Editing 1894

{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2020}}
{{Year dab|1894}}
{{Year nav|1894}}
{{C19 year in topic}}{{Year article header|1894}}
{{TOC limit|2}}

== Events ==
=== January–March ===
* [[January 4]] &ndash; [[Franco-Russian Alliance|A military alliance]] is established between the [[French Third Republic]] and the [[Russian Empire]].
* [[January 7]] &ndash; [[William Kennedy Dickson]] receives a patent for [[motion picture]] film in the United States.
* [[January 9]] &ndash; [[New England Telephone and Telegraph]] installs the first [[Battery (electricity)|battery]]-operated [[telephone switchboard]], in [[Lexington, Massachusetts]].
* [[February 12]] &ndash; French [[anarchist]] [[Émile Henry (anarchist)|Émile Henry]] sets off a bomb in a Paris café, killing one person and wounding twenty. 
* [[February 15]]  
** In Korea, peasant unrest erupts in the [[Donghak Peasant Revolution]], a massive revolt of followers of the [[Donghak]] movement.<ref>''A New Modern History of East Asia'', ed. by Eckhardt Fuchs, et al. (Gottingen: V&R unipress, 2017) p106</ref>  Both China and Japan send military forces, claiming to come to the ruling [[Joseon]] dynasty government's aid.
** French [[anarchist]] [[Martial Bourdin]] dies of an accidental detonation of his own bomb, next to the [[Royal Observatory, Greenwich]], in London, England.
* [[March 1]] &ndash; The [[Local Government Act 1894|Local Government Act]] (coming into effect December 1894–January 1895) reforms [[local government]] in Britain, creating a system of [[Urban district (England and Wales)|urban]] and [[rural district]]s with elected councils, with elected civil [[Parish councils in England|parish council]]s in rural areas, and gives women, irrespective of marital status, the right to vote and stand in local (but not national) elections.<ref name=CBH>{{cite book|last=Palmer|first=Alan|last2=Palmer |first2=Veronica|year=1992|title=The Chronology of British History|publisher=Century Ltd|location=London|pages=321–322|isbn=0-7126-5616-2}}</ref>
* [[March 2]]  &ndash; [[William Ewart Gladstone|William Gladstone]] resigns as British Prime Minister. 
* [[March 12]] &ndash; [[Coca-Cola]] is sold in bottles for the first time.
* [[March 21]] &ndash; A [[Syzygy (astronomy)|syzygy]] of planets occurs, as Mercury transits the Sun as seen from Venus, and Mercury and Venus both transit the Sun as seen from Saturn, but no two of the transits are simultaneous.
* [[March 25]] &ndash; [[Coxey's Army]] (of the unemployed), the first significant protest march in the United States, departs from [[Massillon, Ohio]], for [[Washington, D.C.]]

=== April–June ===
* [[April 11]] &ndash; Britain establishes a protectorate over [[Uganda]].<ref name=CBH/>
* [[April 16]] &ndash; [[Manchester City Football Club]] is formed in north-west England under this name.
* [[April 21]] &ndash;  A [[Bituminous Coal Miners' Strike of 1894|bituminous coal miners' strike]] closes mines across the central United States.
* [[April 27]] &ndash; [[Canada]]'s largest known landslide occurs in [[Saint-Alban, Quebec]], displacing {{Convert|185|e6m3|}} of rock and dirt, and leaving a {{Convert|40|m|adj=on}} scar that covers {{Convert|4.6|e6m2|}}.<ref name="1894landslide">{{cite web|title=Landslides|url=https://www.getprepared.gc.ca/cnt/hzd/lndslds-en.aspx|website=Get Prepared|publisher=Public Safety Canada|access-date=March 4, 2016}}</ref>
* [[May]] &ndash; [[Third plague pandemic]]: [[Bubonic plague]] breaks out in the [[Tai Ping Shan Street|Tai Ping Shan]] area of Hong Kong (by the end of the year, the death toll is 2,552 people); it also breaks out this year in [[Guangzhou|Canton]].
* [[May 1]] &ndash; In the United States:
** [[Coxey's Army]] arrives in Washington; Coxey is arrested on the Capitol grounds.
** The [[May Day riots of 1894|May Day Riots]] (against unemployment) break out in [[Cleveland, Ohio]].
* [[May 11]] &ndash; [[Pullman Strike]]: Three thousand [[Pullman Palace Car Company]] factory workers go on a "wildcat" (without union approval) strike in [[Illinois]].
* [[May 14]] &ndash; [[Blackpool Tower]] is opened in [[Blackpool]], in north-west England, as a visitor attraction.
* [[May 21]] &ndash; The [[Manchester Ship Canal]] and [[Salford Quays|Docks]] are officially opened by [[Queen Victoria]], linking the previously landlocked industrial city of [[Manchester]], in north-west England, to the [[Irish Sea]].
* [[June 22]] &ndash; [[Dahomey]] becomes a French colony.
* [[June 23]] &ndash; The [[International Olympic Committee]] is founded at the [[University of Paris|Sorbonne]], Paris, at the initiative of Baron [[Pierre de Coubertin]].
* [[June 24]] &ndash; [[Marie François Sadi Carnot|Sadi Carnot]], [[president of France]], is assassinated in Lyon.
* [[June 30]] – [[Tower Bridge]] in London opens for traffic.
[[File:BlackpoolTower OwlofDoom.jpg|thumb|170px|right| [[May 14]]: [[Blackpool Tower]].]]

