]], British admiral (b. [[1822]])
* [[November 27]] &ndash; [[Clement Studebaker]], American manufacturer (b. [[1831]])
* [[November 29]] &ndash; [[Francisco Pi y Margall]], Spanish politician, former president of the Republic (b. [[1824]])
* [[November 30]] &ndash; [[Edward John Eyre]], English explorer, Governor of Jamaica (b. [[1815]])<ref>Geoffrey Dutton (1966), "[http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/eyre-edward-john-2032/text2507 Eyre, Edward John (1815–1901)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304220257/http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/eyre-edward-john-2032/text2507 |date=March 4, 2016 }}", ''[[Australian Dictionary of Biography]]'', Volume 1 (Australian National University), accessed 25 October 2018.</ref>
* [[December 6]] &ndash; [[Bertha Wehnert-Beckmann]], German photographer (b. [[1815]])<ref>{{cite book | last = Hannavy | first = John | title = Encyclopedia of nineteenth-century photography | publisher = Routledge | location = London | year = 2013 | isbn = 9781135873264 | page=1484}}</ref> 
* [[December 11]] &ndash; [[Lev Ivanov]], Russian choreographer (b. [[1834]])

== Nobel Prizes ==
[[File:Nobel medal.png|right|100px]]
* [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Physics]] &ndash; [[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]
* [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Chemistry]] &ndash; [[Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff]]
* [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Medicine]] &ndash; [[Emil Adolf von Behring]]
* [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Literature]] &ndash; [[Sully Prudhomme]]
* [[Nobel Peace Prize|Peace]] &ndash; [[Jean Henri Dunant]] and [[Frédéric Passy]]

== Significance of 1901 for software ==
{{unreferenced section|date=May 2022}}
The date of Friday December 13 20:45:52 1901 is significant for modern computers because it is the earliest date representable with a signed [[32-bit]] integer on systems that reference time in seconds since the [[Unix epoch]]. This corresponds to −2147483648 seconds from Thursday January 1 00:00:00 1970. Software that depends on this representation cannot represent an earlier date.

Similarly, many computer systems suffer from the [[year 2038 problem]], when the positive number of seconds since 1970 exceeds 2147483647 (01111111 11111111 11111111 11111111 in binary) and, if represented as a signed 32-bit integer, wraps to −2147483648, representing Friday December 13 20:45:52 1901. In a way, the [[year 2038 problem]] for using signed 32-bit integers with January 1, 1970, as the zero date is as the [[year 2000 problem]] was for software using two-digit decimal integers with January 1, 1900, as the zero date.

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
* {{cite book|title=Appletons' Annual Cyclopaedia and Register of Important Events|url=https://archive.org/details/appletonsannual03unkngoog|year=1902|publisher=D. Appleton & Company}}
* Gilbert, Martin. ''A History of the Twentieth Century: vol. 1 1900–1933'' (1997) pp 36–54; Global coverage of politics, diplomacy etc.

{{Events by month links}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:1901}}
[[Category:1901| ]]