=== July–September ===
* [[July 4]]
** The short-lived [[Republic of Hawaii]] is proclaimed by [[Sanford B. Dole]].
** The [[Association football|football]] club [[FC La Chaux-de-Fonds]] is founded in Switzerland.
* [[July 6]] &ndash; A fire at the site of the [[1893]] [[World's Columbian Exposition]] in Chicago destroys most of the remaining buildings.<ref>{{cite book|first=Chaim M.|last=Rosenberg|title=America at the Fair: Chicago's 1893 World's Columbian Exposition|publisher=Arcadia Publishing|year=2008}}</ref>
* [[July 16]] &ndash; The United Kingdom and Japan sign the [[Anglo-Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation]], as the U.K. becomes the first of the Western nations to agree to give up its [[Extraterritoriality|extraterritorial right]]s in Japan.<ref>{{cite book|first=Ian H.|last=Nish|title=The Anglo-Japanese Alliance: The Diplomacy of Two Island Empires 1984-1907|publisher=A&C Black|year=2013|page=10}}</ref>
* [[July 22]] &ndash; The [[Paris–Rouen (motor race)|Paris–Rouen]] Competition for Horseless Carriages, the first automobile competition, is held.
* [[August 1]] &ndash; War is declared between the [[Qing Empire]] of China and the [[Empire of Japan]] over their rival claims of influence on their common ally, the [[Joseon]] dynasty of Korea. The event marks the start of the [[First Sino-Japanese War]].
* [[August 15]] &ndash; Italian anarchist [[Sante Geronimo Caserio]] is executed by guillotine for the assassination of French [[Sadi Carnot (statesman)|President Carnot]] in Lyon.
* [[August 31]] &ndash; New Zealand enacts the world's first [[minimum wage law]], to take effect on January 1, in the passage of the ''Industrial Conciliation and Arbitration Act of 1894''.<ref>''Minimum-wage Legislation in the United States and Foreign Countries'', ed. by Charles Henry Verrill  (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 1915) p168</ref>
* [[September 1]] &ndash; [[Great Hinckley Fire]]: A [[forest fire]] in [[Hinckley, Minnesota]], kills more than 450 people.
* [[September 4]] &ndash; In New York City, 12,000 tailors strike against [[sweatshop]] working conditions.
* [[September 10]] &ndash; [[Richard Strauss]] marries [[Pauline De Ahna]].
* [[September 26]] &ndash; The {{SS|Ohio|1875}} and the schooner barge ''Ironton'' collide and sink in [[Lake Huron]]. While the crew of the ''Ohio'' is rescued, five of the other craft's seven-member crew, including the captain, are lost.

=== October–December ===
* [[October 1]] &ndash; [[Petrópolis]] becomes the capital of the Brazilian state of [[Rio de Janeiro (state)|Rio de Janeiro]], until [[1902]].<ref>''Revista do Instituto Histórico e Geográfico Brazileiro'' (Imprensa Nacional, 1906) p348</ref> 
* [[October 15]] &ndash; [[Dreyfus affair]]: French Army officer [[Alfred Dreyfus]] is arrested for spying.
* [[October 30]] &ndash; Domenico Menegatti obtains a patent for a procedure to be applied in producing [[pandoro]] industrially.
* [[November 1]]
[[File:Tsar Nicholas II -1898.jpg|thumb|145px|right| [[November 1]]: [[Nicholas II of Russia|Nicholas II]] becomes [[Tsar of Russia]].]]
** Emperor [[Alexander III of Russia]] is succeeded by his son, [[Nicholas II of Russia|Nicholas II]].
** The first issue of [[Billboard (magazine)|''Billboard'' magazine]] is published in Cincinnati, Ohio by [[William Donaldson]] and James Hennegan. Initially, it covers the advertising and bill posting industry, and is at the time known as ''Billboard Advertising''.
* [[November 6]] &ndash; Republicans win by a landslide in the [[United States House of Representatives elections, 1894|United States House of Representatives elections]], which sets the stage for the decisive [[1896 United States presidential election|presidential election of 1896]].
* [[November 7]] &ndash; The Masonic [[Grande Loge de France]] is founded, splitting from the larger and older [[Grand Orient de France]].
* [[November 21]] &ndash; [[First Sino-Japanese War]]: [[Battle of Lushunkou]] &ndash; Japanese troops secure a decisive victory over the Chinese, capture the port city of [[Lüshunkou]], and begin the [[Port Arthur massacre (China)|Port Arthur massacre]], in which more than 1,000 Chinese servicemen and civilians die.
* [[November 26]] &ndash; Wedding of [[Nicholas II of Russia]] and [[Alix of Hesse]] in the [[Grand Church of the Winter Palace]] at [[Saint Petersburg]].
* [[December 6]] &ndash; [[Kate Chopin]]'s feminist short story "[[The Story of an Hour]]" is first published, in the American magazine ''[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]''.
* [[December 18]] &ndash; Women in [[South Australia]] become the first in Australia to [[Constitutional Amendment (Adult Suffrage) Act 1894|gain the right to vote]] and the first in the world with the right to be elected to Parliament, taking effect from [[1895]], after decades of activism.
* [[December 21]] &ndash; [[Mackenzie Bowell]] becomes Canada's fifth [[Prime Minister of Canada|prime minister]].
* [[December 22]] &ndash; [[Dreyfus affair]]: French Army officer [[Alfred Dreyfus]] is convicted of treason.

=== Date unknown ===
* The [[Society of Beaux-Arts Architects]] is founded in the United States.
* Oil is discovered on the Osage Indian reservation, making the [[Osage Nation|Osage]] the "richest group of people in the world".
* Edward B. Marks and Joe Stern publish the waltz ''[[The Little Lost Child]]'' in the United States, promoting the playing of the waltz with slides projected by a magic lantern, the earliest version of [[music video]] known as the [[illustrated song]].
*[[Spillers Records]] is founded in Cardiff (Wales), the world's oldest record shop still in operation.
* The ''[[Liga Femeilor Române]]'', the first women's organisation in Romania, is founded.

== Births ==
===January–February===
[[File:SatyenBose1925.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Satyendra Nath Bose]]]]
[[File:Billy Bishop VC.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Billy Bishop]]]]
[[File:Harold Macmillan.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Harold Macmillan]]]]
* [[January 1]] &ndash; [[Satyendra Nath Bose]], Indian physicist (d. [[1974]])
* [[January 3]] &ndash; [[ZaSu Pitts]], American actress (d. [[1963]])
* [[January 8]] &ndash; [[Maximilian Kolbe]], Polish friar and martyr (k. [[1941]] in Auschwitz concentration camp)
* [[January 15]] &ndash; [[José Bustamante y Rivero]], Peruvian politician, diplomat and jurist, 78th [[President of Peru]] (d. [[1989]])
* [[January 20]] &ndash; [[Walter Piston]], American composer (d. [[1976]])
* [[January 21]] &ndash; [[Geoffrey Street]], Australian politician (d. [[1940]])
* [[January 30]]
** King [[Boris III of Bulgaria]] (d. [[1943]])
** [[René Dorme]], French World War I fighter ace (d. [[1917]])
* [[January 31]]
** [[Isham Jones]], American bandleader (d. [[1956]])
** [[Percy Helton]], American film, television actor (d. [[1971]])
* [[February 1]]
** [[John Ford]], American film director (d. [[1973]])
** [[Dick Merrill]], American aviation pioneer (d. [[1982]])
* [[February 3]] &ndash; [[Norman Rockwell]], American artist, illustrator (d. [[1978]])
* [[February 8]] &ndash; [[Billy Bishop]], Canadian World War I fighter ace (d. [[1956]])
* [[February 10]] 
** [[Harold Macmillan]], [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom]] (d. [[1986]])
** [[Mãe Menininha do Gantois]], Brazilian spiritual leader (iyalorixá) (d. [[1986]])
* [[February 14]] &ndash; [[Jack Benny]], American actor, comedian (d. [[1974]])
* [[February 25]] &ndash; [[Meher Baba]], Indian [[Avatar]] of the Age (d. [[1969]])
* [[February 26]]
** [[Wilhelm Bittrich]], German ''Waffen SS'' general (d. [[1979]])
** [[Ernest N. Harmon]], American general (d. [[1979]])
* [[February 28]] &ndash; [[Ben Hecht]], American playwright, film writer (d. [[1964]])<ref>{{britannica|259157}}</ref>

=== March–April===
[[File:Otto Grotewohl Anefo.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Otto Grotewohl]]]]
[[File:General Francisco Higino Craveiro Lopes, Presidente de Portugal.tif|thumb|100px|[[Francisco Craveiro Lopes]]]]
[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-B0628-0015-035, Nikita S. Chruschtschow.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Nikita Khrushchev]]]]
<!--[[File:Marie-Adélaïde, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg 2.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Marie-Adélaïde, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg]]]]-->
[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 146II-849, Rudolf Heß.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Rudolf Hess]]]]
[[File:Herbert V. Evatt.jpg|thumb|100px|[[H.V. Evatt]]]]
* [[March 7]] &ndash; [[Marcel Déat]], French politician (d. [[1955]])
* [[March 11]] &ndash; [[Otto Grotewohl]], East German Communist politician, 1st [[Leadership of East Germany|Prime Minister of the German Democratic Republic]] (d. [[1964]])
* [[March 14]] &ndash; [[Martin and Osa Johnson|Osa Johnson]], American adventurer, documentary filmmaker (d. [[1953]])
* [[March 16]] &ndash; [[Stuart Buchanan]], American actor (d. [[1974]])
* [[March 17]] &ndash; [[Paul Green (playwright)|Paul Green]], American novelist, [[Pulitzer Prize]]-winning playwright (d. [[1981]])
* [[March 19]] &ndash; [[Moms Mabley]], African-American comedian (d. [[1975]])
* [[March 20]]
** [[Hans Langsdorff]], German naval officer (d. [[1939]])
** [[Amalie Sara Colquhoun]], Australian painter (d. [[1974]])
* [[March 26]] &ndash; [[May Farquharson]], Jamaican social worker, birth control advocate, philanthropist and reformer (d. [[1992]])
* [[March 27]] &ndash; [[René Fonck]], French World War I [[flying ace]] (d. [[1953]])
* [[April 5]] &ndash; [[Chesney Allen]], British entertainer (d. [[1982]])<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/templates/article.jsp?articleid=64585&back= | title=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography | publisher=OUP | accessdate=13 October 2013}}</ref>
* [[April 10]]
** [[G.D. Birla]], Indian industrialist, Gandhian and educationalist (d. [[1983]])
** [[Ben Nicholson]], English abstract artist (d. [[1982]])
** [[Archibald Roosevelt]], American conservative political activist, son of President [[Theodore Roosevelt]] (d. [[1979]])
* [[April 12]] &ndash; [[Francisco Craveiro Lopes]], 12th President of Portugal (d. [[1964]])
* [[April 13]] &ndash; [[Arthur Fadden|Sir Arthur Fadden]], 13th [[Prime Minister of Australia]] (d. [[1973]])
* [[April 15]] &ndash; [[Bessie Smith]], African-American blues singer (d. [[1937]])
* [[April 17]] &ndash; [[Nikita Khrushchev]], Soviet politician (d. [[1971]])
* [[April 26]] &ndash; [[Rudolf Hess]], German Nazi official (d. [[1987]])
* [[April 27]] &ndash; [[Nicolas Slonimsky]], Russian/American musicologist (d. [[1995]])
* [[April 30]] &ndash; [[H.V. Evatt]], Australian politician, judge (d. [[1965]])

=== May–June===
[[File:Prince-Edward-Duke-of-Windsor-King-Edward-VIII (cropped).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Edward VIII]]]]
[[File:Alfred Kinsey 1955.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Alfred Kinsey]]]]
* [[May 10]]
** [[Horia Macellariu]], Romanian admiral (d. [[1989]])
** [[Dimitri Tiomkin]], Ukrainian-born composer (d. [[1979]])
* [[May 11]] &ndash;  [[Martha Graham]], American dancer, choreographer (d. [[1991]])
* [[May 13]] &ndash; [[Ásgeir Ásgeirsson]], 2nd President of Iceland (d. [[1972]])
* [[May 20]]
** [[Estelle Taylor]], American actress (d. [[1958]])
** [[Chandrashekarendra Saraswati]], Indian religious scholar, saint (d. [[1994]])
* [[May 26]] &ndash; [[Paul Lukas]], Hungarian actor (d. [[1971]])
* [[May 27]]
** [[Louis-Ferdinand Céline]], French writer (d. [[1961]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Merlin Thomas|title=Louis-Ferdinand Céline|publisher=Faber & Faber|year=1979|isbn=9780811217880|page=13}}</ref>
** [[Dashiell Hammett]], American detective fiction writer (d. [[1961]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Julian Symons|title=Dashiell Hammett|publisher=Harcourt Brace Jovanovich|year=1985|isbn=9780805773989|page=IX}}</ref>
* [[May 29]] &ndash; [[Josef von Sternberg]], Austrian-American film director (d. [[1969]])
* [[May 30]] &ndash; [[Hubertus van Mook]], Dutch Acting [[Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies]] (d. [[1965]])
* [[May 31]] &ndash; [[Fred Allen]], American comedian (d. [[1956]])
* [[June 4]] &ndash; [[Gabriel Pascal]], Hungarian film producer (d. [[1954]])
* [[June 5]] &ndash; [[Roy Thomson, 1st Baron Thomson of Fleet|Roy Thomson]], Canadian publisher (d. [[1976]])
* [[June 9]] &ndash; [[Nedo Nadi]], Italian fencer (d. [[1940]])
* [[June 14]] 
** [[Marie-Adélaïde, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg]] (d. [[1924]])
** [[W. W. E. Ross]], Canadian geophysicist, poet (d. [[1966]])
* [[June 23]]
** King [[Edward VIII]] of the United Kingdom (afterwards The Duke of Windsor) (d. [[1972]])
** [[Harold Barrowclough]], New Zealand general, lawyer and chief justice (d. [[1972]])
** [[Alfred Kinsey]], American sexologist (d. [[1956]])
* [[June 28]]
** [[Francis Hunter]], American tennis player (d. [[1981]])
** [[Lois Wilson (actress)|Lois Wilson]], American actress (d. [[1988]])

=== July–August ===
[[File:Khawaja Nazimuddin of Pakistan.JPG|thumb|100px|[[Khawaja Nazimuddin]]]]
[[File:Bertha Lutz 1925.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Bertha Lutz]]]]
* [[July 8]] &ndash; [[Pyotr Kapitsa]], Russian physicist, [[Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1984]])
* [[July 17]] &ndash; [[Georges Lemaître]], Belgian physicist, astronomer (d. [[1966]])
* [[July 18]] &ndash; [[Mariano Rossell y Arellano]], Guatemalan [[Roman Catholic]] clergyman (d. [[1964]])
* [[July 19]] 
** [[Jerzy Pajączkowski-Dydyński]], British-based Polish veteran of World War I  (d. [[2005]])
** [[Khawaja Nazimuddin]], 2nd [[Prime Minister of Pakistan]] (d. [[1964]])
* [[July 20]] &ndash; [[Wiley Rutledge]], [[Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States]] (d. [[1949]])
* [[July 22]] &ndash; [[María Sabina]], Mexican [[curandera]] (d. [[1985]])
* [[July 25]] 
** [[Walter Brennan]], American actor (d. [[1974]])
** [[Yvonne Printemps]], French singer and actress (d. [[1977]])<ref>{{cite book|title=Recorded Sound|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RWI5AQAAIAAJ|year=1967|publisher=British Institute of Recorded Sound|page=309}}</ref>
* [[July 26]] &ndash; [[Aldous Huxley]], English novelist (d. [[1963]])
* [[August 1]]
** [[Benjamin Mays]], American Baptist minister and civil rights leader (d. [[1984]])
** [[Kurt Wintgens]], German fighter pilot, air ace in [[World War I]] (d. [[1916]])
* [[August 2]] &ndash; [[Bertha Lutz]], Brazilian zoologist, politician, diplomat and feminist (d. [[1976]])
* [[August 3]] &ndash; [[Harry Heilmann]], American baseball player (d. [[1951]])
* [[August 10]]  
**[[V. V. Giri]], Indian politician, 4th [[President of India]] (d. [[1980]])
**[[Alan Crosland]], American film director (d. [[1936]])
* [[August 16]] &ndash; [[George Meany]], American labor leader (d. [[1980]])
* [[August 17]] &ndash; [[Riad Al Solh]], 2-Time Prime Minister of Lebanon (d. [[1951]])
* [[August 28]] &ndash; [[Karl Böhm]], Austrian conductor (d. [[1981]])

=== September–October===
[[File:Billy Gilbert 1954.JPG|thumb|100px|[[Billy Gilbert]]]]
[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 146-1994-034-22A, Heinrich Lübke.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Heinrich Lübke]]]]
[[File:E. E. Cummings NYWTS.jpg|thumb|100px|[[E. E. Cummings]]]]
* [[September 2]] &ndash; [[Joseph Roth]], Austrian writer (d. [[1939]])
* [[September 3]] &ndash; [[Benigno Aquino Sr.]], Filipino politician (d. [[1947]])
* [[September 6]] &ndash; [[Howard Pease]], American adventure novelist (d. [[1974]])
* [[September 12]]
** [[Billy Gilbert]], American actor and comedian (d. [[1971]])
** [[Dorothy Maud Wrinch]], British mathematician and biochemical theorist (d. [[1976]])
* [[September 13]]
** [[J. B. Priestley]], English novelist, playwright (d. [[1984]])
** [[Idris Ahmed Mia]], Bengali politician (d. [[1966]])
** [[Julian Tuwim]], Polish poet (d. [[1953]])
* [[September 15]] &ndash; [[Jean Renoir]], French film director (d. [[1979]])
* [[September 19]] &ndash; [[Raymond Duval]], French general (d. [[1955]])
* [[September 24]]
** [[Tommy Armour]], Scottish golfer (d. [[1968]])
** [[Harry B. Liversedge]], American general (d. [[1951]])
** [[Billy Bletcher]],  American actor (d. [[1979]])
* [[September 27]] &ndash; [[Lothar von Richthofen]], German World War I fighter ace (d. [[1922]])
* [[October 1]] &ndash; [[Beatrice Green]], Welsh labour activist (d. [[1927]])<ref>{{cite DWB|id=s14-GREE-BEA-1894|title=Green, Beatrice (1894 - 1927), Political Activist|year=2022|first=Bryan|last=Boots|author-link=|access-date=August 7, 2023}}</ref>
* [[October 5]] &ndash; [[Bevil Rudd]], South African athlete (d. [[1948]])
* [[October 7]] &ndash; [[Herman Dooyeweerd]], Dutch philosopher and professor of law (d. [[1977]])
* [[October 14]] &ndash; [[E. E. Cummings]]<!-- Please don't change this to e. e. cummings.  Read the article to see why this form is correct. -->, American poet (d. [[1962]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Maynard Mack|title=Modern poetry|publisher=Prentice-Hall|year=1961|pages=364–5}}</ref>
* [[October 14]] &ndash; [[Heinrich Lübke]], German president (d. [[1972]])
* [[October 15]] &ndash; [[Moshe Sharett]], Israeli Prime Minister (d. [[1965]])
* [[October 18]] &ndash; [[H. L. Davis]], American fiction writer (d. [[1960]])<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.oregonlive.com/books/index.ssf/2009/12/rediscovering_hl_davis.html|title=Rediscovering H.L. Davis|last=Baker|first=Jeff|date=December 2, 2009|work=The Oregonian|access-date=December 4, 2009}}</ref>
* [[October 21]] – [[Albert F. Nufer]], American diplomat and ambassador  (d. [[1956]])<ref>{{Cite news |last=Times |first=Special to The New York Times The New York |date=1956-11-07 |title=A.F. NUFER DEAD; U.S. DIPLOMAT, 62; Ambassador to Philippines Had Served in Argentina During Peron Regime Headed European Branch |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1956/11/07/archives/af-nufer-dead-us-diplomat-62-ambassador-to-philippines-had-served.html |access-date=2025-02-01 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
* [[October 25]]
** [[Claude Cahun]], French photographer, writer (d. [[1954]])
** [[Âşık Veysel]], Turkish poet, songwriter and saz player (d. [[1973]])
* [[October 27]] &ndash; [[Fritz Sauckel]], German Nazi politician, war criminal (d. [[1946]])
* [[October 28]] &ndash; [[Ismail of Johor]], Malaysian sultan (d. [[1981]])
* [[October 30]] &ndash; [[Peter Warlock]], English composer (d. [[1930]])<ref>{{cite book|author-link=Barry Smith (organist)|last=Smith|first=Barry|title=Peter Warlock: The Life of Philip Heseltine|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|year=1994|isbn=0-19-816310-X|url=https://archive.org/details/peterwarlocklife00smit_0 |page=2}}</ref>

=== November–December===
[[File:Américo Tomás.png|thumb|100px|[[Américo Tomás]]]]
[[File:Mae Marsh 1916.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Mae Marsh]]]]
[[File:Formal Portrait of Kōnosuke Matsushita in 1929.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Kōnosuke Matsushita]]]]
[[File:Portrait Menzies 1950s.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Robert Menzies]]]]
* [[November 2]] &ndash; [[Alexander Lippisch]], German aerodynamics engineer (d. [[1976]])
* [[November 3]] &ndash; [[Sofoklis Venizelos]], 3-time [[Prime Minister of Greece|prime minister of Greece]] (d. [[1964]])
* [[November 4]] &ndash; [[Gabriel Auphan]], French admiral and politician (d. [[1982]])
* [[November 5]] &ndash; [[Harold Innis]], Canadian communications scholar (d. [[1952]])
* [[November 9]] &ndash; [[Mae Marsh]], American film actress (d. [[1968]])
* [[November 13]] &ndash; [[Nita Naldi]], American film actress (d. [[1961]])
* [[November 14]] &ndash; [[Rino Corso Fougier]], Italian air force general (d. [[1963]])
* [[November 19]]
**[[Wacław Stachiewicz]], Polish writer, geologist and general (d. [[1973]])
**[[Américo Tomás]], 13th [[President of Portugal]] (d. [[1987]])
* [[November 21]]
**[[Corinne Griffith]], American actress, author (d. [[1979]])
**[[Cecil M. Harden]], American politician (d. [[1984]])
* [[November 23]] &ndash; [[Hardit Malik]], Indian fighter pilot and diplomat (d. [[1985]])
* [[November 24]] &ndash; [[Herbert Sutcliffe]], English cricketer (d. [[1978]])
* [[November 26]] &ndash; [[Norbert Wiener]], American mathematician (d. [[1964]])
* [[November 27]] &ndash; [[Konosuke Matsushita]], Japanese industrialist (d. [[1989]])
* [[November 29]] &ndash; [[Lucille Hegamin]], American singer, entertainer (d. [[1970]])
* [[December 4]] &ndash; [[T. V. Soong]], [[List of premiers of the Republic of China|Premier of the Republic of China]] (d. [[1971]])
* [[December 5]] &ndash; [[C. R. Swart]], 1st State President of South Africa (d. [[1982]])
* [[December 8]]
** [[E. C. Segar]], American cartoonist, creator of [[Popeye]] (d. [[1938]])
** [[James Thurber]], American cartoonist, writer (d. [[1961]])
** [[Florbela Espanca]], Portuguese poet (d. [[1930]])
* [[December 10]]
** [[Edward Milford]], Australian general (d. [[1972]])
** Philip Drinker, American hygienist and inventor of the [[iron lung]] (d. [[1972]])
* [[December 15]] &ndash; [[Felix Stump]], American admiral (d. [[1972]])
* [[December 17]]
** [[Arthur Fiedler]], American conductor (d. [[1979]])
** [[Willem Schermerhorn]], 28th [[Prime Minister of the Netherlands]] (d. [[1977]])
* [[December 20]] &ndash; [[Robert Menzies|Sir Robert Menzies]], 12th [[Prime Minister of Australia]] (d. [[1978]])
* [[December 22]] &ndash; [[Edwin Linkomies]], [[Prime Minister of Finland]] (d. [[1963]])
* [[December 23]] &ndash; [[Arthur Gilligan]], English cricket captain (d. [[1976]])
* [[December 24]] &ndash; [[Georges Guynemer]], French World War I fighter ace (d. [[1917]])
* [[December 26]] &ndash; [[Jean Toomer]], American poet (d. [[1967]])

===Date unknown===
* [[Shah Abd al-Wahhab]], Bangladeshi Islamic scholar (d. [[1982]])<ref name="babu">{{cite book|url=https://www.boibazar.com/book/kotipoy-ujjol-nokkhotro|title=দারুল উলুম হাটহাজারীর কতিপয় উজ্জ্বল নক্ষত্র|author=[[Junaid Babunagari|Babunagari, Junaid]]|chapter=মাওলানা শাহ আব্দুল ওহাব রহ.|year=2003|publisher=Bukhari Academy|location=[[Hathazari]], [[Chittagong District]]|page=20|edition=1}}</ref>

== Deaths ==

=== January–June ===
[[File:Heinrich Rudolf Hertz.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Heinrich Hertz]]]]
[[File:Jekatyerina Mihajlovna of Russia.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Grand Duchess Catherine Mikhailovna of Russia]]]]
[[File:Myra Bradwell 1870.png|thumb|110px|[[Myra Bradwell]]]]
[[File:Adolphe Sax.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Adolphe Sax]]]]
[[File:Caillebotteautoportrait.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Gustave Caillebotte]]]]
* [[January 1]] &ndash; [[Heinrich Hertz]], German physicist (b. [[1857]])
* [[January 13]] &ndash; [[Nadezhda von Meck]], Russian patron of Peter Tchaikovsky (b. [[1831]])
* [[January 20]] &ndash; [[Robert Halpin]], Irish mariner and transoceanic cable layer (b. [[1836]])
* [[January 28]] &ndash; [[Elise Hwasser]], Swedish actress (b. [[1831]])
* [[February 4]] &ndash; [[Adolphe Sax]], Belgian instrument maker, inventor of the saxophone (b. [[1814]])
* [[February 5]] &ndash; [[Auguste Vaillant]], French anarchist (b. [[1861]]) (executed)
* [[February 6]] &ndash;  [[Maria Deraismes]], French feminist (b. [[1828]])
* [[February 8]] &ndash; [[Robert Michael Ballantyne]], [[List of Scottish novelists|Scottish novelist]] (b. [[1825]])<ref>{{Cite ODNB |last=Rennie |first=Neil |contribution=Ballantyne, Robert Michael (1825–1894) |title=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography |year=2004 |edition=online |url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/123|doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/1232}}</ref>
* [[February 12]] &ndash; [[Hans von Bülow]], German conductor, pianist and composer (b. [[1830]])
* [[February 14]]
** [[Myra Bradwell]], American lawyer, political activist,  (b. [[1831]])
** [[Eugène Charles Catalan]], French and Belgian mathematician (b. [[1814]])<ref>{{Cite web|url = https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.3.1/TH-1942-20397-12664-80?cc=2139860&wc=9DB1-GP8:1009438301,1009621001|title = Familysearch birth register| website=[[FamilySearch]] }}</ref>
* [[February 15]] &ndash; [[May Brookyn]], American actress (b. [[1854]]/[[1859]])
* [[February 21]] &ndash; [[Gustave Caillebotte]], French painter (b. [[1848]])
* [[February 27]]
** [[Hilarión Daza]], President of Bolivia (assassinated) (b. [[1840]])
** [[Carl Schmidt (chemist)|Carl Schmidt]], Baltic German chemist (b. [[1822]])
* [[March 2]] 
** [[Jubal Early]], American Confederate general (b. [[1816]])
** [[William H. Osborn]], American railroad executive (b. [[1820]])
* [[March 3]] &ndash; [[Ned Williamson]], American baseball player (b. [[1857]])
* [[March 14]] &ndash; [[John T. Ford]], American theater manager (b. [[1829]])
* [[March 20]] &ndash; [[Lajos Kossuth]], Hungarian politician (b. [[1802]])
* [[March 30]] &ndash; [[Jane Goodwin Austin]], American popular story writer (b. [[1831]])
* [[April 1]] &ndash; [[Remigio Morales Bermúdez]], 19th President of Peru (b. [[1836]])
* [[April 8]] &ndash; [[Bankim Chandra Chatterjee]], Bengali poet (b. [[1838]])
* [[May 12]] &ndash; [[Grand Duchess Catherine Mikhailovna of Russia]], granddaughter of  Tsar [[Paul I of Russia|Paul I]] (b. [[1827]])
* [[May 19]] &ndash; [[Caroline Mehitable Fisher Sawyer]], American biographier (b. [[1812]])
* [[June 3]] &ndash; [[Karl Eduard Zachariae von Lingenthal]], German jurist, expert on Byzantine law (b. [[1812]])
* [[June 7]] &ndash; King [[Hassan I of Morocco]] (b. [[1836]])
* [[June 8]] &ndash;[[William M. Dalton]], American Old West outlaw (b. [[1866]])<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.legendsofamerica.com/we-daltonbrothers/|title=The Dalton Brothers – Lawmen & Outlaws – Legends of America|website=www.legendsofamerica.com}}</ref>
* [[June 23]]
** [[Marietta Alboni]], Italian opera singer (b. [[1826]])
** [[Władysław Czartoryski]], Polish political activist and art collector (b. [[1828]])
* [[July 24]] &ndash; [[George Peter Alexander Healy]], American portrait painter (b. [[1813]])
* [[June 25]] 
** [[Marie François Sadi Carnot]], French statesman (assassinated) (b. [[1837]])
** [[Charles Romley Alder Wright]], British chemist who synthesized heroin (b. [[1844]])
* [[June 27]] &ndash; [[Giorgio Costantino Schinas]], Maltese architect and civil engineer (b. [[1834]])

=== July–December ===
[[File:Hermann von Helmholtz.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]]]
[[File:Robert Louis Stevenson Knox Series.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Robert Louis Stevenson]]]]
[[File:Christina Rossetti 3.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Christina Rossetti]]]]
* [[July 1]] &ndash; [[Julius van Zuylen van Nijevelt]], Prime Minister of the Netherlands (b. [[1819]])
* [[July 3]] &ndash; [[Paul Lecreux]], French sculptor (b. c. [[1826]])
* [[July 22]] &ndash; [[Julius von Bose]], Prussian general (b. [[1809]])
* [[July 30]] &ndash; [[Walter Pater]], English essayist, critic (b. [[1839]])<ref name="oxforddnb.com">{{Citation | contribution-url = http://www.oxforddnb.com/templates/article.jsp?articleid=21525&back=&version=2004-09 | contribution = Walter Pater | title = Oxford Dictionary of National Biography | url = http://www.oxforddnb.com/}}</ref>
* [[August 1]] &ndash; [[Joseph Holt]], Union Army general (b. [[1807]])
* [[August 10]] &ndash; [[Cynthia Roberts Gorton]], blind American poet and author (b. [[1826]])
* [[September 1]] &ndash; [[Nathaniel P. Banks]], American politician, general (b. [[1816]])
* [[September 3]] &ndash; [[Josiah Parsons Cooke]], American scientist (b. [[1827]])
* [[September 8]] &ndash; [[Hermann von Helmholtz]], German physician, physicist  (b. [[1821]])
* [[September 13]] &ndash; [[Emmanuel Chabrier]], French composer (b. [[1841]])
* [[September 24]] &ndash; [[Mary Jane Patterson]], first African-American woman to receive a B.A degree in 1862. (b. [[1840]])
* [[October 7]] &ndash; [[Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr.]], American author (b. [[1809]])<ref name="oxforddnb.com"/>
* [[October 9]] &ndash; [[Henry Grey, 3rd Earl Grey]], British politician (b. [[1802]])
* [[October 20]] &ndash; [[James Anthony Froude]], English historian (b. [[1818]])<ref>{{cite book|title=Biographical Index of Former Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 1783–2002|date=July 2006|publisher=The Royal Society of Edinburgh|isbn=0-902-198-84-X|url=https://www.royalsoced.org.uk/cms/files/fellows/biographical_index/fells_indexp1.pdf|access-date=October 4, 2022|archive-date=January 24, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130124115814/http://www.royalsoced.org.uk/cms/files/fellows/biographical_index/fells_indexp1.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[October 22]] &ndash; [[Gillis Bildt]], 5th Prime Minister of Sweden (b. [[1820]])
* [[October 25]] &ndash; [[Mary Brayton Woodbridge]], American temperance reformer and newspaper editor (b. [[1830]])
* [[October 30]] &ndash; [[Juan Cortina]], Mexican folk hero (b. [[1824]])
* [[November 1]] &ndash; Emperor [[Alexander III of Russia]] (b. [[1845]])
* [[November 20]] &ndash; [[Anton Rubinstein]], Russian pianist, composer (b. [[1829]])
* [[November 25]] &ndash; [[Solomon Caesar Malan]], Swiss-born orientalist (b. [[1812]])
* [[November 29]] &ndash; [[Juan N. Méndez]], interim [[List of heads of state of Mexico|President of Mexico]] from 1876 to 1877. (b. [[1820]])<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Presidencia de la Republica de Mexico|url=http://calderon.presidencia.gob.mx/mexico/gobernantes/mexico-1821-actualidad/juan-n-mendez/|title=JUAN N. MÉNDEZ|language=es|access-date=May 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190528055920/http://calderon.presidencia.gob.mx/mexico/gobernantes/mexico-1821-actualidad/juan-n-mendez/|archive-date=May 28, 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[December 3]] &ndash; [[Robert Louis Stevenson]], Scottish author (b. [[1850]])<ref>{{Cite EB1911|wstitle= Stevenson, Robert Lewis Balfour | volume= 25 |last= Gosse |first= Edmund William |author-link= Edmund William Gosse| pages = 907&ndash;910 }}</ref>
* [[December 8]] &ndash; [[Pafnuty Chebyshev]], Russian mathematician (b. [[1821]])
* [[December 9]] &ndash; [[Mary Bell Smith]], American educator, social reformer and writer (b. [[1818]])
* [[December 12]] &ndash; [[John Sparrow David Thompson|Sir John Thompson]], 4th [[Prime Minister of Canada]] (b. [[1845]])
* [[December 28]] &ndash; [[Chamarajendra Wadiyar X]], Maharajah of Mysore (b. [[1863]])
* [[December 29]] &ndash; [[Christina Rossetti]], English poet (b. [[1830]])<ref>{{Cite EB1911|wstitle= Rossetti, Christina Georgina | volume= 23 |last= Gosse |first= Edmund William |author-link= Edmund William Gosse| pages = 746&ndash;747 |short = 1}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==Sources==
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=ar0_AAAAYAAJ&q=intitle:annuaL+intitle:CYCLOPEDIA ''American Annual Cyclopedia...1894'' (1895) online]

{{DEFAULTSORT:1894}}
[[Category:1894| ]]